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ICD-10-CM-2017 Diabetes Coding Guide-MEDESUN-Dr Guptha Diabetes mellitus, often simply referred to as diabetes—is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. This high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyphagia (increased hunger). Type 1 diabetes:results from the body's failure to produce insulin, and presently requires the person to inject insulin. (Also referred to as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDM for short, and juvenile diabetes.) Type 1 diabetes mellitus is characterized by loss of the insulin-producing beta cells of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas leading to insulin deficiency. With DKA, the diagnosis of “diabetes” defaults to Type I, since most diabetics who develop DKA are Type I diabetics. DKA occurs when a shortage of insulin causes the body to break down fat and muscle for energy. The byproduct of this process is ketones, which enter the bloodstream and cause a dangerous form of acidosis. In DKA, the patient is severely dehydrated and confused. Due to the electrolyte imbalance caused by DKA, hospitalization is required to stabilize the blood chemistry and restore hydration. Type 2 diabetes:results from insulin resistance, a condition in which cells fail to use insulin properly, sometimes combined with an absolute insulin deficiency. (Formerly referred to as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, NIDDM for short, and adultonset diabetes.) Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance which may be combined with relatively reduced insulin secretion. Signs and Symptoms: The classical symptoms of diabetes are polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst) and polyphagia (increased hunger). Type I diabetics are always insulin dependent. Type II diabetics can often control their blood sugars with a combination of diet, exercise, and oral medication. Some Type II diabetics cannot control their blood sugars except through insulin injections. More details in Medical Coding Training Program.
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Diagnosis Diabetes mellitus is characterized by recurrent or persistent hyperglycemia, and is diagnosed by demonstrating any one of the following Fasting plasma glucose level ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL). Plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) two hours after a 75 g oral glucose load as in a glucose tolerance test. Symptoms of hyperglycemia and casual plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL). Glycated hemoglobin (Hb A1C) ≥ 6.5%
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