BACKGROUND
1ST LANGUAGE
-THE ROLE OF 1ST LANGUAGE SKILLS ARE CRUCIAL -STUDENTS WITH STRONG FOUNDATIONS IN THEIR NATIVE LANGUAGE HAVE BETTER COGNITIVE ABILTIY TO LEARN A SECOND LANGUAGE
KRASHEN’S THEORY OF 2ND LANGUAGE
ACQUISTION :
-MOST ACCEPTED THEORY
-5 INTERRELATED HYPOTHESIS
1. LEARNING/ACQUISTION THEORY
*LEARNING IS DONE IN SCHOOL
*ACQUISTION HAPPENS NATURALLY IN THE SUBCONSCIOUS
2. NATURAL ORDER HYPOTHESIS
*L1 & L2 ARE ACQUIRED IN NATURAL ORDER
*HOWEVER, THE ORDER DEPENDS ON THE L1 BEING ACQUIRED
3. MONITOR HELP
*WE MONITOR HOW WE SPEAK IN SOCIAL SITUATIONS
* IT’S EASIER TO MONITOR WRITING
4. INPUT HYPOTHESIS
*INPUT NEEDS TO BE A LITTLE HIGHER THAN STUDENTS’ CURRENT LEVEL
*USE PICS, TONE OF VOICE, GESTURES OR HANDS ON TO FACILITATE
5. AFFECTIVE FILTER HYPOTHESIS
*IF STUDENTS ARE BORED OR ANXIOUS IT BLOCKS THEIR LEARNING
*STUDENTS FAIR WELL WHEN THEY ARE RELAXED AND ENGAGED
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESOURCE MISTY CRAWFORD
YOUR GO TO FOR: 2ND LANGUAGE ACQUISTION
SCHUMANN’S THEORY OF 2ND LANGUAGE
ACQUISTION
-THE ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL OF LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT -SOCIAL FACTORS
*IF PEOPLE ASSOCIATE WITH ONLY THOSE THAT SPEAK THEIR NATIVE LANGUAGE, THEY WILL STRUGGLE TO LEARN THE 2ND LANGUAGE
BACKGROUND STAGES
5 STAGES OF 2ND LANGUAGE ACQUISTION
1. SILENT/RECEPTIVE: HOURS-MONTHS CAN TAKE HOURS - MONTHS LEARNING VOCABULARY AND PRACTICING PRONUNCIATION
2. EARLY PRODUCTION: AROUND 6 MONTHS UNDERSTAND 1,000 WORDS SPEAK WORDS & SHORT PHRASES NOT GRAMMARTICALLY CORRECT
3. SPEECH EMERGENCE:
VOCABULARY = 3,000 WORDS USES SENTENCES, SHORT PHRASES, AND QUESTIONS DEVELOPING GREATER COMPREHENSION AND BEGINNING TO READ AND WRITE
4. INTERMEDIATE FLUENCY: A YEAR PLUS
VOCABULARY = 6,000 WORDS
COMMUNICATES USING COMPLEX SENTENCES IN WRITING AND SPEECH STARTS THINKING IN 2ND LANGUAGE
5. ADVANCED FLUENCY: 2 YEARS AND BEYOND
10 YEARS TO FULL MASTERY
NEED LOTS OF OPPORTUNITIES TO PRACTICE SPEAKING, WRITING AND PARTICIPATING IN CONVERSATIONS
MISTY CRAWFORD
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESOURCE
YOUR GO TO FOR
STRATEGIES FOR TEACHING 2ND LANGUAGES TEACHING STRATEGIES : 2ND LANGUAGE ACQUISTION
GET TO KNOW YOUR STUDENTS BUILD RELATIONSHIPS
EMPLOY TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE: STUDENTS RESPOND WITH PHYSICAL MOVEMENT USE VISUAL AIDS
COLLABORATE WITH THE ESL TEACHER TEACH LANGUAGE SKILLS AND CONTENT SIMULTANEOUSLY
PICTURE WORD INDUCTION MODEL
(PWIM): SELECT AN ENGAGING PICTURE, USE TO INTRODUCE VOCABULARY, ADD MORE VOCABULARY ON SUBSEQUENT DAYS AND SENTENCE PATTERNS
SENTENCE FRAMES
COMPREHENSIBLE INPUT: SLOW, DELIBERATE SPEECH, AVOIDING FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE COLLABORATIVE SUMMARIZING; STUDENTS WRITE A SUMMARY TOGETHER
MISTY CRAWFORD
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESOURCE
:
2ND LANGUAGE ACQUISTION
RESOURCES YOUR GO TO FOR
THE SHARE TEAM. (2012, OCT. 4TH). 5 STAGES OF SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISTION.
HTTPS://RESILIENTEDUCATOR.COM/CLASSROOMRESOURCES/FIVE-STAGES-OF-SECOND-LANGUAGEACQUISITION/
FERLAZZO, L. (JUNE 26, 2021). THE SIX MOST EFFECTIVE INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES FOR ELLS—ACCORDING TO TEACHERS. EDUCATIONWEEK.
HTTPS://WWW.EDWEEK.ORG/TEACHING-LEARNING/OPINIONTHE-SIX-MOST-EFFECTIVE-INSTRUCTIONAL-STRATEGIESFOR-ELLS-ACCORDING-TO-TEACHERS/2021/06
THETEACHERTOOLKIT. RETRIEVED MARCH 27, 2024, FROM HTTPS://WWW.THETEACHERTOOLKIT.COM/INDEX.PHP/TOOL/ TOTAL-PHYSICAL-RESPONSE-TPR
FREEMAN, D.E., & FREEMAN, Y.S. (2014). ESSENTIAL LINGUISTICS; WHAT TEACHERS NEED TO KNOW TO TEACH. HEINEMANN.
MISTY CRAWFORD
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESOURCE