Research and Scholarship Showcase April 9,
2026
This annual event showcases scholarship and research activities from various healthcare programs across the Worcester campus of Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences. This year, 32 abstracts submitted by students, graduate students, postgraduate residents, and fellows were accepted and will be presented in poster format.
The Center for Research and Discovery expresses its profound appreciation to Dr. Caroline Zeind and the Office of the Provost for her continuing support of mentored research.
Center for Research and Discovery
Dean: Keri Griffin | Campus Champions: Matthew Metcalf, Heidi Robertson, and Jeffrey Hill
IPE Research and Scholarship Committee
Co-Chairs: Matthew Metcalf and Alok Sharma | IPE Chair: Kaelen Dunican | CRD Dean: Keri Griffin
Members and Schools
School of Pharmacy, Worcester/Manchester
Holly Baker, Darlene DiTommaso, Kaelen Dunican, Matthew Metcalf, Helen Pervanas, and Alok Sharma
School of Optometry, Worcester/Manchester
Lawrence Baitch
School of Physician Assistant Studies, Worcester/Manchester
Kristy Altongy-Magee and Heather Gallagher
School of Occupational Therapy, Manchester
Heidi Robertson
School of Physical Therapy, Worcester
Danielle Bellows
New England School of Acupuncture, Worcester
Stephen Cina
School of Nursing, Worcester/Manchester
Edie Hamilton and Erica Bush
School of Medical Imaging and Therapeutics, Worcester
Jeffrey Hill
Forsyth School of Dental Hygiene, Worcester
Irina Smilyanski
Title
1 Comparative Analysis of U.S. and Canadian Regulatory Frameworks for Herbal Supplements with Complex Ingredients: Implications for Consumer Safety 2 Retrospective Analysis of FDA Accelerated Oncology Drugs & Patient Impact
3 Medicinal Chemistry vs. Chagas: New Drug Discoveries for Chagas Disease 4 Synthesis and Characterization of a New Lead Compound for the Treatment of T. cruzi
5 Risks of Utilizing Retrobulbar Anesthesia in Cataract Surgery: A Case Report
6 Differential Expression of HSF1-Associated Stress Response Pathways in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Between Black/African American and White Patients
7 Inner Retinal Remodeling and Decline in Cone Photoreceptor Viability due to Knockdown of RP2 Gene
8 Influence of Ablation of RP2 gene on Outer Segment Morphology and Function of Retinal Photoreceptors 9 Targeting C5 Complement Protein to Reduce Progression of Geographic Atrophy 10 Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of Liposomal Doxorubicin Nanotherapeutics for Glioblastoma Treatment. 11 Leadership and Innovation in ICE: A Student-Led Initiative Addressing Health Inequities for the Unhoused 12 A Literature Review. Bridging the Gap: The Optometrist's Role in Diabetic Retinopathy Screening, Health Disparities, and Interprofessional Collaboration.
13 A Preclinical and clinical evaluation into the development of liposomal doxorubicin for breast cancer treatment
Association of Tumor HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) Expression with Overall Survival in Pancreatic Cancer: An Exploratory Analysis
15 AI collection of growth measurements in Pisum sativum: A plant-based non-animal model (NAM) drug assay
16 Novel Irinotecan-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Insights from In Vivo and Clinical Studies
18 Music Therapy & Acupuncture for PTSD
19
Enhanced cellular uptake of nanoliposomes by low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma following the additional inclusion of cholesterol and cellular lipid derived from ovarian carcinoma cells
20 Chronotherapy in hypertension: An updated Bayesian meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled trials comparing awakening and bedtime dosing effects on cardiovascular outcomes
21
22
Comparative Effectiveness of Once-Weekly Basal Insulins vs. Daily Glargine U100 in Type 2 Diabetes: A Bayesian Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Pharm-Drive: AI-Powered Platform for Translating Marketing Content Updates Into Sales Alignment
23 A modular lipid-based oral drug delivery system for precision combination chemotherapy in breast cancer
24 Evaluation of Phospholipid Helper Lipids, Optimized Synthetic Cationic Lipids, and Lipid Extracts derived from Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Improving Nano-Formulation Drug Effects
25 Utilization of AI for the creation of medicinal chemistry illustrations
26 Refractive Error as a Rehabilitative Tool in Retinitis Pigmentosa: Leveraging High Myopia for Functional Magnification
27 Same Burden, Different Path: Differential Pathway Enrichment in BRAF-Mutant versus WildType Tumors
28 Prenatal Exposure to Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) Treatment and Impact on Long-term Child Development
29 Cholesterol Depletion Enhances Nanoliposomal Uptake Across Diverse Melanoma Cell Lines.
30 Growth profile characterization and cellular uptake of SU-CCS-1 lipid extract-modified nanoliposomes using a cellular model of clear cell sarcoma
31 Reducing Pregnancy-Related Venous Thromboembolism Risk Among African American Women Through Prenatal Education in Worcester County
32 Opioids are a Double-Edge Sword in Chronic Pain Treatment: Education to Prevent Misuse
Abstract: 1
Comparative Analysis of U.S. and Canadian Regulatory Frameworks for Herbal Supplements with Complex Ingredients: Implications for Consumer Safety
Author(s): Sarakshmi Ghosh and Frederick Frankhauser
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Frederick Frankhauser
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: This study undertakes a comparative analysis of regulatory frameworks governing herbal supplements with complex ingredients in the United States and Canada, emphasizing implications for consumer safety. It aims to identify key similarities and differences, evaluate public health impact, and provide recommendations for harmonization.
Methods: A qualitative comparative legal and regulatory analysis was conducted using primary sources from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA), the Health Canada, and the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999, supplemented by published literature and policy analyses. Regulatory similarities and comparisons focused on pre-market authorization, labeling, manufacturing standards, post-market surveillance, risk assessment.
Results: In the United States, herbal supplements are regulated as dietary supplements under DSHEA, with limited pre-market oversight and reactive enforcement. Canada regulates these products as Natural Health Products, requiring pre-market licensing, substantiated health claims, and proactive monitoring. Both systems mandate Good Manufacturing Practices and adverse event reporting, but Canada’s framework is more stringent. Regulatory gaps in both countries can lead to contamination, inaccurate labeling, variable dosages, toxicity, and drug interactions, particularly affecting children, pregnant individuals, older adults, and immunocompromised patients.
Discussion: Clinicians should systematically screen supplements during medication reconciliation, assess drug–herb interactions, hepatotoxicity, and bleeding risk, and ensure thorough documentation and adverse event reporting. Awareness of regulatory differences informs patient counseling and risk mitigation.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: Enhanced regulatory harmonization, strengthened evidence requirements, proactive surveillance, and international collaboration are essential to safeguard consumer health and support informed clinical practice.
Abstract: 2
Retrospective Analysis of FDA Accelerated Oncology Drugs & Patient Impact
Author(s): Ritu Patel and Frederick Frankhauser
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Frederick Frankhauser
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) offers an accelerated regulatory pathway to expedite the development and review of drugs that can treat serious conditions and address unmet medical needs. This presentation examines clinical and regulatory literature to review FDA oncology drug approval process and the impact on patient outcomes.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. Data was analyzed from the FDA Drugs Database and Prescribing Information for 12 specific oncology medications. The study recorded their initial accelerated approval date and their traditional approval date, along with the surrogate and clinical endpoints needed for approval.
Results: As of 2024, 214 oncology drugs have received accelerated approval from the FDA, with 122 (57%) converted to traditional approval. Within the specific drugs mentioned in the table, the accelerated pathway delivered the drug 3 to 5 years sooner than the traditional pathway. The case study of Jemperli shows that surrogate biomarkers are successful at predicting long term benefits.
Discussion: The FDA’s 2024 data base shows that 122 (57%) drugs have been granted traditional approval, 31 (14%) drugs have been withdrawn due to failure of clinical benefit in confirmatory trials, and 61 (29%) drugs are still under evaluation. The high rate of conversion shows the benefit of surrogate endpoints.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: The accelerated pathway bridges the gap between drug development and clinical need, which overall allows early treatment to enhance patient quality of life. Healthcare providers and patients can use MedWatch for post market surveillance and monitor safety of the drugs following accelerated and traditional approval.
Abstract: 3
Medicinal Chemistry vs. Chagas: New Drug Discoveries for Chagas Disease
Author(s): Liana Caprera and Carolyn Friel
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Carolyn Friel
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi)
Purpose/Hypothesis: Chagas disease is an illness caused by the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite and is transmitted by triatomine bugs. It is endemic to warmer climates in Mexico, Central and South America, and the Southern United States. Patients who contract this disease usually present with little to no symptoms, and a normal exam. However, without proper treatment, the disease can progress to more serious complications like cardiomyopathy and megacolon. This project is in collaboration with the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi) to develop compounds that can be used as therapies, since very limited medications currently exist.
Methods: The compounds to synthesized were previously designed using AI and were predicted to be biologically active. In this project, two reductive deamination reactions were performed under nitrogen. Reactions were monitored by thin-layer chromatography. Products were purified via column chromatography and recrystallization and confirmed via 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Biological assays will be completed by the DNDi.
Results: Both experiments were successful, and the structures of three novel compounds were confirmed by NMR. Experiment 1 produced two compounds; a monocyclopropyl compound (Product 1) and dicyclopropyl compound (Product 2). Experiment 2 produced the predicted product (Product 3). Overall yields for the products were low (14-16%).
Discussion: N/A
Implications and Clinical Relevance: New compounds are needed to treat Chagas disease because current treatment options are limited. Based on NMR analyses, three new compounds were successfully synthesized. They will be sent to the DNDi for biological assays to determine if they are effective against Chagas disease.
Abstract: 4
Synthesis and Characterization of a New Lead Compound for the Treatment of T. cruzi
Author(s): Mehgan Durocher, Anthony Farago, and Carolyn Friel
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Carolyn Friel
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, affects more than six million people worldwide and can progress to chronic cardiac complications, including cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias. Current therapies are limited by toxicity and inconsistent effectiveness, supporting the need for new antiparasitic agents. This project aimed to synthesize and characterize novel arylaminopyrazole derivatives and assess whether targeted R-group modification of the parent scaffold could expand this chemical series for future lead optimization.
Methods: Two novel analogs, AFMD-1-1 and AFMD-2-1, were designed through R-group modification of the parent scaffold and synthesized using a reductive amination strategy. Following synthesis, crude products were purified and isolated using chromatographic methods, including Biotage purification. Structural characterization was performed using proton (1H) and carbon (13C) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to evaluate whether the expected molecular features were present in the purified products.
Results: AFMD-1-1 and AFMD-2-1 were synthesized successfully using the planned reductive amination approach and isolated following purification. NMR analysis supported the presence of expected structural features consistent with the intended analog designs. Differences encountered during purification and recovery suggested variability in reaction efficiency and isolate quality between compounds.
Discussion: These findings demonstrate that reductive amination can be used to generate structurally modified arylaminopyrazole analogs within this scaffold series. The observed differences in purification and characterization suggest that even small R-group changes may affect synthetic performance, recovery, and compound handling, emphasizing the importance of continued reaction and purification optimization.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: This work expands the arylaminopyrazole series by introducing two novel analogs for future evaluation against T. cruzi.
Abstract: 5
Risks of Utilizing Retrobulbar Anesthesia in Cataract Surgery: A Case Report
Author(s): Paulina Clemente and Jami Parsons Malloy
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Jami Parsons Malloy
Program/School: Optometry, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: To report the potential risks and outcomes with cataract removal procedures involving retrobulbar anesthesia.
Methods: A 68-year-old woman was referred for cataract removal surgery in her right eye in 2018. Anesthesia was given via retrobulbar block, subsequently causing perforation of the globe and requiring same day emergency pars plana vitrectomy. Months later she experienced both retinal and choroidal detachments, requiring retinal repair surgeries and scleral buckle insertion.
Results: The consequences of these procedures left the patient aphakic with hand motion visual acuities, a large iris sphincter tear, and she experiences significant photophobia, all of which contribute to an overall decrease in quality of life.
Discussion: Cataract removal is a common surgery that is not without risks. While generally a safe procedure offering good visual outcomes for the patient, there is a small percentage of patients that ultimately experience surgical complications.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: Loss of vision, disrupting visual symptoms, and permanent damage to ocular structures are some of the possible risks to be aware of to guide future case management.
Abstract: 6
Differential Expression of HSF1-Associated Stress Response Pathways in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Between Black/African American and White Patients
Author(s): Fatumata Dembele, Kawther Abdilleh, Radu Tanasa, Jean Noel Billau and George Acquaah-Mensah
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: George Acquaah-Mensah
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with well-documented racial disparities in incidence and mortality. Black/African-American (BAA) patients experience worse outcomes compared to White patients. Nonetheless, the molecular mechanisms contributing to these differences remain unclear. This study aimed to identify differences in gene expression and associated biological pathways between BAA and White PDAC patients, using transcriptomic data.
Methods: RNA sequencing data were sourced from the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network’s Know Your Tumor project. PDAC tumor samples were analyzed using the Panomics platform. Patients were stratified by race (BAA vs White). Differential gene expression analysis was performed using the DESeq2 algorithm. Genes with an adjusted p-value ≤ 0.1 were considered statistically significant. Significant genes were further evaluated using pathway enrichment analysis to identify associated biological processes.
Results: A total of 17,998 genes were analyzed, and 253 genes were identified as significantly differentially expressed between the two groups. Notable genes included AMY2A, L1TD1, LMAN1L, LIPF, PGA4, and GSTA2. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed significant involvement of HSF1-mediated heat-shock and cellular stress response pathways, as well as metabolic and signaling pathways associated with tumor progression.
Discussion: These findings suggest potential biological differences in gene expression and pathway activity between BAA and White PDAC patients.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: Understanding these molecular differences may help improve knowledge of racial disparities in pancreatic cancer and support future research aimed at identifying targeted therapeutic strategies.
Abstract:
7
Inner Retinal Remodeling and Decline in Cone Photoreceptor Viability due to Knockdown of RP2 Gene
Author(s): Ryan Durand, Nicholas James Gordon Murphy, and Mahesh Shivanna
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Mahesh Shivanna
Program/School: Optometry, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): UMASS Medical School
Purpose/Hypothesis: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a severe neurodegenerative disease characterized by degeneration of photoreceptors that are considered as light sensing cells of the retina. This disease can lead to progressive vision loss or blindness depending on the severity of the disease. Currently, the knowledge on the remodeling of inner retinal neurons due to photoreceptor degeneration is limited. The goals of this study were to:
• Examine the influence of knockdown of RP2, an RP-causing gene on remodeling of the inner retina
• Ascertain the influence of RP2 knockdown on cone photoreceptor viability
Methods: The experiments were performed using Rp2 null (Mutant) mice and compared with Rp2 flox (Wild Type) mice. Gene expression was validated by RT-PCR and immunoblotting assays were done using retinal extracts. Histologic analysis of paraffin sections of mouse retina was performed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Eyes from both wild type and mutant mice were enucleated, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution and processed for cryosectioning. Sections were permeabilized, blocked for 1 hour, incubated with primary antibody for the specific bipolar cells of rods and cones namely Goalpha overnight followed by incubation with appropriate secondary antibody conjugated to a fluorophore. Cone cell viability was assessed using flat mount of retinas that were stained with PNA. DAPI was also used to label the nuclei and the sections were visualized using a confocal scanning microscope.
Results: Gene expression analysis and immunoblotting assay confirmed significant knockdown of RP2 gene. In control mice, Goalpha expression is more prominent at the processes of rod bipolar and ON cone [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract:
8
Influence of Ablation of RP2 gene on Outer Segment Morphology and Function of Retinal Photoreceptors
Author(s): Nicholas James Gordon Murphy, Ryan Durand, and Mahesh Shivanna
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Mahesh Shivanna
Program/School: Optometry, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): UMASS Medical School
Purpose/Hypothesis: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a severe neurodegenerative disease that can cause progressive loss of vision. This disease culminates in the degeneration of photoreceptors. RP2 gene expression is required for normal development and maintenance of photoreceptor function. Mutations in RP2 gene is associated with the development of X-Linked RP, a severe form of Retinitis Pigmentosa. This study was undertaken to examine the influence of ablation of RP2 gene on morphology of outer segment of rods and cones as well as on their function.
Methods: The experiments were performed using Rp2 null (Mutant) mice and compared with Rp2 flox (Wild Type) mice. Eyes were enucleated from these mice as per approved protocol, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution and processed for cryosectioning and staining using specific antibodies by standard immunohistochemistry protocol. The morphological characteristics of the outer segment of rods and cones were confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The function of rod and cone photoreceptors were assessed by electroretinography (ERG).
Results: Constitutive loss of Rp2 gene in Rp2null mice resulted in abnormal extension of the cone outer segment (COS) as evident by noticeable change in localization of M-opsin when compared to that of Rp2 flox (wild type) mice. TEM analysis also revealed the elongated COS with abnormal ultrastructure and disorganized lamellae. ERG results confirmed the reduced functionality of both rod and cone photoreceptors in Rp2null mice unlike that of wild type mice.
Discussion: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a severe neurodegenerative disease that can cause progressive loss of vision. This disease culminates in the degeneration of photoreceptors [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract:
9
Targeting C5 Complement Protein to Reduce Progression of Geographic Atrophy
Author(s): Carolyn Ly, Julia Najjar, and Mahesh Shivanna
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Mahesh Shivanna
Program/School: Optometry, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a debilitating condition that represents one of the leading causes of visual impairment among the elderly population in developed countries. Geographic Atrophy (GA) is an advanced form of dry AMD, severely affecting vision and often threatening complete vision loss in an estimated 1.5 million individuals in the US. Currently, the knowledge on the signaling cascades contributing to the progression of GA is limited. The goals of this study were to:
• Examine the influence of blocking C5a complement protein on retinal photoreceptors
• Ascertain the influence of targeting C5a on integrity of RPE
Methods: The experiments were performed using sodium iodate administered mice model and compared with control mice. Spectral domain OCT imaging was used to assess retinal loss. Histologic analysis of paraffin sections of both control and sodium iodate administered mouse retina was performed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Photoreceptor outer segment length and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) integrity were measured in horizontal sections along the temporalnasal axis of the mouse retina. Experimental data was analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test.
Results: Administration of antibodies to C5a and C5 complement proteins led to a significant reduction in retinal loss in sodium iodate administered mice compared to the group without administration of antibodies. Histological analysis revealed that retinal degeneration was significantly minimized in mice administered with antibodies to C5a and C5 compared to the control group. There was a significant improvement in length of photoreceptor outer segment as well as RPE integrity in both central and [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract: 10
Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of Liposomal Doxorubicin Nanotherapeutics for Glioblastoma Treatment.
Author(s): Jonathan Abraham, Cameron Twitchell, Peter Broni Darkwah, and Robert Campbell
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Robert Campbell
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common aggressive primary brain tumor, with a median survival of 12–15 months despite surgical resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy. Treatment efficacy is limited by the blood–brain barrier, tumor heterogeneity, drug resistance, and systemic toxicity. Nanotherapeutics have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance drug delivery, reduce off-target effects, and overcome physiological barriers.
Methods: This literature review summarized doxorubicin-loaded nanotherapeutics for GBM. Preclinical and clinical trials were evaluated for therapeutic impact, and toxicity. Sources were found using Boolean operators, “nanoparticle”, “doxorubicin”, “glioblastoma multiforme”, in the database PubMed.
Results: Formulations were characterized by their composition, drug loading, and liposomal size. Notably, ApoE-functionalized polymersomes achieved 3.6-fold greater cellular uptake vs. Lipo-DOX with a median survival of 44 days in tumor-bearing mice, and glutathione pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (2B3-101) achieved 4-fold higher brain retention vs. standard pegylated liposomes.
Discussion: Phase I/II trials of liposomal doxorubicin report minimal toxicity and improvements in progression-free and overall survival relative to standard postoperative therapy. A Phase II trial combining Caelyx with temozolomide achieved 6-month PFS of 58% (vs. historical 40%) and median odds of survival (OS) of 13.4 months (vs. 10-month benchmark), and radiolabeled Caelyx demonstrated 13–19-fold higher accumulation in glioblastoma tissue vs. normal brain.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: These results underscore the potential of liposomal doxorubicin in GBM treatment and support further optimization for clinical applications. The consistent finding across both preclinical and clinical studies, efficient drug targeting in brain tumors with low systemic toxicity, highlights the promise of nanoparticle platforms for GBM.
Abstract:
11
Leadership and
Innovation
in ICE: A Student-Led Initiative Addressing Health Inequities for the Unhoused
Author(s): Katie Taglieri-Noble, Jessica Rydingsward, Janna Kucharski-Howard, Rachael Swenson, Megan McKenney, Rachel Prendergast-Tombeno, Candace John, Caitlin Patterson, and Durreshahvar Naqvi
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Katie Taglieri-Noble
Program/School: Physical Therapy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): South Middlesex Opportunity Council (SMOC)
Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this presentation is to share an innovative model of integrated clinical education through a student-run, pro bono physical therapy clinic serving individuals experiencing homelessness. Designed within a DPT program, the initiative aims to bridge gaps between underserved populations and future healthcare providers while promoting student autonomy, service learning, and health equity. Attendees will gain insight into program design, student learning outcomes, interprofessional collaboration, and curriculum-level changes, equipping them with practical strategies to implement similar models in their own institutions.
Methods: Second-year physical therapy students led the development and implementation of the clinic under faculty supervision. Students collaborated with community partners to identify needs, designed program structure, procure equipment, developed documentation systems, and managed logistical aspects of care delivery. During clinical encounters, students assessed and addressed health concerns across multiple body systems including musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, pulmonary, integumentary, digestive, and endocrine. Students also engaged in interprofessional collaboration with onsite EMT, physicians, and social workers to promote holistic, patient-centered care. Faculty served as mentors throughout the process, guiding student decision-making, reflective practice, and development of programmatic assessment tools.
Results: Students demonstrated increased autonomy, clinical reasoning, and advocacy skills while addressing diverse participant health needs. Reflections from both students and clinic participants highlighted meaningful learning experiences and improved engagement with healthcare resources.
Discussion: This model highlights the value of integrated clinical education in combining experiential learning with service to underserved populations. Student leadership in clinic development and care delivery promoted clinical reasoning, autonomy, and advocacy while increasing awareness of social determinants of health [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract:
12
A Literature Review. Bridging the Gap: The Optometrist's Role in Diabetic Retinopathy Screening, Health Disparities, and Interprofessional Collaboration.
Author(s): Noor Sajid and Lawrence Baitch
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Lawrence Baitch
Program/School: Optometry, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: According to the CDC, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of preventable blindness in adults in America. The ADA and AAO recommend annual dilated fundus examinations for diabetic patients; however, screening rates remain low in underserved populations. This review examines the public health toll of DR, social determinants influencing screening disparities, and the role of interprofessional collaboration in early detection.
Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, supplemented by guidelines from the AOA, AAO, and ADA. Sources were within the last 10 years. Key terms: diabetic retinopathy, screening disparities, interprofessional collaboration, social determinants of health, and optometry.
Results: The literature identified significant barriers to DR screening, including lower SES, racial and ethnic minority status, lack of insurance, and low health literacy disproportionately affecting disadvantaged communities. Evidence supports bidirectional referrals for improving screening rates and patient outcomes. Many DR patients access healthcare but miss annual eye exams with an optometrist.
Discussion: Increasing awareness of the vital role optometrists play among students in allied health fields is an essential step to close the gap. MCPHS Worcester trains future leaders across optometry, nursing, pharmacy, PA, PT, OT, dental hygiene, acupuncture, and sonography.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: Optometrists serve an essential role in the health system but are systemically underutilized specially for diabetic patients from vulnerable communities. Strengthening bidirectional referrals across different health professionals will positively influence public health strategies for reducing health disparities. The first step is to increase awareness in professional education across all MCPHS Worcester health professional programs. Together, efforts supporting an effective collaborative [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract:
13
A Preclinical and clinical evaluation into the development of liposomal doxorubicin for breast cancer treatment
Author(s): Harrison Adami-Sampson, Sejla Aganbegovic, Bridget Gibbons and Robert Campbell
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Robert Campbell
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Breast cancer, one of the most common cancer diagnoses in the US, represents 15.5% of all new cases. Therefore, the development of efficacious treatment must be explored to aid in the recovery of this population. Doxorubicin, a first-line chemotherapeutic anthracycline known for its anti-tumor efficacy and cytotoxic adverse reactions.
Methods: A literature review using Pubmed was conducted with key terms: breast cancer and liposomes and Doxorubicin to assess advancements in liposomal nanoparticle drug delivery systems in treating breast cancer within the last decade.
Results: In Xiu et. al, hyaluronic acid loaded liposomal Dox favorably modified the tumor microenvironment and increased tumor drug uptake by 288% compared to conventional Dox liposomes. In Lai et. al, degradable liposomes covered with macrophage membrane containing Dox and Tetrandrine showed increased tumor inhibition by 60%, along with decreased damage to organ systems. In Ghandhariyouna et. al, forkhead box M1 aptamer incorporated into a Dox liposome significantly lower tumor volume, increased survival, and decreased body weight changes compared to free Dox of the same concentration. As seen in Gu et. al, 1,7-Heptonediol loaded into liposomes alongside Dox reduced adverse reactions and increased anti-tumor efficacy compared to conventional Dox liposomes. In An et al, showed that apolipoprotein-modified liposome formulations increased circulation time, and suppressed tumor growth by 79% compared to control, without significant weight loss.
Discussion: These findings suggest liposomes are highly effective in targeting tumors.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: In summary, liposomes overwhelmingly decreased tumor size, improved drug circulation profiles, reduced off-target drug accumulation, and unwanted toxicities.
Abstract: 14
Association of
Tumor
HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) Expression with Overall Survival in Pancreatic Cancer: An Exploratory Analysis
Author(s): Taehoon Ha, Kawther Abdilleh, Radu Tanasa and Jean Noel Billaud, and George Acquaah‑Mensah
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: George Acquaah‑Mensah
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): PANCAN
Purpose/Hypothesis: Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death. A hallmark of pancreatic cancer is a metabolic re-programming which includes alterations in cholesterol metabolism and the mevalonate pathway. Dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism has been implicated in growth and progression of tumor, however, the association between patient survival and HMGCR expression in pancreatic cancer yet remains uncertain and lack of characterization. In this study, we characterize the relationship between expression of the HMGCR gene in pancreatic cancer and overall survival.
Methods: The Pancreatic Cancer Action Network’s Know Your Tumor dataset was interrogated. Using clinical and transcriptomic data, analyses were performed using the Panomics analytics platform. Patients with available tumor HMGCR expression data and overall survival data were included.
Cohorts were divided from tumor histology categories including adenocarcinoma and infiltrating duct carcinoma which were the predominant pancreatic tumor subtypes in the dataset. By utilizing Panomics analytics platform, association between expression of HMGCR and patient survival days were assessed using Pearson and Spearman correlation.
Results: Correlation analysis demonstrated a significant negative association between tumor HMGCR expression and overall survival (Pearson r = −0.204, p = 0.00031; Spearman ρ = −0.166, p = 0.0036). Linear regression analysis further confirmed that higher HMGCR expression significantly predicted reduced survival duration.
Discussion: Elevated HMGCR gene expression was statistically significantly associated with decreased overall survival.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: This supports the hypothesis that cholesterol dysregulation/ metabolism contribute to pancreatic cancer progression and decrease survival days.
Abstract:
15
AI collection of growth measurements in Pisum sativum: A plant-based nonanimal model (NAM) drug assay
Author(s): Nathaniel George, Emily Pham, Jackson Elliott, Sofia Magitteri, Serli Khanbabaei, Joseph Dos, Chloe Flibbert, Prem Patel, Desiree Rodriguez Acevedo, Yeon Kim, Christine Onyango, Eric Roebuck, George Acquaah-Mensah, and Matthew Metcalf
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Matthew Metcalf
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: To develop an AI method of collecting, expanding and analyzing the data generated in a plant based, animal replacement novel approach methodology (NAM).
Methods: Pea seedling exposure to varying concentrations of NSAIDs or auxins compared to control was captured using a timelapse photography over 7 days. Key plant characteristics were manually segmented using itk-SNAP to create an AI image training library. The dataset was used to train a two-dimensional nnU-Net segmentation model, which automatically optimized network architecture, preprocessing, and training parameters. Model performance was evaluated using cross-validation, and segmentation accuracy across all classes as measured by Dice similarity coefficients. The trained model was applied to large time-series imaging datasets consisting of thousands of plant images collected during growth experiments.
Results: The model achieved a mean Dice coefficient of 0.93 ± 0.02 across segmentation classes and was applied to analyze 9,997 experimental images. Automated inference enabled rapid segmentation of plant structures at a throughput of approximately twenty seconds per image, allowing quantitative analysis of nearly ten thousand images in a single computational run.
Discussion: N/A
Implications and Clinical Relevance: The high Dice score obtained from the current training image library shows promising results towards creating a fully automated quantitative analysis pipeline. The model now allows quantifications to be computed from the segmentation outputs like shoot and root length, number of leaves, etc… eliminating the need for hand measurements and expanding the analysis to include rates over time. Overall, AI automation is a viable method for improving NAMs.
Abstract:
16
Novel Irinotecan-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Insights from In Vivo and Clinical Studies
Author(s): Robert Campbell, Michael Segarra, and Sana Shah
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Robert Campbell
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: An extensive literature database search was conducted to identify various in vivo studies used to evaluate drug delivery systems for pancreatic cancer.
Methods: The following databases were used to find clinically relevant articles: PubMed and Scopus. Studies employing different drug delivery systems with irinotecan and in vivo studies, limited to pancreatic cancer models, were reviewed and considered for inclusion.
Results: Nanotechnology‑based irinotecan delivery systems offer a promising strategy to address the limitations of conventional chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer. Encapsulation of irinotecan within nanoliposomal carriers improves drug stability, prolongs circulation time, and enhances tumor‑specific delivery of its active metabolite, SN-38. Current research supports liposomal irinotecan as a rational approach for treating pancreatic cancer. Evidence suggests that its effectiveness is driven by passive accumulation in tumors and active targeting cancer cells. More recent strategies, including photoactivation, stromal modulation, and ultrasound-triggered release, have improved delivery to resistant tumor tissue, increasing drug retention and enhancing the ability to overcome multidrug resistance. Preclinical studies showed that nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) enhanced tumor penetration, increase drug retention, and resulted in a decrease in off‑target toxicity compared to free drug.
Discussion: These advantages have been translated into encouraging clinical results, with nal-IRI based regimens demonstrating manageable safety profiles and meaningful improvements in patient outcomes in combined therapy. However, there is a lack of clinical data on the use of modified nalIRI formulations, warranting further investigation.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: We summarized the results of in vivo and clinical studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using nal-IRI and its modified dosage formulations.
Abstract:
17
Grade 2 Hypertensive Retinopathy with Unusual C/D Ratio Progression
Author(s): Isabelle Dela Cruz, Gurtaj Dhami, and Angela Imperioli
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Angela Imperioli
Program/School: Optometry, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: The importance of routine comprehensive eye examinations in hypertensive patients, as subtle but clinically significant findings can be detected even in asymptomatic patients, allowing timely systemic risk management and appropriate interdisciplinary care.
Methods: A 58 y/o Caucasian female patient with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and GERD presented to the clinic for a comprehensive eye exam requesting to update her spectacle Rx. In office blood pressure was performed and the posterior segment was evaluated with fundus examination and RNFL OCT.
Results: Pertinent Findings:
- In-office BP: 124/86 mmHg
- Social Hx: Current cigarette use (~1 pack every 4–5 days)
- ON evaluation:
C/D: 0.5H/0.5V OU
Increased from 0.2H/0.2V OU from 1 year ago
- Fundus Evaluation: (+) bilateral arterial narrowing, (+) 4 bilateral A/V nicking, (+) bilateral broadening light reflex, (-) for retinal hemes, CWS, exudates, ON edema
Discussion: The fundus findings were consistent with Stage 2 hypertensive retinopathy according to the Keith-Wagener-Baker classification. Overall, this patient had good control of their hypertension, evident by mild retinal vasculature changes, good compliance to medications, and good BP control. Moreover, despite the drastic C/D change, the patient's optic nerve evaluation showed an intact, pink, and healthy rim and RNFL OCT findings did not look concerning for a glaucoma diagnosis.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: This case demonstrates subtle changes of hypertensive retinopathy in the posterior segment and an unusual change in optic nerve cupping over the course of a year. This patient may demonstrate an example of inter-examiner differences in C/D estimation.
Abstract: 18
Music Therapy & Acupuncture for PTSD
Author(s): Minxue Gao, Huixian Cao, Rachel Gevelber, and Stephen Cina
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Stephen Cina
Program/School: Acupuncture, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this literature review is to examine the existing research on music therapy and acupuncture for PTSD and examine the rationale for a future integrative treatment model combining both modalities. Both passive and active forms of music therapy were included. PTSD is a multidimensional disorder involving dysregulated arousal, fear, affect, sleep, somatic distress, and interpersonal functioning. Music therapy and acupuncture have each been explored as complementary approaches for PTSD, with promising but still limited evidence. However, at this time there has not been research examining the use of both acupuncture and music therapy together to help people with PTSD, so novel research in this area is necessary.
Methods: Literature on music therapy and acupuncture for PTSD was synthesized, with additional consideration of combined acupuncture-music studies in non-PTSD populations to identify conceptual and clinical overlap. Multiple publications that are referenced in this literature review evaluated the degree of improvement of PTSD symptoms by using metrics like the Clinically Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), changes in fear-conditioning extinction, and other evaluation systems.
Results: Music therapy may reduce PTSD symptoms and support emotional regulation, while acupuncture may improve PTSD symptoms, anxiety, depression, and sleep. No direct clinical studies were identified on their combined use for PTSD, although combined-modality studies in other populations suggest feasibility and potential benefit.
Discussion: The research findings indicate that both acupuncture and music therapy have been proven successful in helping people struggling with PTSD, however there are no studies that combine both modalities for PTSD.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: Although direct evidence is lacking, the overlap [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract: 19
Enhanced cellular uptake of nanoliposomes by low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma following the additional inclusion of cholesterol and cellular lipid derived from ovarian carcinoma cells
Author(s): Sofia Orlando, Krishna Panchal, Heer Patel, and Robert Campbell
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Robert Campbell
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (LGSOC) remains challenging to treat due to limited responsiveness to conventional chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to isolate cellular lipid extract (LE) from a model LGSOC cell line and utilize it to develop a relatively target-specific nanoliposomal system. Early formulation and in vitro studies include optimization for cholesterol and LE content.
Methods: The LGSOC cell line was cultured in EMEM supplemented with 10% FBS. LE was isolated from the cells at ~90% confluency and extraction was performed as described previously. Nanoliposomes consisting of DOPC, cholesterol, and LE at various ratios along with a fluorescent label were prepared using thin film hydration method. Following sonication, physicochemical properties were analyzed. Fluorescence detection was performed using a fluorescence microplate reader.
Results: Initial experiments included 0%, 5%, and 10% cholesterol at the expense of DOPC. Preliminary results suggested that the additional inclusion of cholesterol increased cellular uptake by target cell lines. Further experiments explored cellular targeting using DOPC liposomes containing 0%, 2%, 5%, and 10% LE. Including LE increased nanoliposome uptake by the target cell line, with diminished uptake observed by non-target cells compared to the DOPC control.
Discussion: The effect of cholesterol and LE incorporation into DOPC liposomes was evaluated. Furthermore, incorporation of LE was associated with increased nanoliposome uptake in the target cell line and reduced uptake in non-target cells.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: The inclusion of optimized cholesterol and optimized LE material in the nanoliposome preparations enhanced general targeting of low-grade ovarian carcinoma cells compared to control.
Abstract: 20
Chronotherapy in hypertension: An updated Bayesian meta-analysis of prospective randomized controlled trials comparing awakening and bedtime dosing effects on cardiovascular outcomes
Author(s): Krishna Panchal and Matthew Silva
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Matthew Silva
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: To evaluate whether bedtime vs morning antihypertensive dosing affects cardiovascular outcomes. Early trials (MAPEC, HYGIA) suggested large benefits with bedtime dosing, but recent trials (TIME, BEDMED) did not confirm these findings.
Methods: Systematic review of randomized controlled trials comparing bedtime vs morning dosing. Outcomes included all-cause mortality (ACM), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), stroke, and heart failure (HF). Frequentist and Bayesian random-effects meta-analyses were performed, reporting odds ratios with 95% confidence and credible intervals.
Results: Four RCTs (n=45,701; follow-up 4.6–6.3 years) were included. Frequentist analysis showed no significant reduction in ACM [0.70 (0.46–1.07)] or ACS [0.80 (0.59–1.09)], but suggested lower stroke and HF risk [0.65 (0.44–0.96); 0.59 (0.43–0.80)]. Bayesian analysis showed no differences in ACM, ACS, stroke, or HF [0.70 (0.40–1.16); 0.80 (0.05–1.24); 0.64 (0.31–1.19); 0.57 (0.26–1.07)]. Excluding MAPEC and HYGIA eliminated apparent benefit. Bayesian ranking suggested possible benefit in non-dippers (SUCRA 54.4%–94.6%).
Discussion: Inconsistency between frequentist and Bayesian models in this meta-analysis suggest that both morning and bedtime dosing are acceptable strategies for antihypertensive therapy.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: Clinical focus should remain on safety and consistent medication adherence rather than chronotherapy approaches. Pharmacists, among other clinicians, offer risk-benefit assessments and help individualize treatments for each patient. Ongoing trials in those with elevated overnight blood pressure may further inform these findings.
Abstract: 21
Comparative Effectiveness of Once-Weekly Basal Insulins vs. Daily Glargine U100 in Type 2 Diabetes: A Bayesian Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Author(s): Sherri McLamb, Amanda Cuello, Kimberly Forbes, Alyssa Reis, and Matthew Silva
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Matthew Silva
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): Sanofi
Purpose/Hypothesis: To compare the efficacy and safety of once-weekly basal insulins (icodec, efsitora) versus once-daily insulins (glargine, degludec) in insulin-naïve adults with type 2 diabetes, focusing on glycemic control, weight, and hypoglycemia.
Methods: Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of phase 3 RCTs (QWINT-1, QWINT-2, ONWARDS-1, ONWARDS-2). Eligible trials included insulin-naïve adults with type 2 diabetes treated for 52 weeks. Outcomes included HbA1c, weight change, and clinically significant hypoglycemia. Risk of bias was assessed (RoB), and data were analyzed using pairwise and network meta-analysis with SUCRA probability rankings.
Results: Four trials with low risk of bias formed a connected evidence network. Participants had a mean age in the late 50s, BMI around 30 to 31 kg/m², diabetes duration of approximately 12 years, and baseline HbA1c near 8.1 to 8.2%. Glycemic efficacy was similar across all agents, with mean HbA1c differences versus glargine of approximately −0.03% and comparable SUCRA rankings for icodec and efsitora. Weight outcomes differed, with degludec and efsitora associated with less than 1 kg change, while icodec showed greater than 1 kg increase relative to glargine. Hypoglycemia risk was reduced with degludec versus glargine in pairwise analyses, although Bayesian models suggested similar odds across agents. SUCRA rankings favored degludec for hypoglycemia risk, with lower ranking for efsitora.
Discussion: Once-weekly basal insulins demonstrated non-inferior glycemic control compared with daily insulins, with clinically relevant differences in weight and hypoglycemia. These trade-offs highlight the importance of individualized selection, particularly when considering adherence and patient preference related to injection burden.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: Once-weekly basal insulins provide comparable glycemic efficacy [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract: 22
Pharm-Drive: AI-Powered
Platform for Translating Marketing Content Updates Into Sales Alignment
Author(s): Chloe Flibbert and Matthew Silva
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Matthew Silva
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this project is to develop an open-source, AI-powered platform that enhances workforce efficiency and communication by automatically detecting, summarizing, and translating complex marketing, medical, and regulatory content updates into concise, sales-friendly insights. This innovation aims to improve communication and compliance across cross-functional teams in the pharmaceutical industry, while equipping sales teams with timely, actionable messaging to enforce in the field.
Methods: An AI-powered platform was designed using Python and OpenAI natural language processing models. The workflow included: (1) Document ingestion supporting Word, PDF, and PowerPoint formats; (2) Text extraction and change detection using Python libraries (python-docx, pdfplumber, difflib); (3) AI summarization with large language models to generate plain-language descriptions of regulatory, clinical, and promotional updates; (4) Sales translation layer producing tailored summaries highlighting implications for field engagement; and (5) Cross-functional collaboration tools including a dashboard with role-based access, automated change logs, and notification integrations. Development followed agile cycles, with testing of extraction accuracy, summary clarity, and usability through mock document updates. Open-source repository documentation included technical setup, system architecture, and contribution guidelines to promote transparency and reproducibility.
Results: The prototype successfully processed multiple document formats, identified key differences between versions, and produced concise AI-generated summaries. Sales-oriented summaries emphasized relevance to field engagement, while audit-ready logs ensured compliance. Testing demonstrated improved communication efficiency by reducing miscommunications and minimizing manual review effort. Evaluation of results confirmed that automatic change detection and tailored messaging enhanced usability compared to manual version control.
Discussion: This project demonstrates the feasibility of an AI-enabled platform to support workforce [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract: 23
A modular lipid-based oral drug delivery system for precision combination chemotherapy in breast cancer
Author(s): Shailvi Soni and Terrick Andey
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Terrick Andey
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Treatment options often include chemotherapy, which involves the use of highly potent but toxic medications that can cause severe adverse reactions, further worsening the patient’s condition and, in some cases, leading to fatal outcomes. Additionally, oral delivery of chemotherapeutic agents is limited by poor bioavailability, arising from the harsh acidic and enzymatic environment of the gastrointestinal tract, low oral absorption, and extensive hepatic firstpass metabolism, which contribute to the significant toxicity and reduce therapeutic efficiency associated with conventional chemotherapies.
This study aimed to develop and evaluate a mannosamine-modified, freeze-dried self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) capable of co-delivering chemotherapeutic agents to enhance oral absorption and improve targeted delivery for breast cancer treatment.
Methods: Four SEDDS formulations were optimized and prepared using varying ratios of Labrasol, Capryol 90, Labrafac PG, and Gellucire 44/14. Primary water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions containing ellipticine were dispersed into an external aqueous phase containing doxorubicin and mannosamine to form water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) double emulsions under passive mixing. Formulations were subsequently freeze-dried to yield solid, dispersible SEDDS. The formulations were characterized for particle size, polydispersity index, stability, and morphology (SEM). Thermal behavior (DSC, XRD), drug release profile (in vitro Dissolution), permeation (MDCK cell line), and cellular uptake (MDAMB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cell lines) were also assessed.
Results: Optimized surfactant-to-oil ratios (1:9 and 2:8 aqueous-to-oil phase ratios) produced stable primary and double emulsions suitable for SEDDS development. Microscopy confirmed triphasic w/o/w structures with internal aqueous droplets encapsulated within a lipid phase and surrounded by an external aqueous phase. Freeze-dried SEDDS demonstrated particle sizes between 190–587 [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract:
24
Evaluation of Phospholipid Helper Lipids, Optimized Synthetic Cationic Lipids, and Lipid Extracts derived from Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Improving NanoFormulation Drug Effects
Author(s): Shivmani Barve and Robert Campbell
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Robert Campbell
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Lipid Nanoparticles (LNPs) have been established as excellent vehicles for drug delivery for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). The optimization of lipid ratios of cationic lipids and helper lipids like Phosphatidylcholine and Phosphoethanolamine governs the LNPs' selectivity. Furthermore, the incorporation of lipid extracts (LE) derived from target cell membranes has been used to improve targeting. In this study, we investigate the cellular interactions of LNPs consisting of phospholipids with different combinations of cationic lipids and LE using a CML cell line.
Methods: LNPs were prepared using the thin film hydration method. Phase I compared the cellular uptake of LNPs, substituting four cationic lipids at varying concentrations with helper lipids DOPC or DOPE. Phase II investigated the cellular uptake of LNPs after inclusion of LE at various concentrations by target and non-target cell lines and the subsequent drug effects.
Results: Overall, the cellular uptake was approximately 250% higher for optimized cationic LNPs compared to the control in Phase I. In Phase II, the inclusion of CML cell-derived LE in the cationic LNPs led to selective uptake by the target (CML) cell and decreased uptake by control cells. LEmodified LNPs displayed selective targeting and superior nano-formulation drug effects.
Discussion: Inclusion of CML-LE in LNPs caused greater cytotoxicity against target cells while causing no additional off-target drug effects.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: Results revealed that cellular uptake of LNPs depends largely on the optimum ratio of the cationic lipid to the helper lipid type, and that inclusion of LE leads to superior targeting.
Abstract: 25
Utilization of AI for the creation of medicinal chemistry illustrations
Author(s): Cindy Nguyen and Matthew Metcalf
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Matthew Metcalf
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: AI-generated visual content reflecting medicinal chemistry topics will improve understanding and retention to improve application skills in pharmacy students compared to the current study methods.
Methods: Using Flow (Google) and the tools within (Nano Banana 2 and Veo 3.1), static content was produced by exploration of various prompt strategies. Static content was then assessed for accuracy and utilized as input for dynamic short-form videos.
Results: Various prompt strategies are still being assessed, with the addition of hand-drawn structures to increase accuracy and simplicity.
Discussion: The results thus far suggest that generative AI tools have the ability to translate medicinal chemistry topics with the optimization of appropriate prompts. The most successful strategy thus far is similar to a 'story boarding' method, where static images are used to generate dynamic content.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: This project highlights the value of integrating generative AI tools into the learning process of foundation medicinal chemistry topics, promoting both understanding and clinical application. In a technology-driven healthcare landscape, the integration of these tools can be relevant earlier on in the training of pharmacy students to reinforce key knowledge.
Abstract: 26
Refractive Error as a Rehabilitative Tool in Retinitis Pigmentosa: Leveraging High Myopia for Functional Magnification
Author(s): Jaanani
Sivarasacumar
and Kathryn Deliso
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Kathryn Deliso
Program/School: Optometry, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a progressive inherited retinal degeneration affecting approximately 1 in 4,000 individuals worldwide (Suleman, 2025). While management typically focuses on external low vision aids, this case explores the novel concept of utilizing a patient’s high myopia as an intrinsic magnification strategy to enhance functional vision.
Methods: A 67-year-old male presented for low vision evaluation with entering visual acuities of 20/800 OD and 20/1600 OS. Refraction revealed OD –13.00 –1.75 ×180 and OS –16.50 –3.50 ×160, improving acuity to 20/400 OD and 20/500 OS. Confrontation visual fields demonstrated temporal loss OS. Contrast sensitivity was significantly reduced (OD 0.6, OS 0.4). Fundus examination showed classic RP findings, including attenuated vessels, bone spicule pigmentation, and waxy optic disc pallor.
Results: The patient was classified as Category 3 visual impairment OU secondary to RP with associated myopic degeneration and severe contrast loss. In addition to conventional low vision devices (CCTV, handheld magnifier, and 4× telescope), a refractive strategy was implemented that selectively leveraged the patient’s high uncorrected myopia to provide near magnification for taskspecific activities.
Discussion: Rather than fully correcting refractive error, the patient’s phakic high myopia was utilized as a built-in optical magnifier, improving near task performance while reducing dependence on external devices. This approach reframes high myopia from a comorbidity to a potential rehabilitative asset in select low vision patients.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: Incorporating refractive error into low vision rehabilitation may offer a novel, individualized strategy to enhance functional vision, particularly in highly myopic patients with RP.
Abstract: 27
Same Burden, Different Path: Differential Pathway Enrichment in BRAF-Mutant versus Wild-Type Tumors
Author(s): Carmen Cen Zhen and George Acquaah-Mensah
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: George Acquaah-Mensah
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: High Tumor Mutational Burden (TMB) typically correlates with positive immunotherapy outcomes, yet its biological impact varies by genotype. This study investigates how BRAF mutations influence the molecular response to high TMB, aiming to identify genotype-specific vulnerabilities for personalized oncology.
Methods: Clinical samples were analyzed using DNA Nexus and Panomics platforms and grouped by BRAF status (Mutant vs. Wild type) and TMB levels (High vs. Low). Pathway enrichment was performed with Reactome, using an absolute p-value threshold of <2.5. Differential expression and clustering were visualized with volcano plots, heatmaps, and Principal Component Analysis.
Results: BRAF status significantly reshapes the tumor response to high mutational burden. In wildtype tumors, high-TMB enrichment involved developmental cell lineages and mitochondrial protein degradation. BRAF-mutant tumors exhibited unique enrichment in SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting and neurotransmitter release cycles for serotonin and acetylcholine. These findings suggest BRAF mutations drive reliance on specialized proteostatic and neuroendocrine-like pathways rather than standard metabolic adaptations.
Discussion: BRAF status acts as a biological "switch." While wild-type tumors rely on mitochondrial stress responses to handle mutational load, mutants develop specialized proteostatic adaptations, such as SRP-dependent targeting, to manage genetic "noise." Thus, TMB should not be evaluated in isolation, as genotype dictates functional vulnerabilities.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrates that the biological signature of high TMB is highly dependent on the BRAF genotype. The next phase of this research will utilize Cytoscape and R coding to map these pathways into functional gene networks. To ensure clinical strong, future models will integrate confounding variables including age/gender, and prior treatment history to differentiate [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract: 28
Prenatal Exposure to Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) Treatment and Impact on Long-term Child Development
Author(s): Savannah Kangas, Mahima Patel, Hannah Kessler, and Evan Horton
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Evan Horton
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Use of buprenorphine, methadone, naltrexone and buprenorphine-naloxone are common in mothers with opioid use disorder (OUD). While many studies have examined the effects of OUD treatment on children through hospital discharge, few have followed into early childhood, and those studies that have focused primarily on cognitive effects. The long-term impact of prenatal exposure on child development has not been studied. The rise in opioid use in the US has highlighted the negative effect of prenatal exposure to OUD treatment. This research aims to identify the longterm developmental impact on children caused by prenatal OUD treatment exposure.
Methods: A search including the phrase, "buprenorphine naloxone pediatric development” was performed on PubMed. Eighteen articles were produced when the publication date was limited to 2015-2025. Sixteen articles were omitted for not being relevant to our study question while two articles were included. Another PubMed search of, “prenatal exposure to methadone and childhood development outcomes” was performed resulting in 29 results published between 2015-2025. Twenty-seven articles were excluded because their inclusion criteria and outcomes were not what we wanted, but two articles from that search were included . Our third PubMed search included, “children born to women in opioid maintenance treatment and child problems” resulted in 11 articles from 2015-20215. Only one article was chosen while the other 10 were excluded as they were looking at outcomes that did not include overall development. The final search on PubMed was, “fetal exposure to maternal opioid maintenance treatment” which resulted in 46 articles published between 2015-2025. Only one article was included as two others were already included, and the other 43 articles did not relate to our research question. In total, six articles fit our research perimeters and were included.
Results: Of the six articles that were included, three followed the children for one year, while single articles followed for two years, three years, and until the children were eight years old. Two studies focused on methadone use vs non-methadone use. Levine et al. found that a third of methadoneexposed children experienced motor delay and half experienced cognitive delays at two years. Sarfi et al reported that parent-reported child behavior problems increased from ages 4.5-8 years, while unexposed children at that age showed a decrease in behavioral problems. Kaltenback et al. compared methadone vs buprenorphine, finding no developmental differences between the two. Kanervo et al, 2025 looked at intrauterine exposure to buprenorphine plus or minus naloxone or methadone, revealing that at least 38% of children had one chronic condition. Kanervo et al, 2024 showed that children on buprenorphine experienced stunted growth for two months, returning to normal by their second birthday, while those on methadone were slimmer, shorter, and head growth was significantly slower. Mantri et al. showed that naltrexone exposure was linked to worse attention, regulation, arousal, and excitability in the first month after birth compared to buprenorphine-naloxone group and continued at the 4-6 week and one-year check in [abstract truncated at 250 words]
Abstract: 29
Cholesterol Depletion Enhances Nanoliposomal Uptake Across Diverse Melanoma Cell Lines.
Author(s): Shrey
Patel, Bilal Habibeh, Francielle Mourisso, Anna Kleckerova, and Robert Campbell
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Robert Campbell
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate how varying cholesterol content in nanoliposomal formulations influences cellular uptake across multiple uveal melanoma cell lines (MP41, MP38, and MP46). The study aimed to determine whether reducing cholesterol in liposomal membranes enhances selective uptake by malignant melanoma cells while minimizing uptake in nonmalignant peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
Methods: Human uveal melanoma cell lines MP41, MP38, and MP46 were cultured under standard conditions and incubated with DPPE-rhodamine–labeled nanoliposomes containing 0%, 5%, 10%,or 20% molar cholesterol substituted for DOPC. Cells were exposed to nanoliposomes for 60 minutes at 37 °C with oscillation. Cellular uptake was quantified using fluorescence microplate analysis, while cell count, viability, and growth inhibition were assessed using Quad Count™. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were included as a non-malignant comparator.
Results: Cholesterol-free DOPC nanoliposomes demonstrated the highest cellular uptake across all uveal melanoma cell lines evaluated. Uptake consistently decreased as cholesterol content increased, with similar trends observed in MP41, MP38, and MP46 cells. In contrast, PBMCs exhibited minimal nanoliposomal uptake, with no statistically significant differences between cholesterol- free and cholesterol-containing formulations. These findings suggest selective nanoliposome internalization by uveal melanoma cells.
Discussion: Reduced cholesterol content significantly enhances nanoliposomal uptake across multiple uveal melanoma cell lines. Cholesterol-free DOPC formulations demonstrated consistent and selective internalization in malignant cells while sparing normal PBMCs. Modulation of cholesterol content in nanoliposomal systems may improve tumor targeting and therapeutic delivery in uveal melanoma.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: These findings demonstrate that cholesterol composition plays a critical role in regulating nanoliposomal uptake in uveal melanoma cells. Reduced cholesterol content in liposomal membranes significantly enhances intracellular delivery across multiple melanoma cell lines while maintaining minimal uptake in non-malignant PBMCs. This suggests that cholesterol modulation may be an effective strategy to optimize liposomal drug delivery systems for selective tumor targeting.
Abstract: 30
Growth profile characterization and cellular uptake of SU-CCS-1 lipid extractmodified nanoliposomes using a cellular model of clear cell sarcoma
Author(s): Abigail Chan, Ashley Silva, Charlotte Bouchard, Simoun Banoud, and Robert Campbell
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Robert Campbell
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Sarcomas account for approximately 1% of adult cancers and 15% of childhood cancers in the United States. Conventional treatment options have shown clinical benefit(s) during early disease, but once metastasized, treatment success significantly declines. Nanomedicine presents an alternative approach to improve overall clinical outcomes. Optimization of liposomal preparations is essential to ensure the most selective targeting. The objective of the study was to develop a nanoliposomal drug delivery system for clear cell sarcoma.
Methods: The SU-CCS-1 cell line was selected as the cellular model for cellular characterization and drug selectivity studies. SU-CCS-1 cells were cultured and expanded in vitro for cellular extraction purposes. Cellular lipid extract (LE) material was derived from a clear cell sarcoma target (SU-CCS1) cell line. Nanoliposomes were optimized for LE and cholesterol content. DPPE-Rhodamine (used as a fluorescence indicator) for cellular uptake studies, and a fluorescence microplate reader was used to assess relative fluorescence intensity values. Phase I of evaluation included characterization of cells and cellular uptake properties of nanoliposomal preparations of DOPC and cholesterol consisting of 0, 5, and 10 mol% cholesterol content. To characterize the cellular growth characteristics, separate flasks were prepared with either 100% adherent or 100% suspension cells acquired from a mature mixed cell population. The percentage of adherent and suspension cells was determined on Day 0 and Day 5.
Results: An evaluation of growth profile characteristics of the SU-CCS-1 target cell line revealed a substantial transformation of suspension cells to adherent cells over time. While the flask of 100% adherent cells remained 72% adherent after 5 days, the flask of 100% suspension cells transformed to become 59% adherent after 5 days. The particle size for nanoliposomes containing 0, 5, and 10 mol% cholesterol was 283 nm, 139.9 nm, and 247 nm, respectively. Additionally, the inclusion of 5 mol% SU-CCS-1-LE and 10 mol% cholesterol increased uptake of nanoliposomes compared to DOPC control preparations (without SU-CCS-1-LE). Dual incorporation of cholesterol and SU-CCS-1-LE increased uptake as well.
Discussion: Findings suggest that the DOPC:cholesterol ratio and DOPC:LE ratio affect nanoliposome uptake by SU-CCS-1 cells. The inclusion of SU-CCS-1-LE and cholesterol in nanoliposomes enhanced their targeting efficiency. Incorporation of SU-CCS-1-LE increased uptake by SU-CCS-1 cells without increasing uptake in healthy bone marrow cells.
Implications and Clinical Relevance: These findings support the potential of lipid extract-modified nanoliposomes as a targeted drug delivery strategy for clear cell sarcoma. By improving uptake in sarcoma cells while avoiding increased uptake in healthy bone marrow cells, this approach may enhance therapeutic selectivity and reduce off-targeting. Further optimization and evaluation may improve current treatment options.
Abstract: 31
Reducing Pregnancy-Related Venous Thromboembolism Risk Among African American Women Through Prenatal Education in Worcester County
Author(s): Shivangi Pastagia, Oula Sassine, Davina Erbynn, Noor Ali Alfahdawe, Ho Yoon, Carrie Graham, and Colleen Massey
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Colleen Massey
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: Pulmonary embolism remains a serious and potentially preventable complication during pregnancy. In Massachusetts, African American women experience higher rates of severe maternal morbidity, including pregnancy related complications such as venous thromboembolism (VTE). One challenge is that symptoms of VTE, such as shortness of breath or leg swelling, can closely resemble normal pregnancy changes. As a result, warning signs may be overlooked and care may be delayed. The purpose of this project is to develop a structured prenatal education program aimed at improving awareness of VTE risk factors and warning signs among African American women in Worcester County. The goal is to design a program that could realistically be integrated into routine prenatal care and help patients feel more confident recognizing when symptoms need medical attention.
Methods: A needs assessment was conducted by reviewing Massachusetts maternal morbidity data, state public health reports, and published literature on pregnancy associated VTE. State level data continue to show disparities in severe maternal morbidity, including thrombotic embolism, among African American women. Using this information, a clinic-based education program was developed and guided by the Health Belief Model. A basic logic model was also used to outline the program’s resources, activities, expected outputs, and anticipated outcomes. The program is designed to be delivered at two to three prenatal clinics in Worcester County and incorporated into routine prenatal visits. The education session includes: Discussion of why pregnancy increases clotting risk, Review of common risk factors such as cesarean delivery and limited mobility, Clear explanation of the difference between common pregnancy discomfort and emergency warning signs, Step by step guidance on what to do if symptoms occur. Participants complete brief pre and post session surveys to measure changes in knowledge. Symptom reminder cards are given to reinforce education outside the clinic.
Results: This project resulted in the development of a structured prenatal education program designed to be implemented in community based prenatal clinics. The program includes provider training materials, patient education tools, and measurable objectives, including a goal of improving knowledge scores by at least 25%. It was intentionally structured to fit within routine prenatal visits to support long term use.
Discussion: The needs assessment confirmed that pregnancy related venous thromboembolism which includes pulmonary embolism, remains an important contributor to maternal health disparities in Massachusetts. Because symptoms can often be mistaken for normal pregnancy changes, patients may delay seeking care. Improving awareness and confidence in recognizing warning signs may help address this challenge. This program was designed to help address these gaps in a practical and supportive way that is culturally appropriate for the population it serves.
Abstract: 32
Opioids are a Double-Edge Sword in Chronic Pain Treatment: Education to Prevent Misuse
Author(s): Beverly Appiah, Isaac Agyemang, Mai Morad, Mohammed Alsammrraie, and Carrie Graham
Faculty Advisor/Principal Investigator: Carrie Graham
Program/School: Pharmacy, Worcester MA
Affiliate(s): N/A
Purpose/Hypothesis: To develop a community-based educational initiative designed to prevent opioid misuse among adults aged 25 or older receiving treatment for chronic, non-cancer pain in Worcester, MA.
Methods: Opioid medications are commonly prescribed for the management of chronic non-cancer pain; however, their use presents a significant public health challenge due to the risk of misuse, dependence, and overdose. According to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health, there were 2,125 opioid-related overdose deaths statewide in 2023, representing a 10% decrease from 2,357 deaths in 2022, although the rate remains high at 30.2 deaths per 100,000 residents in Worcester County. In Worcester County, opioid-related deaths totaled 331 in 2022 and decreased to 278 deaths in 2023, indicating a 16% decline but still reflecting a substantial burden of opioid misuse in the region. Therefore, targeted educational interventions are necessary to reduce opioid-related harm and empower patients to make informed decisions regarding their pain management. To address this need, an evidence-based intervention to improve knowledge, promote safe pain management strategies, and increase awareness of overdose prevention resources was developed. Pharmacists, as medication experts, will play a central role in program implementation. A needs assessment will be conducted using a survey-based approach targeting individuals aged 25 years and older who are receiving opioid therapy. Surveys will be distributed at pain management clinics and community health centers to collect information on patient knowledge, perceptions, behaviors related to opioid use, and awareness of naloxone. A secondary analysis of state and national public health databases will be used to identify trends in opioid exposure, misuse patterns, and overdose risk within the community. Pharmacists will play a central role by identifying and recruiting participants, reviewing the Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP), and providing counseling on safe opioid use and overdose prevention, including naloxone education. Participants will meet one-on-one with a pharmacist every two months while prescribed opioids and monthly for six months after discontinuation. The Rx-OOKS survey will be administered during the first and final sessions to assess knowledge of prescription opioids and naloxone. Educational content will be shared through social media, and bilingual monthly Q&A sessions will support community engagement.
Results: The primary result is the development of a program to prevent opioid misuse among an adult population in Worcester, MA. This program aims to reduce opioid-related harm by improving education and awareness and providing naloxone and overdose prevention counseling services. Program effectiveness will be evaluated through the Rx-OOKS survey and engagement metrics such as social media reach and community participation. If successful, this model could be implemented in other communities across the United States to support individuals living with chronic pain while reducing opioid misuse and its associated public health consequences.
