Arbovirus Diagnostic Tests Market: Introduction
Arboviral disease is an infection caused by a group of viruses spread to humans by the bite of insects (infected arthropods). Examples include Chikungunya, St. Louis encephalitis, yellow fever, California encephalitis, Eastern equine encephalitis, dengue, West Nile, and Zika. There are more than 500 known arboviruses, of which around 100 are capable of causing diseases in humans. The major arthropod vectors of arboviruses are mosquitoes, ticks, sandflies, and biting midges.
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The types of virus range in severity of diseases from no symptoms to mild flu-like to severe symptoms. Most people infected with arboviruses experience no symptoms or mild symptoms such as headache, slight fever, and/or a skin rash, muscle or joint pain, which resolve with no serious health complications. Severe infections are marked by a rapid onset of fever, headache, tremors, confusion, seizures, coma, paralysis, or death. Asymptomatic arboviral infections are of two types: neuroinvasive arboviral infection and nonneuroinvasive arboviral infection o Neuroinvasive arboviral infection includes encephalitis, aseptic meningitis, or acute flaccid paralysis. These illnesses are characterized by stiff neck, weakness, acute onset of fever with a headache, myalgia, seizures, or disturbed mental state. o In non-neuroinvasive disease, the virus is capable of causing an acute systemic febrile illness. It cannot be transferred from human to human, rather it is transferred from human-to-mosquito-to-human. Arboviral diagnostics help to detect the transmitted virus by infected arthropods (insects) to humans and to distinguish between an infection and other similar conditions Arbovirus diagnostics either detect the antibodies produced by the body’s immune system in response to particular arbovirus or virus’s genetic material
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Increase in incidence and prevalence of arbovirus is projected to boost the growth of the global arbovirus diagnostic tests market in the next few years According to the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), arthropod-borne pathogens account more than 17% of infectious diseases, affect millions of people across the world each year, and comprise a significant proportion of emerging human pathogens. Dengue is the most widespread arboviral disease, which is responsible for over 90 million cases and nearly 40,000 deaths per year. High prevalence of arboviral disease in developing and developed countries is anticipated to boost the growth of the global arbovirus diagnostic tests market. Increase in morbidity and mortality rates of arbovirus diseases has led to increase in initiatives by governments to manage the number of cases, rise in awareness, and evolving health care facilities. These factors propel the global arbovirus diagnostic tests market.