V25 N2 H.M. Bark 'Endeavour' Sets Sail for Astoria

the ,ii •

r;Jl"' ,,·:

.ll j """"'-

-

, .

..-L,.,-.:,:....,

A review and newsletterfrom the Columbia River Maritime Museum at 1792 Marine Drive in Astoria, Oregon

H.M. Bark Endeavour Sets Sail for Astoria The Columbia River Maritime Museum prepares to host one of the finest sailing replicas in the world.

COLUMBIA

RIVER

MARITIME

MUSEUM

From the Wheelhouse Afterguard Robley Mangold, President Jim McClaskey, Vice Pres.

W. Louis Larson, Secretary Don Magnusen, Treasurer Ted Natt, Immediate Past Pres.

Jerry L. Ostermiller, Executive Director

Board of Trustees: Graham Barbey Peter Brix* Richard T. Carruthers * Ronald Collman WardV. Cook Dan Dutton Jack R. Dant - in memoriam Jon Englund Cheri Folk J.W. 'Bud' Forrester, Jr. * Walter Gadsby, Jr. Dr. James H. Gilbaugh, Jr. Alan C. Goudy Don M. Haskell Senator Mark Hatfield S. Kenneth Kirn Captain Rod Leland Chet Makinster Chris Maletis Duane McDougall John McGowan * Ken M. Novack Scott Palmquist Larry Perkins Jack Schiffer Hugh Seppa Charles Shea Senator Sid Snyder June Spence Herbert N. Steinmeyer Joseph Tennant Willis Van Dusen Samuel C. Wheeler Harold Wilde Ted Zell

* Trustee Emeritus

2

Learning the Ropes For centuries the education of sailors took the form of hands-on learning. It was a direct process based upon doing as opposed to attending schools, reading books or taking exams. Maritime history is full of stories illustrating how a young boy could go to sea to learn the ropes. The process would take months of effort just to earn a place on deck, and take a lifetime to master.

For most of us the age of sail is not a personal experience. Although much of the language survives, few of us have spent time on a deck looking aloft at a full sized sailing ship. After all, how often can our children, nieces, nephews or grandchildren, and for that matter our friends, have access to one of these incredible machines? Through unique circumstances, the Museum is able to bring to Astoria not just one such ship, but three unforgettable vessels!

On May 14th the brigantine Lady Washington will tie up to our pier and be open for tours through the 21 st • The Lady Washington is a full-size replica of Captain Robert Gray's 18th century two masted fur trader, and is the State ofWashington's official sailing vessel.

As a salute to the U.S. Coast Guard presence in Astoria, the 295' barque Eagle will tie up to our dock for an overnight stay on the 22 nd of June. Deck tours are scheduled from 1:00 to 10:00 P.M. She is a rare visitor to the West Coast, and we are honored to have her in Astoria. The Eagle has over 21,000 square feet of sail and over 20 miles of rigging. This is the largest sailing ship to tie up in Astoria since the visit ofU.S.S. Constitution in 1931. This is an event no

one should miss.

Our third visitor of the year will be one of the world's finest sailing replicas, H.M. Bark Endeavour. This ship was built to the same specifications as Captain Cook's famous first ship of discovery, making her one of the most outstanding replicas in the world. Visiting from July 24th until the 2 nd of August, Astoria will be Endeavour's only port of call on the Columbia River.

With three great sailing ships in one year, we have a terrific opportunity to compare their similarities and differences. Bring your family and friends to the Columbia River Maritime Museum to walk the decks of these three great ships, and learn the ropes.

Jerry Ostermiller Executive Director

Quarterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

OLUMBIA

RIVER

Endeavour

MARITIME

MUSEUM

vessel for a long voyage. Her huge hold would be able to carry all the necessary food and equipment, and the ship was flat bottomed, making the vessel easy to repair at any sandy beach. A crew of 92 would call this small ship home for over three years.

This issue of the Quarterdeck features the replica Endeavour, a vessel built two centuries later, but sharing a common spirit of discovery and adventure.

The story of the replica Endeavour is written

by Antonia Macarthur and John Longley, from the H.M. Bark Endeavour Foundation in Association with the National Geographic Society.

What is a Replica?

The Columbia River Maritime Museum is proud to host the H.M. Bark Endeavour, a replica of Captain Cook's vessel, during her North American tour.

Sponsored by the National Geographic Society, the Endeavour will be in Astoria July 23rd through August 2, 1999.

Over two centuries later, the voyages of Captain James Cook, R.N. still remain as one of the greatest maritime explorations ever undertaken.

Captain Cook departed Plymouth, England in 17 68 in command of His Majesty's Bark Endeavour on a scientific voyage of Discovery for the King of England and the Royal Society of London. Assigned to view the Transit of Venus (see sidebar) and look for new lands, people, flora and fauna, Cook would discover more unknown worlds than any other maritime explorer.

The vessel chosen for such an incredible voyage was a small merchant coal carrier named the Earl of Pembroke, soon outfitted and renamed Endeavour. She was the ideal Quarterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

The task of building any replica from a bygone era raises many questions. What was the original like; can we find the tradesmen and women with the requisite skills; can we obtain the materials; how much will it cost; how long will it take? When the replica in question is a 550-ton, 1gth century wooden sailing ship that needs to be fully operational in a 20th century world, the questions can seem to be insurmountable.

The first question for the Fremantle project team was "What is a replica?" Some

Volunteers Needed

The Transit of Venus

By calculating the time it took the planet Venus to travel across the sun, scientists had hoped to be able to find the distance of the sun from earth. This measurement would have been the first step in measuring the universe. The results were disappointing, such a measurement would not be made until the invention of a more accurate telescope.

During Endeavour's visit we will need a crew of volunteers to help visitors tour the vessel. Training sessions, materials, and a vessel orientation will be provided.

Anyone volunteering for four watches onboard will receive an Endeavour polo shirt. If you are interested in being part of Endeavour's shore crew while she is in Astoria, please call Patricia Turner Custard at the Museum to place your name on the volunteer list. Be a part of this special event and sign up today!

3

COLUMBIA

RIVER

MARITIME

MUSEUM

I

Daily Watches on Endeavour: 0000-0400 Middle 0400-0800 Morning 0800-1300 Forenoon 1300-1600 Afternoon 1600-1800 First Dog 1800-2000 Last Dog 2000-0000 First

argued that to be a true replica, the ship had to be built from exactly the same materials as the original, using the same tools and with no additions nor alterations.

This was a noble position to take but one which would create tremendous financial, maintenance and safety problems for the future.

A compromise was found and the following criteria were agreed: The ship would be

exhaustively researched for historical accuracy. Materials were chosen for the greatest longevity, but would not be allowed to compromise the original method of construction, nor the spirit of the ship.

Modem tools would be used when required.

A minimum of modem equipment would be installed for safe navigation and the health of the crew. With these criteria in place, it was time to build Endeavour.

Endeavour Measurements:/ OverallLenght: 109' 3" ·~ ExtremeLenglit~· 151' 10" Lenght oflow~r ~eck: 97' 5" Beam: 29' 2" ':'\ Depthinhold: ~1'4" ~ "" capacity: 397 lon~ ns ,lJ:tso.Laci~m,ent:550lopgtons ' - a.Saµ area: 10,500 square feet Maiii'mast: 127' 11' Foremast: l 09' 1O" Mizzen: 78' 9" Cost: 11 milljon (U.S, dollars) 500;000 wrson-hours to build

-,

4 Quarterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

COLUMBIA

RIVER

Building begins Research showed that the original vessel was built of oak, with an elm keel and most likely Baltic pine for her decks, topsides, masts and spars. Oak is very susceptible to rot and to attack from marine borers, particularly in tropical waters. The original ship had survived only 29 years, whereas the replica would have to sail for 40-odd years. Here was our next problem - none of these woods were available in the sizes required, nor at a cost that could be met. We decided to use local wood- the West Australian hardwood j arrah replaced oak, Douglas fir replaced the Baltic pine. Several other woods were used including karri, wandoo, blackbutt, tallow wood and tuart, with sheoak for the blocks.

Some timber was specifically cut for the ship, however we purchased recycled wood whenever possible, from a redundant timber bridge, an old wheatbin, a war-time munitions factory, a woolstore and even a disused nunnery! Huge pieces of timber which had been felled during road construction work, were cut into supporting knees, together with

MARITIME

MUSEUM

wood from the state forests which, due to a ban on vehicles and animals in the area, had to be dragged out by our shipwright's sheer muscle power.

It was impossible to find the huge timbers needed for the early construction stage and these had to be laminated. One inch jarrah boards were stacked together, cut to the required shape, taken apart and then glued back together; it was rather like doing a gigantic three dimensional jig-saw puzzle. All of the laminated wood was eventually covered with planking. To be faithful to the original construction, the floors and bends were made separately and fastened together with chocks. As the ship progressed, less lamination was needed, and the recycled materials were used for the breast hooks and deck fittings. All the external planking is solid timber, except the large curved wale around the bow and the planking immediately above.

The original method of fastening was by large iron bolts. We copied this method, but to make them longer lasting we galvanized and threaded them on one end only, to obtain a

Daily Sea Routine aboard Endeavour: 0700 Call the hands, 0730 Hands to breakfast 0830 Sail handling 0900 Muster on deck 0915 Cleaning stations 1030 Morning tea 1100 Lecture 1200 Hands to lunch 1330 Stand easy 1400 Maintenance 1630 Wash down 1730 Hands to dinner 1830 Galley cleared 2130 Pipe down

5 Quarterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

COLUMBIA

Museum Staff: Russ Bean Celerino Bebeloni Chris Bennett Nikki Bryan Patricia Turner Custard John Davis Mary Davis Charlotte Jackson Stephanie Kiander Bonnie Kozowski Lynne Le land Jim Nyberg Jerry Ostermiller David Pearson Sheila Radich Gail Rogers Rob Rudd Elaine Rusinovich Arline Schmidt W Hampton Scudder Rachel ifynne Christina Young

6

RIVER

MARITIME

really tight joint. In places where threaded rod would show, copper rod was riveted over clench plates.

All planking was fastened in the traditional manner using thousands of trunnels (wood nails). However, below the waterline and at the ends of the planks coach bolts were used instead of iron spikes for added security. As each piece of timber was shaped it was treated first with an epoxy-based preservative and finally red lead.

The traditional skills of the blacksmith and the wood carver were used extensively throughout the ship. A blacksmith shop was built at the Fremantle yard and all the iron fittings including bolts, hooks, spikes, plates, mast straps, iron bound blocks, door hinges, the two stoves, the stem lantern and over 30 hanging lanterns were reproduced.

The original ship featured a considerable amount of decorative carving.

Designs for these were based on original plans and a drawing by one of the artists who sailed with Cook. All carving was done by hand, and finished ashore before fitting to the ship. The reason for the sailor's heads on the carrick bits is not known; perhaps they were to show what a real 18 th century sailor looked like! The modem paints and varnishes used to protect the hull, were matched to original 18th century colors indicated by the research program.

In 1768 H.M. Bark Endeavour carried five boats, a longboat, pinnace, yawl, and two small skiffs, one for the boatswain, the other belonging to Joseph Banks. These were usually stowed inside one another on the boat booms, while the heavier longboat was probably kept on top of the main hatch. As the replica is required to carry modem rescue craft, we do not have the space to include

MUSEUM

these boats; however we have built the original pinnance which is on show at the Australian National Maritime Museum in Sydney.

The final structure of Endeavour is immensely strong. Stronger than the original.

Yet at sea, she moves and creaks and groans as James Cook's Endeavour.

Sailing Unlike other replica ships, many of which have scaled down rigs for ease of handling, Endeavour's rig is exactly the same size as the original. The question of how she would sail was one we constantly asked during the six years of construction. In retrospect we need never have concerned ourselves with the question. The Endeavour is a thoroughbred, her design having evolved over many years of sailing the treacherous North Sea. From the first day we sailed she was sea kindly, dry, easily driven, forgiving and surprisingly fast. In ideal conditions, 25-30 knots aft of beam, Endeavour sails in excess of9 knots, and she tacks through about 160 degrees.

In a testiment to the accuracy and construction of the replica, Captain James Cook spoke confidently of Endeavour in 1771 as "No Sea can hurt her laying too under a mail sail or a rnizon ballanc' d''.

The Endeavour is manned by a professional crew of 16, including the Captain, together with 40 voyage crew.

The voyage crew have some maritime experience, and are recruited in the countries the ship visits.

Working on the Endeavour, they learn how to sail and live on an 18th century ship. This experience includes working the rigging, over 120' tall, and sleeping in the seaman's hammocks in the crews quarters!

Quarterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

COLUMBIA

RIVER

News and Notes

• To Celilo Falls .... A Storyteller Remembers: Ed Edmo will present his one-man performance, "Celilo Falls: A Place, A Memory" Saturday June 5th at 2:00 P.M. in the Kem Room. Edmo, a Shoshone-Bannock storyteller portrays a Columbia River Indian fisherman and uses artifacts, stories, and reminiscences to explore how the River and Falls have changed since the building of the Dalles Dam. An open discussion will follow the performance. This presentation is co-sponsored with the Center for Columbia River History as part of their James B. Castles Heritage Endowment Program.

• Welcome aboard to two new staff members. Gail Rogers joins the crew as our administrative secretary. Born in Oakland, California Gail has lived throughout the world thanks in part to a stint in the Navy. Gail currently resides on the Long Beach Peninsula with her two daughters and fiance.

We also welcome Mary Davis as the Museum's media coordinator. Mary hails originally from Columbus, Ohio and has a industrial engineering and management science degree from Northwestern University. Focusing on non-profit marketing, Mary is familiar with the North Coast, having served as an recreation coordinator for Astoria Parks and Recreation and in customer service for BioOregon.

Quarterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

MARITIME

MUSEUM

• Museum volunteer John Gaw works to inventory , a new collection of ship plans recently donated to the Museum. Volunteers work tirelessly in many behind-thescenes projects at the museum.

• The replica sailing ship Lady Washington is scheduled to arrive at the museum on May 14th for a week of tours and group sailing adventures on the Columbia River. Dock side tours and public sails are scheduled throughout the week. Call the Museum for more information and scheduling. The Lady Washington is homeported at Aberdeen, Washington as part of the Gray's Harbor Historical Seaport.

The Quarterdeck

• In Their Footsteps: An Update Work is progressing on the In Their Footsteps multi-media program being developed

by high school students (see QD Winter 1999). The students are in the final phases of putting together their script with the images they have assembled and researched over the last 5 months. An instrumental soundtrack is also being created. The program has recently gained attention from the media. Grant McOmie, on-air personality from the Portland ABC affiliate KATU, spent a morning filming the students in action for an upcoming news report. Grant McOmie has also agreed to be the narrator for the program.

Volume 25, No. 2 The Quarterdeck is published four times a year by the Columbia River Maritime Museum, 1792 Marine Drive, Astoria, Oregon 97103.

Telephone: (503 )325-2323 Fax: (503)325 -2331 E-mail us at: columbia@seasurf.com www.crmm.org Editor: David Pearson Editorial Staff: Jerry Ostermiller, Rob Rudd, Patricia Turner Custard, Nikki Bryan.

Printed at: Printing Arts Center, Longview, Washington

7

VMBIA

RIVER

MARITIME

M

Development

8

Corporate Member Profile This month we kick off a new feature spotlighting our contributing corporate From the Membership Desk members. Their unfailing generosity helps What a fantastic year to be a member! us to fulfill our larger mission of relating Sailing with the Lady Washington, walking our maritime heritage to the greatest the teak deck of the majestic USCG barque possible audience.

Eagle, learning the remarkable heritage of Meet Rod Gramson, owner of Captain Cook's Endeavour ... this must Wadsworth Electric, serving Oregon and certainly be the most exciting year for memWashington since bership events in the history of the Museum.

1961. Rod is the Without the support of our members 1999 recipient of through their annual membership contributhe prestigious tions, we would be unable to provide these George Award, interesting and educational events, fulfilling our presented annularger mission of relating our maritime heritage ally by the Astoto the greatest possible audience. For this, we ria-Warrenton are truly appreciative. Thank you!

Chamberof Commerce for Membership Committee Established outstanding A new committee has been created to community service. promote membership growth, benefits enrichMr. Gramson was honored for his ment, and to rekindle the interest of former dedication to local community projects members. In addition, members of the including the Waterfront Trolley, the Astoria committee act as liaisons to the community Column, and the Aquatics Center. and host membership events. We would like Mr. Gramson has provided significant to thank the following members for serving on financial support to community events includthe Membership Committee: Harold Wilde ing the Astoria-Warrenton Crab & Seafood Chairman & Trustee, Roma Bigby, Richard Festival, and Regatta. He sponsors numerCarruthers, Trustee, Charlotte Childs, Gorous Parks and Recreation youth athletic don Childs, Dorothy Comstock, Donna teams. He has been a loyal supporter of high Gustafson, Dr. Bud McKinney, Dorothy school programs such Drug Free Graduation Millikan, Ryan Snyder, Vera Steiner-Blore, Night, and contributes to scholarship funds Frankye Thompson, and Bill Williams. and athletic programs.

We are proud that Rod Gramson is a Memberships make wonderful gifts! member of the Columbia River Maritime Looking for a graduation gift? Perhaps a Museum, and thank him for 14 years of Father's Day gift for the Dad who seems to support! have everything? Museum membership is the perfect gift for everyone on your list. We will be happy to send the gift packet to you for your personal note, or we can send it on with your best wishes. It's as easy as picking up the phone. If you'd like to order a gift membership, or if you need further information, please call the membership department Monday through Saturday at (503) 325-2323.

Qua rterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

COLUMBIA

RIVER

MARITIME

MUSEUM

Books from The Museum Store The Museum Store has put together a small collection of the best books available on Captain James Cook and his ship H.M. Bark Endeavour for those who wish to brush up on their Cook history.

The Life of Captain James Cook, by J.C. Beaglehole. A Stanford University Press book, available only in paperback, is one of the most complete studies ever done on Captain Cook. Originally published in 1974, this is a full-scale biography of one of the greatest explorers of all time. This book can be read not only by specialists but also by anyone appreciative of writing with style, elegance, and humor. The book includes 5 maps and 51 illustrations. 760 pg.

24.95/22.46 The Explorations of Captain James Cook in the Pacific, as told by selections of his own journals 1768-1779, Edited by A. Grenfell Price. A Dover publication from 1971. This reprinting of selections from Cook's journals abounds in descriptions of newly discovered plant species, particulars of coastline and land

features, details of navigation, and impressions of various Pacific peoples he encountered. 292 pg. 9.95/8.96 The Third Voyage of Captain Cook, by Heinrich Zimmermann. Ye Galleon Press 1988 Originally published in 1783 and translated from a French version. The first English translation of this volume was in 1926-one hundred and forty-three years after its first publication. Zimmerman, who appears as 'coxswain' on the muster roll of the H.M. Discovery was in the habit of keeping a small diary or jotting down notes to refresh his memory, which he did not surrender as commanded by the Admiralty of all journals kept while on board.

Some of the dates conflict with those published in other authorized accounts, and there is some question as to how much official information a coxswain would be privileged to. Zimmermann's journal should be viewed as an account as perceived by a common hand signed before the mast. A rare manuscript published in a lot of 500. 128 pg. HB 29.95/26.96 Captain James Cook, a Biography, by Richard Hough W.W. Norton Pub. 1994 A meticulously researched narrative that captures the excitement of Cook as a link between the vague scientific speculations of the early eighteenth century and the industrial revolution to come. Hough has consulted archives in England, Australia, and New Zealand and had traveled in Cook's wake from Alaska to Tasmania.

The result of his research is an immensely readable biography, full of new insights into one of the world's greatest mariners 398 pg. PB 15.00/13.50.

Call the Museum Store to place your order. Don't forget your 10% discount for all Museum Members! (503) 325-2323 9 Quarterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

COLUMBIA

RIVER

New Members January 1, 1999-March 12, 1999

Ensign/Individual Mr. Paul Bernick Mr. and Mrs. Steven G. Burke Mr. Revell Carr Mr. Dick Frank Ms. Sharon Halsey Ms. Jennifer Miller Mr. Joseph Supple Mr. David Vlk Crew/Family Mr. and Mrs. BlaineN. Dymock Mr. and Mrs. Richard Hirschler Ms. Ann Hunter-Anderson Dr. and Mrs. Duane V. Jue Mrs. Dorothy Mathiot Mr. and Mrs. Laurence E. Roberson Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Schauer Mr. and Mrs. Bob Ward Mr. George Williams

Astronomer Charles Green's cabin aboard Endeavour.

MARITIME Helmsman Robert Bacon and Sue Daniel Mr. Harold Barton Mr. and Mrs. Richard B. Carlson Mr. and Mrs. Wade Carter Mr. and Mrs. William Cook and Family Mr. and Mrs. John Dawley Judge Thomas E. Edison Mr. Douglas Finegan Mr. Terry Finklein Mr. and Mrs. Robert E. Frame Mr. Floyd Fredrickson Mr. and Mrs. David Hallin Mr. and Mrs . Joe M. Herman Mr. and Mrs. Curt Johnson Mr. and Mrs. John Kalander Mr. and Mrs. James Kirker Lower Columbia Power Squadron Mr. and Mrs . Kent Martin

Pilot Mr. and Mrs. Dave Backman

Increased Memberships

10

Captain Mr. Dan M. Dutton

Welcome Back Memberships January 1, 1999-March 12, 1999

Ensign/Individual Ms . Estelle Duggan Mr. Philip Hubert Mr. Hjalmer Leino Crew/Family Mr. John M. Butler Mr. and Mrs. Merrill Ginn Mr. and Mrs. G. V. Stauffer Mr. and Mrs. Richard Walker

Navigator Dr. and Mrs. Leroy E. Groshong Captain Weyerhaeuser Company, Longview

Ms. Thelma B. Moisio Mr. and Mrs. Orvo A. Nikula LTC and Mrs. Victor L. Nunenkamp Mr. and Mrs. William V. Owens Mr. and Mrs. James B. Race William Sacherek and Liselotte Larnerdin Dr. and Mrs. Agnar A. Straumfjord

January 1, 1999-March 12, 1999

Crew/Family Mrs. Anna Basel Mrs. Barbara Jean Begleries Mr. John G. Davis Mr. Robert Elliott Mrs. Catherine Honeyman Engmark Mr. James H. Jensen Mr. Thomas Koch Mr. Clayton Naset Mr. John E. Nelson Mr. Tom Sutherland Mr. Arnold C. Swanson Ms. Jane Warner

Navigator Mr. and Mrs . Jon A. Englund

Helmsman Mr. Clayton Packard

Helmsman Mr. and Mrs. Marvin Autio Mr.TomCook Mr. Jonathan Harms Mr. Scott Nicol Mr. Ryan Snyder Boatswain Mr. Jake Bowser Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Brown

MUSEUM

Boatswain Ms. Helen Crichton Mr. and Mrs. Richard J. Green Mr. and Mrs. Louis E. Huff, III Mr. and Mrs. Dennis Johnson Mr. Philip R. Mason Mr. and Mrs. William R. Orr Mr. and Mrs. E. Orwick Mr. and Mrs. Lee Robbins Mr. and Mrs. Nelson Taylor Pilot Mr. and Mrs. Arnold Curtis Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Dave Johnson Mr. and Mrs. Jon W. Westerholm

Gifts to the AnnualFund January 1, 1999-March 12, 1999 Mr. and Mrs. Ken Austin Mr. and Mrs. Fred L. Barnum Mr. and Mrs. Bruce Berney Mr. and Mrs. Max Bigby Mrs. Margaret Bowerman Dr. and Mrs. Michael Carlson Dr. and Mrs. Robert William Davis Mrs. Donna Mary Dukich Mr. and Mrs. Thomas V. Dukich Mr. and Mrs. J.R. Emrick Mr. and Mrs. David Fry Mr.John Gaw Mr. and Mrs. Harrison Greenough Mr. ElmerT. Hjorten Mrs. Mary B. Hoffman Mr. Philip R. Mason Mr. and Mrs. Paul McCracken Lady Ann Kerr McDonald Mr. Edwin K. Parker Mr. and Mrs. Edward M. Perkins Ms. Margo Grant Walsh Quarterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

OLUMBIA Gifts to the Library Cataloging Project January 1, 1999-March 12, 1999 Mrs. Marcella Hatch

Memorial Donations January 1, 1999-March 12, 1999

Helen Brock Ms. Margaret Webber Virginia Carpenter Mr. and Mrs. Don E. Link Elizabeth Casovich Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Knutsen Andrew Crichton Ms. Carmaine Lewis

RIVER

MARITIME

Steve Lilly Mr. and Mrs. James O'Connor

Mary Ristola Mr. and Mrs. Robert Chopping

Agatha May Mr. and Mrs. James O'Connor

Terry Salo Mr. and Mrs. Carl Bondietti Mr. and Mrs. David R. Brooks Mr. and Mrs. James C. Fluhrer Mrs. Ella P. Hill Ms. Betty May JosephsonHagberg Mr. and Mrs. Eldon E. Korpela Mr. Ed Lundholm Mr. and Mrs. Warren Mattson Ms. Dagmar McIntyre Mr. and Mrs. Larry Perkins Mr. Donald V. Riswick Mrs. Dorothy Sarpola Mr. and Mrs. Roderick Sarpola Mr. and Mrs. James Seal Mr. and Mrs. Vincent Tadei

Charlotte Meek Mrs. Marcella L. Hatch Donovan F. Mitchell Mrs. Jeanne Clifford Mrs. Betty Farmer Mr. and Mrs. Donald A. Kessler Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Knutsen Mrs. Jean Macdonald Mrs. Diana McAlpin Mr. and Mrs. Harlan S. Olsen Mrs. June Spence Mr. and Mrs. Frank Thorsness Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas D. Zafiratos

Mildred Schwab Mr. Guy Tucker

Steve Felkins Mr. and Mrs. Robert Bish Mr. George Fulton Mr. and Mrs. Robert P. Kearney Mr. and Mrs. L. James Kennedy III Mr. and Mrs. Nicholas D. Zafiratos Helen Gillard Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. Godwin Ms. Evelyn Gillard Alexander Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Forrester Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Howard Hedrick Mr. and Mrs. David Hill Capt. Thran Riggs Richard Green Mr. and Mrs. James O'Connor Bill Hayden Mrs. Valerie Tarabochia Ted M. Jacobson Mrs. Helen Sorkki Gilbert Keech Mrs. Mary Keech Don Kelly Mr. and Mrs. Harry L. Larson Henry E. Koski Mr. and Mrs. Trygve Duoos Ruby Lilley Mr. William Perkins, Jr. Quarterdeck, Vol. 25 No. 2

MUSEUM

Cindy Silra Mr. and Mrs. James O'Connor Dorothy 0. Soderberg Mrs. Donna M. Gustafson

Captain Cook's great cabin aboard Endeavour.

Ed Ulmer Mr. and Mrs. Earl A. Malinen Sylvia Oia Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Knutsen Mr. and Mrs. Carl Bondietti Mr. Ed Lundholm Mr. and Mrs. Jerry Lundholm George Phebus Mr. and Mrs. Harry L. Larson Carl Pierson Mr. and Mrs. Elton A. Anderson Mr. Lars Gjovik Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Haglund Mr. Mel Iverson Mr. and Mrs. Ernest Kairala Mr. and Mrs. Earl A. Malinen Ms. Sylvia Mowrey Mr. and Mrs. Dick Olsen Mr. and Mrs. Carl H. Paronen Mr. Donald V. Riswick Mr. and Mrs. Don Seago Shelly and Shanna Seago Ms. Margaret Webber

Celia Viuhkola Mr. Donald V. Riswick James L. Welch Mr. and Mrs. Ed G. Fearey Jr. Mrs. Ella P. Hill Mr. and Mrs. William R. King Mr. and Mrs. Eldon E. Korpela Mr. and Mrs. John Price

11

A special thanks to Endeavour.Foundation for their great assistance in putting together this issLf:e of ihe Quarterdeck. All photos and graJ?~ic~ Jot the feature article on Endeavoud:ite courtesy of the H.M. Bark Endeavour Foundation.

COLUMBIA RIVER MARITIME MUSEUM 1792 MARINE DRIVE ASTORIA, OREGON 97103 CHANGE SERVICE REQUESTED

Non-profit Organization U.S . POSTAGE PAID Astoria, Oregon Permit No. 328