This study report expounds upon the primary findings of the research that was set to explore the disinformation practices in Western Balkans, the factors that amplify such practices and the counter-campaigns employed for suppressing the unsolicited effects of the disinformation activities. The study examines the manner that the question of disinformation and fake news is framed and understood in the general public discourse, particularly by the policy makers and the media. It offers critical understanding of these issues relying on combination of diverse methodological approaches and develops indicators for assessment and improvement of the implemented counter-disinformation online platforms.