Software and Analysis Samples

Technical Skills Samples - Building and Analysis Studies All drawings done by Margaret Petri

Building Analysis Drawings from Study of Kahn’s First Unitarian Church Software used Revit, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign

Roof

na

i

The overal roof in Kahn’s First Unitarian Church of Rodchester involves two different systems.

The first is a flate roofing system that is used on the surrounding classrooms, children’s sanctuary, kitchen, etc.

In this area Kahn is using a simple 6 5/8 inch re-inforced concrete slab topped with 1 inch of insulation and 1 inch of waterproofing membrane (see section A-A, page X for detail).

However in the main sanctuary, Kahn breaks with this simplicity employing the talents of engineer Komendant to create a truly ingenious folded plate cruxiform roof. By using folded plate, prestressed concrete slabs with a variable thickness. As will be shown in the following pages, through this methodology inconjunction with the re-inforcement and support columns, Komendant and Kahn have created an amazing, self supporting roof structure.

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Building Analysis Drawings from Study of Kahn’s First Unitarian Church Software used Revit, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign

ef ro g

or eig

Thickest Mid-thickness Thin

As shown in the sections and diagrams, the roof structure is self sustaining relying only on four columns instead of using the heavy concrete beams that Kahn had originally intended.

This is acheived through a combination of folded-plate technology that transfers the loads more easily to the column (axonometric drawing) as well as through varying the thickness of the slab itself (section and section callout).

This variablity in the thickness helps the roof to with stand the dynamic loads from water and snow without failing.

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12in 6in 4in 9in

Highest Edge Highest Exposed Edge (primary load recipent) Load Paths Along Plates

4in 6in 12in

Transference to Ground along Columns

Building Analysis Drawings from Study of Kahn’s First Unitarian Church Software used Rhinoceros 3D, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign redrawn from construction documents) Roof Re ar

an

#5 #5

#4

#4 #5

#5

#4

E

E

#4

#4

#4

#5

#5 #5

#5 #4

#5

#4 #5

#5

#5

#5

#4

E

Additionally, the top vs. bottom re-infprcement illustrates where a secondary support is most necessary given the force of gravity and self weight of the slab. By more heavily re-inforcing the centeral bottom of each the slab, Komendant was using the gravity of each element to ensure stability. The #5 rebar on the top reinforcement in contrast is serving as attachment between the slabs.

#4

#4

E

B’

#5

B

#4 #4

#4

#4

#5

#4

#4

#4

#4

#4

#4

#4 #4

#5

#5

#5

#5

#5

#5

#4

#5

#5

#5

#5

#5

A

#4

#4 #5

#5

#5

#5

#4

#4

#5

#5

As the re-inforcement plan demonstrates, different sizing of rebar was used based on its placement within the slabs. Two layers of re-inforcement were used throughout the roof, primarily using #4 and #5 rebar, with some selective usage of #3 and #6 rebar.

B’

B

#5

In addition to the structural moves that Kahn and Komendant made by balancing the roof’s weight through the slab thickness, the roof’s re-inforcement adds to its stability.

#4

A

#4 #4

A,B

C’ Top Re-Inforcement

Structural Plan of Rebar:

C’ Bottom Re-Inforcement

#4 rebar

#5 Rebar

#3 Rebar

Area above supporting columns

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A

Building Analysis Drawings from Study of Kahn’s First Unitarian Church Software used Rhinoceros 3d, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign (redrawn from construction documents)

Re ar e ion

1 1/2 Flexible Metaltubing

#3 #4 #5

2- 1/8 “Stainless Steel

#4 Rebar Interior Support Column Interior Concrete Wall

In section B-B, for example, the #4 rebar connects back to the heavier #5 rebar around the window ledge.

This would serve to pull the folded concrete plate upward and counter act any additional forces that the plate receives from snow and rain loads.

Section E-E highlights the multitude of rebar sizes used around the lateral column support. As we can note from the plan, the rebar is thicken from #4 to #5 in these areas as this then weights the slab back onto the supports. Like the ticken edges (visable in sections B’-C’ and A-A) this weight keeps the roof in equilibrium, thereby allowing it to function.

Section B’-C’

Section A-A

In section, one can more fully understand how the rebar is acting both to add weight in specific areas through its various sizes, but also as tension cabling.

#4 #5

#3 #6 #4 #5

Thickened Slab at Window Ledge Concrete Roof Slab Concrete Suopport

Roof Line in Front Interior Support Column Interior Concrete Wall

Section B-B

Section E-E

Building Analysis Drawings from Study of Kahn’s First Unitarian Church Software used Revit, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign

Roof Drainage Roof Scuttle Slate Splash Plate

The sancuary shape also helps in directing the flow of water from the roof. As we can see in plan, all of the water from the sanctuary roof is directed on to four slate splash plates.

After the water has been directed off of the sanctuary roof, runs accros the flat roofs to the drains.

While this methodology works well at directing and controling the flow and final exit of roof water from the building, as shown on the following page in the documentation of current conditions, this has led to issues of severe leakage in the classrooms and children’s sanctuary.

Diagramatic Representations of Roof Drainage

Roof Drainage Paths

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Building Analysis Drawings from Study of 1014 House by H Arquitectes Software used Rhinoceros 3d, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign (redrawn for building analysis from H Arquitectes drawings on Archdaily)

Barcelona Street - Patio Access Elevation - 1/4” = 1’

Barcelona Street - Garden Elevation - 1/4” = 1’

Building Analysis Drawings from Study of 1014 House by H Arquitectes Software used Rhinoceros 3d, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign (redrawn for building analysis from H Arquitectes drawings on Archdaily)

5m N

0

1.5m 1m

3m

The elevations, floorplan, axon, and details for this analysis were redrawn using Rhinoceros 3D and edited with Illustrator as part of a study on housing in small lots to develop a better understanding the handling of the space in the lot (particularly the facades relative to the street, interior spaces, and the construction of the facade.

Building Analysis Drawings from Study of 1014 House by H Arquitectes Software used Rhinoceros 3d, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign (redrawn for building analysis from H Arquitectes drawings on Archdaily and internet source for typical brick wall detailing)

Coconut Fibers 80mm Soil Steel Deck Zinc Laminate Water Proofing Membrane Thermal Insulation

Structural Support

I Beam

Condensation Collector

Insulation Tie Back Above Windows

Structural brick - 240mm x 120mm x 90mm

Weep Holes Exterior Shades

Structural brick - 240mm x 120mm x 90mm Wooden Flooring - 125mm x 15mm

Garden Access Wood Floor

Sub-Garden Courtyard

Barcelona Street - Axonometric Facade Detail - 1/4� = 1’

House Design Concept (original design concept and drawings) Software used Rhinoceros 3D, Diva, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign

Massing Studies

Annual Luminance and Shadow Studies

Luminance Study - December 1st at noon

Shadow Study - December 1st at noon

Luminance Study - March 1st at noon

Shadow Study - March 1st at noon

Luminance Study - June 1st at noon

Shadow Study - June 1st at noon

Hourly Shadow Studies

Luminance Study - August 1st at noon

Shadow Study - August 1st at noon

Bi-Hourly Shadow Study - June 15th from 8am to 7pm

Hourly Shadow Study - June 15th from 8am to 12pm

Hourly Shadow Study - June 15th from 12pm to 7pm

House Design Concept (original design concept and drawings) Software used Rhinoceros 3D, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign Conceptual Programmatic Layout

Stairs

Balcony

Bathrooms

Reading Room

Closets

Balcony

Core

Conceptual Programmatic Massing

Kitchen

Bedroom Diningroom

Livingroom

House Design Concept (original design concept and drawings) Software used Rhinoceros 3D, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign Possible Structural Concepts

Structural Concept I Wall Framing

Floor Plates

Structural Concept II

Wall Framing

Floor Plates

Structural Core

Structural Core

House Design Concept (original design concept and drawings) Software used Rhinoceros 3D, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign Conceptual First Floor Plan (with some detailing)

B

B

House Design Concept (original design concept and drawings) Software used Rhinoceros 3D, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign Conceptual Second Floor Plan (with some detailing)

B

B

House Design Concept (original design concept and drawings) Software used Rhinoceros 3D, Adobe Illustrator, and Adobe InDesign Conceptual Section (with some detailing and material explanation)

Carved Stucco Exterior Finish Green Roof 4” of Soil Steel Decking Water Proofing Layer 3”of Rigid Insulation 3” Gravel Variable Thickness Concrete Floor Fill Insulation 2 layers of 1/8” Water Proofing 2 layers of 1/4” Plaster 2x4” Wood Lateral

Tiles Substrate Rigid Insulation Wood Subfloor Steel Re-inforcement

Detail Section at 1/2” = 1’

Wall Detail at 1” = 1’