WisLink-LoRa Concentrator Module

User Manual for

WisLink-LoRa Concentrator Module Raspberry Pi HAT Edition RAK2245 Pi HAT Version V1.2 | February 2019

www.RAKwireless.com Visit our website for more document.

14 PAGES

RAK2245 Pi HAT

Table of Contents 1 Overview..................................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Main Features.................................................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Package Contents............................................................................................................................. 5 2 RAK2245 Pi HAT Board.......................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Overview............................................................................................................................................. 5 2.2 Block Diagram.................................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Operating Frequencies..................................................................................................................... 6 2.4 Pin Definition...................................................................................................................................... 7 2.5 Power Supply..................................................................................................................................... 8 2.6 SPI Interface....................................................................................................................................... 8 2.7 UART and I2C.................................................................................................................................... 9 2.8 Digital IOs............................................................................................................................................9 2.9 LEDs.................................................................................................................................................... 9 2.10 Antenna RF Interface......................................................................................................................9 2.11 Electrical Characteristics................................................................................................................ 9 2.11.1 Absolute Maximum Rating.................................................................................................9 2.11.2 Maximum ESD...................................................................................................................10 2.11.3 Operating Conditions........................................................................................................10 2.11.4 Power Consumption......................................................................................................... 10 2.12 RF Characteristics.........................................................................................................................11 2.12.1 Transmitter RF Characteristics....................................................................................... 11 2.12.2 Receiver RF Characteristics........................................................................................... 12 3 Source Codes..........................................................................................................................................13 4 Setup Network Server and Frequencies.......................................................................................... 13 5 Contact Information...............................................................................................................................13 6 Revision History..................................................................................................................................... 14 7 Document Summary..............................................................................................................................14

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

2

2

RAK2245 Pi HAT

List of Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 Table 8 Table 9

| Operating Frequencies................................................................................................................6 | Pin Definitions...............................................................................................................................8 | Absolute Maximum Ratings........................................................................................................9 | Maximum ESD Ratings.............................................................................................................10 | Operation Temperature Range................................................................................................10 | Power Consumption.................................................................................................................. 10 | RF Output Power Level.............................................................................................................11 | TX RF Characteristics............................................................................................................... 11 | RX RF Characteristics...............................................................................................................12

List of Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

| Package Contents...................................................................................................................... 5 | RAK2245 Pi HAT Overview...................................................................................................... 5 | RAK2245 Pi HAT Block Diagram............................................................................................. 6 | Raspberry Pi Connector Overview...........................................................................................7

3

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

3

RAK2245 Pi HAT

1

Overview 1.1

Introduction RAK2245 Pi HAT is a module with Raspberry PI form factor. It can be plugged into Raspberry PI such as Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ as a complete RF front end of LoRa gateway.It supports eight channels and is available for LoRaWAN global frequency bands. The board is the smallest LoRaWAN gateway concentrator which integrates the Ublox MAX-7Q GPS Module and heat sink.

The board can provide low data rate LoRa radio links in ultra-fast speed. It is powered by a Semtech SX1301 transceiver concentrator that is capable of managing packets from many remotely dispersed end-points. Two Semtech SX125X are integrated for RF front end I/Q transceivers.

The RAK2245 Pi HAT is a complete and cost efficient LoRa gateway solution that can help you develop a full LoRa system. This is an economical way to create different solutions like smart grid, intelligent farm and other IoT applications. It is also ideal for manufacturing small series that can expand into more applications.

4

Note: There are 2 type version with RAK2245 Series for the various interface in GPS mdoule.

If you need use the Cellular Module (RAK2013 series), you must select the RAK2245 series I2C version. If you don't need the Cellular Module, any version can be working well. The default version is UART.

1.2

Main Features 

Compatible with Raspberry Pi 3 Model B+ edition.



Integrated Ublox MAX-7Q GPS Module and heat sink.



SX1301 base band processor, emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators, 10 parallel demodulation paths, supports 8 uplink / 1 downlink channels.



2 units of SX125x Tx/Rx front-ends for high/ low frequency.



Supports 5V power supply, integrated level conversion circuit.



TX power up to 27dBm, RX sensitivity down to -139dBm@SF12, BW 125KHz.



Supports latest LoRaWAN 1.0.2 protocol.



Supports global license-free frequency band (EU433, CN470, EU868, US915, AS923, AU915, KR920, IN865 and AS920).

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

4

RAK2245 Pi HAT



1.3

Supports SPI, UART, I2C interface.

Package Contents

RAK2245 Pi HAT board (1x)

iPEX Antenna (1x)

GPS Active Antenna (1x)

Figure 1 | Package Contents

2

RAK2245 Pi HAT Board 2.1

Overview RAK2245 Pi HAT module with Raspberry Pi connector is shown below, it has outer dimensions of 56.00 x 65.00 x 22.00 mm (±2mm).

5

Figure 2 | RAK2245 Pi HAT Overview

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

5

RAK2245 Pi HAT

2.2

Block Diagram The block diagram of RAK2245 Pi HAT shown as below.

Figure 3 | RAK2245 Pi HAT Block Diagram

6

The SX1301 digital baseband chip contains 10 programmable reception paths. Those paths have differentiated levels of programmability and allow different use cases. It is important to understand the differences between those demodulation paths to make the best possible use from the system.

2.3

Operating Frequencies The board supports all LoRaWAN frequency channels as below. Which is easy to configure while building the firmware from the source code.

Region

Frequency ( MHz )

Europe

EU433, EU868

China

CN470

North America

US915

Asia

AS923, AS920

Australia

AU915

Korea

KR920

Indian

IN865

Table 1 | Operating Frequencies

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

6

RAK2245 Pi HAT

2.4

Pin Definition The pin connector of RAK2245 Pi HAT is located at the bottom side. Refer to the diagram and table below for the description and numbering of each pins.

7

Figure 4 | Raspberry Pi Connector Overview

Pin

Name

Description

1

3.3V

3.3V Supply Voltage

3

SDA

5

SCL

Pin

Name

Description

2

+5V

+5V Supply Voltage

I2C_SDA (Connect to GPS Module I2C_SDA)

4

+5V

+5V Supply Voltage

I2C_SCL (Connect to GPS Module I2C_SCL)

6

GND

GND It should be connected to RASPBERRY PI’s UART_TXD. This pin is connected to GPS Module’s UART_RXD internally.

It should be connected to RASPBERRY PI’s UART_RXD. This pin is connected to GPS Module’s UART_TXD internally.

7

NC

No Connection

8

UART_ RXD

9

GND

GND

10

UART_T XD

11

RESET

12

NC

No Connection

13

NC

SX1301 RESET (GPIO17 of RASPBERRY PI) No Connection

14

GND

GND

15

NC

No Connection

16

NC

No Connection

17

3.3V

3.3V Supply Voltage

18

NC

No Connection

Continuation: RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

7

RAK2245 Pi HAT

Pin

Name

19

SPI_M OSI

21

SPI_MI SO

Description It should be connected to RASPBERRY PI’s SPI_ MOSI. This pin is connected to SX1301’s SPI_MOSI internally.

It should be connected to RASPBERRY PI’s SPI_MISO. This pin is connected to SX1301’s SPI_MISO internally.

It should be connected to RASPBERRY PI’s SPI_SCLK. This pin is connected to SX1301’s SPI_CLK internally.

Pin

Name

Description

20

GND

GND

22

NC

No Connection

24

SPI_CS

It should be connected to RASPBERRY PI’s SPI_CE0. This pin is connected to SX1301’s SPI_CS internally.

23

SPI_CL K

25

GND

GND

26

NC

No Connection

27

ID_SD

I2C_SDA for HAT ID EEPROM

28

ID_SC

I2C_SCL for HAT ID EEPROM

29

NC

No Connection

30

GND

GND

31

NC

No Connection

32

NC

No Connection

RESET _GPS STAND BY_GP S

GPS Module reset PIN (GPIO13 of Raspberry Pi)

34

GND

GND

GPS Module standby PIN (GPIO19 of Raspberry Pi)

36

NC

No Connection

37

NC

No Connection

38

NC

No Connection

39

GND

GND

40

NC

No Connection

33 35

8

Table 2 | Pin Definitions

2.5

Power Supply RAK2245 Pi HAT module is powered through 5V or 3.3V power pins.

2.6

SPI Interface The pin connector provides an SPI connection which allows direct access to the Sx1301 SPI interface. This gives the target system the possibility to use existing SPI interfaces to communicate with the module.

Note: Please reset SX1301 via PIN 11 after turning on RAK2245 Pi HAT.

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

8

RAK2245 Pi HAT

2.7

UART and I2C UART and I2C connections are also included on the pin connector. These connections allow direct access to the GPS module. The 1PPS is connected internally to SX1301.

2.8

Digital IOs There are two digital IO PINs, which give the user an interface to reset the GPS module or set it into standby mode.

2.9

LEDs 3 x Green LED for indicating the status of PWR, TX, RX.

2.10

Antenna RF Interface The modules have two RF interfaces for LoRa and GPS antennas over the standard UFL connectors (Hirose U. FL-R-SMT). It has a characteristic impedance of 50OHM and supports both Tx and Rx via RF ports, providing the antenna interface.

2.11

9

Electrical Characteristics The following are the electrical characteristics of RAK2245 Pi HAT. Please contact us if you need other details and/or parameter for your project.

2.11.1

Absolute Maximum Rating The values and range given below are all in accordance with Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134).

Parameter

Description

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Supply Voltage (VDD)

Input DC voltage

-0.3V

5.0V

5.5V

Operating Temperature

Temperature Range

-40°C

RF Input Power

+85°C -15dBm

Table 3 | Absolute Maximum Ratings

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

9

RAK2245 Pi HAT

Note: With RF output power level above +15 dBm a minimum distance to a transmitter should be 1 m for avoiding too large input level.

2.11.2

Maximum ESD The table below lists the maximum ESD. Parameter

Min

Typical

Max

Remarks

ESD sensitivity for all pins except ANT1

1 kV

Human Body Model according to JESD22-A114

ESD sensitivity for ANT1

1 kV

Human Body Model according to JESD22-A114

ESD immunity for ANT1

4 kV

Contact Discharge according to IEC 61000-4-2

8 kV

Air Discharge according to IEC 61000-4-2

Table 4 | Maximum ESD Ratings

Note: The module is an Electrostatic Sensitive Device and require special precautions when handling.

2.11.3

10

Operating Conditions The table below lists the operation temperature range.

Parameter

Min.

Typical

Max.

Remarks

Normal operating temperature

–20°C

+25°C

+65°C

Fully functional and meets 3GPP specifications

Extended operating temperature

–40°C

+25°C

+85°C

RF performance may be affected if outside the normal operating range, but the module is still fully functional

Table 5 | Operation Temperature Range

2.11.4

Power Consumption Mode

Condition

Active-Mode(TX)

TX enabled and RX disabled.

336mA

Active-Mode(RX )

TX disabled and RX enabled.

360mA

Min

Typical

Max

le 6 | Power Consumption

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

10

RAK2245 Pi HAT

2.12

RF Characteristics 2.12.1

Transmitter RF Characteristics The RAK2245 Pi HAT has an excellent transmitter performance. It is highly recommended to use an optimized configuration for the power level configuration, which is part of the HAL. This results in a mean RF output power level and current consumption.

PA Control

DAC Control

MIX Control

DIG Gain

Nominal RF Power Level [dBm]

0

3

8

0

-6

0

3

10

0

-3

0

3

14

0

0

1

3

9

3

4

1

3

8

0

8

1

3

9

0

10

1

3

11

0

12

1

3

12

0

14

1

3

13

0

16

2

3

12

0

17

2

3

13

0

19

2

3

14

0

20

3

3

10

0

0

3

3

11

0

0

3

3

12

0

25

3

3

13

0

26

3

3

14

0

27

11

Table 7 | RF Output Power Level

T=25℃, VDD=5V (Typical) if nothing else stated.

Parameter

Condition

Frequency Range Modulation Techniques TX Frequency Variation vs.

Temperature TX Power Variation vs.

Temperature TX Power Variation

Min

Typ.

Max

863 MHz

870 MHz

-3 KHz

+3 KHz

-5 dBm

+5 dBm

-1.5 dBm

+1.5 dBm

FSK/LoRaTM

Power Level Setting : 20

8 | TX RF Characteristics

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

11

RAK2245 Pi HAT

2.12.2

Receiver RF Characteristics We recommended you to use optimized RSSI calibration values which is part of HAL v3.1. For both Radio 1 and 2, the RSSI-offset should be set to -169.

The following table gives typical sensitivity level of RAK2245 Pi HAT. Signal Bandwidth/[KHz]

Spreading Factor

Sensitivity/[dBm]

125

12

-139

125

7

-126

250

12

-136

250

7

-123

500

12

-134

500

7

-120

Table 9 | RX RF Characteristics

12

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

12

RAK2245 Pi HAT

3

Source Codes Here is the open source code link: https://github.com/RAKWireless/RAK2245-RAK831-LoRaGateway-RPi-Raspbian-OS

4

Setup Network Server and Frequencies The default Settings are Bulit-In LoraServer and EU868. If you get the others frequency, you must setup it firstly. For the detailed setup steps, please refer to this documentation, here is the link: http://docs.rakwireless.com/en/LoRa/RAK2245-Pi-HAT/ApplicationNotes/Get_Start_with_RAK2245_Pi_HAT_V2.4R.pdf

5

Contact Information

13

Shenzhen Business ken.yu@rakwireless.com Room 506, Bldg B, New Compark, Pingshan First Road, Taoyuan Street, Nan shan District, Shenzhen

Shenzhen Technical steven.tang@rakwireless.com 0755-86108311 Room 506, Bldg B, New Compark, Pingshan First Road, Taoyuan Street, Nan Shan District, Shenzhen

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

13

RAK2245 Pi HAT

6

7

Revision History Revision

Description

Date

1.0

Initial version

2018-12-21

1.1

Modify Pin definition

2019-01-23

1.2

Add source codes chapter

2019-02-14

Document Summary Document Name:

WisLink-LoRa RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual

Product Name:

LoRa Concentrator Module

Revision Number:

V1.2

Prepared by

Checked by:

Jeff & Penn

Jeff

14

Approved by:

MARCOM shop.marcomweb.it About RAKwireless: RAKwireless is the pioneer in providing innovative and diverse cellular and LoRa connectivity solutions for IoT edge devices. It's easy and modular design can be used in different IoT applications and accelerate time-to-market .

For more information, please visit RAKwireless website at www.rakwireless.com.

RAK2245 Pi HAT User Manual V1.2

14