Introduction to Human-Centred Design

An Introduction to HCD

1 An Introduction to Human-Centered Design

INSPIRATION

IDEATION

IMPLEMENTATION

The Design Process

The Course for Human-Centered Design

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An Introduction to HCD

Table Of Contents

Class 1 An Introduction to HumanCentered Design Readings What Is Human-Centered Design?

What Can the Approach Be Used For? The Design Process Mindsets of a Human-Centered Designer

Design Thinking for Social Innovation

The Course for Human-Centered Design

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An Introduction to HCD

INSPIRATION

IDEATION

IMPLEMENTATION

What Is Human-Centered Design?

Human-centered design is a creative approach to problem solving and the backbone of our work at IDEO.org. It’s a process that starts with the people you’re designing for and ends with new solutions that are tailor-made to suit their needs. Humancentered design is all about building a deep empathy with the people you’re designing for; generating tons of ideas; building a bunch of prototypes; sharing what you’ve made with the people you’re designing for; and eventually putting your innovative new solution out in the world.

The Course for Human-Centered Design

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An Introduction to HCD

What Can the Approach Be Used For? Human-centered design is a process that can be used across industries and sectors to approach any number of challenges—from product and service design to space or systems design, to name just a few.

Products

Services

When people think of design, they often first think about expensive, stylish products. But thoughtful product design is just as important in social innovation.

Not only are all people deserving of welldesigned products, but challenges that arise when there are limited resources, services, or infrastructure require new approaches and elegant solutions.

For a service to be effective, it needs to be considered from end-to-end: from how it’s advertised to how it’s delivered. For a service to have the desired impact, it’s essential to gain a deep understanding of the people you will be serving—not only what they need and desire, but what limitations they face, what motivates them, and what’s important to them.

How might we design a cookstove that reduces the amount of smoke inhaled by a person while cooking?

How might we design a water delivery service providing clean drinking water along with health and nutrition products?

How might we build an irrigation pump that can run without the electricity grid?

How might we design new services engaging low-income parents in after-school education for their children?

How might we design a toilet for families living in areas with no sanitation infrastructure?

The Course for Human-Centered Design

How might we design a sustainable business model for a pit latrine emptying service?

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An Introduction to HCD

Spaces

Systems

Physical environments give people signals about how to behave and influence how they feel. By rethinking the design of hospitals, classrooms, public transportation, banks, libraries, and more, we can create new experiences and interactions in these spaces. Human-centered design can help make the emotional parts of a space as important as the functional.

Designing systems is about balancing the complexity of many different stakeholder needs with the needs of the social enterprise. For example, if your were designing a new type of school, there are the needs of the students, parents, staff and faculty, community, and perhaps investors.

Systems design often involves setting high-level strategy such as stating visions, priorities, policies, and key communications around these ideas.

How might we design hospital waiting rooms to mitigate the transmission of airborne diseases?

How might we redesign the school lunch program for an entire city while providing for differences in individual schools?

How might we redesign the common areas of a community housing structure to encourage connecting and cooperation among neighbors?

How might we design a system linking social entrepreneurs from around the world?

How might we make the space inside a bank less intimidating for ďŹ rst-time savers signing up for a new account?

The Course for Human-Centered Design

How might we redesign a banking system for low-income citizens who have limited knowledge of banks?

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An Introduction to HCD

The Design Process The human-centered design process has three phases—the Inspiration phase, the Ideation phase, and the Implementation phase. In the end, you’ll know that your solution will be a success because you’ve kept the people you’re looking to serve at the heart of the process.

In the Inspiration phase you’ll learn directly from the people you’re designing for as you immerse yourself in their lives and come to deeply understand their needs. In the Ideation phase you’ll make sense of what you learned, identify opportunities for design, and prototype possible solutions. And in the Implementation phase you’ll bring your solution to life, and eventually, to market.

INSPIRATION

IDEATION

IMPLEMENTATION

I have a design challenge.

How do I get started?

How do I conduct an interview?

How do I stay human-centered?

I have an opportunity for design.

How do I interpret what I’ve learned?

How do I turn my insights into tangible ideas?

How do I make a prototype?

I have an innovative solution.

How do I make my concept real?

How do I assess if it’s working?

How do I plan for sustainability?

abstract

abstract

tangible tangible

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An Introduction to HCD

Mindsets of a Human-Centered Designer Human-centered design is as much about your head as your hands. These Mindsets uncover the philosophy behind our approach to creative problem solving, and show that how you think about design directly affects whether you’ll arrive at innovative, impactful solutions. Spend some time watching these seven Mindsets videos on the NovoEd platform.

Learn from Failure

Make It

“Don’t think of it as failure, think of it as designing experiments through which you’re going learn.”

“ You’re taking risk out of the process by making something simple first. And you always learn lessons from it.”

Failure is an incredibly powerful tool for learning. Designing experiments, prototypes, and interactions and testing them is at the heart of human-centered design. So is an understanding that not all of them are going to work. As we seek to solve big problems, we’re bound to fail. But if we adopt the right mindset, we’ll inevitably learn something from that failure.

As human-centered designers, we make because we believe in the power of tangibility and we know that making an idea real is a fantastic way to think it through. When the goal is to get impactful solutions out into the world you can’t stay in the realm of theory.

You have to make your ideas real.

Creative Confidence

Empathy

“Creative confidence is the notion that you have big ideas, and that you have the ability to act on them.”

“I can’t come up with any new ideas if all I do is exist in my own life.”

Anyone can approach the world like a designer. Often all it takes to unlock that potential as a dynamic problem solver is creative confidence. Creative confidence is the belief that everyone is creative, and that creativity isn’t the capacity to draw compose or sculpt, a way of “Weor may not know whatbut that answer approaching the world. is, but we know that we have to give

ourselves permission to explore.”

The Course for Human-Centered Design

Empathy is the capacity to step into other people’s shoes, to understand their lives, and start to solve problems from their perspectives. Humancentered design is premised on empathy, on the idea that the people you’re designing for are your roadmap to innovative solutions. All you have to do is empathize, understand them, and bring them along with you in the design process.

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An Introduction to HCD

Embrace Ambiguity

Be Optimistic

“ We may not know what that answer is, but we know that we have to give ourselves permission to explore.”

“Optimism is the thing that drives you forward.”

Human-centered designers always start from the place of not knowing the answer to the problem they’re looking to solve. And though that’s not particularly comfortable, it allows us to open up creatively, to pursue lots of different ideas, and to arrive at unexpected solutions. Embracing ambiguity allows us to give ourselves permission to be fantastically creative.

We believe that design is inherently optimistic. To take on a big challenge, especially one as large and intractable as poverty, we have to believe that progress is even an option. If we didn’t, we wouldn’t even try. Optimism is the embrace of possibility, the idea that even if we don’t know the answer, that it’s out there and that we can find it.

Iterate, Iterate, Iterate “ What an iterative approach affords us “We may not know what that answer is that we gain validation along the is, but we know that we have to give way...because we’re hearing from the ourselves permission explore.”for.” people we’re actuallyto designing Human-centered design is an inherently iterative approach to solving problems because it makes feedback from the people we’re designing for a critical part of how a solution evolves. By continually iterating, refining, and improving our work we put ourselves in a place where we’ll have more ideas, try a variety of approaches, unlock our creativity, and arrive more quickly at successful solutions.

The Course for Human-Centered Design

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An Introduction to HCD

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An Introduction to HCD

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An Introduction to HCD

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An Introduction to HCD

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;<J@>E K?@EB@E>

12

An Introduction to HCD

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