Cal/OSHA General Industry, Construction, and Electrical Safety Orders

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Table of Contents

Title 8 - Industrial Relations

Article 4 - Proposed Penalty Procedure Article 4.5. - Multi-Employer Worksites

Subchapter 1 - Regulations of the Director of Industrial Relations 1

§337.

Subchapter 2 - Regulations of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health Article 1. - Employers' Obligation to Provide Information to Employees

7

§§340 - 340.3

Article 1.5. - Employer's Declaration of Abatement and Other Documentation of Abatement -Employee NotificationPosting Requirements

8

Article 1.6. - Adjudicative Hearings — General Rules of Practice and Procedure — Denial, Suspension or Revocation of Permits, Licenses, Certifications, Registrations or Other Authorizations and Orders Prohibiting Use, Issued by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health 10 §§340.40 - 340.52

1

§§331 - 331.4.

Article 3 - Citation, Notice, Special Order, Order to Take Special Action, Notice of No Violations After Investigation: Procedures 1 §§332 - 332.4.

Article 5. - Hazardous Substances Information and Training 6

§340.4

§330

Article 2 - Advance Notice of Inspections

5

§§336.10 - 336.11

Division 1 - Department of Industrial Relations Chapter 3.2 - California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

Article 1 - Definitions Under California Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1973

2

§§333 - 336

Article 3. - Reporting Work-Connected Injuries

12

§342

Article 10.

Civil and Criminal Enforcement Policy of the Division of Occupational

Safety and Health

12

§§344.50 - 344.53

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Chapter 4 - Division of Industrial Safety

Group 3 - General Plant Equipment and Special Operations Article 12 - Tree Work, Maintenance, or Removal

81

§§3420 - 3428

Subchapter 7 - General Industry Safety Orders

Article 13 - Agricultural Operations

83

§§3436 - 3458.1

Article 14 - Marine Terminal Operations

87

§§3459 - 3475

Introduction §§3200-3206

13

Article 15 - Vats, Pans, Bins, Bunkers, Hoppers, and Similar Containers and Vessels

93

§§3480 - 3482

Group 1 - General Physical Conditions and Structures Article 1 - Definitions

19

§3207

Article 2 - Standard Specifications

21

§§3209 - 3239

Article 3 - Special Design Requirements

29

39

Article 6 - Powered Platforms and Equipment for Building Maintenance 47 §§3292 - 3299

63 70 70

§§3360 - 3368

72

§§3412 - 3416

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Group 4 - General Mobile Equipment and Auxiliaries Article 23 - Mobile Ladder Stands and Scaffolds (Towers)

105

§§3620 - 3627

106

Article 25 - Industrial Trucks, Tractors, Haulage Vehicles, and Earthmoving Equipment

109

Article 27 - Transportation of Employees and Materials

116

§§3700 - 3710

Article 29 - Industrial Railroads

117

Article 31 - Gantry Trucks (Straddle Carriers) 119 §§3801 - 3809

Article 35 - Amusement Rides 74

§§3401 - 3411

Article 11 - Outdoor Advertising Structures

95

§§3730 - 3741

§§3380 - 3400

Article 10.1 - Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment for Fire Fighters

Article 21 - Use, Care, and Protection of Abrasive Wheels

§§3649 - 3668

§3350

Article 10 - Personal Safety Devices and Safeguards

95

§§3636 - 3648

§§3300 - §3341

Article 9 - Sanitation

Article 20 - Hand and Portable Powered Tools and Equipment

Article 24 - Elevating Work Platforms and Aerial Devices

Group 2 - Safe Practices and Personal Protection

Article 8 - Labor Camps

94

§§3541 - 3549

30

§§3281 - 3291

Article 7 - Miscellaneous Safe Practices and Personal Protection

Article 19 - Automotive Lifts

§3575 - 3583

§§3270 - 3280

Article 5 - Window Cleaning

94

§§3511 - 3518

§§3555 - 3564

§§3241 - 3251

Article 4 - Access, Work Space, and Work Areas

Article 17 - Engines and Compressors

78

§3900 - 3920

120

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Article 68 - Leather and Composition Goods Machines 154

Article 37 - Purpose, Definitions, and Standards

§§4510 - 4522

Article 69 - Food and Tobacco Machinery 123

§§3940 - 3945

Article 41 - Prime Movers and Machinery

125

158

Article 72 - Plastic Processing Machinery

126

Article 73 - Stone, Clay, and Glass Working Machines 159

159

§§4600 - 4601

§§4625 - 4626

126

§§4070 - 4071

Article 46 - Gears, Friction Drives, Sprockets, and Chains

Article 71 - Rubber and Composition Working Machines

125

§§4060 - 4063

Article 45 - Belt and Pulley Drives

157

§§4580 - 4592

§§4050 - 4051

Article 44 - Pulleys

Article 70 - Chemical Industry Machines §§4565 - 4570

§§3995 - 4002

Article 43 - Shafting, Collars, Clutches, Cut-Off Couplings, and Clutch Pulleys

155

§§4530 - 4559

Article 74 - Cotton Gins and Seed Cotton Processing Machines

159

§§4640 - 4647

126

§§4075 - 4076

Article 47 - Power Disconnecting Devices

126

§4086

Group 9 - Compressed Gas and Air Equipment Article 76 - Compressed Gas and Air Cylinders

Article 54 - Scope and General Definitions

127

§§4184 - 4188

Article 55 - Power Operated Presses

139

§§4227 - 4243

Article 57 - Die Casting Machines

141

§§4261 - 4266

Article 59 - Woodworking Machines and Equipment

141

145

§4342 - 4345

Article 61 - Compaction Equipment

146

§§4350 - 4355

Article 64 - Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills

149

§§4480 - 4494

163

§§4794 - 4795

163

§§4797 - 4799

Article 82 - Stationary Automatic Acetylene Generators

163

§§4803 - 4813

Article 83 - Portable Automatic Acetylene Generators

164

§§4815 - 4816

164

Article 85 - Service Piping for All Gases

165

§§4821 - 4828

151 152

Article 86 - Manifolding of Cylinders to Headers for Shop Pipe Line Supply Systems and Pressure Reducing Regulators and Hose 165 §§4834 - 4840

Article 87 - Operating Procedure

§§4456 - 4476

Article 67 - Laundry and Dry Cleaning Equipment

Article 80 - Purpose and Definitions

§§4818 - 4819

§§4431 - 4445

Article 66 - Textiles

Group 10 - Gas Systems for Welding and Cutting

Article 84 - Calcium Carbide

§§4401 - 4428

Article 65 - Paper Converting and Printing Machines

161

§4657

Article 81 - General

§§4296 - 4324

Article 60 - Refuse and Trash Collection Equipment

Article 78 - Safety Relief Devices for Compressed Gas Containers

129

§§4189 - 4216

Article 56 - Metal Working Machines

161

§§4649 - 4650

Group 8 - Points of Operation and Other Hazardous Parts of Machinery

167

§4845

153

Article 88 - Fire Prevention in Welding and Cutting Operations

167

§4848

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Group 6 - Power Transmission Equipment, Prime Movers, Machines, and Machine Parts

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Group 11 - Electric Welding Article 90 - Electric Welding, Cutting, and Heating

Group 16 - Control of Hazardous Substances 169

§§4850 - 4853

Article 107 - Dusts, Fumes, Mists, Vapors, and Gases Article 108 - Confined Spaces Article 109 - Hazardous Substances and Processes

171

§4885

Article 92 - Cranes (Except Boom-Type Mobile Cranes)

264

§5160 - 5198

Article 110 - Regulated Carcinogens

366

§5200 - 5220

180

§§4886 - 4913

Article 93 - Boom-Type Mobile Cranes

254

§§5156 - 5158

Group 13 - Cranes and Other Hoisting Equipment Article 91 - Definitions

219

§5139 - 5155

Article 111 - Fumigation

535

§§5221 - 5223

183

§§4920 - 4944

Article 94 - Hydraulic Cranes and Excavators 185 §§4945 - 4955

Article 95 - Derricks

Article 113 - Explosive Materials 186

§§4960 - 4964

Article 96 - Tower Cranes

187 188

§§4990 - 5009

Article 99 - Testing

193

§§5020 - 5028

Article 100 - Inspection and Maintenance

194

§§5031 - 5035

Article 101 - Slings

§§5251 - 5258

Article 115 - Transportation of Explosive Materials

§§4970 - 4987

Article 98 - Operating Rules

537

§§5236 - 5248

Article 114 - Storage of Explosive Materials 540 186

§§4965 - 4969

Article 97 - Hoists, Auxiliary Hoisting Equipment, and Hoisting Operations

Group 18 - Explosive Materials

195

§§5040 - 5049

545

§§5262 - 5270

Article 116 - Handling and Use of Explosive Materials in Blasting Operations 547 §§5276 - 5308

Article 118 - Explosives for Well Service Industry

553

§§5311 - 5314

Article 119 - Manufacturing and Processing Explosive Materials 554 §§5319 - 5330

Article 120 - Blasting Agents

556

§§5340 - 5348

Article 121 - Snow Avalanche Blasting

Group 14 - Radiation and Radioactivity Article 102 - Standards for Protection Against Radiation

211

§§5075 - 5076

Article 103 - Actinic Radiation

211

§§5078 - 5079

Article 104 - Nonionizing Radiation

558

§§5349 - 5358

211

Article 122 - Ammonium Nitrate Storage

561

§§5359 - 5363

Article 123 - Small Arms Ammunition, Small Arms Ammunition Primers, Smokeless Propellants, and Black Powder Propellants 562 §§5370 - 5374

§5085

Group 20 - Flammable Liquids, Gases, and Vapors Group 15 - Occupational Noise and Ergonomics Article 105 - Control of Noise Exposure

Article 134 - Definitions 213

§5095 - 5100

Article 106 - Ergonomics §5110

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565

§5415

Article 135 - General

566

§§5416 - 5420

218

Article 136 - Dip Tanks §§5426 - 5439

567

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Article 137 - Spray Coating Operations

569

§§5445 - 5461

573

§§5465 - 5498

Article 139 - Oxygen

577

§§5500 - 5509

Article 140 - Electrical Equipment

578

§5530

Article 141 - Container and Portable Tank Storage

579

Article 162 - Fixed Extinguishing Systems, Gaseous Agents

611

§6181

Article 163 - Fixed Fire Extinguishing Systems — Water-Spray and Foam-Water Sprinkler Systems

611

Article 164 - Fire Detection Systems

612

§6183

581

§§5545 - 5551

Article 143 - Processing Plants

§6180

§6182

§§5531 - 5543

Article 142 - Industrial Plants

611

Article 165 - Employee Alarm Systems

612

§6184

582

§§5554 - 5562

Article 144 - Service Stations

583

§§5565 - 5581

Article 145 - Tank Storage

586

§§5583 - 5605

Article 146 - Piping, Valves, and Fittings

592

§§5606 - 5612

Article 147 - Bulk Plants

593

§§5614 - 5624

Article 148 - Refineries, Chemical Plants, Wineries, and Distilleries

595

§5629

Subchapter 1 - Occupational Injury or Illness Reports and Records

Group 26 - Diving and Pressurized Worksite Operations Article 152 - Diving Operations

597

§§6050 - 6058

Article 153 - Commercial Diving

602

§6059 - 6063

Article 154 - Pressurized Worksite Operations

Chapter 7 - Division of Labor Statistics and Research

603

Article 1 - Reporting of Occupational Injury or Illness

613

§§14000 - 14007

Article 2 - Employer Records of Occupational Injury or Illness 614 §14300 - 14300.48

§6070 - 6120

Addendum

Group 27 - Fire Protection Article 156 - Definitions

607

§6150

Article 157 - Portable Fire Extinguishers

608

§6151

Article 158 - Standpipe and Hose Systems

609

Cal/OSHA District Offices (Enforcement) Directory

629

Operating Rules for Industrial Trucks

630

Safety and Health Protection on the Job

631

Sharps Injury Log

632

§6165

Article 159 - Automatic Sprinkler Systems

610

§6170

Article 160 - Fixed Extinguishing Systems

610

Repealed and Renumbered Sections 633

§6175

Index

635

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Article 138 - Hydrogen

Article 161 - Fixed Extinguishing Systems, Dry Chemical

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Notes

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CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 1 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Chapter 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA)

Chapter 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA) Subchapter 1. Regulations of the Director of Industrial Relations Article 1.

Definitions Under California Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1973 §330. Definitions.

which requires inpatient hospitalization for a period in excess of 24 hours for other than medical observation or in which an employee suffers a loss of any member of the body or suffers any serious degree of permanent disfigurement, but does not include any injury or illness or death caused by the commission of a Penal Code violation, except the violation of Section 385 of the Penal Code, or an accident on a public street or highway.

Article 2.

Advance Notice of Inspections §331. Advance Notice.

The intent of these regulations is the complete avoidance of the advance notice to employers of pending inspections or investigations unless there are important advantages in performance of inspections to be gained by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health. Any advance notification not allowed under these rules may constitute a violation of Labor Code Section 6321, punishable by a fine of not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than six months, or by both.

Ch 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

In this chapter unless otherwise specifically indicated: (a) "Chief" means the Chief Administrative Officer of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health. (b) "Working days" means Mondays through Fridays but shall not include Saturday, Sunday or State Holidays. In computing 15 working days, the day of receipt of any notice shall not be included, and the last day of the 15 working days shall be included. (c) "Inspection" means any inspection of an employer's factory, plant, establishment, construction site, or other area, workplace or environment where work is performed by an employee of an employer and includes any inspection conducted pursuant to a complaint, any reinspection, or follow-up inspection. (d) "Code" means the California Labor Code. (e) "Order" included within the term "order" are the General Orders adopted by the Industrial Safety Board or the Industrial Accident Commission, Rules and Regulations promulgated by the Director of the Department of Industrial Relations and the Division of Occupational Safety and Health, decisions, requirements and orders made by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health. (f) "Carcinogen" includes the following recognized cancer causing substances for which standards have been adopted: (1) Any of the following substances and any compound, mixture, or product containing such substances: (A) 2-acetylaminofluorene.

(B) 4-aminodiphenyl.

(C) Benzidine (and its salts).

(D) Bis (chloromethyl) ether.

(E) 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine (and its salts).

(F) 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene.

(G) Beta-naphthylamine.

(H) 4-Nitrobiphenyl.

(I) N-nitrosodimethylamine.

(J) Beta-propriolactone.

(K) Methyl chloromethyl ether.

(L) Alpha-naphthylamine.

(M) 4,4'-Methylenebis (2-Chloroaniline.)

(N) Ethyleneimine.

(2) Asbestos, including chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite, and actinolite.

(3) Vinyl chloride.

(4) 1,2- dibromo -3 chloropropane (DBCP).

(5) Coke oven emissions (6) Acrylonitrile.

(7) Inorganic Arsenic.

(8) Ethylene Dibromide (EDB) (9) Ethylene Oxide (10) Any other substance for which standards are adopted and in effect due to cancer causing properties and any compound, mixture, or product containing such a substance, except as specifically exempted from such standards. (g) "Order To Take Special Action" means any order written by the Chief or his or her authorized representative which requires the employer to comply with applicable provisions of Division 5 of the California Labor Code, or with specific standards, orders or regulations of the Standards Board whose enforcement upon the employer are at the discretion of the Division (h) "Serious injury or illness" means any injury or illness occurring in a place of employment or in connection with any employment

§332. (g)

§331.1. When Advance Notice Justified. (a) Except when the investigation or inspection is to be made as the result of an employee complaint, situations justifying advance notice include the following: (1) Situations of apparent imminent danger where prompt abatement is essential; (2) Situations when, to be effective, the inspection must be arranged to assure availability of essential personnel or access to the site, equipment, or process; (3) Other situations where, in the judgment of the Chief or his designee, the giving of advance notice is advantageous for achieving a thorough inspection. (b) When the investigation or inspection is to be made as the result of an employee complaint, advance notice is to be authorized only if the situation appears to present imminent danger to the health or safety of an employee or employees.

§331.2. Time of Advance Notice.

The lapse of time between advance notice and the inspection shall not exceed a minimum that is consistent with the reason for such notice. In no instance will advance notice be given more than 24 hours prior to the scheduled inspection or investigation except in unusual circumstances, where imminent danger exists or where practical considerations mandate a longer period.

§331.3. Notification to Employee Representative.

Any employer receiving advance notice shall promptly inform the employee representative of this fact, if there is one.

§331.4. Arrangement for Inspection.

The employer receiving advance notice shall make any necessary arrangements at his place of business so that the inspection can proceed on schedule as planned.

Article 3.

Citation, Notice, Special Order, Order to Take Special Action, Notice of No Violations After Investigation: Procedures §332. Form of Citation.

The citation form shall set forth: (a) The name of the employer, the employer's address and the workplace inspected; (b) The nature of the violation, in specific terms with reference to the provision of the code, standard, regulation or order alleged to have been violated; (c) Time allowed for correction of alleged violation; (d) Rights of employees respecting the time fixed for correction of violations; (e) Posting requirements (f) Time within which an employer may contest a citation; and (g) Such other information as the Division of Occupational Safety and Health deems appropriate for clear understanding of the form issued.

1

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§332.1.

Chapter 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA) §332.1. Issuance of Notice. (a) If, after an inspection or investigation, the Division determines that a violation exists which is not classified as willful, serious, repeated, or related to a failure to abate, the Division may issue a Notice in lieu of citation if either of the following requirements are met: (1) The violation does not bear a direct relationship upon employee safety or health, or; (2) The violation bears a direct, but not immediate relationship upon employee safety or health, and is general or regulatory in nature. (b) The Notice may be issued only if the criteria set forth in subdivision (a) hereof are satisfied, and in addition thereto, the employer agrees to abate the violative condition within a reasonable time as determined by the Division and agrees that the Notice will not be appealed. The agreement shall be indicated by the signature of the employer, or authorized employer representative, on the Notice itself. (c) A Notice shall not be issued if the number of first instance violations, either general or regulatory, is 10 or more.

§332.2. Issuance of Special Order.

If upon inspection or investigation the Division determines that an unsafe condition, device, or place of employment poses a threat to the health and safety of an employee which cannot be made safe under existing standards or orders of the Standards Board the Division may issue a special order.

§332.3. Issuance of Order to Take Special Action.

After inspection or investigation the Division may require the employer to comply with applicable provisions of Division 5 of the California Labor Code or with specific standards or orders of the Standards Board whose enforcement upon the employer are at the discretion of the Division.

§332.4. Posting of Citation, Special Order, Order to Take Special Action, and Notice of No Violation After Investigation.

Citations issued pursuant to Labor Code Section 6317, Special Orders or Orders to Take Special Action issued pursuant to Labor Code Section 6308, and Notices of No Violation After Investigation issued pursuant to Labor Code Section 6318, or copies thereof, shall be posted at or near the referenced site of the violation or condition giving rise to the citation or order. The posted Citation, Special Order, Order to Take Special Action, or Notice of No Violation After Investigation shall be positioned so as to be easily read by employees working nearby. All postings shall be maintained for a period of three working days or until the unsafe condition is abated, whichever is longer.

Article 4.

Proposed Penalty Procedure §333. Notice of Proposed Assessment of Civil Penalties.

Where a civil penalty is indicated, the Division shall after, or concurrent with the issuance of a citation, and within a reasonable time after the date the violation occurred, notify the employer by certified mail of the civil penalty proposed by the Division respecting the item(s) set forth as violation(s) in the citation. Any citation and/or Notice of Proposed Civil Penalty shall be deemed to be the final order of the Appeals Board, not subject to review by or appeal to any court or agency, unless within 15 working days from the date of the receipt of such citation or such notice of proposed civil penalty, the employer notifies the Appeals Board in writing of his intention to contest the citation and/or the civil penalty, with respect to violations alleged by the division, abatement periods, amount of proposed penalties, and the reasonableness of the changes required by the division to abate the condition.

§334. Classification of Violations and Definitions.

For purposes of penalty assessments, violations of occupational safety and health standards, violations of California Health and Safety Code Sections 2950 and 25910, orders, special orders and regulations are classified as follows: (a) Regulatory Violation — is a violation, other than one defined as Serious or General that pertains to permit, posting, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements as established by regulation or statute.

For example, failure to obtain permit; failure to post citation, poster; failure to keep required records; failure to report industrial accidents, etc.

2

(b) General Violation — is a violation which is specifically determined not to be of a serious nature, but has a relationship to occupational safety and health of employees. (c) Serious Violation.

(1) A "serious violation" shall be deemed to exist in a place of employment if there is a substantial probability that death or serious physical harm could result from a violation, including, but not limited to, circumstances where there is a substantial probability that either of the following could result in death or great bodily injury: (A) A serious exposure exceeding an established permissible exposure limit or (B) A condition which exists, or from one or more practices, means, methods, operations, or processes which have been adopted or are in use, in the place of employment.

(2) Notwithstanding subsection (c)(1), a serious violation shall not be deemed to exist if the employer can demonstrate that it did not, and could not with the exercise of reasonable diligence, know of the presence of the violation.

(3) As used in subsection (c)(1), "substantial probability" refers not to the probability that an accident or exposure will occur as a result of the violation, but rather to the probability that death or serious physical harm will result assuming an accident or exposure occurs as a result of the violation.

(4) For Carcinogens — is a violation of any standard, order, or special order respecting the use of a carcinogen, as defined in 8 California Code of Regulations 330(f). However, the violation shall not be considered serious if the employer can demonstrate that he did not, and could not with the exercise of reasonable diligence, know of the presence of the violation or he can demonstrate that the Division should have determined that the violation was minor and resulted in no substantial health hazard. (d) Repeat Violation (1) General — is a violation where the employer has corrected, or indicated correction of an earlier violation, for which a citation was issued, and upon a later inspection is found to have committed the same violation again within a period of three years immediately preceding the latter violation. For the purpose of considering whether a violation is repeated, a repeat citation issued to employers having fixed establishments (e.g., factories, terminals, stores . . .) will be limited to the cited establishment; for employers engaged in businesses having no fixed establishments (e.g., construction, painting, excavation . . .) a repeat violation will be based on prior violations cited within the same Region of the Division.

(2) Field Sanitation Violations — Is a violation of the State Field Sanitation Standard, currently set forth in 8 CCR 3457, or of the Federal Field Sanitation Standard, currently set forth in 29 CFR 1928.110, where the employer has corrected, or indicated correction of an earlier violation, for which a citation was issued, and upon a later inspection is found to have committed the same violation within a period of five years immediately preceding the latter violation.

For the purpose of considering whether a violation is repeated, a repeat violation will be based on prior violations cited within the State. (e) Willful Violation — is a violation where evidence shows that the employer committed an intentional and knowing, as contrasted with inadvertent, violation, and the employer is conscious of the fact that what he is doing constitutes a violation of a safety law; or, even though the employer was not consciously violating a safety law, he was aware that an unsafe or hazardous condition existed and made no reasonable effort to eliminate the condition. (f) Abatement Date — is the date by which the employer is allowed and required to correct the condition constituting the violation.

§335. Factors Considered in Assessing Civil Penalties.

In the assessment of civil penalties, the following factors shall be considered: (a) The Gravity of the Violation — the Division establishes the degree of gravity of General and Serious violations from its findings and evidence obtained during the inspection/investigation, from its files and records, and other records of governmental agencies pertaining to occupational injury, illness or disease. The degree of gravity of General and Serious violations is determined by assessing and evaluating the following criteria: (1) Severity.

(A) General Violation.

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Article 4. - Proposed Penalty Procedure

(d) The History of Previous Violations — is the employer's history of compliance, determined by examining and evaluating the employer's records in the Division's files. Depending on such records, the History of Previous Violations is rated as: GOOD — Within the last three years, no Serious, Repeat, or Willful violations and less than one General or Regulatory violation per 100 employees at the establishment.

FAIR — Within the last three years, no Serious, Repeat, or Willful violations and less than 20 General or Regulatory violations per 100 employees at the establishment.

POOR — Within the last three years, a Serious, Repeat, or Willful violation or more than 20 General or Regulatory violations per 100 employees at the establishment.

For the purpose of this subsection, establishment and the threeyear computation, shall have the same meaning as in Section 334(d) of this Article.

Ch 3.2

§336. Assessment of Civil Penalties.

Civil penalties for Regulatory, General, Serious, Repeat, Willful, and Failure to Abate violations shall be assessed in the following manner: (a) Regulatory Violation — (1) In General — Any employer who commits any Regulatory violation (as provided in Section 334(a) of this article) shall be assessed a civil penalty of up to $7000 for each such violation.

Except as set forth in parts (2) through (6) of this subsection, a minimum proposed penalty of $500, representing the gravity of the violation, shall be assessed against employers who commit Regulatory violations. The proposed penalty shall be adjusted for Size, Good Faith, and History; however, an abatement credit shall not be granted.

(2) For Carcinogens — A minimum proposed penalty of $1,000 for all carcinogen standard regulatory violations, other than reporting use violations, representing the gravity of the violation, shall be assessed against the employers who commit such violations. The proposed penalty shall be adjusted for Size, Good Faith and History; however, an abatement credit shall not be granted.

(3) For Carcinogens Failure to Report Use. Any employer who violates a reporting requirement respecting the use of a carcinogen as defined in Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations section 330(f), shall be assessed a minimum proposed civil penalty of $2,500. The proposed penalty shall be adjusted for Size, Good Faith, and History; however, an abatement credit shall not be granted.

(4) For Violation of Permit or Registration Requirements. Any employer who violates the permit requirements of article 2, Permits — Excavations, Trenches, Construction and Demolition, and The Underground Use of Diesel Engines in Work in Mines and Tunnels, commencing with section 341 of Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, or the Registration requirements of article 2.5, Registration — Asbestos-Related Work commencing with section 341.6 of Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, shall be assessed a minimum proposed civil penalty of $1,250. The proposed penalty shall be adjusted for Size, Good Faith, and History; however, an abatement credit shall not be granted.

(5) For Violation of Elevator Permit and Posting Requirements.

Any person owning or having custody, management, or operation of an elevator who operates any such elevator without a valid permit, or who fails to post the permit as required, may be assessed a civil penalty pursuant to the provisions of this article of up to $1000.

(6) For Failure to Report Serious Injury or Illness, or Death of an Employee — Any employer who fails to timely report an employee's injury or illness, or death, in vioaltion of section 342(a) of Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, shall be assessed a minimum penalty of $5,000. (b) General Violation — Any employer who violates any occupational safety and health standard, order or special order and such violation is determined to be a General violation (as provided in section 334(b) of this article) may be assessed a civil penalty of up to $7000 for each such violation.

Gravity of a General Violation — The Base Penalty of a General violation is determined by evaluating Severity (as provided in section 335(a)(1)(A) of this article). If the Severity is: LOW — The Base Penalty shall be $1,000.

MEDIUM — The Base Penalty shall be $1,500.

HIGH — The Base Penalty shall be $2,000.

California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

i. When the safety order violated pertains to employee illness or disease, Severity shall be based upon the degree of discomfort, temporary disability and time loss from normal activity (including work) which an employee is likely to suffer as a result of occupational illness or disease which could result from the violation. Depending on the foregoing, Severity shall be rated as follows: LOW — No time loss from work or normal activity; or minimum discomfort.

MEDIUM — Loss of part or all of a day from work or normal activity including time for medical attention; or moderate temporary discomfort.

HIGH — Loss of more than one day from regular work or normal activity including time for medical attention; or considerable temporary discomfort. ii. When the safety order violated does not pertain to employee illness or disease, Severity shall be based upon the type and amount of medical treatment likely to be required or which would be appropriate for the type of injury that would most likely result from the violation. Depending on such treatment, Severity shall be rated as follows: LOW — Requiring first-aid only.

MEDIUM — Requiring medical attention but not more than 24-hour hospitalization.

HIGH — Requiring more than 24-hour hospitalization.

(B) Serious Violation. The Severity of a Serious violation is considered to be HIGH. (2) Extent. i. When the safety order violated pertains to employee illness or disease, Extent shall be based upon the number of employees exposed: LOW — 1 to 5 employees.

MEDIUM — 6 to 25 employees.

HIGH — 26 or more employees. ii. When the safety order violated does not pertain to employee illness or disease, Extent shall be based upon the degree to which a safety order is violated. It is related to the ratio of the number of violations of a certain order to the number of possibilities for a violation on the premises or site. It is an indication of how widespread the violation is. Depending on the foregoing, Extent is rated as: LOW — When an isolated violation of the standard occurs, or less than 15% of the units are in violation.

MEDIUM — When occasional violation of the standard occurs or 15-50% of the units are in violation.

HIGH — When numerous violations of the standard occur, or more than 50% of the units are in violation.

(3) Likelihood. Likelihood is the probability that injury, illness or disease will occur as a result of the violation. Thus, Likelihood is based on (i) the number of employees exposed to the hazard created by the violation, and (ii) the extent to which the violation has in the past resulted in injury, illness or disease to the employees of the firm and/or industry in general, as shown by experience, available statistics or records. Depending on the above two criteria, Likelihood is rated as: LOW, MODERATE OR HIGH (b) The Size of the Business of the Employer — is based upon the number of individuals employed at the time of the inspection/ investigation. Size of the Business is evaluated based upon the following classifications of the number of persons employed: 10 or fewer employees.

11 to 25 employees.

26 to 60 employees.

61 to 100 employees.

More than 100 employees. (c) The Good Faith of the Employer — is based upon the quality and extent of the safety program the employer has in effect and operating. It includes the employer's awareness of CAL/OSHA, and any indications of the employer's desire to comply with the Act, by specific displays of accomplishments. Depending on such safety programs and the efforts of the employer to comply with the Act, Good Faith is rated as: GOOD — Effective safety program.

FAIR — Average safety program.

POOR — No effective safety program.

§336. (b)

3

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 4 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

§336.

Chapter 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA) The Base Penalty for the General violation determined under this subsection is then subjected to an adjustment for Extent (as provided in section 335(a)(2) of this article). If the Extent is: LOW — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be subtracted.

MEDIUM — No adjustment shall be made.

HIGH — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be added.

The Base Penalty for the General violation thus far determined is further subjected to an adjustment for Likelihood (as provided in section 335(a)(3) of this article). If Likelihood is: LOW — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be subtracted.

MEDIUM — No adjustment shall be made.

HIGH — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be added.

The resulting figure is called the Gravity-based penalty. (c) Serious Violation (1) In General — Any employer who violates any occupational safety and health standard, order, or special order, and such violation is determined to be a Serious violation (as provided in section 334(c)(1) of this article) shall be assessed a civil penalty of up to $25,000 for each such violation. Because of the extreme gravity of a Serious violation an initial base penalty of $18,000 shall be assessed.

The Base Penalty for the Serious violation determined under this subsection is then subjected to an adjustment for Extent (as provided in section 335(a)(2) of this article). If the Extent is: LOW — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be subtracted.

MEDIUM — No adjustment shall be made.

HIGH — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be added.

The Base Penalty for the Serious violation thus far determined is further subjected to an adjustment for Likelihood (as provided in section 335(a)(3) of this article). If Likelihood is: LOW — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be subtracted.

MEDIUM — No adjustment shall be made.

HIGH — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be added.

The resulting figure is called the Gravity-based penalty.

(2) For Carcinogens — Any employer who violates any occupational safety and health standard, order, or special order respecting the use of a carcinogen, and such violation is determined to be a Serious violation (as provided in section 334(c)(4) of this article) shall be assessed a total civil penalty of $2000 for each such violation. This penalty is not subject to adjustment.

(3) Serious Violation Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — If the employer commits a Serious violation and the Division has determined that the violation caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure as defined pursuant to Labor Code section 6302, the penalty shall not be reduced pursuant to this subsection, except the penalty may be reduced for Size as set forth in subsection (d)(1) of this section. The penalty shall not exceed $25,000.

(4) Operation of an Elevator in an Unsafe Condition or in Violation of an Order Prohibiting Use. Any person owning or having custody, management or operation of an elevator who operates or permits the operation of the elevator in a condition which is dangerous to life or the safety of any person, or who operates or permits the operation of the elevator in violation of any Order Prohibiting Use issued by the Division, may be assessed a civil penalty pursuant to the provisions of this article of up to $2000.

(5) For Tower Cranes — Any employer who violates any tower crane standard, order or special order and such violation is determined to be a serious violation (as provided in section 334(c)(1) of this article) shall be assessed a penalty of $2,000.

The penalty shall not be subject to adjustment as set forth in subsections (d) and (e) of this section. (d) Further Adjustment of Regulatory, General, and Serious Violations — Subject to the provisions of parts (5) through (9) of this subsection, the Gravity-based Penalty established under either subsection (a), (b) or (c) of this section, shall be appropriately adjusted by giving due consideration to the following factors: (1) The Size of the Business If the Size of the Business (as provided under section 335(b) of this article) is: 10 or fewer employees — 40% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

11-25 employees — 30% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

26-60 employees — 20% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

4

61-100 employees — 10% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

More than 100 employees — No adjustment shall be made.

(2) The Good Faith of the Employer — If the Good Faith of the Employer (as provided under section 335(c) of this article) is: GOOD — 30% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

FAIR — 15% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

POOR — No adjustment shall be made.

(3) The History of Previous Violations — If the employer's History of Compliance (as provided under section 335(d) of this article) is: GOOD — 10% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

FAIR — 5% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

POOR — No adjustment shall be made.

Following the preceding adjustments of the Gravity-based Penalty, the resultant penalty is termed Adjusted Penalty.

(4) If an employer cited for a violation of a safety and health provision within title 8 of the California Code of Regulations was, at the time of citation, making a good faith effort to abate the alleged violation, pursuant to written recommendations of a Consultant of the CAL/OSHA Consultation Service, the following penalty adjustments may apply: (A) General Violation. All penalties assessed for such General violations may be waived by the Division.

(B) Serious Violation. All penalties for such Serious violations may be subject to an additional adjustment reducing the proposed penalty 50%.

(5) Serious Violations Respecting the Use of a Carcinogen — The penalty for any Serious violation respecting the use of a carcinogen as set forth in subsection (c)(2) of this section is not subject to adjustment pursuant to this subsection and shall not be otherwise reduced.

(6) Regulatory Violations of the Permit and Registration Requirements — The minimum penalty for any Regulatory violation of the permit or registration requirements as set forth in subsection (a)(4) of this section is $250.

(7) Serious Violations Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — Subject to the provisions of subsection (c)(3) of this section, the penalty for any Serious violation determined by the Division to have caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure as defined pursuant to Labor Code section 6302, shall not be adjusted pursuant to this subsection, except for Size set forth in part (1) of this subsection.

(8) Injury Prevention Program — The penalty for any Serious violation shall not be subject to adjustment pursuant to this subsection other than for Size as set forth in part (1) of this subsection where the employer does not have an operative injury prevention program as set forth in Labor Code section 6401.7 and applicable regulations of the California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board.

(9) False Declarations of Abatement — Subject to the provisions of subsection (e) of this section, where it is determined after reinspection that the employer has not complied with the abatement requirements of the Division and employer has previously submitted a statement affirming compliance therewith, the recomputed penalty shall not be adjusted pursuant to this subsection, except for Size as set forth in part (1) of this subsection.

(10) No civil penalty shall be assessed against any new employer for a period of one year after the date the new employer establishes a business in the state for a regulatory or general violation of the Injury and Illness Prevention Program Standard adopted pursuant to Labor Code section 6401.7 and applicable regulations of the California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board, if the employer has made a good faith effort to comply with the requirement set forth therein.

(11) No civil penalty shall be assessed against an employer who adopts, posts, and implements in good faith the Model Injury and Illness Prevention Program for Non-High-Hazard Employment prepared by the Division for a first violation of the Injury and Illness Prevention Program standard adopted pursuant to Labor Code section 6401.7 and applicable regulations of the California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board.

(12) For an employer who commits a repeat violation (as provided under section 334(d) of this article), the penalty shall not be subject to adjustment pursuant to this subsection, other than for Size as set forth in part (1) of this subsection.

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 5 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Article 4.5. - Multi-Employer Worksites

provided in section 334(d) of this article), the total civil penalty shall be as follows: (A) For repeated Regulatory violations concerning a reporting requirement.

1st repeat — $5,000 2nd repeat — $10,000 3rd repeat — $20,000 (B) For repeated Serious violations respecting the use of a carcinogen.

1st repeat — $10,000 2nd repeat — $20,000 3rd repeat — $40,000 These penalties are not subject to adjustment.

(3) Repeated Violation Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — The computation of the Proposed Penalty for a repeated violation shall not be subject to reduction, other than the Size pursuant to part (1) of subsection (d) of this section, where the violation is determined by the Division to have caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure within the meaning of Labor Code section 6302. (h) Willful Violation — If a Regulatory, General, or Serious violation is determined to be willful (as provided under section 334(e) of this article) the Proposed Penalty is adjusted upward as follows: Regulatory, General and Serious — the Proposed Penalty is multiplied by five. However, the penalty for any willful violation shall not be less than $5,000 and shall not exceed $70,000.

(1) Willful Violation Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — The computation of the Proposed Penalty for a willful violation shall not be subject to reduction, other than the Size pursuant to part (1) of subsection (d) of this section, where the violation is determined by the Division to have caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure within the meaning of Labor Code section 6302. (i) Serious Repeated or Willful Repeated Violation of Crane Standard, Order, or Special Order Causing Death or Serious Injury — If the employer commits a serious repeated or willful repeated violation of a crane standard, order, or special order, and the Division has determined that the violation caused death or serious injury as defined pursuant to Labor Code 6302, the penalty shall be $140,000. This penalty is not subject to adjustment. (j) Rounding of the Fractions Amounts of the civil penalties are rounded down to the next whole dollar during the calculation stages, and final figures are adjusted downward to the next lower five dollar ($5) value. (k) Multiple Violations Pertaining To A Single Hazard. When a single hazard is the subject matter of multiple violations resulting in civil penalties, the Division may, in its discretion, depart from the preceding criteria to mitigate the cumulative effect of such penalties.

(1) This subsection does not apply to any penalty assessed for a Serious, Willful or Repeated violation or a failure to abate a Serious violation where such violation or violations have been determined by the Division to have caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure pursuant to Labor Code section 6302.

This subsection does not apply to any Regulatory, General or Serious violation where the employer does not have an operative injury prevention program as set forth in subsection (d) of this section.

Ch 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

(e) Abatement Credit for General and Serious Violations — The Adjusted Penalty for General and Serious violations is reduced by 50% on the presumption that the employer will correct the violations by the abatement date. The resultant penalty is termed Proposed Penalty. The following types of violations are not subject to an abatement credit: (1) Violations designated as Repeat or Willful; (2) Serious violations for which extent and likelihood are rated high; (3) Serious violations respecting the use of a carcinogen; and (4) Serious violation causing death or serious injury, illness or exposure as defined pursuant to Labor Code section 6302. (f) Penalty for Failure to Abate Regulatory, General or Serious Violations — If the employer fails to abate the violation by the date permitted for its correction or fails to submit to the Division a signed statement of abatement of a violation within ten working days of the date set by the Division for correction of the violative condition, any abatement credit extended pursuant to subsection (e) of this Section shall be rescinded and this amount assessed as part of the failure to abate penalty. In addition, a penalty shall be assessed that is based upon the initial Gravity-based penalty for each calendar day that the previously cited violation continues unabated after expiration of the abatement period. Subject to the provisions of part (1) hereof, the Gravity-based penalty is reduced by the reevaluated adjustment factors. The adjustment factors of Size, Good Faith, and History shall be determined by evaluation of the circumstances at the time of the subsequent inspection when the failure to abate is discovered. The daily additional penalty for failure to abate a violation shall not exceed $15,000.

Limitations: (1) Except (A) where the gravity of the violation is high and exposure to employees is continuous, or (B) the employer has exhibited a high degree of negligence in failing to correct the violation, the daily penalty for failure to abate a Regulatory or General violation may be further reduced up to 90% for the first 120 days the violation continues to exist and up to 50% thereafter where the violation does not bear a direct relationship on employee health and safety. The daily penalty for a Serious violation may be reduced up to 50% where the adjustment factors calculated pursuant to subsection (c) of this section are Low and the History and Good Faith calculated pursuant to subsection (d) of this section are Good.

(2) When a violation consisted of a number of instances and upon subsequent inspection some instances are found to have been abated and others have not, the daily penalty shall be calculated in proportion to the extent that the violation has been abated.

(3) Failure to Abate a Serious Violation Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — If the employer fails to abate a Serious violation and the Division has determined that the failure to abate caused death or serious injury, illness, or exposure as defined pursuant to Labor Code section 6302, the penalty shall not be adjusted pursuant to this subsection, except for Size as set forth in subsection (d)(1) of this section.

(4) Failure to Abate a Serious Violation of Crane Standard, Order, or Special Order Causing Death or Serious Injury — If the employer fails to abate a serious violation of a crane standard, order, or special order and the Division has determined that the failure to abate caused death or serious injury as defined pursuant to Labor Code 6302, the penalty shall be $14,000 for each calendar day. The penalty is not subject to adjustment.

(5) False Declaration of Abatement — If it is determined after reinspection that the employer has not complied with the abatement requirements of the Division, and the employer has previously submitted a statement affirming compliance therewith, the recomputed penalty shall not be adjusted pursuant to this subsection, except for Size pursuant to part (1) of subsection (d) of this section. (g) Repeat Violation — (1) In General — If a Regulatory, General, or Serious violation is repeated (as provided under section 334(d) of this article) the Proposed Penalty is adjusted upward as follows: 1st repeat — the Proposed Penalty is multiplied by two.

2nd repeat — the Proposed Penalty is multiplied by four.

3rd repeat — the Proposed Penalty is multiplied by ten.

The resultant penalty shall not exceed $70,000.

(2) For Carcinogens — If a Serious violation respecting the use of a carcinogen or a Regulatory violation concerning a reporting requirement respecting the use of a carcinogen is repeated (as

§336.10. (d)

Article 4.5.

Multi-Employer Worksites §336.10. Determination of Citable Employer.

On multi-employer worksites, both construction and non-construction, citations may be issued only to the following categories of employers when the Division has evidence that an employee was exposed to a hazard in violation of any requirement enforceable by the Division: (a) The employer whose employees were exposed to the hazard (the exposing employer); (b) The employer who actually created the hazard (the creating employer); (c) The employer who was responsible, by contract or through actual practice, for safety and health conditions on the worksite; i.e., the employer who had the authority for ensuring that the hazardous condition is corrected (the controlling employer); or (d) The employer who had the responsibility for actually correcting the hazard (the correcting employer).

Note: The employers listed in subsections (b) through (d) may be cited regardless of whether their own employees were exposed to the hazard.

5

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 635 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Agriculture

Index

A

,

,

,

Section #, Page #

,

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Abrasive Blasting 234 Blast-Cleaning Enclosures 5151(a) 234 Organic Abrasives 5151(c) 234 Personal Protective Equipment 5151(b) 234 Ventilation 5151(a)(1) Abrasive Wheels 96 Definitions 3575(b) 97 Flanges 3579(a) 97 Guards 3577 Hoods 3577(b)-(c) 97 98 Inspection 3580(a) 98 Mounting 3580 Permissible Wheel Exposure for Periphery Grinding 3578 97 98 Portable Abrasive Wheels 3583 Portable Grinding Machines 3576(b) 97 97 Protection Devices 3577 95 Scope 3575(a)(1) Stationary Grinding Machines 3576(a) 97 98 Storage 3582 235 Ventilation 5152(b) Access to Information 269 273 Acutely Hazardous Substances 5189, 5189 App A 601 Diving Operations, Occupational Injury Records 6058(b) Employee Exposure and Medical Records 3204, 3204 App A 14 18 215 Noise Control Records 5100 Accidents Amusement Rides 122 Notification 3920 121 Permits, Effect on 3915(b) Marine Terminal Operations, Prevention of Accidents 3464(a) 88 13 Prevention Program 3203 69 Prevention Signs 3340 Prevention Tags 3341 69 70 Color Coding 3341 App A Tree Trimming, Maintenance, or Removal 3421 81 481 Acrylonitrile 5213 481 Application 5213(a) Compliance Methods 5213(g) 482 482 Definitions 5213(b) 483 Emergencies 5213(i) Employee Training 5213(o) 484 482 Exposure Limits 5213(c) 482 Exposure Monitoring 5213(e) Housekeeping 5213(k) 483 483 Hygiene Facilities and Practices 5213(m) Medical Surveillance Guidelines 5213(n), 5213 App C 483 487 485 Observation 5213(r) 483 Protective Clothing and Equipment 5213(j) Recordkeeping 5213(q) 484 482 Regulated Areas 5213(f) Respiratory Protection 5213(h) 483

Acrylonitrile (continued) Sampling and Analytical Methods 5213 App D 488 481 Scope 5213(a) Signs and Labels 5213(p) 484 485 Substance Safety Sheet 5213 App A 486 Substance Technical Guidelines 5213 App B Waste Disposal 5213(l) 483 Actinolite (see also Non Asbestiform Tremolite, 464 Anthophyllite, and Actinolite entry) 5208.1 Acutely Hazardous Substances, Process Safety Management 5189, 5189 App A 269 273 10 Adjudicative Hearings 10 Conduct of Hearing Official Notice 10 10 Presiding Officer Request for Hearing 109 Scope 10 11 Service of Process 10 Subpoenas Aerial Devices 106 Application 3636 106 Definitions 3637 Equipment Instructions and Marking 3638 106 107 Maintenance and Repairs 3640 108 Operating Instructions 3648 Agricultural Laborers 83 Communication with Non-English Speaking Workers 3438 85 Field Sanitation 3457 Definitions 3457(b) 85 86 Handwashing Facilities 3457(c)(2) 85 Potable Water 3457(c)(1) Toilet Facilities 3457(c)(2) 86 Agriculture 84 Aircraft for Crop Dusting 3452 Anhydrous Ammonia, Use 3453(b) 84 83 Application 3436 84 Beet Trucks 3444 84 Choppers 3445 83 Communication with Non-English Speaking Workers 3438 84 Conveyors 3446 Cotton (see also Cotton entry) 5190 274 84 Crop Dusting 3452 84 Cutters 3445 83 Definitions 3437 84 Elevators 3446 Employees (see also Agricultural Laborers entry) 3457 85 83 Equipment 3440 Operation 3441 83 84 Fertilizers, Applicator Rigs, Tanks, and Vessels 3453 Field Sanitation 3457 85 85 Definitions 3457(b) 86 Handwashing Facilities 3457(c)(2) Potable Water 3457(c)(1) 85 86 Toilet Facilities 3457(c)(2)

635

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 636 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Agriculture Agriculture (continued) First-Aid Kits 3439 83 85 Fruit Picking Poles 3455(b) 267 Grain Handling Facilities 5178 84 Grinders 3445 85 Hand-Held Tools 3456 Horizontal Rotary Spreaders 3442 84 84 Insecticides, Applicator Rigs, Tanks, and Vessels 3453 83 Operation of Equipment 3441 Pesticides (see also Pesticides entry) 3453 84 Restricted Materials 84 Decontamination of Equipment 3451 84 Formulation and Application 3450 84 Medical Requirements 3450 83 84 Self-Propelled Equipment 3441(b), (d), (g) 85 Sheepshearing 3454 85 Tools, Hand-Held 3456 84 Towing Equipment 3441(e) Tractors 3440, 3651 83 111 109 Definitions 3649 112 Deflector Guards 3654 Operating Instructions 3664 113 111 Rollover Protective Structures 3651 111 Seat Belts 3653 84 Vegetable-Trimming Saws 3447 84 Water Hazards 3448 84 Workers (see also Agricultural Laborers entry) 3457 311 AIDS (see also Bloodborne Pathogens entry) 5193 242 Airborne Contaminants 5155 31 Aisles, Walkways, and Crawlways 3272 Ammonium Nitrate Storage 562 Bulk Storage 5363 562 Container Storage 5362 561 General Rules 5360 543 Quantity and Distance 5253 559 561 Scope 5359 562 Structures 5361 Amusement Rides Accidents 122 Notification 3920 121 Permits, Effect on 3915(b) 120 Anti-Rollback Devices 3904 121 Assembly and Disassembly 3911 Lighting 3911(e) 121 121 Supervision 3911(a) Tools and Equipment 3911(d) 121 120 Brakes, Emergency 3904 121 Certification 3914 Control of Operation 3912(a) 121 121 Daily Maintenance 3910 120 Definitions 3901 Disconnect Switch 3912(b) 121 120 Dodge-Em Rides 3907(b) 120 Emergency Brakes 3904 Identification and Rating Plates 3918 121 121 Inspections 3914 121 122 Fees 3916, Article 35 App 1 Maintenance, Daily 3910 121 120 Manufacturer’s Analyses 3902 121 Modified Devices 3919 Passenger Restraining and Containing Safety Devices 3908 120 Passenger-Carrying Rides 3907 120 Passenger-Operated Rides 3907(b) Permits Issuing 3915(a) 121 121 Posting 3917 121 Public Protection 3913 Purpose of Regulations 3900 120 121 Rebuilt Devices 3919 121 Registration Numbers 3918

,

,

,

,

,

INDEX

,

,

,

,

,

,

636

Amusement Rides (continued) Safety Belts 3907(c) 120 120 Self-Powered 3907(b) 120 Signal Systems 3906 120 Speed Limiting Devices 3905 121 Supporting Structures, Design and Construction 3909 Testing 3903 120 42 Anchors and Fittings, Window Cleaning 3283 Anthophyllite (see also Non Asbestiform 464 Tremolite, Anthophyllite, and Actinolite entry) 5208.1 491 Arsenic, Inorganic 5214 491 Application 5214(a) 492 Compliance 5214(g) 491 Definitions 5214(b) 494 Employee Training 5214(m) 492 Exposure Monitoring 5214(e) 493 Housekeeping 5214(j) 493 Hygiene Facilities and Practices 5214(k) Medical Surveillance Guidelines 5214(n), 5214 App C 494 496 495 Observation 5214(p) 492 Permissible Exposure Limit 5214(c) Protective Clothing and Equipment 5214(i) 493 495 Recordkeeping 5214(o) 492 Regulated Areas Limit 5214(f) 492 Respiratory Protection 5214(h) 491 Scope 5214(a) 494 Signs and Labels 5214(l) 495 Substance Information Sheet 5214 App A 496 Substance Technical Guidelines 5214 App B Asbestos Analyzing Air Samples 448 Mandatory Procedure 5208 App A 449 Non-Mandatory Procedure 5208 App B 442 Application 5208(a) Automotive Brake and 444 445 455 Clutch Repair 5208(f)(3)(A), (j), 5208 App F 444 Change Rooms 5208(i)(1) 443 Compliance Methods 5208(f) 442 Definitions 5208(b) 445 Employee Training 5208(j)(7) 443 455 Engineering Controls 5208(f)(1), 5208 App F 444 Brake and Clutch Repair 5208(f)(3)(A) Exposure 444 455 Brake and Clutch Repair 5208(f)(3), 5208 App F 442 Permissible Limits 5208(c) Exposure Monitoring 5208(d), (m)(1) 442 447 445 Hazard Communication 5208(j) 446 Housekeeping 5208(k) Hygiene 5208(i) 444 444 Change Rooms 5208(i)(1) 444 Lunchrooms 5208(i)(3) Showers 5208(i)(2) 444 445 456 Information for Employees 5208(j)(7), 5208 App G 88 Marine Terminal Operations 3463(c) Medical Questionnaires 5208 App D 454 446 Medical Surveillance 5208(l) 447 Chest X-Rays 5208(l)(3)(B) Interpretation and Classification of 5208 App E 455 456 Guidelines 5208 App H 442 Monitoring 5208(d) Polarized Light Microscopy 5208 App J 457 444 Protective Work Clothing and Equipment 5208(h) 444 Cleaning 5208(h)(3) Removal 5208(h)(2) 444 Replacement 5208(h)(3) 444 444 Storage 5208(h)(2) 447 Recordkeeping 5208(m) Medical Surveillance 5208(m)(3) 447 447 Training 5208(m)(4) 443 Regulated Areas 5208(e)

120

Section #, Page #

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 637 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Buildings Asbestos (continued) Respiratory Protection 5208(g) 444 444 Program 5208(g)(2) 444 Selection 5208(g)(3) 442 Scope 5208(a) 445 Signs 5208(j)(3) Smoking Cessation 5208 App I 457 455 Substance Technical Information 5208 App G 445 Training Employees 5208(j)(7) Warning Labels 5208(j)(4) 445 445 Warning Signs 5208(j)(3) 446 Waste Disposal 5208(k)(6) Automobile Lifts (see also Lifts under Motor Vehicles entry) 3541-3549

,

94

–

95

B

,

–

Section #, Page #

–

,

,

–

IX

,

,

IX Subject Index

Bakeries 156 Dough Brake 4544 155 Ovens 4530 Rotary Dough Kneaders 4547 156 Barges 179 Barge Mounted Land Crane 4885 Plate III Fig. 2 Cranes Mounted on 4942 185 87 Marine Terminal Operations 3461(d) 71 Bathrooms 3364, 3365 268 Batteries, Changing and Charging 5185 Benzene 513 Application 5218(a) 514 Compliance Methods 5218(f) 513 Definitions 5218(b) 514 Employee Exposure Limits 5218(c) 514 Exposure Monitoring 5218(e) 516 Hazard Communication 5218 (j) 517 Information and Training 5218(j)(3) 516 Material Safety Data Sheets 5218(j)(2) 516 Signs and Labels 5218(j)(1) 515 519 Medical Surveillance Guidelines 5218(i), 5218 App C 517 Observation 5218(l) 515 Protective Clothing and Equipment 5218(h) 517 Recordkeeping 5218(k) 514 Regulated Areas 5218(d) 515 Respiratory Protection 5218(g) 520 Sampling and Analytical Methods 5218 App D Scope 5218(a) 513 Substance Safety Data Sheet 5218 App A 517 518 Substance Technical Guidelines 5218 App B Blasting (see also Explosives entry) 5236-5374 537 563 234 Abrasive Blasting (see also Abrasive Blasting entry) 5151 540 Accident Reports and Procedures 5248 Black Powder Blasting 5243 539 539 Chlorate High Explosives 5241(a) 539 Competency and Qualifications of Blasters 5238 Coyote Hole 5294 549 537 Definitions 5237 549 Detonating Cord 5298.1 Electrical Firing 5299-5306 550 553 551 Auxiliary Switches 5301 552 Electric 5305 Firing Switches 5300 550 551 Leading Wires 5302 551 Power and Light Circuits 5304 Radio Transmitters 5306 552 554 Well Sites 5314 553 Excavation Work Under Compressed Air 5307 548 Firing of Explosives 5291 Loading Explosives 5278 547 539 Low-Freezing Explosives 5241(b) 545 Makeup or Primer House Requirements 5257

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Blasting (continued) Misfires 548 General 5293 560 561 Snow Avalanche Blasting 5358 548 Near Power Lines 5279 549 Non-electric Blasting Systems 5298 Safety Fuses Capped Fuses and Primers 5297 549 558 Snow Avalanche Blasting 5356 Storage 5296 549 549 Use 5295 548 Secondary Blasting 5292 558 561 Snow Avalanche Blasting 5355-5358 560 561 Misfires 5358 558 559 Placing Explosives Charges 5357 558 Safety Fuse 5356 558 Scope 5355 540 Storms, During 5245 Tamping Poles or Devices 5277 547 547 Tools Near 5276(b) 539 Training 5239 Underwater 5308 553 553 554 Wells Service Industry 5311-5314 554 Firing with Electricity 5314 553 Loading or Assembling Explosives and Devices 5312 553 Scope 5311 554 Storage and Transportation of Explosives 5313 311 Bloodborne Pathogens 5193 311 Application 5193(a) 312 Compliance Methods 5193(d) 311 Definitions 5193(b) 312 Engineering and Work Practice Controls 5193(d)(2)-(3) 312 Exposure 5193(c) 317 Hazard Communication 5193(g) HIV, HBV, and HCV 315 Research Labs and Production Facilities 5193(e) 314 Personal Protective Equipment 5193(d)(4) 318 Recordkeeping 5193(h) 311 Scope 5193(a) 312 632 Sharps Injury Log 5193(c)(2), Addendum 316 317 Training 5193(e)(5), (g)(2) 316 Vaccinations 5193(f) 317 Warning Labels and Signs 5193(g)(1) Boatswain’s Chairs 3286 44 44 Controlled Descent Apparatus 3286(d) Rigging, Block, and Tackle 3286(b) 44 44 Specifications 3286(c) 44 Use and Application 3286(a) Window Cleaning 3282(f), (g) 41 Boilers 64 Entering 3312 Laundry and Dry Cleaning Equipment 4493 154 Boom-Type Mobile Cranes (see also Boom-Type 183 185 Mobile Cranes under Cranes entry) 4920-4944 Brakes Amusement Rides 3904 120 125 Conveyors 3999(g) Cranes (see also Brakes under Cranes entry) 4898 181 187 Hoists 4971 118 Locomotives 3735 Motor Vehicles (see also Brakes under Motor Vehicles entry) 5208 App F 455 131 138 Power Operated Presses 4200, 4214 Tractors 3661 113 Buildings 29 Live Loads 3241 Powered Platforms and Equipment for Building Maintenance 47 Affected Parts of Buildings 3294 47 Application 3292 49 Construction 3295(b)

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637

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 638 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Buildings Buildings (continued) Powered Platforms and Equipment for Building Maintenance (continued) Definitions 3207, 3281, 3293, Article 6 App D 19 39 47 58 53 Design Requirements Article 6 App A Equipment 48 Installation 3295 Maintenance 3297 53 58 Existing Installations Article 6 App D 53 55 Fall Protection 3299, Article 6 App C General Maintenance 3297 53 52 Inspections 3296 48 Installation Equipment 3295 53 Operations 3298 53 55 Personal Fall Protection 3299, Article 6 App C 54 Stabilization Systems Diagrams Article 6 App B 49 Suspension Methods 3295(c) 52 Tests 3296 41 Window Cleaning (see also Window Cleaning entry) 3282 Bulk Oxygen Systems (see also Bulk Oxygen Systems under Oxygen entry) 5500-5509 577 578 Bulk Plants (see also Bulk Plants under Flammable Liquids entry) 5614-5624 593 595 1,3-Butadiene 374 Application 5201(a) 376 Compliance Methods 5201(f) 375 Definitions 5201(b) 377 Emergency Situations 5201(j) 376 Exposure Goal Program 5201(g) 375 Exposure Monitoring 5201(d) 378 Hazard Communication 5201(l) 377 Medical Screening and Surveillance 5201(k) 375 Permissible Exposure Limits 5201(c) 377 Protective Clothing and Equipment 5201(i) 378 Recordkeeping 5201(m) 376 Regulated Areas 5201(e) 376 Respiratory Protection 5201(h) 374 Scope 5201(a)

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C Cadmium 5207 392 414 Biological Monitoring 5207 App F 395 Change Rooms 5207(j)(2) 393 Compliance Methods 5207(f) Definitions 5207(b) 392 Emergency Situations 5207(h) 394 Exposure 393 Monitoring 5207(d) 393 Permissible Exposure Limit 5207(c) 393 Regulated Areas 5207(e) Hazard Communication 5207(m) 399 406 Health History Interview 5207 App D 395 Housekeeping 5207(k) Hygiene Areas and Practices 5207(j) 395 395 Medical Surveillance 5207(l) 400 Monitoring 5207(o) Protective Clothing and Equipment 5207(i) 394 399 Recordkeeping 5207(n) 399 Exposure Monitoring 5207(n)(1) Medical Surveillance 5207(n)(3) 399 399 Training 5207(n)(4) 393 Regulated Areas 5207(e) Access 5207(e)(3) 393 393 Demarcation 5207(e)(2) 393 Establishment 5207(e)(1) 393 Prohibited Activities 5207(e)(5) Respirators 5207(e)(4) 393 394 Respirator Protection 5207(g) 392 Scope 5207(a) Substance Safety Data Sheet 5207 App A 400

638

INDEX

Cadmium (continued) Substance Technical Guidelines 5207 App B 405 394 Ventilation 5207(f)(3) 399 Warning Labels 5207(m)(3) 399 Warning Signs 5207(m)(2) 406 Workplace Atmospheres 5207 App E Cal/OSHA District Offices Directory Addendum 629 Calcium Carbide 165 Opening Containers 4819 Storage 4818 164 California Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1973 1 Definitions 330 Candy 156 Caramel Slitters 4550 156 Cutters 4549 156 Nougat Cutter 4551 Carcinogens 466 Application 5209(a) Definitions 5209(b) 466 468 Medical Surveillance 5209(g) 469 Recordkeeping 5209(g)(2) Regulated Areas 5209(c)-(d) 467 389 Report of Use 5203 466 Scope 5209(a) 468 Signs, Information, and Training 5209(e) 285 Chemical Hygiene Plan 5191 157 158 Chemical Industry Machines 4565-4570 157 Extractors 4565 157 Automatically Fed and Discharged 4567 157 Open Top, Bottom Discharge 4568 157 Screw Cover Type 4566 158 Rolls 4569 158 Soap Presses 4570 Chemicals 273 Acutely Hazardous 5189 App A 285 Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals 5191 497 2-Chloroaniline (see also 4,4-Methylenebis entry) 5215 1 Citations 2 Notice 332.1.

2 Special Order 332.2.

Civil and Criminal Enforcement Policy of the 12 Division of Occupational Safety and Health 12 Civil Inspections and Investigations Criminal Investigations 12 159 Clay Working Machines 4625, 4626 Cleaners and Launderers Boilers 4493 154 154 Drying Boxes or Cabinets 4487 Drying Tumblers 4485 154 153 154 Equipment 4480-4494 153 Extractors 4482 Ironers Body Type 4490 154 154 Flatwork Type 4489 Press Type 4492 154 154 Rotary-Body Type 4491 153 Marking Machines 4480 Operating Rules 4494 154 154 Power Wringers 4483 154 Pressure Vessels 4493 Shakers 4486 154 153 Washing Machines 4481 285 Clinical Laboratories (see also Laboratories entry) 5191 Coke Oven Emissions Application 5211(a) 471 471 Compliance Methods 5211(f) 473 Compliance Program 5211(o) Definitions 5211(b) 471 473 Emergencies 5211(n) 474 Employee Training 5211(t)

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Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 639 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Cranes

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Section #, Page #

Confined Spaces (continued) Permit-Required Confined Spaces (continued) 254 Scope 5157(a) Sewer System Entry 5157 App E 262 263 Pre-entry 5158(d) 254 263 Scope 5156(a), 5158(a) Control of Hazardous Energy 3314 64 Conveyors 84 Agricultural 3446 Belt Conveyors 3999(b) 125 125 Brakes 3999(g) 125 Crossovers 3999(c) Gravity Conveyors, Marine Terminal Operations 3471 90 125 Occupied Areas 3999(d) 125 Powered Conveyors 3999(h) Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills 4412 149 125 Screw Conveyors 3999(a) 160 Cotton Gins 4647 Food and Tobacco Machinery 4553 155 Cotton 274 Dust (see also Cotton Dust entry) 5190 159 160 Gins 4640-4647 160 Balers 4645 160 Burr Machines 4646 159 Drives 4641 159 Elevated Platforms 4642 160 Power Drives 4643 Saws 4640 159 159 Employee Supervision 4640(f) Guards 4640(d) 159 159 Locks and Padlocks 4640(e) 159 Warning Signs 4640(g) Screw Conveyors 4647 160 159 Stands 4641 159 Transmission Enclosures 4642 Warning Devices 4644 160 277 Washed Cotton 5190(n) Cotton Dust 274 Action Levels 5190(c)(2) 278 Air Sampling and Analytical Procedures 5190 App A 275 Compliance Methods 5190(e) Definitions 5190(b) 274 278 Determining Concentrations 5190 App A 276 Employee Training 5190(i) Exposure Monitoring and Measurement 5190(d) 274 Medical Surveillance 5190(h) 276 274 Permissible Exposure Limits 5190(c)(1) Pulmonary Function Standards 5190 App D 284 Recordkeeping 5190(k) 277 275 Respirator Use 5190(f) 279 Respiratory Questionnaire 5190 App B Scope 5190(a) 274 277 Startup 5190(m) 285 Vertical Elutriator Equivalency Protocol 5190 App E Warning Signs 5190(j) 277 275 Work Practices 5190(g) 171 186 Cranes 4884-4955 Adjustments 5034 195 180 Barge Mounted Land Crane 4885 Plate III Fig. 2, 4942 182 184 Boom Hoist Mechanisms 4902, 4928 Booms Assembly and Disassembly 4992 188 195 Damaged 5035 Boom-Type Mobile Cranes 4920-4944 183 185 Adjustments, Brakes and Clutches 4932 185 185 Barge-Mounted Cranes 4942 184 Boom Blocks, Access to 4926 Boom Hoist Mechanisms 4902, 4928 182 184 183 Boomstops 4922 184 Couplers 4927

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603

IX

IX Subject Index

Coke Oven Emissions (continued) Engineering Controls 472 During Charging 5211(g) 472 During Coking 5211(h) 473 Filtered Air 5211(m) 474 Hygiene Facilities and Practices 5211(r) Maintenance 5211(l) 473 474 Medical Surveillance 5211(s) 471 Monitoring 5211(e) Observation 5211(w) 475 471 Permissible Exposure Limit 5211(c) 473 Protective Clothing and Equipment 5211(q) 475 Recordkeeping 5211(v) 471 Regulated Areas 5211(d) 473 Respiratory Protection 5211(p) 471 Scope 5211(a) 475 Warning Signs and Labels 5211(u) Work Practice Controls 472 During Charging 5211(i) 473 During Coking 5211(j) 473 During Pushing 5211(k) Cold Storage Exits 3250 30 30 General 3249 266 Combustible Dusts 5174 266 Combustible Metals 5175 Commercial Diving Operations (see also Commercial Diving 602 Operations under Diving Operations entry) 6059-6063 Compressed Air 94 Air Compressors 3518 443 Asbestos Removal 5208(f)(1)(H) 395 Cadmium Removal 5207(k)(6) Cylinders 161 Construction 4649 161 Handling 4650 161 Marking 4649 161 Storage 4650 161 Use 4650 63 Prohibited Uses 3301 Compressed Natural Gas Cylinders 161 Construction 4649 161 Handling 4650 Marking 4649 161 63 Pressure Vessels 3304(a) Regulating Equipment 3304(b) 63 161 Storage 4650 161 Use 4650 Prohibited Uses 3301 63 161 Safety Relief Devices 4657 254 264 Confined Spaces 5156-5158 Application 5156(b) 254 259 Atmospheric Testing Procedures 5157 App B 254 263 Definitions 5156(b), 5158(b) Employee Training 5158(c)(2) 263 263 Operating Procedures 5158(c)(1) 263 Operations 5158(e) Permit-Required Confined Spaces Atmospheric Testing Procedures 5157 App B 259 258 Attendant Duties 5157(i) Authorized Entrant Duties 5157(h) 258 259 Decision Flow Chart 5157 App A 254 Definitions 5157(b) Employee Training 5157(g) 257 Entry Permit 5157(f), 5157 App D 257 262 258 Entry Supervisor Duties 5157(j) 255 General Requirements 5157(c) Permit Space Program 5157(d) 256 260 Program Examples 5157 App C 258 Rescue and Emergency Services 5157(k)

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185

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INDEX

639

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 640 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Cranes Cranes (continued) Boom-Type Mobile Cranes (continued) 185 Demolition, Used in 4941 185 Floating Cranes 4943 185 Life Buoys 4944 185 Lighting 4940 Load Hoist Brakes 4930 184 184 Load Hoist Drums 4929 183 Load Rating Chart 4923 Load Safety Devices 4924 184 184 Machine House, Access to 4926 183 Operating Controls 4921 184 Operator’s Cab 4925 184 Operator’s Position, Access to 4926 185 Power-Controlled Lowering 4931 183 Purpose 4920 185 Sheave Guards 4935.1 189 Signals 5001 Swing Mechanism Brake and Locking Device 4934 185 185 Control 4933 Travel Brakes and Locks 4935 185 185 Truck Wedges or Jacks 4938 185 Warning Device 4936 185 Wheel Guards 4937 Brakes 181 Bridge Motion 4901 181 Foot Brake Pedals 4899 181 Hoists 4898 184 Load Hoist 4930 181 Locking Device 4900 186 Swing Brakes 4951 181 Swinging Motion 4901 185 Travel 4935 182 Bridge Buffers 4905 Cabs 180 Access to 4887 181 Illumination 4895 181 Outdoor 4888 Cages 180 Access to 4887 181 Outdoor 4888 174 Cantilever Gantry Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 4 Capacity Marking 4907 182 194 Certificates 5025 Clearances 4912 183 177 Commercial Truck-Mounted Cranes 4885 Plate I Fig. 15-a, b Container Handling Ship Loading/Unloading Double Cantilever Gantry 174 Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 4-b 174 Container Handling Yard Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 4-a 181 Controllers 4896 Crawler Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 19 178 171 Definitions 4885 189 Driver’s Position 4996 Examination Certificate 4885 Plate V, 5025 180 194 189 Fire Extinguishers 4997 179 185 Floating Crane 4885 Plate III Fig. 1, 4943 Floor-Operated Cranes 5009 193 181 Foot Brake Pedals 4899 182 Gantry Buffers 4905 Gantry Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 2 174 175 Hammerhead Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 7 190 High-Voltage Lines, Accident Prevention 5003 Hoisting Ropes 4908 182 Hoists, Brakes 4898 181 185 186 Hydraulic Cranes and Excavators 4945-4955 186 Boom Hoist and Supporting Mechanism 4949 Brakes 4953 186 186 Service Brakes 4953(b) 186 Travel Lock or Brake 4953(a)

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640

INDEX

Cranes (continued) Hydraulic Cranes and Excavators (continued) 186 Control 4952 185 Hoist Mechanisms 4946 176 Hydraulic Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 14 186 Hydraulic Relief Valves 4955 Load Lowering 4947 185 186 Operating Requirements 4954 185 Purpose 4945 Swing Lock and Swing Brake 4951 186 194 Inspection 5031 175 Jib Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 9 189 Limit Switches 5000 182 Load Indication 4907 Loads 189 Handling 4999 190 Overhead 5002 193 Proof Load Test 5022 Riding Loads 4995 188 Safe Working Load 194 Determination 5026 Increase 5028 194 194 Reduction 5027 178 Locomotive Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 18 Machine Houses 180 Access to 4887 181 Outdoor 4888 194 Maintenance 5033 91 Marine Terminal Operations 3472 192 Operating Practices 5008 188 193 Operating Rules 4990-5009 189 Driver’s Position 4996 189 Fire Extinguishers 4997 193 Floor-Operated Cranes 5009 189 Handling Loads 4999 188 Hoisting 4994 189 Limit Switches 5000 190 Overhead Loads 5002 192 Practices 5008 189 Refueling 4998 188 Riding Loads 4995 188 Scope 4990 189 Signals 5001 Suspended Personnel Platforms 5004 190 188 Swing 4993 Travel 4991 188 192 Operator’s Qualifications 5006, 5006.1 188 Outriggers, Use 4994(b) Overhead Traveling Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 1 174 181 Hoist Limit Device 4897 190 Personnel Platforms 5004 Pillar Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 10 176 176 Pillar Jib Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 11 175 Portal Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 5 Rail Clamps 4913 183 183 Rails 4911 189 Refueling 4998 Repairs 5034 195 188 Riding Loads 4995 174 Rubber Tired Gantry Cranes 4885 Plate I Fig. 4-a Runways 4910 183 182 Repair 4909 182 Travel Limit Device 4903 Scope 4884, 4990 171 188 Semi-Gantry Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 3 174 189 Signals 5001 174 Single-Leg Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 3 Swing 4993 188 193 194 Testing 5020-5028 193 Equipment Over Three Tons Rated Capacity 5021

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Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 641 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Derricks Cranes (continued) Testing (continued) 194 Examination of Bulk Cargo Handling Devices 5024 193 Operational Testing 5020 193 Proof Load Test 5022 193 Test Weights 5022.1 Tower Cranes Booms 186 Starting and Stopping 4965(e) Unattended 4967 187 186 Brake System 4965(f) 187 Dismantling 4966 187 Electrical Grounding 4969 187 Erection 4966 177 Free Standing Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 17 186 General 4965 186 Inspection 4965(i) 186 Load Rating Chart 4965(c) Luffing Boom Tower Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 17a 177 Mobile Crane with Tower Attachment 4885 Plate I Fig. 15 187 Operation 4966 Safety Devices 4968 187 177 Tower Climber Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 16 175 Whirley Type 4885 Plate I Fig. 6 188 Travel 4991 182 Trolley Bumpers 4904 178 Truck Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 21 176 Truck Crane Telescoping Boom 4885 Plate I Fig. 13 185 Truck Wedges or Jacks 4938 182 Truck Wheel Guards and Railsweeps 4906 175 Wall Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 8 181 Warning Devices 4889 178 Wheel Mounted Crane 4885 Plate I Fig. 20 183 Wind Indicators 4913 84 Crop-Dusting and Spraying Aircraft 3452

D

Section #, Page #

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INDEX

641

IX

IX Subject Index

Definitions 96 Abrasive Wheels 3575(b) 482 Acrylonitrile 5213(b) 106 Aerial Devices 3637 85 Agricultural Laborers 3457(b) 83 Agricultural Operations 3437 Amusement Rides 3901 120 Arsenic, Inorganic 5214(b) 491 442 Asbestos 5208(b) Benzene 5218(b) 513 311 Bloodborne Pathogens 5193(b) 375 1,3-Butadiene 5201(b) Cadmium 5207(b) 392 466 Carcinogens 5209(b) 471 Coke Oven Emissions 5211(b) Compaction Equipment 4351 146 274 Cotton Dust 5190(b) 171 Cranes 4885 Derricks 4885 171 476 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) 5212(b) 597 Diving Operations 6051 Dusts, Fumes, Mists, Vapors, and Gases 5140 219 106 Elevated Work Platforms 3637 523 Ethylene Dibromide 5219(b) Ethylene Oxide 5220(b) 526 537 Explosives 5237 85 Field Sanitation, Agricultural Laborers 3457(b) 74 Fire Fighters, Personal Protective Equipment 3402 Fire Protection 6150(a) 607 565 Flammable Liquids, Gases, and Vapors 5415 140 Forging Machines 4239(a) Formaldehyde 5217(b) 500

176

Definitions (continued) Hazard Communication 5194(c) 320 285 Hazardous Chemicals 5191(b) 264 Hazardous Substances 5161 Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response 5192(a)(3) 293 171 Hoisting Equipment 4885 Industrial Plants (see also Definitions under Plants, Industrial entry) 3207 19 117 Industrial Railroads 3731 Industrial Trucks 3649 109 491 Inorganic Arsenic 5214(b) 105 Ladder Stands 3621 334 Lead 5198(b) 123 Machines 3941 87 Marine Terminal Operations 3460 140 Metal Working Machines 4239(a) 379 Methylene Chloride 5202(b) 497 4,4-Methylenebis (2-Chloroaniline) 5215(b) Methylenedianiline 5200(b) 366 213 Noise Control 5095(b) Occupational Injuries or Illnesses 624 Recording 14300.46 613 Reporting 14000 254 Permit-Required Confined Spaces 5157(b) Plants, Industrial (see also 19 Definitions under Plants, Industrial entry) 3207 128 Power Operated Presses 4188(b) 117 Railroads, Industrial 3731 220 Respiratory Protection 5144(b) 195 Slings 5041 152 Textiles 4457 109 Tractors 3649 469 Vinyl Chloride 5210(b) 163 Welding, Gas Systems 4795 39 Window Cleaning 3281 142 Woodworking Machines and Equipment 4297 Derricks 195 Adjustments 5034 178 A-Frame Derrick 4885 Plate II 186 Bearings, Access 4963 186 Blocks, Access 4963 179 Breast Derrick 4885 Plate II 179 Chicago Boom Derrick 4885 Plate II Construction 4960 186 171 Definitions 4885 Examination Certificate 4885 Plate V, 5025 180 194 189 Fire Extinguishers 4997 180 185 Floating A-Frame Derrick 4885 Plate III Fig. 4, 4943 Floating Stiff Leg Derrick 4885 Plate III Fig. 3, 4943 180 185 178 Gin Pole Derrick 4885 Plate II 179 Guy Derrick 4885 Plate II High-Voltage Lines, Accident Prevention 5003 190 186 Hoisting Ropes 4962 194 Inspection 5031 Loads Handling 4999 189 190 Overhead 5002 Proof Load Test 5023 193 188 Riding Loads 4995 Safe Working Load 194 Determination 5026 194 Increase 5028 194 Reduction 5027 Maintenance 5033 194 Operating Practices 5008 192 188 193 Operating Rules 4990-5009 188 Booms 4992 Driver’s Position 4996 189 189 Fire Extinguishers 4997 189 Handling Loads 4999

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 642 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Derricks Derricks (continued) Operating Rules (continued) 188 Hoisting 4994 190 Overhead Loads 5002 192 Practices 5008 189 Refueling 4998 Riding Loads 4995 188 188 Scope 4990 189 Signals 5001 Suspended Personnel Platforms 5004 190 188 Swing 4993 188 Travel 4991 192 Operator’s Qualifications 5006 190 Personnel Platforms 5004 186 Rated Load Marking 4961 189 Refueling 4998 195 Repairs 5034 188 Riding Loads 4995 Scope 4884, 4990 171 188 186 Sheaves, Access 4963 186 189 Signals 4964, 5001 Stiff Leg Derrick 4885 Plate II 179 193 194 Testing 5020-5028 193 Equipment Over Three Tons Rated Capacity 5021 193 Operational Testing 5020 193 Proof Load Test 5022 193 Test Weights 5022.1 180 Unit Test Certificate 4885 Plate V 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) 475 Application 5212(a) 476 Compliance Methods 5212(g) 476 Definitions 5212(b) 476 Emergencies 5212(i) 478 Employee Training 5212(n) 476 Exposure Monitoring 5212(f) 477 Housekeeping 5212(k) 477 Hygiene Facilities and Practices 5212(l) 477 Medical Surveillance Guidelines 5212(m), 5192 App C 478 Observation 5212(q) 476 Permissible Exposure Limit 5212(c) 477 Protective Clothing and Equipment 5212(j) 478 Recordkeeping 5212(p) 476 Regulated Areas 5212(e) Respirators 5212(h) 476 475 Scope 5212(a) Signs and Labels 5212(o) 478 479 Substance Safety Data Sheet 5212 App A 479 Substance Technical Guidelines 5212 App B Die Casting Machines 4261-4266 141 Cold Chamber Machines 141 Controls 4261 Helper’s Protection 4263 141 141 Controls 4261 141 Helper’s Protection 4263 Holding Furnaces 4266 141 Hot Chamber Machines 141 Controls 4261 Helper’s Protection 4263 141 141 Ladling Operations 4262 141 Plunger Control 4264 Shields 4265 141 567 Dip Tanks 597 603 Diving Operations 6050-6063 Air Compressor Systems 6057(d) 601 Basic Operation Procedures 6056 599 602 603 Commercial Diving Operations 6059-6063 602 Decompression Chambers 6063(a) Diving Procedures 6060 602 602 Equipment Requirements 6063 602 General 6059

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642

INDEX

602

,

,

,

Diving Operations (continued) Commercial Diving Operations (continued) 602 Mixed-Gas Diving 6061 602 Post Dive Procedures 6062 Decompression Chambers, Commercial Diving Operations 6063(a) 597 Definitions 6051 Dive Team 6052(c) 598 598 Training and Experience 6052(d) 598 599 Diving Safety Manual 6052(b), 6054 Employer Obligation 6052(a) 598 600 Equipment Procedures and Requirements 6057 602 Commercial Diving Operations 6063 598 First-Aid Supplies 6052(f) 599 HOOKAH Diving 6056(a)(5) 600 Liveboating 6056(c) 598 Medical Requirements 6053 601 Oxygen Safety 6057(e) 599 Planning 6055 Recordkeeping 6052(g), 6057(a), 6058 598 600 601 603 Scientific Purposes App B 597 Scope 6050(a) SCUBA Diving Equipment 6057(b) 600 599 Operation Procedures 6056(a) Surface-Supplied Air Diving 600 Equipment 6058(c) 600 Operation Procedures 6056(b) 598 Warning Flag 6052(e) 333 DOT Markings, Placards and Labels 5194.1 Drainage 590 Aboveground Tanks 5595 595 Bulk Plants 5623 582 Flammable and Combustible Liquids 5546(a) 63 Industrial Plants 3309 63 Pits 3309(a) 586 Service Stations 5579 63 Trenches 3309(a) 63 Tunnels 3309(a)

481

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E Emergencies 483 Acrylonitrile 5213(i) 377 1,3-Butadiene 5201(j) Cadmium 5207(h) 394 Coke Oven Emissions 5211(n) 473 293 Definitions 5192(a)(3) 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) 5212(i) 476 24 Emergency Action Plan 3220 524 Ethylene Dibromide 5219(i) Ethylene Oxide 5220(h) 527 502 Formaldehyde 5217(k) 300 302 Hazardous Wastes 5192(l), (q) Medical Treatment 3400 74 498 4,4-Methylenebis 5215(h) 366 Methylenedianiline 5200(d) Vinyl Chloride 5210(i) 470 24 Emergency Action Plan 3220 74 Emergency Medical Services 3400 Employers' Obligation to Provide Information to Employees 7 152 Engraving Presses, Hand Fed 4445 95 Equipment and Tools (see also Machinery entry) 3555-3564 Airless Spray Guns 3559.1 95 121 Amusement Rides, Assembly and Disassembly 3911(d) Definitions 95 Jack 3555 Rating 3555 95 95 General 3556

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Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 643 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Explosives

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Explosives (continued) Disposal 5240 539 548 Firing 5291 547 Handling 5276 547 Loading 5278 548 Near Power Lines 5279 Pneumatic Loading 5280 548 Magazines 543 Construction 5253.1 Heating 5254 544 540 544 Storage 5251, 5256 543 Type 1 5253.1(a) 544 Type 2 5253.1(b) 544 Type 3 5253.1(c) 544 Type 4 5253.1(d) 544 Type 5 5253.1(e) 543 Use 5253.1 544 Ventilation 5253.1(f) Manufacturing and Processing 5319-5330 554 556 554 Change Rooms 5324 555 Equipment 5328 Explosives Operations 5329 556 554 Food 5325 Operating Buildings 555 Buildings and Equipment 5328 554 Intraline Separation 5327 554 Plans of Plant 5321 554 Reporting Requirements 5320 554 Scope 5319 556 Testing 5330 554 Training 5322 554 Washing Facilities 5324 88 Marine Terminal Operations 3462 556 558 Mixing 5340-5348 556 Buildings 5342 557 Composition 5345 556 Location 5341 557 Mix Room Equipment 5344 On-Site Mixed Water Gels, 557 Slurries, Emulsions, and Blasting Agents 5348 556 557 Transportation 5340(a), 5347 540 Open Flame Near 5246 540 Permits 5247(a) Purpose 5236 537 Small Arms Ammunition 563 Primers 5374 562 Scope 5370 562 Storage 5371 Smokeless Propellants 5372 562 540 Smoking Near 5246 540 Storage 5251 Ammonium Nitrate 5360 561 562 Bulk Storage 5363 562 Containers 5362 Quantity and Distance Table 5253 543 559 561 Scope 5359 562 Structures 5361 Blasting Agents 5346 557 543 Quantity and Distance Table 5253 540 Permits 5247(a) Quantity and Distance Table 5252, 5252.1 541 543 545 Underground 5258 547 Tamping Poles or Devices 5277 Training 5239 539 Transportation 5262 545 546 Aircraft 5269 556 557 Blasting Agents 5340(a), 5347 Hoisting 5265 546 546 Lowering 5265 546 Manual Transportation 5268

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IX

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,

IX Subject Index

Equipment and Tools (continued) Hand Tools 81 Climber Spurs 3426(d) 68 Cutting Tools 3330(b) 67 Placing and Removing Materials 3330(a) Portable Power Hand Tools 81 Backpack Power Units 3425(b) 81 Gasoline Engine Power Saws 3425(a) 81 Pruners and Saws 3426(b) Ropes 3426(c) 81 45 Window Cleaning 3289 Industrial Plants (see also 67 Equipment under Plants, Industrial entry) 3328 95 Jacks 3562 95 Definition 3555 95 Rating, Definition 3555 32 Ladders (see also Ladders entry) 3277 95 Pneumatic Tools 3559 Portable Tools Controls 3557 95 95 Switches 3557 Portable Winches 3564 95 95 Powder-Actuated Tools 3559 95 Power Lawn Mowers 3563 30 Rope Access Equipment 3270.1 195 209 Slings (see also Slings entry) 5040-5049 66 Tire Inflation Equipment 3325 218 Ergonomics, Repetitive Motion Injuries 5110 Ethylene Dibromide 523 Application 5219(a) 524 Compliance Methods 5219(f) 523 Definitions 5219(b) 524 Emergencies 5219(i) 524 525 Employee Training 5219(j), 5219 App 523 Exposure Monitoring 5219(e) 525 Medical Surveillance 5219(m) 523 Permissible Exposure Limit 5219(c) 524 Protective Clothing and Equipment 5219(g) 525 Receipt of Materials 5219(n) 525 Recordkeeping 5219(l) 524 Respiratory Protection 5219(h) 523 Scope 5219(a) 525 Signs 5219(k) Ethylene Oxide 526 Application 5220(a) Compliance Methods 5220(f) 526 526 Definitions 5220(b) 527 Emergencies 5220(h) Exposure Monitoring 5220(d) 526 528 Hazard Communication 5220(j) 527 532 Medical Surveillance Guidelines 5220(i), 5220 App C Observation 5220(l) 529 526 Permissible Exposure Limit 5220(c) 527 Personal Protective Equipment 5220(g)(4) Recordkeeping 5220(k) 528 526 Regulated Areas 5220(e) 527 Respiratory Protection 5220(g) Sampling and Analytical Method 5220 App D 533 526 Scope 5220(a) 529 Substance Safety Data Sheet 5220 App A Substance Technical Guidelines 5220 App B 531 24 Exits (see also Exits under Plants, Industrial entry) 3215 537 563 Explosives (see also Blasting entry) 5236-5374 Black Powder Blasting 5243 539 562 Propellants 5373 539 Blasting 5241 Blasting Operations During Storms 5245 540 539 Competency and Qualifications of Blasters 5238 537 Definitions 5237

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,

,

INDEX

643

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 644 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Explosives Explosives (continued) Transportation (continued) 540 Permits 5247(a) 546 Rail Transportation 5266 546 Special Trackless Vehicles 5267 546 Terminals 5270 Underground Transportation 5264 546 546 Hoisting 5265 546 Lowering 5265 Rail Transportation 5266 546 546 Special Trackless Vehicles 5267 556 Water Gels 5340(b) 546 Water Transportation 5269 540 Underground Use 5244 547 Use 5276 539 Water Gels 5242 On-Site Mixed Water Gels, 557 Slurries, Emulsions, and Blasting Agents 5348 Transportation 5340(b) 556 Well Service Industry 553 Assembly 5312 Firing with Electricity 5314 554 553 Loading 5312 554 Storage 5313 554 Transportation 5313 Exposure 482 Acrylonitrile 5213 (c), (e) 492 Arsenic, Inorganic 5214 (c), (e) Asbestos (see also Exposure under Asbestos entry) 5208(c), (d) 514 Benzene 5218 (c), (e) 312 Bloodborne Pathogens 5193(c) Chemical Contaminants, Permissible Exposure Limits 5155 App 471 Coke Oven Emissions 5211 (c), (e) 274 Cotton Dust 5190 (c), (d) 476 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) 5212(c), (f) 14 Employee Access to Records 3204 523 Ethylene Dibromide 5219(c), (e) 526 Ethylene Oxide 5220(c), (d) 500 Formaldehyde 5217(c), (d) 334 Lead 5198(c), (d) 379 Methylene Chloride 5202(c), (d) 366 367 Methylenedianiline 5200(c), (e) 213 218 Noise 5095-5100 Computation 5100 App A 215 213 Definitions 5095(b) Exposure Limits 5096 213 215 Recordkeeping 5100 213 Scope 5095(a) Vinyl Chloride 5210(c), (d) 469 72 Eye Protection 3382 265 Emergency Eyewash 5162 Fire Fighters 3404 76 72 Lasers 3382(e) 211 Ultra-Violet Radiation 5079(a)

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442

243

,

F Falls and Fall Protection 86 Date Palm Operations 3458 Powered Platforms and Equipment 3284(c), 3299, Article 6 App C 44 53 55 79 Signs, Outdoor 3416 Window Cleaning 3284(c), Article 6 App C 44 55 85 Farm Workers (see also Agricultural Laborers entry) 3457 84 Fertilizers, Applicator Rigs, Tanks, and Vessels 3453 Fire Alarm Systems and Devices 612 (see also Fire Extinguishers, Fire Prevention entries) 6184 612 Employee Alarm Systems 6184 610 Fixed Extinguishing Systems 6175

,

,

644

INDEX

,

Fire Alarm Systems and Devices (continued) Sprinkler Systems 610 Automatic 6170 611 Foam Water 6182 611 Water Spray 6182 Fire Extinguishers (see also Fire Alarm Systems and 610 Devices, Sprinkler Systems entries) 6175 610 Fixed Systems 6175 Dry Chemical 6180 611 611 Foam Water 6182 611 Gaseous Systems 6181 611 Water Spray 6182 608 Portable 6151 Fire Fighters, Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment 74 Application 3401 76 Body Protection 3406 74 Definitions 3402 Ear Protection 3405 76 76 Eye Protection 3404 76 Face Protection 3404 Foot Protection 3408 77 76 Hand Protection 3407 75 Head Protection 3403 76 Neck Protection 3405 74 Personal Alarms 3401(c) 78 Private Fire Brigades 3411(d) 77 Respiratory Protection 3409 77 Wildland Fire Fighting 3410 76 Wrist Protection 3407 Fire Prevention Alarms (see also Fire Alarm Systems and Devices entry) 6184 595 Bulk Plants 5624 581 Container and Portable Tank Storage 5543 167 Cutting Operations 4848 607 Definitions 6150 568 Dip Tanks 5434 610 Extinguishers (see also Fire Extinguishers entry) 6175 612 Fire Detection Systems 6183 586 Gas Stations 5581 582 Industrial Plants 5548 583 Processing Plants 5559 586 Service Stations 5581 Spray Coating Operations 5452 571 610 611 Sprinkler Systems 6170, 6182 Standpipe and Hose Systems 6165 609 Testing 612 Employee Alarm Systems 6184(d) Fire Detection Systems 6183(c) 612 608 Portable Fire Extinguishers 6151(e) 609 Standpipe and Hose Systems 6165(f) Welding Operations 4848 167 25 Fire Prevention Plan 3221 Fire Safety (see also 25 Fire Safety under Plants, Industrial entry) 3221 Fireworks, Pyrotechnics 537 Definitions 5237 Disposal 5240 539 Manufacturing 554 Change Rooms 5324 Equipment 5328 555 556 Explosives Operations 5329 554 Food 5325 Operating Buildings Buildings and Equipment 5328 555 554 Intraline Separation 5327 554 Plans of Plant 5321 Reporting Requirements 5320 554 554 Scope 5319 556 Testing 5330

612

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Section #, Page #

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 645 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Flammable Liquids

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Section #, Page #

Flammable Liquids (continued) Dip Tanks (continued) 568 Hardening and Tempering Tanks 5436 567 Heating Liquids 5430 568 Ignition Sources 5432 568 Maintenance 5433 Operations 5433 568 569 Roll Coating 5439 567 Salvage Tanks 5428 Storage 5431(a) 567 567 Ventilation 5427 595 Distilleries 5629 567 Drums, Containing 5418 578 Electrical Installations and Equipment 5530 587 Low Pressure Tanks 5586 592 593 Piping Systems 5606-5612 593 Corrosion, Protection Against 5610 592 Design 5606(a) Materials 5607 592 593 Pipe Joints 5608 593 Supports 5609 Testing 5612 593 592 593 Valves 5607, 5611 587 Pressure Vessels 5587 582 583 Processing Plants 5554-5562 583 Construction 5556 583 Fire Control 5559 583 Housekeeping 5562 583 Ignition Sources 5560 582 Location 5555 583 Maintenance 5561 583 Repair 5561 582 Scope 5554 583 Storage 5557 583 Tank Vehicle and Tank Car Loading and Unloading 5558 595 Refineries 5629 Service Stations (see also 583 586 Service Stations entry) 5565-5581 Storage 580 Assembly Occupancies 5537 Buildings 580 Containing More Than Three Dwelling Units 5537 580 Inside Buildings 5536-5541 Outside Buildings 5542 581 Design and Construction 579 Containers 5532 580 Inside Storage Rooms 5534 579 Storage Cabinets 5533 Educational Occupancies 5538 580 581 Fire Control 5543 580 Hotels 5537 Inside Storage Rooms 5535 580 580 Design and Construction 5534 580 Institutional Occupancies 5538 Office Occupancies 5538 580 579 Storage Cabinets, Design and Construction 5533 580 Warehouses 5540, 5541 Tanks 5420, 5583-5605 567 586 592 587 591 Aboveground Tanks 5589-5596 590 Dikes 5595 Drainage 5595 590 587 Installation 5589 588 Location 5591 Openings Other Than Vents 5596 591 Separation from Important 588 Buildings on Same Property 5591 583 Service Stations 5566 Spacing Between 5590 588

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IX

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,

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IX Subject Index

Fireworks, Pyrotechnics (continued) Manufacturing (continued) 554 Training 5322 554 Washing Facilities 5324 540 Open Flame Near 5246 540 Permits 5247 Purpose 5236 537 540 Smoking Near 5246 539 Training 5239 First Aid Agricultural Operations 3439 83 598 Diving Operations 6052(f) 535 Fumigation 5221(c) 88 Marine Terminal Operations 3464(b) 74 Medical Services and First Aid 3400 81 Tree Work 3421(j) 27 Fixed Industrial Stairs 3234 32 Fixed Ladders 3277 Flammable Gases Definitions 5415 565 63 Discharge Location 3310(d) Hydrogen (see also Hydrogen entry) 5465-5498 573 577 566 Ignition Sources 5416(c) 577 578 Oxygen (see also Oxygen entry) 5500-5509 269 Process Safety Management 5189 566 Ventilation 5416(a) Flammable Liquids Aboveground Tanks (see also 587 591 Tanks, this heading) 5589-5596 586 Atmospheric Tanks 5585 Class IIIB, Liquid Level Indicators and 586 Temperature Regulators 5585.1 593 595 Bulk Plants 5614-5624 593 Buildings 5617 595 Drainage 5623 594 Electrical Equipment 2540.8, 5621 595 Fire Control 5624 595 Ignition Sources 5622 593 Loading Facilities 5619 593 Scope 5614 593 Storage 5616 593 Unloading Facilities 5619 593 Ventilation 5618 Waste Disposal 5623 595 594 Wharves 5620 Carboys, Containing 5418 567 595 Chemical Plants 5629 567 Containers 5420 Bulk Plants 5616 593 579 Capacity 5532 567 Carboys, Storage 5418(a) Construction 5532 579 566 Covering 5417(e) 579 Design 5532 Drums, Storage 5418(a) 567 567 Gauges 5417(f) 566 Marking 5417(a) Processing Plants, Storage 5557 583 566 Spraying 5417(c) 567 Tanks 5420 Vats 5420 567 565 Definitions 5415 567 569 Dip Tanks 5426-5439 Construction 5426 567 Containers 5431(b) 567 567 Conveyor Systems 5429 568 Covers 5435 Electrostatic Apparatus 5438 568 568 Fire Protection 5434 568 Flow Coat 5437

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INDEX

645

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 646 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Flammable Liquids Flammable Liquids (continued) Tanks (continued) Aboveground Tanks (continued) Venting 589 Emergency Relief Venting 5593 588 Normal Venting 5592 Vent Piping 5594 590 590 Walls 5595 592 Anchorage 5602 Atmospheric Tanks 5585 586 Class IIIB, Liquid Level Indicators and Temperature Regulators 5585.1 587 Corrosion 5588 586 Fabrication 5584 592 Flooded Areas, Protection 5605 592 Foundations 5602 592 Ignition Sources 5603 Inside Buildings 592 Openings Other Than Vents 5601 591 Vents 5600 Installation 591 Inside Buildings 5600 587 Outside Aboveground Tanks 5589 591 Underground Tanks 5597 587 Internal Corrosion 5588 587 Low Pressure Tanks 5586 586 Materials 5583 587 Pressure Vessels 5587 583 Processing Plants 5557 592 Sources of Ignition 5603 592 Supports 5602 592 Testing 5604 Underground Tanks 591 Installation 5597 591 Openings Other Than Vents 5599 591 Vents 5598 592 Valves 5607 567 Vats 5420 594 Wharves 5620 595 Wineries 5629 Flammable Vapors 567 Carboys 5418(c) 565 Definitions 5415 Discharge Location 3310(d) 63 567 Drums 5418(d) Ignition Sources 5416(b), (c) 566 566 Smoking, Prohibited 5416(d) 566 Ventilation 5416(a) Food Air Conditioning Units 4536 155 155 Bakery Ovens 4530 Blenders 4531 155 155 Bread Coolers 4536 156 Cake Cutters 4541 Candy Caramel Slitters 4550 156 156 Cutters 4549 Nougat Cutters 4551 156 71 Consumption 3368 156 Dividers 4545 Dough Brake 4544 156 155 Dumpbins 4531 155 Fermentation Rooms 4536 Fish Grinders 4552 156 Flour Sifters, Enclosure 4534 155 156 Food Grinders 4552 157 Food Patty Machines, Hand-Fed 4554 Garbage Disposal Equipment 4559 157 157 Ice Breakers and Crushers 4556 157 Ice Cubing and Ice Scoring Machines 4555

646

INDEX

586

Food (continued) Meat 157 Meat Choppers 4553 156 Meat Cutting Band Saw Blades 4543 156 Meat Grinders 4552 156 Mixers 4542 Moulders 4546 156 155 Pan Washing Tanks 4538 155 Pomace Pumps 4539 Pressure Bottling Machine 4540 155 554 Pyrotechnics, Near 5325 156 Rotary Dough Kneaders 4547 155 Screw Conveyors 4533 156 Slicers 4548 155 Steam Kettles, Locking Devices 4537 155 Storage Bins 4532 155 Trough Hoists 4535 156 Wrappers 4548 Foot Protection 3385 73 77 Fire Fighters 3408 Forklifts (see also 109 Industrial Trucks under Plants, Industrial entry) 3650 Formaldehyde 500 Application 5217(a) 501 Compliance Methods 5217(f) 500 Definitions 5217(b) 502 Emergencies 5217(k) 504 Employee Training 5217(n) 500 Exposure Monitoring 5217(d) 503 Hazard Communication 5217(m) 502 Housekeeping 5217(j) 502 Hygiene 5217(i) 513 Medical Disease Questionnaire 5217 App D 502 511 Medical Surveillance Guidelines 5217(l), 5217 App C 500 Permissible Exposure Limit 5217(c) 501 Protective Equipment and Clothing 5217(h) 504 Recordkeeping 5217(o) 501 Regulated Areas 5217(e) 501 Respiratory Protection 5217(g) 507 Sampling Strategy and Analytical Methods 5217 App B 500 Scope 5217(a) Fruits and Vegetables 525 Ethylene Dibromide Exposure 5219 App Metal Fruit-Picking Poles 3455(b) 85 Fueling (see also Fuel, 65 Gasoline under Service Stations entry) 3319 Fumigation 535 Antidotes 5221(c) Buildings 5223 535 535 Chambers 5222 535 Cracks and Crevices, Sealing 5223(a)(1) Doors, Sealing 5223(a)(2) 535 535 First Aid 5221(c) 535 Food Products 5222(a) Ignition Sources, Removal 5222(e), 5223(a)(8) 535 535 Respirators 5221(a), 5223(a)(3) 535 Rooms 5223(a)(4), (5) Testing Air Buildings 5223(a)(6) 535 535 Chambers 5222(c) Rooms 5223(a)(6) 535 535 Vaults 5222(c) 535 Textiles 5222(a) Vaults 5222 535 Warning Signs 535 Buildings 5223(a)(2) 535 Chambers 5222(b) Rooms 5223(a)(2) 535 535 Vaults 5222(b) 535 Windows, Sealing 5223(a)(2)

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Section #, Page #

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 647 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Hazardous Substances

G Gantry Trucks (see also Gantry Trucks under 119 120 Plants, Industrial entry) 3801-3809 Garbage (see also Waste Disposal entry) 4559 157 220 Gas Masks (see also Respirators entry) 5144 Gas Stations (see also Service Stations entry) 5565-5581 583 Gasoline (see also Gasoline under Service Stations entry) 5571 Generators Welding (see also Generators 163 under Welding, Gas Systems entry) 4797 159 Glass Working Machines 4625, 4626 267 Grain Handling Facilities 5178 Guarding Belt and Pulley Drives 4070 126 123 Clearances 3944 Extension Piston Rods 3997 125 125 Flywheels 3995 126 Friction Drives 4076 Gears 4075 126 125 Moving Parts 4002 127 Point of Operation 4184, 4186 126 Sprocket Chain Drives 4075 126 Sprockets 4075 123 Standards 3943 125 Tail Rods and Crossheads 3997 123 Types 3942 Guardrails (see also 21 Guardrails under Plants, Industrial entry) 3209

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– 586 584

H

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IX

,

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Hand and Portable Powered Tools and Equipment 95 73 Hand Protection 3384 76 Fire Fighters 3407 Haulage Vehicles 3666 115 Hazard Communication 319 Application 5194(b) Definitions 5194(c) 320 321 Hazard Determination 5194(d) 322 Labels 5194(f) 322 Material Safety Data Sheets 5194(g) Proposition 65 Warnings 5194(b)(6) 319 327 Terms and Provisions 5194 App E Scope 5194(b) 319 Training 5194(h) 323 322 Warning 5194(f) Written Program 5194(e) 321 Hazardous Substances Acutely Hazardous Materials 273 List 5189 App A Process Safety Management 5189 269 Air Sampling and Analytical 278 Procedures, Concentrations of Cotton Dust 5190 App A Airborne Contaminants 5155 242 266 Aluminum 5175 311 Bloodborne Pathogens 5193 1,3-Butadiene 5201 374 Chemical Contaminants, Permissible Exposure Limits 5155 App 243 285 Chemicals, Occupational Exposure in Laboratories 5191 Chemical Hygiene Plan 5191 App A 288 293 Clean-up or Removal Operations 5192 308 Compliance Guidelines 5192 App C Levels of Protection and Protective Gear 5192 App B 307 304 Personal Protective Equipment Test Methods 5192 App A 266 Combustible Dusts 5174 Combustible Metals 5175 266 Compressed Gas, Used to 63 Transfer Substances to Different Containers 3301(e)

Section #, Page #

Hazardous Substances (continued) Containers 265 Altering 5166 265 Cleaning 5166 266 Cutting 5166(b) 322 333 Labels 5194(f), 5194.1 Repairing 5166 265 265 Storage 5164 266 Welding 5166(b) Cotton Dust 5190 274 266 Cyanide, Open Surface Tanks 5169 Definitions 293 Clean-up or Removal Operations 5192(a)(3) 274 Cotton Dust 5190(b) 293 Emergency Response 5192(a)(3) 264 General 5161 320 Hazard Communication Programs 5194(c) 285 Hazardous Chemicals 5191(b) Health Hazards 5194 App A 325 265 Dispensing Devices 5165 Drums and Containers, 299 Clean-up or Removal Operations 5192(j) 266 Dusts, Combustible 5174 219 233 Dusts, Fumes, Mists, Vapors, and Gases 5139-5155 234 Abrasive Blasting 5151 Biological Safety Cabinets 242 HEPA Filter Aerosol Test Protocol 5154.2 App A 242 Start Up and Shut Down Procedures 5154.2 App B 240 Ventilation 5154.2 Chemical Contaminants, 243 Permissible Exposure Limits 5155 App 219 Definitions 5140 223 225 Fit Testing 5144(f), 5144 App A 235 Grinding, Polishing, and Buffing 5152 219 Harmful Exposure, Control 5141 Heating, Ventilating, and Air 219 Conditioning Systems, Building Ventilation 5142 Internal Combustion 233 Engine Exhaust Emission Control 5146 239 Laboratory-Type Hood Operations, Ventilation 5154.1 220 Mechanical Ventilation Systems 5143 233 Media for Allaying 5145 237 Open-Surface Tank Operations 5154 234 Oxygen Deficiency 5149 Personal Protective Equipment 234 Abrasive Blasting Operations 5151(b) Grinding, Polishing, and Buffing Operations 5152 235 237 Open-Surface Tank Operations 5154 237 Spray Coating Operations 5153 Welding, Brazing, and Cutting 5150 234 219 Purpose 5139 Smoking 5148 233 237 Spray Coating Operations 5153 233 Suppressing 5145 Ventilation 234 Abrasive Blasting 5151 240 Biological Safety Cabinets 5154.2 Grinding, Polishing, and Buffing Operations 5152 235 239 Laboratory-Type Hood Operations 5154.1 237 Open-Surface Tank Operations 5154 237 Spray Coating Operations 5153 Systems 219 Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning 5142 220 Mechanical 5143 Welding, Brazing, and Cutting 5150 234 265 Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment 5162 Emergency Response 5192(q) 302 308 Compliance Guidelines 5192 App C 307 Levels of Protection and Protective Gear 5192 App B Personal Protective Equipment Test Methods 5192 App A 304 310 References 5192 App D

647

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 648 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Hazardous Substances Hazardous Substances (continued) Equipment 5167 266 265 Eyewash Equipment 5162 267 Grain Handling Facilities 5178 Hazard Communication 319 (see also Hazard Communication entry) 5194 Hazard Determination 5194 App B 326 Hazardous Chemicals, 285 Occupational Exposure in Laboratories 5191 Chemical Hygiene Plan 5191 App A 288 325 Health Hazard Definitions 5194 App A 326 Information Sources 5194 App C 334 Lead 5198 88 Marine Terminal Operations 3463 266 Metals, Combustible 5175 379 Methylene Chloride 5202 266 Mixing 5167(a) 269 Molten Salt Baths 5188(a) Nitrate Baths 5188(b) 269 269 Nitrocellulose 5187 333 Nitrous Oxide 5195 Overflow Control 5163 265 243 Permissible Exposure Limits 5155 App 266 Processes 5167 266 Pyrophoric Substances 5176 269 Pyroxylin Plastic 5186 Removal Operations (see also 293 Clean-up or Removal Operations, this heading) 5192 220 Respiratory Protection 5144 220 Definitions 5144(b) 223 Fit Testing 5144(f), 5144 App A 222 Medical Evaluation 5144(e) 221 Programs 5144(c) Respirators 224 Care 5144(h) 224 Maintenance 5144(h) 221 Selection 5144(d) 223 Use 5144(g) Respiratory Questionnaire, Cotton Dust Exposure 5190 App B-I 280 Abbreviated Questionnaire 5190 App B-III 280 Non-Textile Workers 5190 App B-II 264 Scope 5160 265 Shower Equipment 5162 Spill Control 5163 265 267 Spontaneously Combustible Material 5177 Static Electricity 5168 266 265 Storage 5164 334 Sulfur 5196 Trade Secrets 5194(i) 324 323 Training 5194(h) Hazardous Waste 293 Application 5192(a)(2) 293 Clean-up or Removal Operations 5192 308 Compliance Guidelines 5192 App C Definitions 5192(a)(3) 293 300 302 Emergency Response 5192(l), (q) 296 Employee Training 5192(e) Engineering Controls 5192(g) 298 299 Handling Drums and Containers 5192(j) 297 Medical Surveillance 5192(f) Personal Protective Equipment 5192(c)(5) 296 307 Levels 5192 App B 298 Program 5192(g)(5) Selection 5192(g)(3) 298 Test Methods 5192 App A 304 295 Safety and Health Programs 5192(b) 293 Scope 5192(a)(1) Site 296 Characterization and Analysis 5192(c) 296 Control 5192(d)

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648

INDEX

Hazardous Waste (continued) Temporary Workplace Sanitation 5192(n) 301 296 Training 5192(e) 293 Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response 5192 316 Hepatitis B 5193(f) 318 Vaccine Declination 5193 App A Hoists and Hoisting (see also Cranes entry) 4994 188 187 Brakes 4971 187 Capacity Marking 4973 Chains 4980 187 187 Control Equipment 4975 171 Definitions 4885 189 Fire Extinguishers 4997 190 High-Voltage Lines, Accident Prevention 5003 187 Limit Device 4970 Loads 189 Handling 4999 190 Overhead 5002 Riding Loads 4995 188 94 Loose Materials, Bulk Storage 3482(c) 91 Marine Terminal Operations 3472-3474 Mobile Towers 4986 188 192 Operating Practices 5008 Operating Rules (see also 188 193 Operating Rules under Cranes entry) 4990-5009 188 Operations 4985 192 Operator’s Qualifications 5006, 5006.1 189 Refueling 4998 188 Riding Loads 4995 187 Ropes 4980 188 End Attachments 4981 187 Sheaves 4977 188 Nip-Points 4984 187 Stops 4974 188 Tramways 4987 187 Trolley Frames 4972 187 Warning Devices 4976 599 HOOKAH Diving 6056(a)(5) Hoppers 84 Crop-Dusting Aircraft 3452(a) 93 Engulfment Danger 3482(b) 93 Guardrails 3481(a) 157 Ice Breakers or Crushers 4556 Industrial Plants 3481 93 156 Moulders 4546(a) Pug Mills 4625(b) 159 158 Rubber Mills 4582(a) Hydraulic Cranes and Excavators (see also Hydraulic Cranes 185 186 and Excavators under Cranes entry) 4945-4955 Hydrogen 573 575 Gaseous Hydrogen Systems 5465-5478 Consumer Sites 5465 573 Containers 573 Design 5466(a) Marking 5466(c) 574 574 Safety Relief Devices 5467(a) 573 Design 5466 Equipment Assembly 5469 574 574 Location 5472, 5473 575 Design Considerations 5474 Maintenance 5478 575 574 Marking, Storage Location 5470 575 Operating Instructions 5477 Safety Relief Devices 5467 574 Separate Buildings 5475 575 575 Special Rooms 5476 574 Testing 5471 Liquefied Hydrogen Systems 5480-5498 575 577 575 Consumer Sites 5480

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Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 649 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Ladders

L

Hydrogen (continued) Liquefied Hydrogen Systems (continued) Containers 576 Bonding and Grounding 5490 575 Design 5481 575 Marking 5483 Safety Relief Devices 5484 575 575 Design 5481 576 Electrical Systems 5489 Equipment Assembly 5486 576 576 Handling Inside Buildings 5493 Location 577 Design Considerations 5494 576 Storage 5491, 5492 577 Maintenance 5498 575 Marking 5483 577 Operating Instructions 5497 575 Piping, Tubing, and Fittings 5485 Roadways, Below Piping 5494(a) 577 575 Safety Relief Devices 5484 577 Separate Buildings 5495 Special Rooms 5496 577 576 Storage, Location 5491, 5492 575 Supports 5482 576 Testing 5487 576 Vaporizers 5488 577 Yard Surfaces, Below Piping 5494(a)

I –

,

J Jacks (see also Jacks under Equipment and Tools entry) 3562

95

IX

IX Subject Index

Ice and Snow (see also 558 561 Snow Avalanche Blasting entry) 5355-5358 Ignition Sources 595 Bulk Plants 5622 568 Dip Tanks 5432 535 Fumigation 5222(e) 582 Industrial Plants 5549 113 Industrial Truck Repair 3663(a) 269 Nitrocellulose 5187(d)(4) 583 Processing Plants 5560 586 Service Stations 5580 570 Spray Coating Operations 5449 592 Tanks 5603 581 Industrial Plants (see also Plants, Industrial entry) 5545 Industrial Tractors (see also Industrial Tractors under Plants, Industrial entry) 3651 111 Industrial Trucks (see also 109 Industrial Trucks under Plants, Industrial entry) 3650 159 Injection Molding Machines 4600 13 Injury and Illness Prevention Program 3203 Insecticides, Applicator Rigs, Tanks, and Vessels 3453 84 Inspections 98 Abrasive Wheels 3580(a) Advance Notice 331 1 121 Amusement Rides 3914 121 Fees 3916, Article 35 App 1 Cranes 5031 194 194 Derricks 5031 67 Machinery 3328(b) Marine Terminal Operations 3461(a) 87 141 Metal Forging Machines 4243 52 Powered Platforms 3296 Power-Operated Presses 4202 131 196 Slings 5043

Labels 499 4,4’-Methylenebis 5215(l) 484 Acrylonitrile 5213(p)(3) Arsenic, Inorganic 5214(l)(3) 494 445 Asbestos 5208(j)(4) 94 Automotive Lifts 3543 Benzene 5218(j)(1) 516 317 Bloodborne Pathogens 5193(g)(1)(A) 399 Cadmium 5207 (m)(3) Coke Oven Emissions 5211(u) 475 478 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) 5212(o)(3) 525 Ethylene Dibromide 5219(k) Ethylene Oxide 5220(j)(1) 528 504 Formaldehyde 5217(m)(3) 322 Hazardous Substances 5194(f) Inorganic Arsenic 5214(l)(3) 494 368 Methylenedianiline 5200(k)(1) Non Asbestiform Tremolite, Anthophyllite, and Actinolite 5208.1(i) 465 Vinyl Chloride 5210(l) 470 70 Labor Camps, Permits 3350 Laboratories 240 Biological Safety Cabinets, Ventilation 5154.2 242 HEPA Filter Aerosol Test Protocol 5154.2 App A 242 Start Up and Shut Down Procedures 5154.2 App B 315 Bloodborne Pathogens 5193(e) Chemical Hygiene 5191 App A 288 285 Hazardous Chemicals, Occupational Exposure to 5191 Ventilation 240 Biological Safety Cabinets 5154.2 Requirements for Laboratory-Type Hood Operations 5154.1 239 106 Ladder Stands 3627 105 Casters 3622(g) 105 Definitions 3621 Fasteners 3622(d) 105 105 Load Rating 3622(b) 105 Materials 3622(c) Scope 3620 105 105 Wheels 3622(g) 105 Work Levels 3622(f) Ladders Definitions 32 Fixed Ladders 3277(b) Portable Metal Ladders 3279(b) 38 Portable Wood Ladders 3278(b) 37 Design 32 Fixed Ladders 3277(c) 38 Portable Metal Ladders 3279(c) Portable Wood Ladders 3278(d) 37 Deterioration 33 Fixed Ladders 3277(e) 39 Portable Metal Ladders 3279(d)(3) 32 Fixed Ladders 3277 Cages 3277(g), 3277 Fig. 10, 11 33 36 33 35 Clearance 3277(f), 3277 Fig. 6 32 Definitions 3277(b) Design 3277(c) 32 33 Deterioration 3277(e) 34 Extensions 3277(k) Features 3277(d) 32 34 Grab Bars 3277(l) 34 Landing Platforms 3277(j) Maintenance 3277(i) 34 33 37 Pitch 3277(h), 3277 Fig. 12 34 Safety Devices 3277(m) Wells 3277(g), 3277 Fig. 1 33 34 106 Ladder Stands (see also Ladder Stands entry) 3627

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Section #, Page #

INDEX

649

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 650 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Ladders Ladders (continued) Maintenance 34 Fixed Ladders 3277(i) 38 Portable Metal Ladders 3279(d) 38 Portable Wood Ladders 3278(e) 89 Marine Terminal Operations 3465(c) Metal Ladders 3279 38 39 Plastic Ladders 3280 38 Portable Metal Ladders 3279 Care 3279(d) 38 38 Definitions 3279(b) 38 Design 3279(c) 39 Deterioration 3279(d)(3) 38 Maintenance 3279(d) 38 Scope 3279(a) 38 Use 3279(d) 39 Portable Reinforced Plastic Ladders 3280 37 Portable Wood Ladders 3278 Care 3278(e) 38 37 Construction Requirements 3278(d) 37 Definitions 3278(b) Design 3278(d) 37 38 Maintenance 3278(e) 37 Materials 3278(c) 37 Scope 3278(a) 38 Use 3278(e) 34 Roof Ladder 3277 Fig. 2 79 Signs, Outdoor 3413 37 Step Ladders 3278(d)(1), (5) Use 32 General 3276 38 Portable Metal Ladders 3279(d) 38 Portable Wood Ladders 3278(e) 45 Window Cleaning 3287 37 Wood Ladders 3278 153 Launderers (see also Cleaners and Launderers entry) 4481 95 Lawn Mowers, Power 3563 Lead 334 Application 5198(a) 334 Compliance 5198(e) 334 Definitions 5198(b) 338 Employee Training 5198(l) 334 Exposure Monitoring 5198(d) Housekeeping 5198(h) 335 336 Hygiene 5198(i) Medical Removal Protection 5198(k) 337 336 342 Medical Surveillance 5198(j), 5198 App B, 5198 App C 344 Observation 5198(o) 339 334 Permissible Exposure Limit 5198(c) 335 Protective Clothing and Equipment 5198(g) Recordkeeping 5198(n) 338 335 Respiratory Protection 5198(f) 334 Scope 5198(a) Signs 5198(m) 338 339 Substance Data Sheet 5198 App A 154 155 Leather and Composition Goods Machines 4510-4522 Clicking Machines 4510 154 154 Dinking Machines 4510 154 Embossing Machines 4511 Fleshing Machines 4520 155 155 Special Types 4521 154 Heel Compressing Machines 4512 Roll Type Machines 4518 155 Skiving Machines 4513 154 Splitters 155 Band Knife 4515 Stationary Knife 4514 155 155 Strippers 4516 155 Tanning Drums 4517

,

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650

INDEX

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Leather and Composition Goods Machines (continued) Unhairing Machines 4519 155 155 Special Types 4521 155 Whitening Machines 4522 73 Life Rings 3389 Lighting Amusement Rides, Assembly and Disassembly 3911(e) 185 Boom-Type Mobile Cranes 4940 120 Gantry Trucks 3808 Generator Houses or Rooms 4807(c) 163 65 Industrial Plants 3317 110 Industrial Trucks 3650(h) 149 Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills 4408 149 Liquid Sulfur, Handling 4414 29 Live Loads 3241 64 Lockout/Tagout 3314

121

M Machinery (see also Equipment and Tools entry) Adjusting 3314 64 Belt and Pulley Drives 126 Belt Tighteners 4071 Guarding 4070 126 125 Belt Shifters 3998 159 Clay Working Machines 4625, 4626 64 Cleaning 3314 125 Connecting Rods 3996 125 Cranks 3996 67 Defective Parts 3328(c) 123 128 Definitions 3941, 4188 67 Design 3328(a) 125 Extension Piston Rods 3997 125 Flywheels 3995 127 Foot-Operated Devices 4185 159 Glass Working Machines 4625, 4626 123 Guarding (see also Guarding entry) 3944 64 Hazardous Energy Control 3314 581 Industrial Plants (see also Plants, Industrial entry) 5545 159 Injection Molding Machines 4600 67 Inspection 3328(b) 64 Lockout/Tagout 3314 67 Maintenance 3328(b) 67 Modification 3328(f) Moving Parts 4002 125 Oiling, Openings for 3945 125 159 Plastic Processing Machinery 4600, 4601 Power Controls 4001 125 125 Process Machine Power Controls 4000 64 Repairing 3314 Rubber and Composition Working Machines (see also Rubber and Composition Working Machines entry) 4580-4592 158 159 64 Servicing 3314 Setting-Up 3314 64 159 Stone Working Machines 4625, 4626 125 Tail Rods and Crossheads 3997 Textile Machinery and Equipment (see also Textile Machinery and Equipment entry) 4456-4476 152 153 159 Thermo-Setting Plastic Molding Presses 4601 Tubing Machines 4589 159 Woodworking (see also 141 Woodworking Machines and Equipment entry) 4296-4324 Manuals, Diving Operations 6052(b), 6054 598 599 Marine Service Stations (see also 583 586 Service Stations entry) 5565-5581 87 93 Marine Terminal Operations 3459-3475 Accident Prevention 3464(a) 88 88 Asbestos 3463(c) 87 Barges 3461(d) Bridles 3474 92

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Methylenedianiline

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Metal Working Machines (continued) Guarding 140 Abrading, Buffing, and Polishing Machines 4237 140 Alligator Shears 4236(a) 139 Metal Embossing Machines 4228 139 Metal Shears 4227 Tumbling Barrels 4238(a) 140 139 Metal Embossing Machines 4228 139 Metal Shears 4227 Planers 4235 140 141 Steam Hammers 4240 139 Treadle Controls 4230 140 Tumbling Barrels 4238 140 Wire Drawing Machines 4234 266 Metals, Combustible 5175 Methylene Chloride 379 Application 5202(a) 381 Compliance Methods 5202(f) Definitions 5202(b) 379 Employee Training 5202(l) 383 Exposure Monitoring 5202(d) 379 383 Hazard Communication 5202(k) Hygiene 5202(i) 381 Medical Surveillance 5202(j), 5202 App B 381 387 379 Permissible Exposure Limits 5202(c) Protective Work Clothing and Equipment 5202(h) 381 383 Recordkeeping 5202(m) Regulated Areas 5202(e) 380 Respiratory Protection 5202(g) 381 379 Scope 5202(a) Substance Safety Data Sheet 5202 App A 384 Technical Guidelines 5202 App A 384 4,4-Methylenebis 497 Application 5215(a) Control Methods 5215(f) 498 498 Controlled Access Area 5215(e) Definitions 5215(b) 497 Emergencies 5215(h) 498 Hazardous Operations 5215(h) 498 Medical Information 5215 App B 500 499 Medical Surveillance 5215(k) Monitoring 5215(d) 498 Permissible Exposure Limit 5215(c) 498 500 Physical and Chemical Data 5215 App A Recordkeeping 5215(m) 499 498 Respiratory Protection 5215(g) 497 Scope 5215(a) 499 Signs and Labels 5215(l) Training 5215(j) 499 499 Waste Disposal 5215(i) Methylenedianiline Application 5200(a) 366 367 Compliance Methods 5200(g) Definitions 5200(b) 366 366 Emergencies 5200(d) 367 Exposure Monitoring 5200(e) Hazard Communication 5200(k) 368 369 Housekeeping 5200(l) 368 Hygiene 5200(j) Medical Surveillance 5200(m), 5200 App C 369 373 371 Observation 5200(o) Permissible Exposure Limits 5200(c) 366 368 Protective Clothing and Equipment 5200(i) 371 Recordkeeping 5200(n) Regulated Areas 5200(f) 367 367 Respiratory Protection 5200(h) 373 Sampling and Analytical Methods 5200 App D Scope 5200(a) 366 368 Signs and Labels 5200(k)(1) 372 Substance Data Sheet 5200 App A Substance Technical Guidelines 5200 App B 372

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IX

IX Subject Index

Marine Terminal Operations (continued) Carbon Monoxide 3463(a) 88 Cargo 87 Access to Vessels 3461(k) 194 Bulk Cargo Handling Devices 5024 87 Handling Gear 3461(a) Hazardous 3462 88 87 Obstruction 3461(k) 88 Repairing Leaks and Damages 3461(o) Chutes 3471 90 87 Covers, Stowing 3461(j) 91 Cranes 3472 87 Definitions 3460 87 Drafts 3461(b) 87 Employees, Hoisting 3461(g) 88 Facilities 3465 88 Fires 3461(n) 88 First Aid 3464(b) Fittings 3474 92 88 Garbage, Near Work Area 3461(m) 90 Gravity Conveyors 3471 Hatch Beams, Stowing 3461(j) 87 88 Hazardous Atmospheres 3463 88 Warning Signs 3461(l) 88 Hazardous Cargo 3462 88 Hazardous Substances 3463 91 Hoisting Equipment 3472 92 Hooks 3474 90 Industrial Trucks 3469 87 Inspections, Cargo Handling Gear and Equipment 3461(a) 89 Intermodal Containers 3466 89 Ladders 3465(c) 90 Log Handling 3467 90 Longshoring Operations in the Vicinity Maintenance and Repair 90 Work Near Longshoring Operations 3470 87 Nails 3461(c) 90 Pallets 3468 88 Pesticides 3463(b) 87 Pontoons, Stowing 3461(j) 87 Railcars 3461(d) 90 Repair and Maintenance Work Near Longshoring 3470 90 Rollers 3471 Scope 3459 87 91 Shore-Based Material Handling Devices, Certification 3473 Signs 3465(d), (e) 89 92 Slings 3474 87 Unitized Loads, Hoisting 3461(f) Vehicles 3475 93 156 157 Meat (see also Meat under Food entry) 4552-4553 14 18 Medical Records, Access to 3204, 3204 App A Medical Services and First Aid 3400 74 139 141 Metal Working Machines 4227-4243 140 Abrading, Buffing, and Polishing Machines 4237 Air-Lift Hammers 4240 141 140 Alligator Shears 4236 139 Bar Stock Machines 4233 Board Drophammers 4241 141 139 Circular Metal-Cutting Saws 4231 140 Forging Machines 4239 Air-Lift Hammers 4240 141 141 Board Drophammers 4241 140 Definitions 4239(a) Dies 4242 141 Drop Hammers 4239(c) 140 141 Inspections 4243 141 Maintenance 4242, 4243 Steam Hammers 4240 141

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651

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 652 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Molten Salt Baths 5188 269 Molten Salt Baths 5188 269 269 Heat-Treating Metallic Objects 5188(a) 269 Nitrate Baths 5188(b) Motor Vehicles Brakes 120 Gantry Truck 3809 Inspection, Disassembly, Repair, and Assembly 5208 App F Clutch Inspection, Disassembly, 455 Repair, and Assembly 5208 App F Earthmoving Equipment 3666 115 116 Employee Transportation 3702 Gantry Trucks (see also Gantry Trucks under 119 120 Plants, Industrial entry) 3801-3809 145 Garbage Collection Vehicles 4342-4345 Garbage Compaction Vehicles 4354-4355 147 Gas Stations (see also Service Stations entry) 5565-5581 583 Gasoline (see also Gasoline under Service Stations entry) 5571 Haulage 3666 115 Industrial Tractors (see also 111 Industrial Tractors under Plants, Industrial entry) 3651 Industrial Trucks (see also 109 Industrial Trucks under Plants, Industrial entry) 3650 94 95 Lifts 3541-3549 Air Tanks 94 Oil Measurement 3545 95 Axle Supports 3548 Chasis Supports 3548 95 94 Construction 3542 Control Mechanism 3544 94 94 Definitions 3541 94 Design 3542 Installation 3542 94 94 Labels 3543 95 Maintenance 3549 Marine Terminal Operations 3475 93 94 Oil Measurement 3545 Oil Tanks 94 Oil Measurement 3545 95 Working Pressure 3546(a) 95 Working Area Under 3547 Refrigerator Vehicles 3251 30 145 Refuse Collection Vehicles 4342-4345 147 Refuse Compaction Vehicles 4354-4355 Seat Belts 3653 111 Service Stations (see also 583 586 Service Stations entry) 5565-5581 Tires, Inflation 3325 66 Trash Collection Vehicles 4342-4345 145 147 Trash Compaction Vehicles 4354-4355 573 Undercoating 5459 Multi-Employer Worksites 5 5 Determination of Citable Employer

455

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N Nitrate Baths 5188(b) 269 269 Nitrocellulose 5187 333 Nitrous Oxide 5195 Noise Control Audiograms 217 Age Corrections 5100 App F Evaluation 5097(d) 214 Audiometers 216 Acoustic Calibration 5100 App D Audiometric Test Rooms 5100 App C 216 213 Audiometric Testing Programs 5097(c)-(f) 216 Measuring Instruments 5100 App B Definitions 5095(b) 213

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652

INDEX

214

584

Noise Control (continued) Exposure 215 Computation 5100 App A 213 Limits 5096 213 Monitoring 5097(b) 215 Recordkeeping 5100 Hearing Conservation Programs 5097 213 214 Hearing Protectors 5098 217 Estimating Adequacy 5100 App E Recordkeeping 5100 215 213 Scope 5095(a) 215 Training Programs 5099 Non Asbestiform 464 Tremolite, Anthophyllite, and Actinolite 5208.1 465 Caution Signs and Labels 5208.1(h), (i) 464 Change Rooms 5208.1(e)(2) 466 Employee Training 5208.1(n) 464 Engineering Controls 5208.1(b) Laundering 5208.1(f) 465 465 Medical Surveillance 5208.1(j) 465 Monitoring 5208.1(g)(1) Recordkeeping 5208.1(g)(2) 465 464 Respiratory Protective Equipment 5208.1(d) 464 Special Clothing 5208.1(e)(1) 464 Work Practices 5208.1(c)

O Occupational Injuries or Illnesses Recording 624 2001 Data, Summary and Posting 14300.43 621 Annual Summary 14300.32 622 Changes in Establishment Ownership 14300.34 Criteria 615 617 General 14300.4, 14300.7 Medical Removal Under Cal/OSHA Standards 14300.9 619 620 Musculoskeletal Disorders 14300.12 619 Needlestick and Sharps Injuries 14300.8 619 Occupational Hearing Loss 14300.10 620 Tuberculosis 14300.11 624 Definitions 14300.46 622 Discrimination Prohibited 14300.36 622 Employee Involvement 14300.35 Exemptions 614 Employers with 10 or Fewer Employees 14300.1 Establishments in 615 Certain Industries 14300.2, 14300.2 App A Forms 300, 300A, 301 14300.29 620 624 2001 Data 14300.43 Annual Summary 14300.32 621 621 Covered Employees 14300.31 621 Multiple Establishments 14300.30 Old Forms, Retention and Updating 14300.44 624 622 Retention and Updating 14300.33 616 New Cases, Determination of 14300.6 OSHA Survey 14300.41 623 614 Purpose 14300 Recordkeeping Bureau of Labor Statistics, Requests for Data 14300.42 623 Federal Mine Safety and 625 Health Act, Employers Covered by 14300.47 More than One Agency 14300.3 615 Providing Records 623 to Government Representatives 14300.40 622 Variances 14300.38 Work-Relatedness, Determination of 14300.5 616 Records 13 Inspections 3203(b)(1) Training 3203(b)(2) 13

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Plants, Industrial

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P Paint 95 Airless Spray Guns 3559.1 151 152 Paper Converting and Printing Machines 4431-4445 Corner Cutters 4431 151 151 Corner Stayers 4432 151 Creasers, Drum Cylinder Type 4433 Cutters Corner Cutters 4431 151 151 Drum Cylinder Type Cutters 4433 Guillotine Type Cutters 4438 152 152 Index Cutters 4437 152 Cylinder Presses 4440 Embossing Machines 4442 152 152 Engraving Presses, Hand-Fed 4445 152 Guillotine Type Cutters 4438 152 Index Cutters 4437 Job Platen Presses 4436 151 152 Line Perforators 4443 152 Lithographic Presses 4441 Paper Box Ending and Edge Attaching Machines 4439 152

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Paper Converting and Printing Machines (continued) Paper Punches 4443 152 Presses 152 Cylinder Presses 4440 152 Engraving Presses, Hand-Fed 4445 151 Job Platen Presses 4436 Lithographic Presses 4441 152 152 Rotary Presses 4440 152 Rotary Presses 4440 Rotary Scoring Machines 4434 151 152 Slotters 4444 Permissible Exposure 243 Limits for Chemical Contaminants 5155 App 254 Permit-Required Confined Spaces 5157 Permits Amusement Rides 121 Issuing 3915 121 Posting 3917 Labor Camps 3350 70 73 Personal Flotation Devices 3389 Personal Protective Equipment 234 Abrasive Blasting Operations 5151(b) 483 Acrylonitrile 5213(j) 493 Arsenic, Inorganic 5214(i) 444 Asbestos 5208(h) 515 Benzene 5218(h) 314 Bloodborne Pathogens 5193(d)(4) 73 Body Protection 3383 377 1,3-Butadiene 5201(i) 394 Cadmium 5207(i) 473 Coke Oven Emissions 5211(q) 477 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) 5212(j) 524 Ethylene Dibromide 5219(g) 527 Ethylene Oxide 5220(g)(4) 72 Eye Protection 3382 72 Face Protection 3382 78 Fire Brigades, Private 3411(d) 74 78 Fire Fighters (see also Fire Fighters entry) 3401-3411 73 Foot Protection 3385 501 Formaldehyde 5217(h) 72 General 3380 235 Grinding, Polishing, and Buffing Operations 5152 73 Hand Protection 3384 Head Protection 3381 72 214 Hearing Protectors 5098, 5100 App E Inorganic Arsenic 5214(i) 493 72 Laser Protection 3382(e) 335 Lead 5198(g) Life Rings 3389 73 381 Methylene Chloride 5202(h) 368 Methylenedianiline 5200(i) Open-Surface Tank Operations 5154 237 73 Personal Flotation Devices 3389 149 Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills 4407 Respirators (see also Respirators entry) 5144 220 73 Sanitation 3387 237 Spray Coating Operations 5153 Welding, Brazing, and Cutting 5150 234 Pesticides 84 Applicator Rigs, Tanks, and Vessels 3453 Fumigation (see also Fumigation entry) 5221 535 88 Marine Terminal Operations 3463(b) 595 Petroleum (see also Oil and Gas Refineries entry) 5629 Plants, Industrial Access 3270 30 Accident Prevention 13 Program 3203 Signs 3340 69 69 Tags 3341 94 Air Compressors 3518

IX

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INDEX

IX Subject Index

Occupational Injuries or Illnesses (continued) Reporting 613 Definitions 14000 Employer 613 Duties 14001 613 Reporting Form 14004 Reproduction of 14005 613 614 Form 5021 14006 614 Reproduction of 14007 Form 5020 14004 613 613 Reproduction of 14005 613 Insurer’s Duties 14002 Physician 613 Duties 14003 614 Reporting Form 14006 614 Reproduction of 14007 Oil and Gas Refineries 595 Flammable Liquids, Gases, and Vapors 5629 Process Safety Management, Hazardous Substances 5189 630 Operating Rules for Industrial Trucks Addendum 78 Outdoor Advertising Structures 3412-3416 Definitions 3412(b) 78 79 Fall Protection 3416 79 Ladders 3413 79 Poster Ladder Scaffolds 3414 78 Scope 3412(a) 79 Suspended Scaffolds 3415 190 Overhead Loads 5002 Oxygen 577 578 Bulk Oxygen Systems 5500-5509 577 Consumer Sites 5500 577 Distance Between Systems and Exposures 5502 578 Equipment Assembly and Installation 5507 578 Liquid Oxygen Vaporizers 5506 577 Location 5501 578 Maintenance 5509 578 Operating Instructions 5508 578 Piping, Tubing, and Fittings 5504 578 Storage 5503 578 Safety Relief Devices 5505 234 Deficiency 5149 166 Hose 4839 166 Liquid 4837 Manifolds 4836 166 63 Misuse 3305 Piping 4822 165 601 Safety, Diving Operations 6057(e)

653

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 654 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Plants, Industrial Plants, Industrial (continued) Air Hoses 3300 63 31 Aisles 3272 30 Appliances, Access 3270 13 Application 3202 18 Approvals 3206 Attics, Openings to 3271 31 71 Beverage Consumption 3368 93 Bins 3481 Bulk Cargo-Moving Vehicles 3666(b) 115 93 Bulk Storage of Loose Material 3482 93 Bunkers 3481 69 Cargo, Broken or Damaged 3339(a) 66 Cargo Doors 3323 115 Cargo-Moving Vehicles 3666(b) 31 Catwalks, Working Area 3273(d) 31 Ceiling Spaces, Openings to 3271 159 Clay Working Machines 4625, 4626 Closed Containers, Reconditioning 3307 63 71 Clothes Changing Rooms 3367 30 Cold Storage, Processing, and Manufacturing Rooms 3249 Exits 3250 30 64 Combustion Chambers, Entering 3312 25 Corridors, Exits 3226 65 Counterweights 3318 31 Crawlways 3272 24 Decorative Materials, Fire Safety 3217(a) 19 Definitions 3207 96 Abrasive Wheels 3575(b) 18 Approved 3206(a) 109 Earthmoving Equipment 3649 14 Exposure Records, Employee Access to 3204(c) 32 Fixed Ladders 3277(b) 109 Haulage Vehicles 3649 109 Industrial Tractors 3649 109 Industrial Trucks 3649 Ladders 32 Fixed Ladders 3277(b) 37 Portable Wood Ladders 3278(b) 14 Medical Records, Employee Access to 3204(c) 37 Portable Wood Ladders 3278(b) 70 Sanitation 3361 116 Transportation of Employees and Materials 3700 Discharge Location 3310 63 28 Doors (see also Exits, this heading) 3235 Cargo Doors 3323 66 28 Exit Doors 3235 63 Drainage 3309 Flammable Liquids 5546(a) 582 65 Drilling, Petroleum Drilling Equipment 3322 71 Drinking Water 3363 Earthmoving Equipment 3666 115 73 Electric Shock, Prevention from 3390 Elevated Locations 30 Access 3270(b) 22 Guardrails 3210 31 Working Area 3273(c) Emergency Action Plan 3220 24 Engines 94 Governors 3511 Steam Engines, Valve Gears 3512 94 Equipment 30 Access 3270 Adjusting 3314 64 Broken or Damaged 3339(a) 69 64 Cleaning 3314 67 Defective Parts 3328(c) Design 3328(a) 67 63 Fixed Fired Equipment, Lighting and Relighting 3311(a)

654

INDEX

Plants, Industrial (continued) Equipment (continued) 67 Fixed Location 3328(d) 64 Hazardous Energy Control 3314 69 High Piles 3339(b) 67 Inspection 3328(b) Lockout/Tagout 3314 64 67 Modifications 3328(f) 64 Repairing 3314 Servicing 3314 64 64 Setting-Up 3314 24 Exits 3215 25 Access 3225 25 Arrangement 3222(a), 3225(a) Changes in Elevation 25 Corridors 3226(f) 25 Exterior Exit Balconies 3226(f) 25 27 Ramps 3223, 3232 Cold Storage, Processing, and Manufacturing Rooms 3250 30 25 Corridors 3226 25 Discharge from 3227 Distance to 3222(b) 25 28 Doors 3235 25 Exterior Exit Balconies 3226 25 Headroom 3224 25 Maintenance 3225 26 Number of 3228 25 27 Ramps, Changes in Elevation 3223, 3232 24 Signs 3216 25 26 Stairways 3227, 3231 Width 3229 26 Exposure Records, Employee Access to 3204 14 Availability of NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances 3204 App B 18 Sample Authorization Letter for Record Release 3204 App A 18 Fire Alarms 3215(c) 24 Fire Brigades, Private 3411 78 Fire Safety Alarms 3215(c) 24 Christmas Trees 3217(a) 24 24 Curtains 3217(a) Decorative Materials 3217 24 24 Equipment Maintenance 3219 24 25 Exits 3215, 3225 582 Fire Control, Flammable and Combustible Liquids 5548 Fire Prevention Plan 3221 25 581 582 Flammable and Combustible Liquids 5545, 5546 First Aid 3400 74 Fixed Industrial Stairs 3234 27 Fixed Ladders (see also 32 Fixed Ladders under Ladders entry) 3277 Flammable and Combustible Liquids 5545-5551 581 582 Emergency Drainage Systems 5546(a) 582 Equipment Repairs 5550 582 Fire Control 5548 582 582 Housekeeping 5551 Ignition Sources 5549 582 582 Spills, Controlling 5545(b) Storage 5545(a) 581 582 Tank Vehicle and Tank Car Loading and Unloading 5547 Tanks 5545 581 582 Transferring 5545(b) Ventilation 5545(c) 582 Floors Holes 3212 23 23 Openings 3212 Working Area 3273(a) 31 64 Flues, Entering 3312 63 Flying Particles or Substances 3303 Food Consumption 3368 71 Forklifts (see also Industrial Trucks, this heading) 3650 109

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Plants, Industrial (continued) Industrial Trucks (continued) High-Lift Rider Trucks 112 Back Guards 3659 112 Overhead Guards 3655 113 Internal Combustion Engines 3662 Labeling 3650 109 112 Lift Trucks 3657 113 Rated Capacity 3660 Loads 3650(k) 110 113 Maintenance 3663 110 Modifications 3650(d) Operator 112 Platforms 3658 113 Rules 3664 115 Training 3668 112 Order Pickers 3656 110 Remote Control Vehicles 3650(n) Repairs 3663 113 110 Steering Knobs 3650(o) 112 Stock Pickers 3656 Structural Changes 3650(d) 110 113 Warning Devices 3661(c) 115 Wheel Guards 3665 Internal Combustion Engines 233 Exhaust Emission Control 5146 65 Fuel Tanks 3319(a) 113 Operation Inside Enclosed Structures 3662 63 Pipe Outlets 3310(b) 29 Lamp Scaffolds 3247 65 Lighting 3317 63 Live Steam Hoses 3300 Loading Docks 68 Dock Plates 3337 68 Loading Ramps 3337 68 Operations 3336 68 Pallets 3338 29 Loads, Live 3241 93 Loose Material, Bulk Storage 3482 Materials 69 Broken or Damaged 3339(a) 69 High Piles 3339(b) 30 Mechanical Refrigeration 3248 Medical Records, Employee Access to 3204 14 Availability of NIOSH Registry of 18 Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances 3204 App B Sample Authorization Letter for Record Release 3204 App A 74 Medical Services 3400 Noise Control (see also Noise Control entry) 5095 213 68 Pallets 3338 93 Pans 3480 Parallels 3247 29 Personal Protective Equipment (see also 72 Personal Protective Equipment entry) 3380 Petroleum Drilling Equipment 3322 65 Pipes 63 Hot Pipes 3308 Identification 3321 65 67 Pipe Lines 3329 32 Pipe Valves 3274 Pits Access 3270(c) 30 63 Drainage and Ventilation 3309(a) Platforms Bins 3481(e) 93 34 Landing Platforms, Fixed Ladders 3277(j) 32 Pipe Valves 3274 Working Area 3273(a), (c) 31 67 Pressure Piping 3329(b)

INDEX

IX

IX 18

Subject Index

Plants, Industrial (continued) Gantry Trucks 3801-3809 119 120 119 Accessibility 3803 120 Brakes 3809 119 Guarding 3805 120 Lighting 3808 Loads 3807 120 120 Operating Rules 3807 119 Speed 3806 Visibility 3802 119 119 Warning Devices 3801 119 Wheels, Guarding 3805 29 Glass 3242 159 Glass Working Machines 4625, 4626 29 Glazing 3242 21 Guardrails 3209-3214 93 Bins 3481(a) 93 Bunkers 3481(a) Covers Conduit 3213(c) 23 23 Floor Holes 3212 Floor Openings 3212 23 23 Manhole 3213(d) 23 Trench 3213(c) 22 Elevated Locations 3210 23 Floor Holes 3212 23 Floor Openings 3212 Hazardous Substances, 93 Open Vats, Pans, and Tanks 3480(a) 21 Height 3209(a) 93 Hoppers 3481(a) 29 Lamp Scaffolds 3247(b) 21 Loads 3209(b) 29 Parallels 3247(b) 23 Roofs 3212(d) 23 Service Pits 3213(a) 23 Skylights 3212(e) 22 Specifications 3209(c) Stairways 27 Fixed Industrial Stairs 3234 21 Standard Guardrails 3209 22 Toeboards 3209(d) 22 Wall Openings 3211 Yard Surface Openings 3213(b) 23 65 Hand Trucks 3315 Haulage Vehicles 3666 115 93 Hoppers 3481 63 Hot Surfaces 3308 Illness Prevention Program 3203 13 65 Illumination 3317 27 Industrial Ramps 3233 Industrial Tractors Brakes 3661(a)-(b) 113 109 Definitions 3649 Deflector Guards 3654 112 113 Operating Rules 3664 113 Rated Capacity 3660 Rollover Protective Structures 3651 111 111 Seat Belts 3653 110 Trailer Disconnected from 3650(i) Trailer-Spotting Tractors 3666(c) 115 113 Warning Devices 3661(c) Industrial Trucks 110 Attachments 3650(c), (r) Batteries 3650(l) 110 110 113 Brakes 3650(m), 3661(a)-(b) 109 Definitions 3649 Design and Construction 3650 109 112 Elevation of Employees 3657

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Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 656 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Plants, Industrial Plants, Industrial (continued) Prime Movers 64 Adjusting 3314 64 Cleaning 3314 64 Hazardous Energy Control 3314 64 Lockout/Tagout 3314 Repairing 3314 64 64 Servicing 3314 64 Setting-Up 3314 Purpose 3200 13 Ramps 25 27 Changes in Elevation 3223, 3232 27 Industrial Ramps 3233 68 Loading Ramps 3337 31 Working Area 3273(c) 30 Refrigeration, Mechanical 3248 110 Remote Control Vehicles 3650(n) 31 Roadways, Working Area 3273(b) Rubber and Composition Working Machines (see also Rubber and Composition Working Machines entry) 4580-4592 158 159 31 Runways, Working Area 3273(c) Safety Belts, Bulk Storage of Loose Material 3482(d) 94 70 71 Sanitation 3360-3368 70 Application 3360 71 Beverage Consumption 3368 70 Cleaning 3362 71 Clothes Changing Rooms 3367 70 Definitions 3361 71 Food Consumption 3368 70 Sweeping 3362(b) 71 Toilet Facilities 3364, 3365 70 Vermin, Extermination 3362(f) 71 Washing Facilities 3366 Waste 70 Removal 3362(e) 70 Storage 3362(d) 71 Water Supply 3363 32 Scaffolds 3275 29 Lamp Scaffolds 3247 45 Rolling Scaffolds 3289 44 Suspended Scaffolds 3285 23 Service Pits, Guardrails 3213(a) 63 Sewage Tanks and Sumps, Ventilation 3309(b) Signs 24 Exit 3216 Railroad 3333 68 65 Warning 3320 Skylights 23 Fall Protection 3212(e) 65 Illumination 3317(c) 26 Stairways 3231 Exits 3227(b), 3231(i) 25 26 27 Fixed Industrial Stairs 3234 94 Steam Engines, Valve Gears 3512 Stone Working Machines 4625, 4626 159 30 Sunken Locations, Access 3270(c) 93 Tanks 3480 Textile Machinery and Equipment (see also Textile Machinery and Equipment entry) 4456-4476 152 153 71 Toilet Facilities 3364, 3365 Trailer-Spotting Tractors 3666(c) 115 116 117 Transportation of Employees and Materials 3700-3710 117 Cab Protection 3705 Definitions 3700 116 Employee Transportation Vehicles 3702 116 117 Helicopters 3710 116 Licensing of Drivers 3701 Loads 117 Riding 3703 117 Securing 3704

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656

INDEX

Plants, Industrial (continued) Transportation of Employees and Materials (continued) 116 Trucks and Buses Used for 3702 117 Warning Devices 3706 63 Tunnels, Drainage and Ventilation 3309(a) 31 Underfloor Spaces, Openings to 3271 Vats 3480 93 Vehicles 116 Employee Transportation 3702 Haulage 3666 115 110 Remote Control 3650(n) 23 Roofs, Guardrails 3212(d) 66 Servicing Wheels 3326 31 Traffic Aisles 3272(e) Ventilation 582 Flammable Liquids 5546(b), (c) 63 Trenches, Tunnels, and Pits 3309 70 Vermin, Extermination 3362(f) Walkways 3272 31 93 Bins 3481(e) 31 Working Area 3273(b) Wall Openings 3211 22 71 Washing Facilities 3366 71 Water Supply 3363 Woodworking (see also 141 Woodworking Machines and Equipment entry) 4296-4324 Working Areas 31 Catwalks 3273(d) 31 Elevated Working Levels 3273(c) 65 Lighting 3317(a) 32 Lubrication 3273(g) 32 Machines and Equipment 3273(h)-(j) 31 Material Storage Areas 3273(b) 31 Permanent Floors 3273(a) 31 Platforms 3273(a), (c) 31 Ramps 3273(c) 31 Roadways 3273(b) 31 Runways 3273(c) 31 Walkways 3273(b) 23 Yard Surface Openings, Guardrails 3213(b) Plastic Processing Machinery 159 Injection Molding Machine 4600 159 Thermo-Setting Plastic Molding Presses 4601 Platforms (see also Work Platforms entry) Personnel Platforms 190 Cranes 5004 190 Derricks 5004 Powered Platforms and Equipment for Building Maintenance (see also Powered Platforms and Equipment for 47 Building Maintenance under Buildings entry) 3292 105 Scaffolds (see also Scaffolds entry) 3622 Pneumatic Tools 3559 95 37 38 Portable Ladders (see also Ladders entry) 3278, 3279 95 Powder-Actuated Tools 3559 Presses Power Operated Presses 4189-4216 129 139 130 Air Controlling Equipment 4195 Brakes 4200, 4214 131 138 130 Control Button Identification 4190 128 Definitions 4188(b) Dies Changing 4242 141 130 Design and Construction 4197 Feeding 4197 130 Setting 4197, 4199 130 131 131 Stroke Requirements, Stamped on 4198(a)(1) 131 Tonnage, Stamped on 4198(a)(1) Weight Designation, Stamped on 4198(a)(2)-(3) 131 131 Electrical 4204 131 Forward Drive Motor Interlocks 4205

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Railroads, Industrial

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Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills 4401-4428 149 151 151 Automatically Fed Platen Cutters 4427 149 Bridge and Dock Plates 4411 Broke Holes 4417 150 151 Calenders 4428 150 Chlorine Dioxide 4419(b) Chocking Rolls 4422 150 149 Controls 4404 Converting Operations 4424 151 Conveyors 4412 149 151 Corrugators 4426 Cutters, Automatically Fed Platen Cutters 4427 151 De-Energizing 4413 149 Emergency Stopping Controls 4422(a) 150 149 Employee Instruction 4402 Guards and Guarding 4406 149 Guillotine Type Roll Splitters 4416 150 149 Illumination 4408 Industrial Kiln Guns and Ammunition 4418 150 149 Lighting 4408 149 Liquid Sulfur, Handling 4414 Lockout 4413 149 Mobile Equipment 4409 149 Offloading of Railcars and Trucks 4410 149 Paper Machines 4423 151 Personal Protective Equipment 4407 149 Pulp Storage 4420 150 Railcars, Offloading 4410 149 Recovery Furnace Area 4421 150 149 Safety Devices 4404 Scope 4401 149 Sodium Chlorate 4419(a) 150 Sorting and Counting Tables 4425 151 Stock Preparation and Reprocessing 4415 150 Storage of Pulp 4420 150 Training 4402 149 149 Trucks, Offloading 4410 Water, Working Over 4405 149 Winders and Rewinders 4422(c) 151 Work Areas 4403 149 Pyrophoric Substances 5176 266 Pyrotechnics (see also Fireworks, Pyrotechnics entry) 5236 269 Pyroxylin Plastic 5186

IX

537

R

Radiation 211 Actinic Radiation 5078, 5079 Microwave Radiation 5085 211 211 Nonionizing Radiation 5085 211 Radiofrequency 5085 Ultra-Violet Radiation 5079 211 117 119 Railroads, Industrial 3730-3741 Blue Stop Signs 3333 68 Couplers 3733 118 Definitions 3731 117 Locomotives 118 Brakes 3735 Warning Devices 3734 118 Purpose 3730 117 Railcars Movement 3332 68 68 Securing 3333(b) Working on or Around 3334 68 68 Ramping and Deramping Yards 3335 Switches 3732 117 Tracks 3732 117 Narrow Tracks, Side Clearances 3741 119 Standard Gage Obstructions Adjacent to 3740 119 Overhead Clearances 3736, 3738 118 119 Parallel Tracks, Clearance Between 3739 119 118 119 Side Clearances 3737, 3738

IX Subject Index

Presses (continued) Power Operated Presses (continued) 130 Full Revolution Positive Clutches, Machines Using 4192 138 Hand-Operated Levers 4210 130 Hydraulic Equipment 4196 138 Hydraulic Power Presses 4215 Inspection 4202 131 131 Maintenance 4202 131 Modification 4202(d) Part Revolution Clutches, Machines Using 4193 130 Point of Operation 131 Devices 4208 131 Guards 4206, 4207 132 Presence Sensing Device Initiation 4208.1 Requirements for Certification/Validation 4208.1 App A 136 131 Pressure Vessels 4201 138 Punch Presses 4215 139 Rivet Setting Equipment 4216 Scope 4189 129 130 Slide Counter-Balance Systems 4194 130 Switch Identification 4190 Training 4203 131 138 Two-Hand Trip 4211 159 Thermo-Setting Plastic Molding Presses 4601 Pressure Vessels 63 Compressed Cylinder Gas, Testing 3304(a) 64 Entering 3312 587 Flammable Liquids, Storage 5587 154 Laundry and Dry Cleaning Equipment 4493 131 Presses, Used With 4201 63 Salvaging 3306 125 Prime Movers 3995-4002 64 Adjusting 3314 125 Belt Shifters 3998 64 Cleaning 3314 125 Connecting Rods 3996 125 Conveyors 3999 125 Cranks 3996 125 Flywheels 3995 64 Hazardous Energy Control 3314 64 Lockout/Tagout 3314 125 Piston Rods 3997 125 Process Machines, Power Control 4000 Repairing 3314 64 128 Rolls 4187(c) Servicing 3314 64 64 Setting-Up 3314 125 Tail Rods and Crossheads 3997 Process Safety Management, Acutely Hazardous Substances 5189, 5189 App A 269 273 2 Proposed Penalty Procedure Assessment of Civil Penalties 3 2 Definitions 334 319 Proposition 65 Warnings 5194(b)(6) Terms and Provisions 5194 App E 327 Protective Clothing and Equipment 72 (see also Personal Protective Equipment entry) 3380 Pulleys Corrosion, Exposure 4062 126 Countershaft 125 Exposed Parts 4050 126 Location of Pulleys 4060 125 Couplings, Exposed Parts 4050 Drives, Guarding 4070 126 Guarding Exposed Parts 4050 125 Line Shaft 125 Exposed Parts 4050 Location of Pulleys 4060 126 126 Out of Service 4063 126 Projecting Shaft Ends 4051

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,

,

INDEX

657

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 658 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Ramps Ramps (see also Ramps under Plants, Industrial entry) 3233 27 Recordkeeping Requirements 14 Access (see also Access to Information entry) 3204 Acrylonitrile 5213(q) 484 465 Actinolite, Non Asbestiform 5208.1(g)(2) 465 Anthophyllite, Non Asbestiform 5208.1(g)(2) Arsenic, Inorganic 5214(o) 495 447 Asbestos 5208(m) 517 Benzene 5218(k) Bloodborne Pathogens 5193(h) 318 378 1,3-Butadiene 5201(m) 399 Cadmium 5207(n) Carcinogens 5209(g)(2) 469 475 Coke Oven Emissions 5211(v) 277 Cotton Dust 5190(k) 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) 5212(p) 478 598 600 601 Diving Operations 6052(g), 6057(a), 6058 525 Ethylene Dibromide 5219(l) Ethylene Oxide 5220(k) 528 504 Formaldehyde 5217(o) 338 Lead 5198(n) 383 Methylene Chloride 5202(m) 499 4,4-Methylenebis 5215(m) 371 Methylenedianiline 5200(n) 215 Noise Control 5100 Plants, Industrial, Exposure and Medical Records 14 Employee Access to 3204 NIOSH Registry of 18 Chemical Substances’ Toxic Effects 3204 App B Sample Authorization Letter for Record Release 3204 App A 18 465 Tremolite, Non Asbestiform 5208.1(g)(2) 470 Vinyl Chloride 5210(m) Refineries (see also Oil and Gas Refineries entry) 5629 595 Refuse 146 Collection Equipment 4344 Definitions 4343 145 146 Hoist and Tilt-Frame 4345 Compaction Equipment (see also Compaction Equipment 146 148 under Waste Disposal entry) 4350-4355 218 Repetitive Motion Injuries 5110 Reporting Requirements 122 Amusement Rides 3920 389 Carcinogens 5203 554 Explosives, Manufacturing and Processing 5320 Reporting Work-Connected Injuries 12 Respirators 483 Acrylonitrile 5213(h) Arsenic, Inorganic 5214(h) 492 Asbestos (see also 444 Respiratory Protection under Asbestos entry) 5208(g) 515 Benzene 5218(g) 1,3-Butadiene 5201(h) 376 394 Cadmium 5207(g) 232 Cleaning 5144 App B-2 Coke Oven Emissions 5211(p) 473 275 279 Cotton Dust 5190(f), 5190 App B 220 Definitions 5144(b) 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) 5212(h) 476 233 Employee Information 5144 App D 524 Ethylene Dibromide 5219(h) Ethylene Oxide 5220(g) 527 77 Fire Fighters 3409 223 225 Fit Testing 5144(f), 5144 App A Formaldehyde 5217(g) 501 535 Fumigation 5221(a), 5223(a)(3) Hazardous Substances (see also Respiratory Protection 220 under Hazardous Substances entry) 5144 335 Lead 5198(f)

,

–

,

,

658

INDEX

,

Respirators (continued) Medical Evaluation 5144(e), 5144 App C 222 232 381 Methylene Chloride 5202(g) 498 4,4-Methylenebis 5215(g) 367 Methylenedianiline 5200(h) Non Asbestiform Tremolite, 464 Anthophyllite, and Actinolite 5208.1(d) 221 Respiratory Protection Program 5144(c) 223 Use 5144(g) User Seal Check 5144 App B-1 232 71 Rest Rooms 3364, 3365 139 Rivet Setting Equipment 4216 70 Rodents, Extermination 3362(f) Rollover Protective Structures, 111 Agricultural and Industrial Tractors 3651 158 Rubber and Composition Working Machines 4580-4592 159 Bale Cutters, Guillotine 4585 159 Bevel Cutters, Circular Knife 4586 Calender Rolls 4580 158 158 Stopping Limits 4581 159 Cutter-Sheet Rubber 4587 Power-Driven Rotary Saws and Slitters 4588 159 158 Rubber Mills 4582 159 Stopping Devices, Testing and Maintenance 4592 158 Stopping Limits 4583 158 Calenders 4581 158 New Mill 4584 159 Tube Splicers 4591 159 Tubing Machines 4589

,

–

159

S Safety and Health Protection on the Job Addendum 631 Safety Belts (see also Seat Belts entry) 109 Aerial Devices 3648(o) 120 Amusement Rides 3907(c) 93 Hazardous Substances, Working Over 3480(c)(1) 94 Loose Material, Bulk Storage 3482(d) 43 Window Cleaning 3284(b) Sanitation 85 Agricultural Operations 3457 Industrial Plants (see also 70 Sanitation under Plants, Industrial entry) 3360-3368 301 Temporary Workplaces 5192(n) Scaffolds Mobile Ladder Scaffolds 3620-3625 105 106 105 Casters 3622(g) Definitions 3621 105 105 Fasteners 3622(d) 105 Load Rating 3622(b)(2) Materials 3622(c) 105 105 Scope 3620 106 Tube and Coupler Scaffolds 3625 Tubular Welded Scaffolds Folding Scaffolds 3624 105 105 Frame Scaffolds 3623 Wheels 3622(g) 105 105 Work Levels 3622(f) Plants, Industrial 29 Lamp Scaffolds 3247 45 Rolling Scaffolds 3288 44 Suspended Scaffolds 3285 Signs, Outdoor Poster Ladder Scaffolds 3414 79 79 Suspended Scaffolds 3415 Window Cleaning (see also 41 Scaffolds under Window Cleaning entry) 3282-3291 Seat Belts 111 Agricultural and Industrial Tractors 3653 Gantry Cranes 3472(k) 91

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71

–

46

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Section #, Page #

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 659 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Sulfur

–

Section #, Page #

Skylights Fall Protection 3212(e) 23 65 Illumination 3317(c) Slings 5040-5049 195 209 196 Alloy Steel Chain Slings 5044 198 Defective Hooks and Rings 5049 Definitions 5041 195 197 Fiber Rope Slings 5047 196 Inspections 5043 Metal Mesh Slings 5046 197 197 Natural Fiber Rope Slings 5047 196 Operating Practices 5042 Synthetic Fiber Rope Slings 5047 197 197 Synthetic Web Slings 5048 196 Wire Rope Slings 5045 Smoking Bulk Plants, Near 5622 595 457 Cessation Program Information 5208 App I Explosives, Near 5246 540 233 Prohibition in Workplace 5148 586 Service Stations, Near 5580 592 Tanks, Near 5603 Snow Avalanche Blasting 560 561 Misfires 5358 558 559 Placing Explosives Charges 5357 558 Safety Fuse 5356 558 Scope 5355 Spirometry Prediction Tables for 280 Normal Males and Females 5190 App C Spray Coating Operations 5445-5461 569 573 573 Automobile Undercoating in Garages 5459 572 Curing Apparatus 5456 Dry Type Overspray Collectors 5447 569 572 Drying Apparatus 5456 573 Dual Component Coatings 5461 Electrostatic Hand Spraying Equipment 5455 572 569 Exhaust Air Filters 5447 571 Fire Protection 5452 Fixed Electrostatic Apparatus 5454 572 Flammable and 571 Combustible Liquids, Storage and Handling 5451 Fusion Apparatus 5456 572 570 Ignition Sources 5449 571 Maintenance 5453 Operation 5453 571 Organic Peroxides 5461 573 237 Personal Protective Equipment 5153 Powder Coating 5460 573 Scope 5445 569 569 Spray Booths 5446 571 Cleanliness 5453(d) Ventilation 5153, 5450 237 570 569 Washing Chamber 5448 Sprinkler Systems 610 Automatic 6170 611 Foam Water 6182 Stairways (see also 26 Stairways under Plants, Industrial entry) 3231 37 Step Ladders 3278(d)(1), (5) 159 Stone Working Machines 4625, 4626 Storage Batteries, Changing and Charging 5185 268 Sulfur 334 Hazardous Substances 5196 Liquid Sulfur, Handling 4414 149

–

,

,

–

IX

IX Subject Index

Service Stations Automobile Lifts (see also 94 Lifts under Motor Vehicles entry) 3541-3549 Flammable Liquids 5565-5581 583 586 Containers Inside Buildings 5568 584 Portable 5577 586 583 Storage 5566(a) Dispensing Attendance 5578 586 584 Fuel Dispensing Systems 5571 584 Fuel Dispensing Units 5573 Portable Containers 5577 586 586 Supervision 5578 Drainage 5579 586 Electrical Equipment 5574 585 Emergency Power Cutoff 5572 584 586 Fire Control 5581 586 Fuel Delivery Nozzles 5576 Fuel Dispensing Systems 5571 584 Units 5573 584 Heating Equipment 5575 586 Ignition Sources 5580 586 584 Inside Buildings 5568 584 Piping, Valves, and Fittings 5569 586 Portable Containers, Dispensing into 5577 Remote Pumping Systems 5570 584 Scope 5565 583 Storage 5566 583 584 Inside Buildings 5568 Tanks Aboveground 5566(b) 583 584 Elevated 5566(e) 583 Marine Service Stations 5566(d) Special Enclosures 5567 584 Vent Pipes 5566(a) 583 586 Waste Disposal 5579 Gasoline Delivery Nozzles 5576 586 584 Dispensing Systems 5571 Dispensing Units 5573 584 Storage 5566(a) 583 153 Sewing Machines 4475 Sheepsheering Equipment 3454 85 Signs 69 Accident Prevention 3340 Acrylonitrile 5213(p) 484 494 Arsenic, Inorganic 5214(l) 445 Asbestos 5208(j)(3) Bloodborne Pathogens 5193(g)(1)(B) 317 399 Cadmium 5207(m)(2) 468 Carcinogens 5209(e)(1) Coke Oven Emissions 5211(u) 475 Cotton Dust 5190(j) 277 478 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane (DBCP) 5212(o) Ethylene Dibromide 5219(k) 525 24 Exit 3216 Hydrogen 5470 574 338 Lead 5198(m) 4,4-Methylenebis 5215(l) 499 368 Methylenedianiline 5200(k)(1) Non Asbestiform Tremolite, Anthophyllite, and Actinolite 5208.1(h) 465 Outdoor (see also Outdoor Advertising Structures entry) 3412-3416 78 68 Railroad 3333 Vinyl Chloride 5210(l) 470

,

INDEX

659

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 660 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Tanks

T Tanks (see also 586 592 Tanks under Flammable Liquids entry) 5583-5605 Testing 120 Amusement Rides 3903 Cranes (see also Testing under Cranes entry) 5020-5028 193 194 Derricks (see also 193 194 Testing under Derricks entry) 5020-5028 556 Explosives 5330 574 Gaseous Hydrogen Systems 5471 Liquefied Hydrogen Systems 5487 576 Permit-Required Confined 259 Spaces, Atmospheric Testing 5157 App B Personal Protective Equipment 5192 App A 304 593 Piping 5612 52 Powered Platforms and Equipment 3296 Pressure Vessels 3304(a) 63 223 225 Respirators, Fit Testing 5144(f), 5144 App A Rubber and Composition 159 Working Machines, Stopping Devices 4592 592 Tanks 5604 165 Welding, Piping Systems 4826 152 153 Textile Machinery and Equipment 4456-4476 153 Cards 4461 153 Carpet Frayers 4462 153 Carpet Trimmers 4463 153 Circular Knives 4464 Cloth Cutters 4476 153 153 Commercial Sewing Machines 4475 153 Cotton Combers, Gear Housing Covers 4459 Cotton Picker, Opener, and Willower 4465 153 153 Cuttles 4474 152 Definitions 4457 Doublers 4469 153 153 Drawing Frames, Gear Housing Covers 4459 153 Drying Cans 4472 Dye Jigs 4471 153 153 Garnett Machines 4470 153 Hand Bailing Machines 4473 Nappers 4468 153 153 Picker Machines 4466 153 Pile Cutters 4467 Rag Shredders 4462 153 Ring Spinning Frames, Gear Housing Covers 4459 153 153 Roving Parts, Gear Housing Covers 4459 Scope 4456 152 Sewing Machines 4475 153 153 Shearers 4467 Shuttles 4460 153 153 Silver and Ribbon Lap Machines 4469 Slubbers, Gear Housing Covers 4459 153 153 Swing Folders 4474 Twisters, Gear Housing Covers 4459 153 152 Warpers 4458 159 Thermo-Setting Plastic Molding Presses 4601 Tobacco, Cigar Cutters (see also Smoking entry) 4558 157 71 Toilet Facilities 3364, 3365 95 Tools (see also Equipment and Tools entry) 3556 Tower Cranes (see also 186 Tower Cranes under Cranes entry) 4965 Tractors Agricultural (see also 83 111 Tractors under Agriculture entry) 3440, 3651 Industrial (see also 111 Industrial Tractors under Plants, Industrial entry) 3651 Trade Secrets 16 Access to Employee Medical Records 3204(f) Definition 5194 App D 327 324 Hazardous Substances 5194(i)

–

–

–

,

–

,

660

INDEX

Trash Collection Equipment 4344 146 145 Definitions 4343 Hoist and Tilt-Frame 4345 146 Compaction Equipment (see also Compaction Equipment under Waste Disposal entry) 4350-4355 Tree Work, Maintenance, or Removal Accident Prevention Program 3421(a) 81 81 Aerial Devices 3424(b) Backpack Power Units 3425(b) 81 81 Brush Chippers 3424(c) 81 Climber Spurs 3426(d) Climbing 3427(a) 81 81 Electrical Hazards 3423 81 Employee Training 3421(c), (f) Felling 3427(c) 82 81 Gasoline Engine Power Saws 3425(a) 81 Hearing Protection 3421(k) Inspection of Equipment and Safety Devices 3421(e) 81 Mobile Equipment 3424 82 Operating Rules 3428 81 Potable Water 3421(g) 81 82 Pruning 3425(b), 3426(b), 3427(b) Qualified Tree Worker 81 Definition 3420(b) 81 Job Briefing 3421(d) 81 Supervision of Work Location 3421(b) Rescue Procedures 3421(j) 81 81 Ropes 3426(c) Saddles for Workers 3422 81 81 Safe Work Procedures 3427 81 Saws 3425(a), 3426(b) Scope 3420(a) 81 Tools 81 Hand Tools 3426 Portable Power Hand Tools 3425 81 81 Traffic Endangerment 3421(h) 81 Training of Employees 3421(c), (f) Trimming 3427(b) 82 Tremolite (see also Non Asbestiform Tremolite, 464 Anthophyllite, and Actinolite entry) 5208.1

146

–

148

81

,

U Ultra-Violet Radiation 5079 211 Underground Tanks (see also Tanks, Underground Tanks under Flammable Liquids entry) 5597-5599

591

V Valves 165 Hydraulic Back-Pressure Valves 4828 Hydraulic Relief Valves 4955 186 592 Materials 5607 32 Pipe Valves 3274 Piping Systems 5611 593 94 Steam Engines, Valve Gears 3512 Vehicles (see also Motor Vehicles entry) 3636-3809 Ventilation 234 Abrasive Blasting 5151(a)(1) 235 Abrasive Wheels 5152(b) Biological Safety Cabinets 5154.2 240 593 Bulk Plants 5618 394 Cadmium 5207(f)(3) Dip Tanks 5427 567 582 Flammable and Combustible Liquids 5546(c) 566 Flammable Gases 5416(a) Flammable Vapors 5416(a) 566 163 Generator Houses or Rooms 4807(a) 239 Laboratory-Type Hood Operations 5154.1

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106

120

Section #, Page #

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 661 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Wells Ventilation (continued) Mechanical Ventilation Systems 5143 220 63 Pits 3309(a) 63 Sewage Tanks and Sumps 3309(b) 237 570 Spray Coating Operations 5153, 5450 63 Trenches 3309(a) Tunnels 3309(a) 63 234 Welding, Brazing, and Cutting 5150 Vinyl Chloride 469 Application 5210(a) 469 Compliance Methods 5210(f) 469 Definitions 5210(b) 470 Emergency Situations 5210(i) 470 Employee Training 5210(j) 469 Hazardous Operations 5210(h) 470 Medical Surveillance 5210(k) 469 Monitoring 5210(d) 469 Permissible Exposure Limit 5210(c) Records 5210(m) 470 469 Regulated Area 5210(e) 469 Respiratory Protection 5210(g) Scope 5210(a) 469 470 Signs and Labels 5210(l) 471 Supplementary Medical Information 5210 App A

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W –

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Section #, Page #

Oil and Gas Refineries entries) 5311-5314

Explosives, Service Industry 553 Assembly 5312 Electric Firing 5314 554 Loading 5312 553 553 Scope 5311 Storage 5313 554 Transportation 5313 554

553

–

IX

IX Subject Index

Waste Disposal 446 Asbestos 5208(k)(6) 595 Bulk Plants 5623 146 148 Compaction Equipment 4350-4355 147 Balers 4353 147 Construction 4352 146 Definitions 4351 147 Mobile Equipment 4354 148 Operating Rules 4355(c) 147 Modification 4352 148 Operating Rules 4355 147 Reconstruction 4352 146 Scope 4350 147 Stationary Equipment 4353 148 Operating Rules 4355(b) Definitions 146 Compaction Equipment 4351 Refuse and Trash Collection Equipment 4343 145 Explosives 5240 539 157 Food 4559 Garbage Disposal Equipment 4559 157 499 4,4-Methylenebis 5215(i) 146 Refuse and Trash Collection Equipment 4344 Hoist and Tilt-Frame Equipment 4345 146 586 Service Stations, Flammable Liquids 5579 Water 163 Generators 4809 71 Industrial Plants 3363 149 Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Mills 4405 Water Gels 5242 539 Welding 266 Containers 5166 Electric Welding Arc Welding and Cutting 4851 169 169 Inert-Gas Metal-Arc Welding 4853 Resistance Welding 4852 169 163 167 Gas Systems 4794-4848 165 Acetylene Piping 4823 163 Approval 4797 Booster Pumps 4840 167

Welding (continued) Gas Systems (continued) Calcium Carbide 165 Opening Containers 4819 164 Storage 4818 164 Indoors 4818(b) Outdoors 4818(c) 164 167 Compressor Pumps 4840 163 Definitions 4795 Fire Prevention 4848 167 Generators 163 Approval 4797 163 Marking 4797 Portable Acetylene Generators 164 Maintenance 4816 164 Operation 4816 164 Usage 4815 163 Pressure Limitations 4798 Rating 4798 163 Stationary Acetylene Generators 164 Drain Connection 4810 Escape Pipes 4811 164 Exits from Houses, Rooms, or Compartments 4806 163 163 Freezing, Protection Against 4808 164 Gas Holders 4813 163 Heating of Houses or Rooms 4807(b) 163 Housing 4803 163 Inside Generator Rooms or Compartments 4805 163 Lighting of Houses or Rooms 4807(c) 164 Maintenance 4812 164 Operation 4812 163 Outside Generator Houses 4804 164 Relief Pipes 4811 163 Ventilation of Houses or Rooms 4807(a) 163 Water Supply Connection 4809 163 Training 4799 166 Hose 4839 166 Liquid Oxygen 4837 165 Manifolds 4834 166 Fuel Gas Manifolds 4835 166 Oxygen Manifolds 4836 163 Marking 4797 167 Operating Procedures 4845 Piping 4821-4828 165 165 Acetylene Piping 4823 Design 4821 165 165 Hydraulic Back-Pressure Valves 4828 165 Installation 4825 Joints 4824 165 165 Materials 4821 165 Oxygen Piping 4822 Painting 4827 165 165 Signs 4827 165 Testing 4826 Pressure Regulators 4838 166 163 Purpose 4794 163 Training 4799 Personal Protective Equipment 5150 234 234 Ventilation 5150 Wells (see also Derricks, 554

INDEX

661

Cal-OSHA 7GI.book Page 662 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 11:14 AM

Wharves Wharves (see also Marine Terminal Operations entry) 5620 Window Cleaning 41 Accident Prevention 3282(b) Anchors and Fittings 3283 42 44 Boatswain’s Chairs 3286 44 Controlled Descent Apparatus 3286 Definitions 3281 39 45 Extension Tools 3289 45 Ladders 3287 Operating Procedures Outline Sheet Article 5 App A 46 45 Permanent Roof Top Installations 3291 44 Personal Fall Arrest Systems 3284(c), Article 6 App C Prohibited Equipment 3290 45 43 Safety Belts 3284(b) 41 Safety Equipment 3282 Scaffolds Rolling Scaffolds 3288 45 41 Safety Training 3282 Suspended 3285 44 45 Tools 3289 43 Window Cleaner’s Belts 3284(a) 595 Wineries, Flammable and Combustible Liquids 5629 141 Woodworking Machines and Equipment 4296-4324 145 Automatic Lathes 4319 144 Band Knives and Band Saws 4310 144 Belt Sanders 4312 144 Boring and Mortising Machines 4316 Box-Shook Cut-off Saws 4304 143 142 Brush Chippers 4299 California Cut-off Saws 4304 143 143 Circular Hand Saws 4307 143 Circular Knives 4302 Circular Ripsaws 142 Manual Feed 4300 143 Self-Feed 4301 Combination Woodworking Machines 4320 145 143 Cordwood Saws, Guarding 4303 145 Cracked Saws 4321 Crosscut Saws 4302 143 142 Definitions 4297 144 Disc Sanders 4313 Drum Sanders 4314 144 144 Elbow Sanders 4315

,

662

INDEX

594

55

Woodworking Machines and Equipment (continued) Exhaust Systems 4324 145 144 Hand Fed Planers 4311 142 Hog Mills 4298 144 Horizontal Pull Saws 4309 143 Inverted Swing Cut-Off Saws 4306 Jointers 4311 144 143 Jump Saws 4306 145 Lathes 4319 Miter Saws 4307.1 143 Planing, Moulding, Sticking, and Matching Machines 4318 143 Portable Power Driven Circular Hand Saws 4307 144 Radial Arm Saws 4309 145 Shapers 4318.1 145 Shoe Last Lathes 4319 142 Slash Chippers 4299 143 Sliding Cut-Off Saws 4305 145 Speed of Saw Blades or Knives 4322 Spoke Lathes 4319 145 143 Swing Cut-Off Saws 4305, 4306 144 Tenoning Machines 4317 Underslung Saws 4306 143 145 Wobble Saws 4323 145 Wood Shapers 4318.1 Work Platforms Elevating Work Platforms 106 Application 3636 107 Assembly Design 3639 106 Definitions 3637 108 Inclined Surfaces, Stability 3645 107 Maintenance 3640 108 Moving Parts, Guarding 3643 108 Operating Instructions 3646 107 Orchard Man-Lifts 3641 108 Pin-On Platforms 3647 107 Pruning Towers 3641 107 Repairs 3640 106 Mobile Work Platforms 3626 29 Working Warehouses 3241.1

X X-rays 5208(l), 5208 App E

446

,

144

455

Section #, Page #

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page ii Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Division 1 - Department of Industrial Relations Chapter 4 - Division of Industrial Safety Subchapter 4 - Construction Safety Orders Article 1 - Introduction

13

§1502

Article 2 - Definitions

13

§§1504 -1505

Article 3 - General

19

21 86 86

§§1539-1543

Article 7 - Bins, Bunkers, Hoppers, and Material Storage

102

§§1548-1549

Article 10 - Haulage and Earth Moving

103

§§1590-1596

Article 11- Vehicles, Traffic Control, Flaggers, Barricades, and Warning Signs

105 106

§§1600-1601

Article 13 - Work Over or Near Water

107

§§1602-1603

Article 14 - Construction Hoists

107

§§1604-1605.21

Article 16 - Standard Railings

126

§§1620-1621

Article 17 - Ramps, Runways, Stairwells, and Stairs

127 128

§§1629-1630

Article 19 - Floor, Roof, and Wall Openings

128

§§1632-1633

Article 20 - Temporary Floors §1635

Article 24 - Fall Protection

TOC

140

§§1669-1671.2

Article 25 - Ladders

142

§§1675-1678

Article 27 - Powder-Actuated Tools

143

§§1684-1692

Article 28 - Miscellaneous Construction Tools and Equipment

144

§§1693-1707

Article 29 - Erection and Construction Article 30 - Roofing Operations and Equipment Article 31- Demolition

146

159 162

Article 32 - Oxygen, Acetylene, and Fuel Gas 163 §§1740-1743

Article 33 - Electrical Requirements for Construction Work

164

§1760

Article 34 - Nonionizing Radiation

165

§1801

Article 35 - Helicopter Operations Article 36 - Fire Protection and Prevention

165

166

§§1920-1938

Subchapter 5 - Electrical Safety Orders Group 1 - Low-Voltage Electrical Safety Orders Article 1 - Definitions Article 2 - Administration

187 191

§§2305.1-2305.4

Article 3 - Work Procedures

192

§§2320.1-2320.9

Article 4 - Requirements for Electrical Installations

193

§§2340.1-2340.27

129

Article 5 - Use and Identification of Grounded Conductors §§2350.2-2350.11

ii

137

§§1658-1667

§2300

§§1623-1626

Article 18 - Access and Egress

Article 23 - Suspended Scaffolds

§§1900-1909

§§1597-1599

Article 12 - Pile Driving

131

§§1640-1655

§§1734-1736

§1538

Article 6 - Excavations

Article 22 - Scaffolds — Various Types

§§1723-1731

§§1528-1537

Article 5 - Rock Drilling

130

§1637

§§1709-1722.1

§§1509-1527

Article 4 - Dusts, Fumes, Mists, Vapors, and Gases

Article 21 - Scaffolds — General Requirements

195

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page iii Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Article 6- Branch Circuits

195

§§2360.1-2360.5

197

§§2375.1-2375.19

Article 9- Services

197

§2380.1

Article 10 - Overcurrent Protection

197

§§2390.1-2390.81

Article 11 - Grounding §§2395.1-2395.114

201

§§2405.1-2405.4

202

§§2420.3-2420.7

Article 45- Cabinets, Boxes, and Fittings

203 203

203

§§2484.3-2484.24

Article 48.1- Enclosures for Damp or Wet Locations

204 204 204

§§2505.2-2505.12

Article 51 - Lighting Fixtures, Lampholders, Lamps and Receptacles

205 205

§§2522.2-2522.32

Article 53 - Fixed Electric Space Heating Equipment

206

206

206

Article 74 - Cranes and Hoists

223

Article 74.1- Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators, Moving Walks, Wheelchair Lifts, and Stairway Chair Lifts

223

§§2562.1-2562.7

224

Article 76 - Sound Recording and Similar Equipment

224

§§2564.1-2564.6

Article 77 - Information Technology Equipment Article 77.1- X-Ray Equipment

224 225

§§2566.1-2566.3

Article 77.2- Induction and Dielectric Heating Equipment Article 78 - Electrically Driven or Controlled Irrigation Machines

225

225

Article 79 - Swimming Pools, Fountains and Similar Installations Article 80 - Emergency Systems

225 226

§§2571.1-2571.30

Article 82 - Electrolytic Systems 207

§§2530.4-2530.124

Article 57 - Transformers and Transformer Vaults (Including Secondary Ties) 208 §§2533.1-2533.2

222

§§2569.1-2569.51

§§2527.1-2527.55

Article 56 - Motors, Motor Circuits and Controllers

Article 73 - Electric Signs and Outline Lighting

§§2568.2-2568.16

§§2526.1-2526.50

Article 55 - Fixed Electric Heating Equipment for Pipelines and Vessels

222

§§2554.1-2554.50

§§2567.1-2567.3

§§2524.1-2524.65

Article 54 - Fixed Outdoor Electric De-Icing and Snow Melting Equipment

221

§§2553.1-2553.66

§§2565.2-2565.3

§§2510.1-2510.58

Article 52 - Appliances

Article 71 - Motion-Picture Studios and Similar Locations

§§2563.22-2563.33

§§2500.7-2500.25

Article 50 - Fixture Wires

219

§§2552.1-2552.72

Article 75 - Electric Welders

§§2485.1-2485.2

Article 49 - Flexible Cords and Cables

219

§§2551.1-2551.3

§§2561.1-2561.55

§§2480.3-2480.9

Article 48 - Switchboards and Panelboards

215

§§2548.21-2548.26

§§2560.2-2560.10

§§2473.1-2473.2

Article 47 - Switches

Article 60 - Oil and Gas Wells

Article 72 - Motion Picture Projectors 202

§§2418.2-2418.6

Article 16 - Open Wiring on Insulators

208

§§2540.1-2540.10

Article 70 - Theaters and Similar Locations

§§2400.1-2400.2

Article 15 - Cable Trays

Article 59 - Hazardous (Classified) Locations

Article 69 - Places of Assembly 198

Article 12 - - Wiring Methods, Components, and Equipment for General Use 201 Article 13 - Temporary Wiring

208

§§2534.2-2535.1

227

§§2580.1-2580.6

Article 83- Electrolytic Cells

227

§§2583.1-2583.8

Article 84- Carnivals, Circuses, Fairs, and Similar Events

227

§§2584.1-2584.8

TOC

iii

TOC Table of Contents

Article 8 - Outdoor Wiring

Article 58 - Capacitors

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page iv Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Article 85- Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 Remote Control, Signaling, and Power Limited Circuits

Article 18 - Conductors 228

§§2585.1-2585.3

Article 86- Fire Alarm Systems

228

§§2586.1-2586.4

Article 87- Communications Systems

229

§§2587.1-2587.5

Article 88- Solar Photovoltaic Systems

229

§§2588.1-2588.3

Article 89- Integrated Electrical Systems

229

§§2589.1-2589.2

Group 2 - High-Voltage Electrical Safety Orders Article 1 - Definitions

231

§2700

Article 2 - Administration

235 236

238 239

§§2734-2738

Article 6 - Grounding

239

§§2739.0-2743

Article 7 - General Requirements — Wiring Methods

241 242

§§2752-2754.2

Article 9 - Open Wiring (Bare)

242

§§2755-2758

Article 10 - Conduit

242 243

§§2764-2773

Article 12 - Continuous Rigid Cable Supports 244 §§2775-2779

Article 13 - Metal-Clad Cable

§§2805-2813

iv

TOC

Article 28 - Rotating Machinery and Its Control Apparatus

252

§§2880-2885

Article 29 - Capacitors Article 30 - Resistors and Reactors Article 31- Lightning Arresters Article 32 - Mobile and Portable Equipment

254 255 255 255

§§2906-2912

Article 33 - Mine and Tunnel Installations

255

§§2914-2923

Article 34 - Hazardous (Classified) Locations

256

§2925

256

§§2930-2936

Article 36 - Work Procedures and Operating Procedures 257 §§2940-2945

Article 37 - Provisions for Preventing Accidents Due to Proximity to Overhead Lines 264 Article 38 - Line Clearance Tree Trimming Operations

265

§§2950-2951

Article 39 - Signs and Outline Lighting — Exceeding 600 Volts

265

§§2970-2974

Article 41 - Communications Systems

245

Article 42 - Induction and Dielectric Heating Equipment

266

§§2980-2983

267

§§2985.0-2985.2

268

§§2987.0-2987.1

245

§§2801-2803

Article 17 - Vaults and Enclosures

251

§§2873-2878

244

§§2796-2799.6

Article 16 - Vertical Suspension of Cables

Article 27 - Transformers

Article 40 - Electronic News Gathering

§§2789-2795

Article 15 - Temporary Wiring

250

§§2857-2871

244

§§2781-2787.1

Article 14 - Portable (Flexible) Cable

Article 26 - Metal-Enclosed Power Switchgear and Industrial Control Assemblies

§§2946-2949

§§2760-2762

Article 11 - Metal-Enclosed Bus

248

§§2832-2855

Article 35 - Workspace and Guarding

§§2745.0-2751

Article 8 - Pull and Junction Boxes

Article 20 - Switches

§§2900-2904

§§2719-2732

Article 5 - Feeders and Branch Circuits

247

§§2823-2831

§§2896-2898

§§2710-2718.1

Article 4 - Service and Service Entrance Equipment

Article 19 - Outdoor Wiring

§§2887-2894

§§2703-2709

Article 3 - General

246

§§2815-2821

245

Article 43 - Integrated Electrical Systems §§2985.0-2985.2

268

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§14300-Appendix G

Addendum

Subchapter 1 - Occupational Injury or Illness Reports and Records Article 1 - Reporting of Occupational Injury or Illness

269

§§14000-14007

Article 2 - Employer Records of Occupational Injury or Illness

TOC

Cal/OSHA District Offices (Enforcement) Directory

285

Operating Rules for Industrial Trucks

286

Safety and Health Protection on the Job

287

Sharps Injury Log

288

Repealed and Renumbered Sections 289 Index

291

270

TOC

v

Table of Contents

Chapter 7 - Division of Labor Statistics and Research

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Notes

vi

TOC

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 1 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Chapter 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA)

Chapter 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA) Subchapter 1. Regulations of the Director of Industrial Relations Article 1.

Definitions Under California Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1973 §330. Definitions.

which requires inpatient hospitalization for a period in excess of 24 hours for other than medical observation or in which an employee suffers a loss of any member of the body or suffers any serious degree of permanent disfigurement, but does not include any injury or illness or death caused by the commission of a Penal Code violation, except the violation of Section 385 of the Penal Code, or an accident on a public street or highway.

Article 2.

Advance Notice of Inspections §331. Advance Notice.

The intent of these regulations is the complete avoidance of the advance notice to employers of pending inspections or investigations unless there are important advantages in performance of inspections to be gained by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health. Any advance notification not allowed under these rules may constitute a violation of Labor Code Section 6321, punishable by a fine of not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than six months, or by both.

Ch 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

In this chapter unless otherwise specifically indicated: (a) "Chief" means the Chief Administrative Officer of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health. (b) "Working days" means Mondays through Fridays but shall not include Saturday, Sunday or State Holidays. In computing 15 working days, the day of receipt of any notice shall not be included, and the last day of the 15 working days shall be included. (c) "Inspection" means any inspection of an employer's factory, plant, establishment, construction site, or other area, workplace or environment where work is performed by an employee of an employer and includes any inspection conducted pursuant to a complaint, any reinspection, or follow-up inspection. (d) "Code" means the California Labor Code. (e) "Order" included within the term "order" are the General Orders adopted by the Industrial Safety Board or the Industrial Accident Commission, Rules and Regulations promulgated by the Director of the Department of Industrial Relations and the Division of Occupational Safety and Health, decisions, requirements and orders made by the Division of Occupational Safety and Health. (f) "Carcinogen" includes the following recognized cancer causing substances for which standards have been adopted: (1) Any of the following substances and any compound, mixture, or product containing such substances: (A) 2-acetylaminofluorene.

(B) 4-aminodiphenyl.

(C) Benzidine (and its salts).

(D) Bis (chloromethyl) ether.

(E) 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine (and its salts).

(F) 4-dimethylaminoazobenzene.

(G) Beta-naphthylamine.

(H) 4-Nitrobiphenyl.

(I) N-nitrosodimethylamine.

(J) Beta-propriolactone.

(K) Methyl chloromethyl ether.

(L) Alpha-naphthylamine.

(M) 4,4'-Methylenebis (2-Chloroaniline.)

(N) Ethyleneimine.

(2) Asbestos, including chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite, and actinolite.

(3) Vinyl chloride.

(4) 1,2- dibromo -3 chloropropane (DBCP).

(5) Coke oven emissions (6) Acrylonitrile.

(7) Inorganic Arsenic.

(8) Ethylene Dibromide (EDB) (9) Ethylene Oxide (10) Any other substance for which standards are adopted and in effect due to cancer causing properties and any compound, mixture, or product containing such a substance, except as specifically exempted from such standards. (g) "Order To Take Special Action" means any order written by the Chief or his or her authorized representative which requires the employer to comply with applicable provisions of Division 5 of the California Labor Code, or with specific standards, orders or regulations of the Standards Board whose enforcement upon the employer are at the discretion of the Division (h) "Serious injury or illness" means any injury or illness occurring in a place of employment or in connection with any employment

§332. (g)

§331.1. When Advance Notice Justified. (a) Except when the investigation or inspection is to be made as the result of an employee complaint, situations justifying advance notice include the following: (1) Situations of apparent imminent danger where prompt abatement is essential; (2) Situations when, to be effective, the inspection must be arranged to assure availability of essential personnel or access to the site, equipment, or process; (3) Other situations where, in the judgment of the Chief or his designee, the giving of advance notice is advantageous for achieving a thorough inspection. (b) When the investigation or inspection is to be made as the result of an employee complaint, advance notice is to be authorized only if the situation appears to present imminent danger to the health or safety of an employee or employees.

§331.2. Time of Advance Notice.

The lapse of time between advance notice and the inspection shall not exceed a minimum that is consistent with the reason for such notice. In no instance will advance notice be given more than 24 hours prior to the scheduled inspection or investigation except in unusual circumstances, where imminent danger exists or where practical considerations mandate a longer period.

§331.3. Notification to Employee Representative.

Any employer receiving advance notice shall promptly inform the employee representative of this fact, if there is one.

§331.4. Arrangement for Inspection.

The employer receiving advance notice shall make any necessary arrangements at his place of business so that the inspection can proceed on schedule as planned.

Article 3.

Citation, Notice, Special Order, Order to Take Special Action, Notice of No Violations After Investigation: Procedures §332. Form of Citation.

The citation form shall set forth: (a) The name of the employer, the employer's address and the workplace inspected; (b) The nature of the violation, in specific terms with reference to the provision of the code, standard, regulation or order alleged to have been violated; (c) Time allowed for correction of alleged violation; (d) Rights of employees respecting the time fixed for correction of violations; (e) Posting requirements (f) Time within which an employer may contest a citation; and (g) Such other information as the Division of Occupational Safety and Health deems appropriate for clear understanding of the form issued.

1

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 2 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

§332.1.

Chapter 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA) §332.1. Issuance of Notice. (a) If, after an inspection or investigation, the Division determines that a violation exists which is not classified as willful, serious, repeated, or related to a failure to abate, the Division may issue a Notice in lieu of citation if either of the following requirements are met: (1) The violation does not bear a direct relationship upon employee safety or health, or; (2) The violation bears a direct, but not immediate relationship upon employee safety or health, and is general or regulatory in nature. (b) The Notice may be issued only if the criteria set forth in subdivision (a) hereof are satisfied, and in addition thereto, the employer agrees to abate the violative condition within a reasonable time as determined by the Division and agrees that the Notice will not be appealed. The agreement shall be indicated by the signature of the employer, or authorized employer representative, on the Notice itself. (c) A Notice shall not be issued if the number of first instance violations, either general or regulatory, is 10 or more.

§332.2. Issuance of Special Order.

If upon inspection or investigation the Division determines that an unsafe condition, device, or place of employment poses a threat to the health and safety of an employee which cannot be made safe under existing standards or orders of the Standards Board the Division may issue a special order.

§332.3. Issuance of Order to Take Special Action.

After inspection or investigation the Division may require the employer to comply with applicable provisions of Division 5 of the California Labor Code or with specific standards or orders of the Standards Board whose enforcement upon the employer are at the discretion of the Division.

§332.4. Posting of Citation, Special Order, Order to Take Special Action, and Notice of No Violation After Investigation.

Citations issued pursuant to Labor Code Section 6317, Special Orders or Orders to Take Special Action issued pursuant to Labor Code Section 6308, and Notices of No Violation After Investigation issued pursuant to Labor Code Section 6318, or copies thereof, shall be posted at or near the referenced site of the violation or condition giving rise to the citation or order. The posted Citation, Special Order, Order to Take Special Action, or Notice of No Violation After Investigation shall be positioned so as to be easily read by employees working nearby. All postings shall be maintained for a period of three working days or until the unsafe condition is abated, whichever is longer.

Article 4.

Proposed Penalty Procedure §333. Notice of Proposed Assessment of Civil Penalties.

Where a civil penalty is indicated, the Division shall after, or concurrent with the issuance of a citation, and within a reasonable time after the date the violation occurred, notify the employer by certified mail of the civil penalty proposed by the Division respecting the item(s) set forth as violation(s) in the citation. Any citation and/or Notice of Proposed Civil Penalty shall be deemed to be the final order of the Appeals Board, not subject to review by or appeal to any court or agency, unless within 15 working days from the date of the receipt of such citation or such notice of proposed civil penalty, the employer notifies the Appeals Board in writing of his intention to contest the citation and/or the civil penalty, with respect to violations alleged by the division, abatement periods, amount of proposed penalties, and the reasonableness of the changes required by the division to abate the condition.

§334. Classification of Violations and Definitions.

For purposes of penalty assessments, violations of occupational safety and health standards, violations of California Health and Safety Code Sections 2950 and 25910, orders, special orders and regulations are classified as follows: (a) Regulatory Violation — is a violation, other than one defined as Serious or General that pertains to permit, posting, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements as established by regulation or statute.

For example, failure to obtain permit; failure to post citation, poster; failure to keep required records; failure to report industrial accidents, etc.

2

(b) General Violation — is a violation which is specifically determined not to be of a serious nature, but has a relationship to occupational safety and health of employees. (c) Serious Violation.

(1) A "serious violation" shall be deemed to exist in a place of employment if there is a substantial probability that death or serious physical harm could result from a violation, including, but not limited to, circumstances where there is a substantial probability that either of the following could result in death or great bodily injury: (A) A serious exposure exceeding an established permissible exposure limit or (B) A condition which exists, or from one or more practices, means, methods, operations, or processes which have been adopted or are in use, in the place of employment.

(2) Notwithstanding subsection (c)(1), a serious violation shall not be deemed to exist if the employer can demonstrate that it did not, and could not with the exercise of reasonable diligence, know of the presence of the violation.

(3) As used in subsection (c)(1), "substantial probability" refers not to the probability that an accident or exposure will occur as a result of the violation, but rather to the probability that death or serious physical harm will result assuming an accident or exposure occurs as a result of the violation.

(4) For Carcinogens — is a violation of any standard, order, or special order respecting the use of a carcinogen, as defined in 8 California Code of Regulations 330(f). However, the violation shall not be considered serious if the employer can demonstrate that he did not, and could not with the exercise of reasonable diligence, know of the presence of the violation or he can demonstrate that the Division should have determined that the violation was minor and resulted in no substantial health hazard. (d) Repeat Violation (1) General — is a violation where the employer has corrected, or indicated correction of an earlier violation, for which a citation was issued, and upon a later inspection is found to have committed the same violation again within a period of three years immediately preceding the latter violation. For the purpose of considering whether a violation is repeated, a repeat citation issued to employers having fixed establishments (e.g., factories, terminals, stores . . .) will be limited to the cited establishment; for employers engaged in businesses having no fixed establishments (e.g., construction, painting, excavation . . .) a repeat violation will be based on prior violations cited within the same Region of the Division.

(2) Field Sanitation Violations — Is a violation of the State Field Sanitation Standard, currently set forth in 8 CCR 3457, or of the Federal Field Sanitation Standard, currently set forth in 29 CFR 1928.110, where the employer has corrected, or indicated correction of an earlier violation, for which a citation was issued, and upon a later inspection is found to have committed the same violation within a period of five years immediately preceding the latter violation.

For the purpose of considering whether a violation is repeated, a repeat violation will be based on prior violations cited within the State. (e) Willful Violation — is a violation where evidence shows that the employer committed an intentional and knowing, as contrasted with inadvertent, violation, and the employer is conscious of the fact that what he is doing constitutes a violation of a safety law; or, even though the employer was not consciously violating a safety law, he was aware that an unsafe or hazardous condition existed and made no reasonable effort to eliminate the condition. (f) Abatement Date — is the date by which the employer is allowed and required to correct the condition constituting the violation.

§335. Factors Considered in Assessing Civil Penalties.

In the assessment of civil penalties, the following factors shall be considered: (a) The Gravity of the Violation — the Division establishes the degree of gravity of General and Serious violations from its findings and evidence obtained during the inspection/investigation, from its files and records, and other records of governmental agencies pertaining to occupational injury, illness or disease. The degree of gravity of General and Serious violations is determined by assessing and evaluating the following criteria: (1) Severity.

(A) General Violation.

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Article 4. - Proposed Penalty Procedure

(d) The History of Previous Violations — is the employer's history of compliance, determined by examining and evaluating the employer's records in the Division's files. Depending on such records, the History of Previous Violations is rated as: GOOD — Within the last three years, no Serious, Repeat, or Willful violations and less than one General or Regulatory violation per 100 employees at the establishment.

FAIR — Within the last three years, no Serious, Repeat, or Willful violations and less than 20 General or Regulatory violations per 100 employees at the establishment.

POOR — Within the last three years, a Serious, Repeat, or Willful violation or more than 20 General or Regulatory violations per 100 employees at the establishment.

For the purpose of this subsection, establishment and the threeyear computation, shall have the same meaning as in Section 334(d) of this Article.

Ch 3.2

§336. Assessment of Civil Penalties.

Civil penalties for Regulatory, General, Serious, Repeat, Willful, and Failure to Abate violations shall be assessed in the following manner: (a) Regulatory Violation — (1) In General — Any employer who commits any Regulatory violation (as provided in Section 334(a) of this article) shall be assessed a civil penalty of up to $7000 for each such violation.

Except as set forth in parts (2) through (6) of this subsection, a minimum proposed penalty of $500, representing the gravity of the violation, shall be assessed against employers who commit Regulatory violations. The proposed penalty shall be adjusted for Size, Good Faith, and History; however, an abatement credit shall not be granted.

(2) For Carcinogens — A minimum proposed penalty of $1,000 for all carcinogen standard regulatory violations, other than reporting use violations, representing the gravity of the violation, shall be assessed against the employers who commit such violations. The proposed penalty shall be adjusted for Size, Good Faith and History; however, an abatement credit shall not be granted.

(3) For Carcinogens Failure to Report Use. Any employer who violates a reporting requirement respecting the use of a carcinogen as defined in Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations section 330(f), shall be assessed a minimum proposed civil penalty of $2,500. The proposed penalty shall be adjusted for Size, Good Faith, and History; however, an abatement credit shall not be granted.

(4) For Violation of Permit or Registration Requirements. Any employer who violates the permit requirements of article 2, Permits — Excavations, Trenches, Construction and Demolition, and The Underground Use of Diesel Engines in Work in Mines and Tunnels, commencing with section 341 of Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, or the Registration requirements of article 2.5, Registration — Asbestos-Related Work commencing with section 341.6 of Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, shall be assessed a minimum proposed civil penalty of $1,250. The proposed penalty shall be adjusted for Size, Good Faith, and History; however, an abatement credit shall not be granted.

(5) For Violation of Elevator Permit and Posting Requirements.

Any person owning or having custody, management, or operation of an elevator who operates any such elevator without a valid permit, or who fails to post the permit as required, may be assessed a civil penalty pursuant to the provisions of this article of up to $1000.

(6) For Failure to Report Serious Injury or Illness, or Death of an Employee — Any employer who fails to timely report an employee's injury or illness, or death, in vioaltion of section 342(a) of Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, shall be assessed a minimum penalty of $5,000. (b) General Violation — Any employer who violates any occupational safety and health standard, order or special order and such violation is determined to be a General violation (as provided in section 334(b) of this article) may be assessed a civil penalty of up to $7000 for each such violation.

Gravity of a General Violation — The Base Penalty of a General violation is determined by evaluating Severity (as provided in section 335(a)(1)(A) of this article). If the Severity is: LOW — The Base Penalty shall be $1,000.

MEDIUM — The Base Penalty shall be $1,500.

HIGH — The Base Penalty shall be $2,000.

California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

i. When the safety order violated pertains to employee illness or disease, Severity shall be based upon the degree of discomfort, temporary disability and time loss from normal activity (including work) which an employee is likely to suffer as a result of occupational illness or disease which could result from the violation. Depending on the foregoing, Severity shall be rated as follows: LOW — No time loss from work or normal activity; or minimum discomfort.

MEDIUM — Loss of part or all of a day from work or normal activity including time for medical attention; or moderate temporary discomfort.

HIGH — Loss of more than one day from regular work or normal activity including time for medical attention; or considerable temporary discomfort. ii. When the safety order violated does not pertain to employee illness or disease, Severity shall be based upon the type and amount of medical treatment likely to be required or which would be appropriate for the type of injury that would most likely result from the violation. Depending on such treatment, Severity shall be rated as follows: LOW — Requiring first-aid only.

MEDIUM — Requiring medical attention but not more than 24-hour hospitalization.

HIGH — Requiring more than 24-hour hospitalization.

(B) Serious Violation. The Severity of a Serious violation is considered to be HIGH. (2) Extent. i. When the safety order violated pertains to employee illness or disease, Extent shall be based upon the number of employees exposed: LOW — 1 to 5 employees.

MEDIUM — 6 to 25 employees.

HIGH — 26 or more employees. ii. When the safety order violated does not pertain to employee illness or disease, Extent shall be based upon the degree to which a safety order is violated. It is related to the ratio of the number of violations of a certain order to the number of possibilities for a violation on the premises or site. It is an indication of how widespread the violation is. Depending on the foregoing, Extent is rated as: LOW — When an isolated violation of the standard occurs, or less than 15% of the units are in violation.

MEDIUM — When occasional violation of the standard occurs or 15-50% of the units are in violation.

HIGH — When numerous violations of the standard occur, or more than 50% of the units are in violation.

(3) Likelihood. Likelihood is the probability that injury, illness or disease will occur as a result of the violation. Thus, Likelihood is based on (i) the number of employees exposed to the hazard created by the violation, and (ii) the extent to which the violation has in the past resulted in injury, illness or disease to the employees of the firm and/or industry in general, as shown by experience, available statistics or records. Depending on the above two criteria, Likelihood is rated as: LOW, MODERATE OR HIGH (b) The Size of the Business of the Employer — is based upon the number of individuals employed at the time of the inspection/ investigation. Size of the Business is evaluated based upon the following classifications of the number of persons employed: 10 or fewer employees.

11 to 25 employees.

26 to 60 employees.

61 to 100 employees.

More than 100 employees. (c) The Good Faith of the Employer — is based upon the quality and extent of the safety program the employer has in effect and operating. It includes the employer's awareness of CAL/OSHA, and any indications of the employer's desire to comply with the Act, by specific displays of accomplishments. Depending on such safety programs and the efforts of the employer to comply with the Act, Good Faith is rated as: GOOD — Effective safety program.

FAIR — Average safety program.

POOR — No effective safety program.

§336. (b)

3

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§336.

Chapter 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (CAL/OSHA) The Base Penalty for the General violation determined under this subsection is then subjected to an adjustment for Extent (as provided in section 335(a)(2) of this article). If the Extent is: LOW — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be subtracted.

MEDIUM — No adjustment shall be made.

HIGH — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be added.

The Base Penalty for the General violation thus far determined is further subjected to an adjustment for Likelihood (as provided in section 335(a)(3) of this article). If Likelihood is: LOW — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be subtracted.

MEDIUM — No adjustment shall be made.

HIGH — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be added.

The resulting figure is called the Gravity-based penalty. (c) Serious Violation (1) In General — Any employer who violates any occupational safety and health standard, order, or special order, and such violation is determined to be a Serious violation (as provided in section 334(c)(1) of this article) shall be assessed a civil penalty of up to $25,000 for each such violation. Because of the extreme gravity of a Serious violation an initial base penalty of $18,000 shall be assessed.

The Base Penalty for the Serious violation determined under this subsection is then subjected to an adjustment for Extent (as provided in section 335(a)(2) of this article). If the Extent is: LOW — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be subtracted.

MEDIUM — No adjustment shall be made.

HIGH — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be added.

The Base Penalty for the Serious violation thus far determined is further subjected to an adjustment for Likelihood (as provided in section 335(a)(3) of this article). If Likelihood is: LOW — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be subtracted.

MEDIUM — No adjustment shall be made.

HIGH — 25% of the Base Penalty shall be added.

The resulting figure is called the Gravity-based penalty.

(2) For Carcinogens — Any employer who violates any occupational safety and health standard, order, or special order respecting the use of a carcinogen, and such violation is determined to be a Serious violation (as provided in section 334(c)(4) of this article) shall be assessed a total civil penalty of $2000 for each such violation. This penalty is not subject to adjustment.

(3) Serious Violation Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — If the employer commits a Serious violation and the Division has determined that the violation caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure as defined pursuant to Labor Code section 6302, the penalty shall not be reduced pursuant to this subsection, except the penalty may be reduced for Size as set forth in subsection (d)(1) of this section. The penalty shall not exceed $25,000.

(4) Operation of an Elevator in an Unsafe Condition or in Violation of an Order Prohibiting Use. Any person owning or having custody, management or operation of an elevator who operates or permits the operation of the elevator in a condition which is dangerous to life or the safety of any person, or who operates or permits the operation of the elevator in violation of any Order Prohibiting Use issued by the Division, may be assessed a civil penalty pursuant to the provisions of this article of up to $2000.

(5) For Tower Cranes — Any employer who violates any tower crane standard, order or special order and such violation is determined to be a serious violation (as provided in section 334(c)(1) of this article) shall be assessed a penalty of $2,000.

The penalty shall not be subject to adjustment as set forth in subsections (d) and (e) of this section. (d) Further Adjustment of Regulatory, General, and Serious Violations — Subject to the provisions of parts (5) through (9) of this subsection, the Gravity-based Penalty established under either subsection (a), (b) or (c) of this section, shall be appropriately adjusted by giving due consideration to the following factors: (1) The Size of the Business If the Size of the Business (as provided under section 335(b) of this article) is: 10 or fewer employees — 40% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

11-25 employees — 30% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

26-60 employees — 20% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

4

61-100 employees — 10% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

More than 100 employees — No adjustment shall be made.

(2) The Good Faith of the Employer — If the Good Faith of the Employer (as provided under section 335(c) of this article) is: GOOD — 30% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

FAIR — 15% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

POOR — No adjustment shall be made.

(3) The History of Previous Violations — If the employer's History of Compliance (as provided under section 335(d) of this article) is: GOOD — 10% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

FAIR — 5% of the Gravity-based Penalty shall be subtracted.

POOR — No adjustment shall be made.

Following the preceding adjustments of the Gravity-based Penalty, the resultant penalty is termed Adjusted Penalty.

(4) If an employer cited for a violation of a safety and health provision within title 8 of the California Code of Regulations was, at the time of citation, making a good faith effort to abate the alleged violation, pursuant to written recommendations of a Consultant of the CAL/OSHA Consultation Service, the following penalty adjustments may apply: (A) General Violation. All penalties assessed for such General violations may be waived by the Division.

(B) Serious Violation. All penalties for such Serious violations may be subject to an additional adjustment reducing the proposed penalty 50%.

(5) Serious Violations Respecting the Use of a Carcinogen — The penalty for any Serious violation respecting the use of a carcinogen as set forth in subsection (c)(2) of this section is not subject to adjustment pursuant to this subsection and shall not be otherwise reduced.

(6) Regulatory Violations of the Permit and Registration Requirements — The minimum penalty for any Regulatory violation of the permit or registration requirements as set forth in subsection (a)(4) of this section is $250.

(7) Serious Violations Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — Subject to the provisions of subsection (c)(3) of this section, the penalty for any Serious violation determined by the Division to have caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure as defined pursuant to Labor Code section 6302, shall not be adjusted pursuant to this subsection, except for Size set forth in part (1) of this subsection.

(8) Injury Prevention Program — The penalty for any Serious violation shall not be subject to adjustment pursuant to this subsection other than for Size as set forth in part (1) of this subsection where the employer does not have an operative injury prevention program as set forth in Labor Code section 6401.7 and applicable regulations of the California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board.

(9) False Declarations of Abatement — Subject to the provisions of subsection (e) of this section, where it is determined after reinspection that the employer has not complied with the abatement requirements of the Division and employer has previously submitted a statement affirming compliance therewith, the recomputed penalty shall not be adjusted pursuant to this subsection, except for Size as set forth in part (1) of this subsection.

(10) No civil penalty shall be assessed against any new employer for a period of one year after the date the new employer establishes a business in the state for a regulatory or general violation of the Injury and Illness Prevention Program Standard adopted pursuant to Labor Code section 6401.7 and applicable regulations of the California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board, if the employer has made a good faith effort to comply with the requirement set forth therein.

(11) No civil penalty shall be assessed against an employer who adopts, posts, and implements in good faith the Model Injury and Illness Prevention Program for Non-High-Hazard Employment prepared by the Division for a first violation of the Injury and Illness Prevention Program standard adopted pursuant to Labor Code section 6401.7 and applicable regulations of the California Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board.

(12) For an employer who commits a repeat violation (as provided under section 334(d) of this article), the penalty shall not be subject to adjustment pursuant to this subsection, other than for Size as set forth in part (1) of this subsection.

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 5 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Article 4.5. - Multi-Employer Worksites

provided in section 334(d) of this article), the total civil penalty shall be as follows: (A) For repeated Regulatory violations concerning a reporting requirement.

1st repeat — $5,000 2nd repeat — $10,000 3rd repeat — $20,000 (B) For repeated Serious violations respecting the use of a carcinogen.

1st repeat — $10,000 2nd repeat — $20,000 3rd repeat — $40,000 These penalties are not subject to adjustment.

(3) Repeated Violation Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — The computation of the Proposed Penalty for a repeated violation shall not be subject to reduction, other than the Size pursuant to part (1) of subsection (d) of this section, where the violation is determined by the Division to have caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure within the meaning of Labor Code section 6302. (h) Willful Violation — If a Regulatory, General, or Serious violation is determined to be willful (as provided under section 334(e) of this article) the Proposed Penalty is adjusted upward as follows: Regulatory, General and Serious — the Proposed Penalty is multiplied by five. However, the penalty for any willful violation shall not be less than $5,000 and shall not exceed $70,000.

(1) Willful Violation Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — The computation of the Proposed Penalty for a willful violation shall not be subject to reduction, other than the Size pursuant to part (1) of subsection (d) of this section, where the violation is determined by the Division to have caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure within the meaning of Labor Code section 6302. (i) Serious Repeated or Willful Repeated Violation of Crane Standard, Order, or Special Order Causing Death or Serious Injury — If the employer commits a serious repeated or willful repeated violation of a crane standard, order, or special order, and the Division has determined that the violation caused death or serious injury as defined pursuant to Labor Code 6302, the penalty shall be $140,000. This penalty is not subject to adjustment. (j) Rounding of the Fractions Amounts of the civil penalties are rounded down to the next whole dollar during the calculation stages, and final figures are adjusted downward to the next lower five dollar ($5) value. (k) Multiple Violations Pertaining To A Single Hazard. When a single hazard is the subject matter of multiple violations resulting in civil penalties, the Division may, in its discretion, depart from the preceding criteria to mitigate the cumulative effect of such penalties.

(1) This subsection does not apply to any penalty assessed for a Serious, Willful or Repeated violation or a failure to abate a Serious violation where such violation or violations have been determined by the Division to have caused death or serious injury, illness or exposure pursuant to Labor Code section 6302.

This subsection does not apply to any Regulatory, General or Serious violation where the employer does not have an operative injury prevention program as set forth in subsection (d) of this section.

Ch 3.2 California Occupational Safety and Health Regulations

(e) Abatement Credit for General and Serious Violations — The Adjusted Penalty for General and Serious violations is reduced by 50% on the presumption that the employer will correct the violations by the abatement date. The resultant penalty is termed Proposed Penalty. The following types of violations are not subject to an abatement credit: (1) Violations designated as Repeat or Willful; (2) Serious violations for which extent and likelihood are rated high; (3) Serious violations respecting the use of a carcinogen; and (4) Serious violation causing death or serious injury, illness or exposure as defined pursuant to Labor Code section 6302. (f) Penalty for Failure to Abate Regulatory, General or Serious Violations — If the employer fails to abate the violation by the date permitted for its correction or fails to submit to the Division a signed statement of abatement of a violation within ten working days of the date set by the Division for correction of the violative condition, any abatement credit extended pursuant to subsection (e) of this Section shall be rescinded and this amount assessed as part of the failure to abate penalty. In addition, a penalty shall be assessed that is based upon the initial Gravity-based penalty for each calendar day that the previously cited violation continues unabated after expiration of the abatement period. Subject to the provisions of part (1) hereof, the Gravity-based penalty is reduced by the reevaluated adjustment factors. The adjustment factors of Size, Good Faith, and History shall be determined by evaluation of the circumstances at the time of the subsequent inspection when the failure to abate is discovered. The daily additional penalty for failure to abate a violation shall not exceed $15,000.

Limitations: (1) Except (A) where the gravity of the violation is high and exposure to employees is continuous, or (B) the employer has exhibited a high degree of negligence in failing to correct the violation, the daily penalty for failure to abate a Regulatory or General violation may be further reduced up to 90% for the first 120 days the violation continues to exist and up to 50% thereafter where the violation does not bear a direct relationship on employee health and safety. The daily penalty for a Serious violation may be reduced up to 50% where the adjustment factors calculated pursuant to subsection (c) of this section are Low and the History and Good Faith calculated pursuant to subsection (d) of this section are Good.

(2) When a violation consisted of a number of instances and upon subsequent inspection some instances are found to have been abated and others have not, the daily penalty shall be calculated in proportion to the extent that the violation has been abated.

(3) Failure to Abate a Serious Violation Causing Death or Serious Injury, Illness or Exposure — If the employer fails to abate a Serious violation and the Division has determined that the failure to abate caused death or serious injury, illness, or exposure as defined pursuant to Labor Code section 6302, the penalty shall not be adjusted pursuant to this subsection, except for Size as set forth in subsection (d)(1) of this section.

(4) Failure to Abate a Serious Violation of Crane Standard, Order, or Special Order Causing Death or Serious Injury — If the employer fails to abate a serious violation of a crane standard, order, or special order and the Division has determined that the failure to abate caused death or serious injury as defined pursuant to Labor Code 6302, the penalty shall be $14,000 for each calendar day. The penalty is not subject to adjustment.

(5) False Declaration of Abatement — If it is determined after reinspection that the employer has not complied with the abatement requirements of the Division, and the employer has previously submitted a statement affirming compliance therewith, the recomputed penalty shall not be adjusted pursuant to this subsection, except for Size pursuant to part (1) of subsection (d) of this section. (g) Repeat Violation — (1) In General — If a Regulatory, General, or Serious violation is repeated (as provided under section 334(d) of this article) the Proposed Penalty is adjusted upward as follows: 1st repeat — the Proposed Penalty is multiplied by two.

2nd repeat — the Proposed Penalty is multiplied by four.

3rd repeat — the Proposed Penalty is multiplied by ten.

The resultant penalty shall not exceed $70,000.

(2) For Carcinogens — If a Serious violation respecting the use of a carcinogen or a Regulatory violation concerning a reporting requirement respecting the use of a carcinogen is repeated (as

§336.10. (d)

Article 4.5.

Multi-Employer Worksites §336.10. Determination of Citable Employer.

On multi-employer worksites, both construction and non-construction, citations may be issued only to the following categories of employers when the Division has evidence that an employee was exposed to a hazard in violation of any requirement enforceable by the Division: (a) The employer whose employees were exposed to the hazard (the exposing employer); (b) The employer who actually created the hazard (the creating employer); (c) The employer who was responsible, by contract or through actual practice, for safety and health conditions on the worksite; i.e., the employer who had the authority for ensuring that the hazardous condition is corrected (the controlling employer); or (d) The employer who had the responsibility for actually correcting the hazard (the correcting employer).

Note: The employers listed in subsections (b) through (d) may be cited regardless of whether their own employees were exposed to the hazard.

5

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Asbestos

Index

A

-

-

-

-

Section #, Page #

142

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Access 128 Elevators for Hoisting Workers 1630 128 Ladders 1629 128 Stairways 1629 Accidents 170 Code of Safe Practices 1938 App A Plate A-3 19 Construction, Prevention Program 1509 Electrical Installations and Equipment 264 265 Overhead Lines 2946-2949 193 Preventative Maintenance 2340.1 193 Prevention Tags 2320.6 Fall Protection 140 (see also Falls and Fall Protection entry) 1669-1671.2 163 164 Acetylene 1740-1743 163 Cylinders, Storage and Use 1740 164 General Precautions 1743 164 Hose and Connections 1742 164 Pressure Regulators 1741 10 Adjudicative Hearings 10 Conduct of Hearing 11 Official Notice 11 Presiding Officer 10 Request for Hearing 10 Scope 11 Service of Process 11 Subpoenas Advance Planning 1938 App A Plate A-2-a 169 259 Aerial Lifts 2940.7(b) Aircraft Hangars, 211 Electrical Installations and Equipment 2540.6 211 Aircraft Batteries 2540.6(e) 211 Aircraft Electrical Systems 2540.6(d) Classification of Locations 2540.6(b) 211 211 Definition 2540.6(a) 211 External Power Sources 2540.6(f) Mobile Servicing Equipment 2540.6(g) 211 211 Mobile Stanchions 2540.6(c) Appliances, Household Clothes Dryers 206 Disconnection 2522.23(c) Combustible Materials 205 Protection 2522.10 205 Signals, Heated Appliances 2522.12 205 Stands, Portable Appliances 2522.11 Counter-Mounted Cooking Units 2522.17 205 205 206 Disconnection 2522.17-2522.26 206 Clothes Dryers 2522.23(c) Fixed Appliances 2522.21 206 206 Fixed Electric Space Heating Equipment 2524.19 206 Location of Disconnecting Means 2524.65

Appliances, Household (continued) Disconnection (continued) Motor-Driven Appliances 2522.26 206 206 Portable Appliances 2522.22 206 Ranges 2522.23(c) Stationary Appliances 2522.23 206 205 Energized Parts 2522.2 206 Fixed Electric Space Heating Equipment 2524.1-2524.65 Disconnecting 2524.19 206 206 Location of Disconnecting Means 2524.65 206 Switches 2524.21 204 Flexible Cords and Cables 2500.7-2500.25, 2522.8 204 Grounding-Conductor Identification 2500.23 204 Outer Sheath Maintenance 2500.25 204 Overcurrent Protection 2500.13 204 Splices 2500.9 204 Uses Not Permitted 2500.8 204 Uses Permitted 2500.7 Heaters, Portable 205 Portable Immersion Heaters 2522.9 206 Heating Elements, Marking of 2522.31 205 Installation 2522.7-2522.17 Irons 205 Signals 2522.12 205 Stands 2522.11 Motor-Driven Appliances 206 Disconnection 2522.26 Markings 2522.32 206 206 Nameplates 2522.30 205 Ovens, Wall-Mounted 2522.17 206 Ranges, Disconnection 2522.23(c) Voltage Rating 206 Marking on Heating Elements 2522.31 206 Marking on Nameplates 2522.30(a) 205 Wall-Mounted Cooking Ovens 2522.17 144 Application Equipment 1700 Asbestos 21 Application 1529(a) Chest Roentgenograms, 40 Interpretation and Classification 1529 App E Class I Asbestos, 40 Work Practices and Engineering Controls 1529 App F 32 Competent Person 1529(o) 24 Compliance Methods 1529(g) Consultants 1529(q) 33 22 Definitions 1529(b) Exposure 23 Assessment 1529(f)(2) Monitoring 1529(f) 23 Permissible Exposure Limits 1529(c) 22 29 Hazard Communication 1529(k) Housekeeping 1529(l) 31

291

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Asbestos Asbestos (continued) Hygiene Facilities and Practices 1529(j) 28 32 Inspections by Competent Person 1529(o) 39 Medical Questionnaires 1529 App D 31, 43 Medical Surveillance 1529(m), 1529 App I 23 Multi-Employer Worksites 1529(d) Polarized Light Microscopy 1529 App K 44 28 Protective Clothing 1529(i) 34 Quality Control Procedures 1529 App A Recordkeeping 1529(n) 31 23 Regulated Areas 1529(e) 33 Report of Use 1529(r) 27 Respiratory Protection 1529(h) Sampling and Analytical Procedure 1529 App A, App B 21 Scope 1529(a) 44 Smoking Cessation Program 1529 App J 42 Technical Information 1529 App H 33 Work Registration 1529(r) Assembly Places, Electrical Installations and Equipment 2551.1-2551.3 219 Emergency Systems 2551.2(c) Switch Location 2571.21 226 219 Exhibition Halls 2551.2(b) 219 Hazardous Locations 2551.2(a) 219 Scope 2551.1 219 Temporary Wiring 2551.2(b) 219 Wiring Methods 2551.3

C

34

219

B Bins 1548 102 Blasting 171 Code of Safe Practices 1938 App A Plate A-3-b 165 Helicopter Operations 1906 288 Bloodborne Pathogens, Sharps Injury Log Addendum 138 Boatswains’ Chairs 1662 140, 141 Body Belts and Harnesses 1670(b), (d) 20 Body Protection 1522 155 Bolting 1716(b) Bonding 200 Cable Armor 2395.75 200 Cable Sheath 2395.75 Cable Trays 2395.75 200 Connecting Receptacle Grounding Terminal to Box 2395.74 200 200 Enclosures 2395.75 Equipment Bonding Jumpers 2395.79 200 200 Fittings 2395.75 200 Frames 2395.75 Hazardous Locations 2395.78 200 200 Metal Raceways 2395.75 244 Metal-Clad Cable 2787.1(b) Mine and Tunnel Installations 2917 255 200 Service Equipment 2395.71 200 Use, When 2395.70 Bracket Scaffolds (see also Scaffolds entry) 1645 134 Bricklayers’ Scaffolds 132, 134 (see also Scaffolds entry) 1641, 1645 Square Scaffolds 1653 136 137 Suspended Scaffolds 1659 102 Bricks, Piles of 1549(a) Bridges Fall Protection 1541(l) 88 102 Guardrails 1543(c) Bulldozers (see also 103 105 Haulage and Earth Moving entry) 1590-1596 102 Bunkers 1548

-

292

INDEX

Cadmium 53 Compliance Methods 1532(f) 52 Definitions 1532(b) Emergency Situations 1532(h) 54 Exposure 52 Monitoring 1532(d) Permissible Exposure Limit 1532(c) 52 58 Hazard Communication 1532(m) 54 Housekeeping 1532(k) Hygiene 1532(j) 54 55 Medical Surveillance 1532(l) 59 Observation 1532(o) Protective Work Clothing and Equipment 1532(i) 54 59 Recordkeeping 1532(n) 53 Regulated Areas 1532(e) Respirator Protection 1532(g) 54 52 Scope 1532(a) 285 Cal/OSHA District Offices Directory Addendum California Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1973 Definitions 330 1 Capacitors (see also Capacitors under Electrical Installations and Equipment entry) 2534.2-2534.8 Cellulose Nitrate Film Storage Vaults 221 Lamps 2553.51 221 Prohibited Electrical Equipment 2553.52 102 Cement, Piling Bags 1549(b) Circuits, Electrical (see also 249 Electrical Installations and Equipment entry) 2839 1 Citations Notice 332.1.

2 2 Special Order 332.2.

Civil and Criminal Enforcement Policy of the Division of Occupational Safety and Health 12 Civil Inspections and Investigations 12 Criminal Investigations Clothing 106 Highway Construction Site Employees 1598-1599 Protective Clothing 20 (see also Personal Protective Equipment entry) 1514 86 Coated Metals, Welding, Cutting, and Heating 1537 19 Code of Safe Practices 1509(c) Cofferdams 1543 102 Commercial Garages, Repair and Storage 2540.5 210 Compressed Air 24 Asbestos, Removal of 1529(g)(3)(B) Cadmium, Removal of 1532(k)(6) 55 63 Lead, Removal of 1532.1(h)(5) Methylenedianiline, Removal of 1535(h)(3) 81 144 Compressors, Portable 1696 Computers 224 Disconnecting Means 2565.3 Interconnecting Cables 2565.2 224 224 Supply Circuits 2565.2 Concrete 158 Buckets 1720(c) 157 Buggies 1720(a) 183 Ramp 1938 App C Plate C-15 Construction 154 Other Than Tilt-Up Panels 1714 155 Tilt-Up Panels 1715 Mixers 1698(a), (b) 144 144 Troweling Machines 1698(d) 132 Workers’ Scaffolds 1641 Concrete and Masonry Equipment 1698 144

208

12

Section #, Page #

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Electrical Installations and Equipment

-

D Definitions Asbestos 1529(b) 22 52 Cadmium 1532(b) 13 Construction Safety Orders 1504 Electrical Installations and Equipment 231 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2700 187 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2300(b) Excavations 1540(b) 86 Lead 1532.1(b) 60 80 Methylenedianiline 1535(b) Occupational Injuries or Illnesses Recording 14300.46 280 269 Reporting 14000 215 Oil and Gas Wells 2548.21(c) Sloping and Benching 1541.1 App B 91 90 Soil Classification 1541.1 App A 146 Structural Steel Erection 1710(b) Wastewater Wells 2540.10(a) 214 De-Icing and Snow Melting Equipment 206 Disconnecting Means 2526.50 Scope 2526.1 206 Demolition 162 Buildings 1735 Displaced Material 1735(e) 162 163 Dust Control 1735(t) 162 Falling Material, Protection From 1735(j) Glass Fragmentation, Hazard 1735(l) 162 162 Steel Construction 1735(n) 162 Supervision 1734 Utility Companies, Notifying 1735(a) 162 162 Walkways 1735(h) 163 Waste Material, Disposal 1736

Section #, Page #

Derricks Electrical Installations and Equipment, High-Voltage Safety Orders 2940.7(c) Warning Signs, Danger of High Voltage 2947 265

259

E Ear Protection 1521 20 Earth Moving (see also 103 105 Haulage and Earth Moving entry) 1590-1596 Egress 128 Elevators for Hoisting Workers 1630 Ladders 1629 128 128 Stairways 1629 20 Electric Shock, Protection From 1518 Electrical Installations and Equipment Accident Prevention Tags 2320.6 193 Alternating-Current Circuits and Systems, Grounding 2395.5 199 Common Grounding Electrode 2395.54 199 Conductor 2395.25 Appliances (see also 205 206 Appliances, Household entry) 2522.2-2522.32 Application 236 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2706 191 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2305.2 Approvals 236 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2707 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2305.4 192 195, 198 Arcing Parts 2340.18, 2390.41 Assembly Places 2551.1-2551.3 219 219 Emergency Systems 2551.2(c) 219 Exhibition Halls 2551.2(b) Hazardous Areas 2551.2(a) 219 219 Scope 2551.1 219 Temporary Wiring 2551.2(b) Wiring Methods 2551.3 219 Attachment Plugs and Cord Connectors 205 Adapters 2510.58(d) Dead-Front Construction 2510.56(a) 205 205 Grounding 2510.58 205 Noninterchange Ability 2510.56(b) 226 Swimming Pools 2569.7 Automatic Circuit Reclosers 2843 250 193 Backfeeding 2320.9 Voltages, Protection From 2940.9 260 Bonding (see also Bonding entry) 2395.75 200 Branch Circuits 239 Ampacity 2734 Overcurrent Protection 2735 239 239 Switching Requirements 2736 212 Bulk-Storage Plants 2540.8 Cables 263 De-Energized, Working On 2943(f) Vertical Suspension 245 Conductor(s) 2801 245 Messenger 2802 245 Wire 2802 Wire Mesh Holding Devices 2803 245 Capacitors 254 Discharge Means 2893 Disconnecting Means 2534.8 208 208 Drainage of Stored Charge 2534.6 Enclosing 254 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2888 208 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2534.2 254 Grounding 2889 Guarding 254 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2888(b) 208 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2534.2(b)

-

-

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Conductors, Electrical Installations and Equipment (see also Conductors 195 under Electrical Installations and Equipment entry) 2350.2 Conduits Electrical Installations and Equipment (see also Conduits 242 under Electrical Installations and Equipment entry) 2760 Temporary Covers 1597(k) 105 Construction Safety Orders 13 Application 1502 Approvals 1505 18 13 Definitions 1504 169 Contractors, Suggested Safety Program 1938 App A Plate A-2 Cranes Construction Safety Orders 181 Hand Signals 1938 App C Plate C-11, C-11-a, C-11-b Sideboom Cranes 1694 144 223 Electrical Safety Orders 2561.1-2561.55 223 Clearance 2561.3 Combustible Materials 2561.2 223 Conductors 223 Enclosure 2561.11 223 Runway Conductor Disconnecting Means 2561.31 223 Wiring Method 2561.11 223 Disconnecting Means 2561.32 204 Flexible Cords and Cables 2500.7(a)(5) 259 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2940.7(c) 223 Lifting Magnets 2561.7 Limit Switches 2561.55 223 223 Remote Control Circuits 2561.8 Scope 2561.1 223 223 Separate Controls 2561.51 265 Warning Signs 2947 Crawlers (see also 103 105 Haulage and Earth Moving entry) 1590-1596

293

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Electrical Installations and Equipment Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Guarding (continued) 254 Identification 2892 254 Overcurrent Protection 2891 254 Scope 2887 255 Special Handling Precautions 2894 Switching 2890 254 Carnivals, Circuses, Fairs, 227 and Similar Events 2584.1-2584.8 Circuit Breakers Fixed Electric Space Heaters 2524.21 206 High-Voltage Safety Orders 249 Grounding 2838 249 Identification 2840 251 Interlocks 2871 250 Isolation 2841 249 Manual Operation 2839(d) 249 Manual Tripping 2839(a) Position Indicator 2839(e) 249 249 Preventing Unintended Operation 2839(c) 249 Ratings 2837 Portable Switchboards on Stage 2552.53(c) 220 195 Protective Devices 2340.27 224 Resistance Welders 2563.33 250 Circuit Reclosers, Automatic 2843 210 Commercial Garages 2540.5 229 Communications Systems 2587.1-2587.5 Conductors 199 Alternating-Current Systems 2395.25 224 Branch-Circuit 2565.2(a) 202 Construction Sites 2405.4 223 Cranes 2561.11 195 Disconnected Circuits 2340.24 227 Electroplating and Electrostripping 2580.6 192 Energized Overhead Conductors 2320.1(b) Grounding Alternating-Current Circuits and Systems 2395.25 201 Branch-Circuit Equipment 2395.114 201 Connection Devices 2395.113 207 Disconnecting Means 2530.105 High-Voltage Safety Orders 247 Ampacities 2821 241 Bending Radius 2748 Different Systems 2746 241 247 Insulation 2816 Metal-Clad Cables 2781(b) 244 244 Grounding Conductor 2782 255 Mines 2916 Multiple 2817 247 247 Neutral 2818 Outdoor Wiring 248 Insulated Conductors 2830 247 Overhead Conductors 2823(c) 242 Pull Boxes 2752 Raceways, Inserting 2747 241 Rotating Machinery and Control Apparatus 2881 247 Shielding, Grounding 2820 Signs and Outside Lighting Exceeding 600 Volts, Installation 2970 265 Stations or Switchyards, 263 Work on or Near Conductors 2944 247 Terminations 2819 255 Tunnels 2916 Underground High-Voltage Conductors, Work on or Near 2943 262 Motion Picture Projectors, Professional Type 222 Lamps and Hot Equipment 2554.14 Size 2554.13 222 197 Overcurrent Protection 2390.1 203 Panelboards 2484.3

294

INDEX

199

253

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Conductors (continued) 220 Portable Switchboards on Stage 2552.53(c) 221 Portable Theater Stage Equipment 2552.68 238 Service and Service Entrance Equipment 2723 238 Entrance Raceways 2724 Sound Recording and Reproduction Equipment 2564.6 224 203 Switchboards 2484.3 223 Track and Runway 2561.31 Conduits Bends 2760(e) 243 242 Circuit in 2760(b) 243 Continuity of System 2760(f) 243 Fill 2760(h) 242 Fittings 2760(d) 243 Grounding 2760(i) 242 Reaming 2760(c) 243 Rigid Metal Conduit 2761 Rigid Nonmetallic Conduit 2762 243 242 Sizes 2760(a) 243 Support 2760(g) Types 2760(a) 242 202 Construction Sites, Ground-Fault Circuit Protection 2405.4 Continuous Rigid Cable Supports 244 Construction 2779 244 Definition 2775 244 Grounding 2778 244 Installation 2777 244 Use 2776 195 Control Devices, Location 2340.27 Cord Connectors and Attachment Plugs 205 Adapters 2510.58(d) 205 Dead-Front Construction 2510.56(a) Grounding 2395.45 205 Lamps 2510.58 200 Methods 2395.59 205 Noninterchange Ability 2510.56(b) 205 Skirted Plugs 2510.7(b) 226 Swimming Pools 2569.7 Cranes (see also Electrical 223 Safety Orders under Cranes entry) 2561.1-2561.55 Data Processing Systems 224 Disconnecting Means 2565.3 Supply Circuits 2565.2 224 De-energized Equipment 193 Conditions to Working 2320.4 193 Re-energizing 2320.5 193 Testing 2320.3 Definitions High-Voltage Safety Orders 2700 231 187 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2300(b) Oil and Gas Wells 2548.21(c) 215 214 Wastewater Wells 2540.10(a) De-Icing and Snow Melting Equipment 206 Disconnecting Means 2526.50 206 Scope 2526.1 Disconnecting Means 224 Arc Welders 2563.23 208 Capacitors 2534.8 223 Cranes 2561.32 Data Processing Systems 2565.3 224 206 De-Icing and Snow Melting Equipment 2526.50 Fixed Electric Heating 207 Equipment for Pipelines and Vessels 2527.55 Fixed Electric Space Heating Equipment 2524.19 206 223 Hoists 2561.32 225 Irrigation Machines 2568.8 Mine and Tunnel Installations 2921 256 207 Motor Controllers 2530.74 206 Motor-Driven Appliances 2522.26

Section #, Page #

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Electrical Installations and Equipment

-

Section #, Page #

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Energized Equipment or Systems 193 Barriers and Barricades 2320.7(a) 193 Conductive Fish Tapes 2320.7(c) 193 Conductive Measuring Tapes and Ropes 2320.7(b) 193 Energizing and Re-energizing 2320.5 Testing 2320.3 193 192 Work Prerequisites 2320.2(a) Equipment 199 200 Grounding 2395.42-2395.61 202 Exposed Wiring 2420.3 Fall Protection 258 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2940.6(b) 193 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2320.8 Feeders 239 Ampacity 2734 239 Isolation Requirements 2737 239 Overcurrent Protection 2735 Switching Requirements 2736 239 Film Storage Vaults 221 Lamps 2553.51 Prohibited Electrical Equipment 2553.52 221 228 Fire Alarm Systems 2586.1-2586.4 Fixed Electric Heating Equipment for Pipelines and Vessels 206 Definitions 2527.2 207 Disconnecting Means 2527.55 207 Identification 2527.13 207 Installation 2527.11 207 Overcurrent Protection 2527.22 206 Scope 2527.1 207 Type 2527.10 204 Flexible Cords and Cables 2500.7-2500.25 204 Grounding-Conductor Identification 2500.23 222 Motion Picture Projectors, Professional Type 2554.15 204 Outer Sheath Maintenance 2500.25 204 Overcurrent Protection 2500.13 204 Pull at Joints and Terminals 2500.10 204 Show Windows and Show Cases 2500.11 204 Splices 2500.9 Uses 204 Not Permitted 2500.8 204 Permitted 2500.7 250 Fuse Links 2847 Fused Interrupter Switches 2834 249 Fuses 203 Panelboards 2484.19 250 Power Fuses 2845 195 Protective Devices 2340.27 Garages Commercial 2540.5 210 Gas Stations 212 Circuit Disconnects 2540.7(c) 211 Definition 2540.7(a) 211 Hazardous Locations 2540.7(b) Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters Construction Sites 2405.4 202 226 Storable Swimming Pools 2569.31 Grounding Alternating-Current Circuits and Systems 2395.5 199 Common Grounding Electrode 2395.54 Conductor 2395.25 199 254 Capacitors 2889 249 Circuit Breakers 2838 Conduits 2760(i) 243 Connections 239 Circuits 2739 239 Systems 2739 Construction Sites 2405.4 202 244 Continuous Rigid Cable Supports 2778

-

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Disconnecting Means (continued) 207 208 Motors 2530.102-2530.113 207 Both Motor and Controller 2530.103 208 Energy From More Than One Source 2530.113 207 Grounded Conductors 2530.105 In Sight From Controller Location 2530.102 207 207 Indicating On/Off (Closed/Open) 2530.104 207 Readily Accessible 2530.107 Service Switch 2530.106 207 208 Single Disconnecting Means 2530.112 222 Outline Lighting 2560.2 250 Power Fuses 2845(g) 224 Resistance Welders 2563.33 222 Signs 2560.2 223 Track and Runway Conductor 2561.31 249 Disconnecting Switches 2835 195 Discontinued Circuits 2340.24 Distribution Cutouts 2847 250 Electrical Railway Utility, 264 Access and Workspace Requirements 2945 Electrical Utility, Access and Workspace Requirements 2945 264 Electrodes Alternating-Current Circuits and Systems, Common Grounding 199 Electrode 2395.54 200 Concrete, Encased By 2395.82(b) 200 Made Electrodes 2395.83 201 Lightning Rods, Use of 2395.86 201 Plate Electrodes 2395.83(b) 201 Resistance 2395.84 200 Rod and Pipe Electrodes 2395.83(a) 200 Metal Frame of Building 2395.82(a) 200 Underground Gas Piping System 2395.82(c) 200 Water Pipe Electrodes 2395.81 227 Electrolytic Cells 2583.1-2583.8 227 Application 2583.2 227 Auxiliary Nonelectrical Connections 2583.7 227 Cranes and Hoists 2583.8 227 Disconnecting Means 2583.3 227 Fixed and Portable Electric Equipment 2583.6 227 Portable Electric Equipment 2583.4 Power Supply Circuits and 227 Receptacles for Portable Electric Equipment 2583.5 Scope 2583.1 227 Electroplating and Electrostripping 227 Scope 2580.1 227 Wiring Methods 2580.6 Emergency Systems 2571.1-2571.30 226 Lighting 2571.16 226 Signs 2571.30 226 Wiring Methods 2571.9 Emergency Systems 2571.1-2571.25 226 219 Assembly Places 2551.2(c) 226 Branch Circuit Overcurrent Devices, Accessibility 2571.25 Maintenance 2571.4 226 226 Scope 2571.1 226 Switch Location 2571.21 Tests 2571.4 226 Enclosures 246 Fenced 2812 Locked 2810 246 246 Metal 2809 255 Mobile and Portable Equipment 2908 Oil-Filled Cutouts 2855 250 Outdoor Wiring, Terminal Enclosures 2829 248 238 Service and Service Entrance Equipment 2726 203 Switches 2480.3 Walled 2812 246 246 Warning Signs 2811

295

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Electrical Installations and Equipment Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Grounding (continued) Cord and Plug Equipment 2395.45 200 Methods 2395.59 199 Effective 2395.51 Electrodes 199 Alternating-Current Circuits and Systems 2395.54 239 Circuits 2739 200 Concrete, Encased By 2395.82(b) Made Electrodes 2395.83 200 201 Lightning Rods, Use of 2395.86 201 Plate Electrodes 2395.83(b) 201 Resistance 2395.84 200 Rod and Pipe Electrodes 2395.83(a) 200 Metal Frame of Building 2395.82(a) 239 Systems 2739 200 Underground Gas Piping System 2395.82(c) 200 Water Pipe Electrodes 2395.81 Equipment Fastened in Place or Connected by Permanent 199 Wiring Methods 2395.42-2395.43, 2395.57 Impedance Grounded Neutral Systems 2741 240 251 Industrial Control Assemblies 2864, 2865 199 200 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2395.42-2395.61 251 Metal-Enclosed Power Switchgear 2864, 2865 254 Generators 2884(a) 225 Irrigation Machines 2568.12 255 Lightning Arresters 2903 201 Lightning Rods, Use of 2395.86 247 Metal Shielding Tape 2820 244 Metal-Clad Cable 2782 243 Metal-Enclosed Bus 2764 256 Mines 2923 255 Mobile and Portable Equipment 2912 253 Motor Frames 2883(b) 199 Nonelectrical Equipment 2395.44 201 Plate Electrodes 2395.83(b) 245 Portable Cable 2792 241 Portable High-Voltage Equipment 2743 255 Reactors 2897 255 Resistors 2897 200 Rod and Pipe Electrodes 2395.83(a) 198 Scope 2395.1 Solidly Grounded Neutral Systems 2740 240 222 Substations 2553.66 Transformers 2878 252 256 Tunnels 2923 200 Water Pipe Electrodes 2395.81 Wiring and Equipment Installations 2750 242 Guarding Capacitors 254 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2888(b) 208 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2534.2(b) 256 Equipment 2930 High-Voltage Energized Parts 2860 251 221 Live Parts 2553.15 251 Low-Voltage Energized Parts 2861 Stage Switchboard 2552.22 220 221 Substations 2553.64 205 Handlamps 2510.6 Hazardous Locations 2540.1-2540.10 208 214 211 Aircraft Hangars 2540.6 210 Approval 2540.2(a), 2540.3(b) Assembly Places 2551.2(a) 219 Bonding 2395.78 200 212 Bulk-Storage Plants 2540.8(b) 208 Class I Locations 2540.1(a) Class II Locations 2540.1(b) 209 209 Class III Locations 2540.1(c) 210 Commercial Garages 2540.5(b)

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296

INDEX

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Hazardous Locations (continued) 209 Division and Zone Classification 2540.1(d) 210 Electrical Installations 2540.3 210 Garages, Commercial 2540.5(b) 211 Gas Stations 2540.7(b) High-Voltage Safety Orders 2925 256 210 Intrinsically Safe Equipment 2540.2(b), 2540.3(a) 212 Paint and Lacquer Finishing Processes 2540.9(b) Protection Techniques 2540.4 210 208 Scope 2540.1 211 Service Stations 2540.7(b) 214 Wastewater Wells 2540.10(b) High-Voltage Safety Orders 237 Access 2711 237 Ampacities 2716 236 Application 2706 236 Approvals 2707 Atmospheric Protection 2712 237 231 Definitions 2700 237 Energized Parts 2717 Environmental Protection 2712 237 258 Fall Protection 2940.6(b) 258 Hand Tools 2940.6(g) 258 Illumination 2940.4 237 Installation 2714 237 Maintenance 2714 Operating Procedures (see also Work Procedures 257 and Operating Procedures under this heading) 2940 Overhead Lines 264 Accident Prevention 2946 265 Exceptions for Qualified Electrical Workers 2949 265 Notification of Work 2948 265 Warning Signs 2947 260 Work On or Near 2941 237 Physical Damage, Protection 2713 Protection 237 Atmospheric 2712 237 Environmental 2712 237 Physical Damage 2713 257 Qualified Electrical Workers 2940(c) 237 Readily and Safely Accessible 2711 235 Scope 2705 Special Requirements 2703 235 235 Subtitles 2704 Titles 2704 235 265 Tree Trimming, Line Clearance 2951 236 Variances 2709 Work Procedures and Operating Procedures Access 2945 264 Aerial Lifts 2940.7(b) 259 Apparel 2940.6(j) 259 Backfeed Voltages, Protection From 2940.9 260 Clearances 2940.2 257 258 Conductive Measuring Devices 2940.6(f) Conductive Objects 2940.6(h) 258 259 Cranes 2940.7(c) Derricks 2940.7(c) 259 258 Emergency Rescue Lines 2940.6(i) Employer’s Responsibility 2940(b) 257 258 Fall Protection 2940.6(b) High-Voltage Stations or Switchyards 2944 263 260 Hoisting Cables 2940.7(e) Hoisting Devices 2940.7(d) 259 258 Illumination 2940.4 258 Inclement Weather 2940.3 Insulating Equipment 2940.6(a) 258 Ladders 2940.6(d) 258 Lifting Equipment 2940.7(c) 259 Linemen’s Body Belts, 258 Safety Straps, and Lanyards 2940.6(c)

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Electrical Installations and Equipment

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Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Lamps 205 Infrared Heating Lamps 2522.15 205 Live Parts Exposure 2510.4 205 Location 2510.3 Light Fixtures 205 Damp Locations 2510.5 204 Flexible Cords and Cables 2500.7(a) 205 Live Parts Exposure 2510.4 Maximum Voltage 2510.1 205 226 Swimming Pools 2569.6(b), 2569.7(a)(1) 226 Underwater Fixtures 2569.20(b) 205 Wet Locations 2510.5 Wiring 204 Overcurrent Protection 2505.12 204 Uses Not Permitted 2505.11 204 Uses Permitted 2505.10 258 Linemen’s Body Belts, Safety Straps, and Lanyards 2940.6(c) Live-Line Tools 2940.6(e), 2945 App B 258, 264 246 Locked Rooms, Vaults, or Enclosures 2810 Low-Voltage Safety Orders Alternating-Current 198 Circuits and Systems to Be Grounded 2395.5 191 Application 2305.2 192 Approvals 2305.4 Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, Fittings, 204 Boxes, and Panelboard Enclosures 2485.1 198 Circuit Breakers 2390.81 198 Applications 2390.81(d) 193 Circuit Impedance and Other Characteristics 2340.10 197 Clearances from Buildings 2375.19 193 Conductors 2340.5 203 Conductors Entering Boxes, Cabinets, or Fittings 2473.1 197 Conductors on Poles 2375.7 199 Cord- and plug-connected appliances 2395.45(3)(E) 197 Cord Connections 2360.5 204 Damp or Wet Locations 2485.1-2485.2 187 Definitions 2300(b) 187 Acceptable 187 Accepted 187 Approved 187 Automatic 187 Bare Conductor Barrier 187 187 Bathroom Cable Tray System 187 187 Cablebus 187 Cell Line Cell Line Attachments and Auxiliary Equipment 187 187 Center Pivot Irrigation Machine 187 Certified Conduit Body 188 188 Dead Front 189 Decorative Fountains and Reflection Pools Deenergized 188 188 Dielectric Heating 188 Electrolytic Cell Line Working Zone Energized 188 188 Equipment Grounding Conductor 188 Exposed Feeder 188 188 Fountain 188 Grounded, Effectively Grounding Electrode Conductor 189 Healthcare Facilities 189 189 Heating Equipment 189 Induction Heating Insulated Conductor 189 189 Irrigation Machine 189 Isolated (As applied to location)

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) High-Voltage Safety Orders (continued) Work Procedures and Operating Procedures (continued) 258, 264 Live-Line Tools 2940.6(e), 2945 App B 260 Material Handling 2940.8 259 Mechanical Equipment 2940.7 Metal Tower Construction 2941.1 261 257 Observers 2940(d) 260 Overhead High Voltage Lines 2941 Protective Equipment 2940.6, 2945 App C 258, 264 257 Qualified Electrical Workers 2940(c) 257 Safe Access 2940(a) 258 Tools 2940.6 262 Tubular Steel Poles 2942 Underground High-Voltage Cables, 262 Conductors, or Equipment 2943 257 Voltage Determination 2940.1 Washing Insulators Supporting 262 Energized Conductors or Equipment 2941.2 258 Water, Work Over or Near 2940.5 264 Workspace Requirements 2945 Hoists (see also Electrical Safety Orders under Hoists and Hoisting entry) 2561.1-2561.55 223 224 Identification and Signs 2562.3 240 Impedance Grounded Neutral Systems 2741 258 Inclement Weather, Discontinuing Work 2940.3 225 Induction and Dielectric Heating Equipment 225 Guarding and Grounding 2567.2 225 Remote Control 2567.3 Industrial Control Assemblies 251 Cover Plates 2866 Devices 251 Arrangement 2859 251 Grounding 2865 251 Location 2869 251 Door Stops 2866 Energized Parts 251 Accessibility 2863 Guarding Cable Conductors 251 Entering Enclosure, Clearance 2862 251 High-Voltage 2860 251 Low-Voltage 2861 Gas Discharge From Interrupting Devices 2867 251 251 Grounding 2864 Devices 2865 251 251 Inspection Windows 2868 Interlocks 251 Circuit Breakers 2871 251 Interrupter Switches 2870 250 Scope 2857 Information Technology Equipment 2565.2-2565.3 224 205 Infrared Lamp Industrial Heating Appliances 2522.15 205 Lampholders 2522.15(c) Live Parts of Motors or Controllers 2530.121 208 229 Integrated Electrical Systems 2589.1-2589.2 193 Interconnection 2320.9 Interrupting Rating 2340.9 193 249 Isolating Switches 2835 Junction Boxes, 242 Construction and Installation Requirements 2753 Knife Switches 203 Connection 2480.7 Panelboards 2484.24 204 Position 2480.6 203 204 Switchboards 2484.24 Lampholders 205 Infrared Heating Lamps 2522.15 205 Live Parts Exposure 2510.4 205 Maximum Voltage 2510.1

297

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 298 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Electrical Installations and Equipment Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Low-Voltage Safety Orders (continued) Definitions (continued) 189 Isolated Power System 189 Live Parts 189 Metal-Clad Cable (Type MC) Mineral-Insulated Metal-Sheathed Cable (Type MI) 189 189 Mobile X-Ray 189 Motor Control Center Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable (Types NM, NMC, and NMS) 189 189 Open Wiring on Insulators 189 Overcurrent 189 Overload 189 Portable X-Ray 189 Power and Control Tray Cable (Type TC) 190 Power-Limited Tray Cable (Type PLTC) 190 Premises Wiring (Premises Wiring System) Scope 2300(a) 187 190 Service Cable 190 Service Point Service-Entrance Cable 190 190 Shielded Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable (Type SNM) 190 Show Window 190 Storable Swimming or Wading Pool 189 Swimming, Wading, and Therapeutic Pools 190 Ventilated 191 Wireways 193 Deteriorating Agents 2340.11 198 Direct-Current Systems 197 Disconnecting Means 2380.1 197 Disconnecting Means for Fuses 2390.20 Electric Equipment 199 Considered Effectively Grounded 2395.58 Electrical Connections 2340.14 194 General 2340.14(a) 195 Identification of Equipment 2340.22 195 Durability of Markings 2340.22(d) 195 Marking 2340.22(f) 194 Splices 2340.14(c) 194 Terminals 2340.14(b) 199 Equipment Connected by Cord and Plug 2395.45 Equipment Fastened in Place or Connected by Permanent 199 Wiring Methods (Fixed)— Grounding 2395.57 202 Equipment Grounding Conductors 2418.4 Examination, Installation, and Use of Equipment 2340.2 193 193 Installation and Use 191 Exceptions 2305.2(a) Flexible Cords and Cables 204 Appliances 206 Disconnecting Means General Requirements for Temporary Wiring 2405.2 201 Cable Trays 202 Cable Trays Conductor Supports 2420.4 203 203 Flexible Nonmetallic Tubing 2420.5 202 Industrial Establishments 2418.3 Penetrations of Walls, Floors, Wood Cross Members, etc. 2420.6 203 203 Protection from Physical Damage 2420.7 Wiring Methods 202 201 Disconnecting means 2405.2(e) 201 Lamps 2405.2(f) Receptacles 2405.2(c) 201 Grounded Conductors 2390.10 197 Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter 196 Protection for Personnel — General Industry 2360.3 Grounding Connections 2395.23 198 195 Guarding of Energized Parts 2340.17 202 Hazardous (Classified) Locations 2418.5

298

INDEX

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Low-Voltage Safety Orders (continued) 195 Identification of Multiwire Branch Circuits 2360.1 193 Insulation Integrity 193 Insulation Integrity 2340.8 198 Location 2390.24 Location of Outdoor Lamps 2375.25 197 194 Mechanical Execution of Work 195 Multiwire Branch Circuits 2360.1 Other Available Electrodes 2395.82 200 196 Outlet Devices 2360.4 196 Receptacle Outlets 2360.4(b) 203 Panelboard Enclosures 2484.6 198 Portable and Vehicle-Mounted Generators 2395.6 191 Purpose 2305.1 196 Receptacles and Cord Connectors 2360.2 Receptacles, Cord 205 Connectors and Attachment Plugs (Caps) 2510.56 Single-throw Knife Switches 203 203 Snap Switches 208 Storage Batteries 2535.1 Supports, Enclosures, and Equipment to be Grounded 2395.32 199 203 Switchboards with Exposed Live Parts 2484.5 204 Switches, Circuit Breakers, and Switchboards 2485.2 201 Temporary Wiring 2405.1 202 Uses Not Permitted 192 Variances 2305.3 202 Wiring Methods 2418.2 201 Wiring Methods, Components, and Equipment, General Wiring Methods, 201 Components, and Equipment, General 2400.1 192, 192 193 Work Procedures 2320.1-2320.9 193 Accident Prevention Tags 2320.6 193 Backfeeding 2320.9 193 De-Energized Equipment or Systems 2320.4 192 Energized Equipment or Systems 2320.2 193 Fall Protection 2320.8 193 Interconnection 2320.9 193 Re-Energizing Equipment or Systems 2320.5 193 Authorized Person 2320.5(a) 193 Safety Precautions 2320.7 193 Tests 2320.3 Workers, Qualified Persons 2320.1 192 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2405.2 203 Covers and Canopies 193 Maintenance 2340.1 195 Marking 2340.21 Mechanical Protection 2340.26 195 246 Metal Enclosures 2809 261 Metal Tower Construction 2941.1 Metal-Clad Cable Bends 2784 244 244 Elevation 2786 Fittings 2785 244 244 Grounding Conductor 2782 244 Splices 2787.1 Strength 2787 244 244 Supports 2783 244 Terminations 2787.1 Use 2781 244 Metal-Enclosed Bus 243 Adjacent Structures 2765 Barriers 2767 243 Connections 2769 243 243 Drain Facilities 2772 243 Grounding 2764 Identification 2771 243 244 Low-Voltage Wiring 2773 243 Neutral Bus 2766

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Electrical Installations and Equipment

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Section #, Page #

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Oil-Filled Cutouts (continued) 250 Enclosure 2855 Fault Closing Rating 2852 250 Identification 2854 250 Interrupting Rating 2850 250 250 Location 2853 Voltage Rating 2851 250 Open Wiring Bare Clearances 2758 242 Insulators 2757 242 242 Scope 2755 Spacing Between Bare Energized Parts and Adjacent Surfaces 2756 242 202 Exposed 2420.3 Outdoor Wiring High-Voltage Safety Orders Circuit Feedback 2831 248 Clearances 2824 247 Conductors 2823(c) 247 248 Insulated Conductors 2830 Outdoor Lighting 2825 247 247 Overhead Lines 2824 Raceways Above Ground 2826 247 Below Ground 2827 248 248 Risers 2828 Scope 2823(a) 247 Terminal Enclosures 2829 248 247 Wiring Methods 2823(b) Low-Voltage Safety Orders Clearance From Ground 2375.18 197 Outline Lighting Exceeding 600 Volts Conductor Installation 2970 265 Electric-Discharge Tubing 2972 266 Terminals and Electrode Receptacles 2973 266 Switches on Doors 2974 266 265 Transformers 2971 Low-Voltage Safety Orders Clearances 2560.10 223 222 Disconnecting Means 2560.2 Location 2560.3 222 242 Overcurrent Devices, Grounded Conductors 2751 Overcurrent Protection 198 Arcing Parts 2390.41 Branch Circuits 2735 239 254 Capacitors 2891 Feeders 2735 239 Fixed Electric Heating Equipment for Pipelines and Vessels 2527.22 207 204 Fixture Wires 2505.12 Flexible Cords and Cables 2500.13 204 Mines 2915 255 Mobile and Portable Equipment 2907 255 Motion Picture Studios 2553.18 221 239 Service and Service Entrance Equipment 2728 Isolation Requirements 2731 239 198 Suddenly Moving Parts 2390.41(b) Theater Stage Equipment Portable Plugging Boxes 2552.62(b) 220 Portable Switchboards on Stage 2552.52 220 252 Transformers 2877 Tunnels 2915 255 Welders 2563.22 224 Panelboards 203 Busbars, Support and Arrangement 2484.3 Conductors, Support and Arrangement 2484.3 203 203 Fuses, Installation 2484.19 204 Knife Switches 2484.24

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Metal-Enclosed Bus (continued) 243 Perforated Enclosures 2768 243 Seals 2767 243 Supporting Structures 2765 243 Switches 2770 Terminations 2769 243 Metal-Enclosed Power Switchgear 250 Assembly Construction 2858 Cover Plates 2866 251 Devices 251 Arrangement 2859 251 Grounding 2865 251 Location 2869 251 Door Stops 2866 Energized Parts 251 Accessibility 2863 Guarding Cable Conductors 251 Entering Enclosure, Clearance 2862 251 High-Voltage 2860 Low-Voltage 2861 251 251 Gas Discharge From Interrupting Devices 2867 251 Grounding 2864 251 Devices 2865 251 Inspection Windows 2868 Interlocks 251 Circuit Breakers 2871 251 Interrupter Switches 2870 250 Scope 2857 Mobile and Portable Equipment 255 Collector Rings 2909 255 Enclosures 2908 255 Grounding 2912 255 High-Voltage Portable Cable for Main Power Supply 2911 255 Overcurrent Protection 2907 255 Power Cable Connections to Mobile Machines 2910 255 Protection 2906(c) 255 Scope 2906(a) 219 Motion Picture Projectors 2522.2 207 Motor Controllers 2530.81-2530.86 207 Autotransformer 2530.82(b) 207 Conductors, Opening 2530.84 Cranes 2561.51 223 207 Definition 2530.81(a) Design 2530.82 207 207 Disconnecting Means 2530.74 223 Hoists 2561.51 Horsepower Rating 2530.83 207 207 Motor Not in Sight 2530.86 207 Portable Motor of 1/3 Horsepower or Less 2530.81(c) Rheostats 2530.82(c) 207 207 Starting and Stopping 2530.82(a) 207 Stationary Motor of 1/8 Horsepower or Less 2530.81(b) Motor Controllers 2562.7 224 208 Motor-control Apparatus 2530.120 Motors 207 Automatic Restarting 2530.43 207 208 Disconnecting Means 2530.102-2530.113 207 Both Motor and Controller 2530.103 Energy From More Than One Source 2530.113 208 207 Grounded Conductors 2530.105 207 In Sight From Controller Location 2530.102 Indicating On/Off (Closed/Open) 2530.104 207 Readily Accessible 2530.107 207 207 Service Switch 2530.106 208 Single Disconnecting Means 2530.112 In Sight From 2530.4 207 Oil-Filled Cutouts 250 Continuous Current Rating 2849

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CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 300 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Electrical Installations and Equipment Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Paralleling Switches 239 Branch Circuits 2736(a) 239 Feeders 2736(a) Service and Service Entrance Equipment 2732 239 Portable Cable Bending Radii 2793 245 Fittings 2794 245 Grounding 2792 245 244 Scope 2789 Shielding 2791 244 245 Splices 2795 Termination 2795 245 Portable Handlamps 2510.6 205 Power Fuses 2845 250 195 Protective Devices 2340.27 Pull Boxes Construction 2753 242 Installation 2753 242 Raceway Entrance Locations 2752 242 Size 2752 242 Raceways Above Ground 2826 247 Below Ground 2827 248 241 Conductors, Inserting 2747 Entrance Locations 2752 242 238 Service 2721 Reactors 2896-2898 255 Grounding 2897 255 255 Oil-Filled Reactors 2898 Receptacles 205 Adapters 2510.58(d) 205 Attachment Plugs 2510.56(a) 206 Disconnecting Portable Appliances 2522.22 205 Grounding Type 2510.7(a), 2510.58 205 Live Parts 2510.4 205 Maximum Voltage 2510.1 205 Non-Grounding Type 2510.7(a), 2510.58 205 Noninterchange Ability 2510.56(b) Portable Appliances 2522.22(b) 206 205 Skirted Plugs 2510.7(b) 255 Resistors 2896-2898 Roof Installations 2808 246 Rotating Machinery and Its Control Apparatus 253 Conductors 2881 Generators Circuit Protection 2884 254 254 Grounding 2884(a) Identification 2885(c) 254 254 Overload Protection 2884(d) 254 Identification 2885 Motors Circuit Protection 2883 253 253 Control 2882(a), (c) Grounding 2883(b) 253 254 Identification 2885(b) 253 Overload Protection 2883(d) Scope 2880 252 Service and Service Entrance Equipment 238 Application 2719 Buildings, Service Through 2722 238 238 Capacity Requirements 2720(a) 238 Clearances 2723 Conductors 2723 238 238 Raceways 2724 238 Enclosure 2726 Isolating Switches 2732 239 Load 238 Character 2720(c) Isolation 2731 239 238 Location 2720(d)

300

INDEX

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Service and Service Entrance Equipment (continued) Location 238 Lightning Protection Equipment 2725(b) 238 Load 2720(d) 238 Surge Protection Equipment 2725(b) Overcurrent Protection 2728 239 239 Isolation Requirements 2731 239 Paralleling Switches 2732 Raceways 2721 238 238 Service Continuity 2720(b) 239 Switches in Parallel 2730 239 Switching Requirements 2729 211 Service Stations 2540.7 Sewage Wastewater Wells 214 Definitions 2540.10(a) 214 Hazardous Locations 2540.10(b) Signs Exceeding 600 Volts 265 Conductor Installation 2970 266 Electric-Discharge Tubing 2972 Terminals and Electrode Receptacles 2973 266 266 Switches on Doors 2974 265 Transformers 2971 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 223 Clearances 2560.10 Snow Melting Equipment 206 Disconnecting Means 2526.50 206 Scope 2526.1 229 Solar Photovoltaic Systems 2588.1-2588.3 240 Solidly Grounded Neutral Systems 2740 219 Sound Reproduction 2552.3 204 Splices, Flexible Cords and Cables 2500.9 198 Suddenly Moving Parts 2390.41(b) Swimming Pools 225 226 (see also Swimming Pools entry) 2569.1-2569.31 226 Receptacles 2569.5 Switchboards 203 Busbars, Support and Arrangement 2484.3 203 Conductors, Support and Arrangement 2484.3 204 Knife Switches 2484.24 Switches 254 Capacitors 2890 Disconnecting Switches 2835 249 226 Emergency Systems 2571.21 Enclosures 2480.3 203 206 Fixed Electric Space Heaters 2524.21 249 Fused Interrupter Switches 2834 Interrupter Switches 2833 248 249 Fused 2834 249 Isolating Switches 2835 Knife Switches (see also Knife Switches under this heading) 2480.6, 2480.7, 2484.24 203, 204 243 Metal-Enclosed Bus 2770 Outline Lighting Exceeding 600 Volts 2974 266 220 Portable Switchboards on Stage 2552.53(c) 195 Protective Devices 2340.27 Signs Exceeding 600 Volts 2974 266 252 Transformers 2876 202 Temporary Wiring 2405.1-2405.4 Assembly Places 2551.2(b) 219 202 Construction Sites 2405.4 245 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2797-2799 Guarding 2798 245 Time Limit 2799 245 245 Use 2797 202 Temporary Poles 2405.3 Tests 2320.3 193 Transformers 251 Access Openings 2874(d)

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CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 301 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Employers' Obligation to Provide Information to Employees

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Section #, Page #

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Wastewater Wells 214 Definitions 2540.10(a) 214 Hazardous Locations 2540.10(b) 258 Water, Work Over or Near 2940.5 Welders Disconnecting Means 224 Arc Welders 2563.23 224 Resistance Welders 2563.33 Overcurrent Protection 2563.22 224 Wiring Methods Conductors 241 Bending Radius 2748 241 Different Systems 2746 242 Overcurrent Devices 2751 241 Raceways, Inserting in 2747 241 Covers Required 2745 242 Grounding 2750 Outdoor Wiring 2823(b) 247 192 Workers, Qualified Persons 2320.1 Workspace 256 Access 2931 194 Electric Equipment 2340.16 194 Clear Spaces 2340.16(c) 194 Entrance and Access 2340.16(d) 194 Headroom 2340.16(f) 194 Illumination 2340.16(e) 194 Work Space 2340.16(b) 256 Enclosure 2930 256 Entrance 2931 256 Guarding 2930 257 Illumination 2933 257 Installation, Outdoor Enclosure 2935 256 Minimum Depth 2932(a) 257 Open Spaces 2936 257 Passageways 2936 256 Suitable Space 2932(b) 257 Unguarded Live Parts, Elevation 2934 X-Ray Equipment 225 Control 2566.3 225 Disconnecting Means 2566.2 Electronic News Gathering 266 Definitions 2980 Employee Training 2982 267 266 Overhead Power Lines 2981 Preventing Vehicle Accidents 2981 266 267 Safety Inspections 2983 Electroplating and Electrostripping 227 Scope 2580.1 227 Wiring Methods 2580.6 Elevators 162 Demolition 1735(r) 128 Hoisting Construction Workers 1630 107, 110 Hoists, Used as 1604.4, 1604.10(d) Shafts Construction 1670(b)(5) 140 129 Guarding 1633 Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators, Moving Walks, Wheelchair Lifts, and Stairway Chair Lifts 2562.1-2562.7 223 223 Disconnecting Means 2562.2 Identification and Signs 2562.3 224 224 Interconnection Between Multicar Controllers 2562.6 224 Motor Controllers 2562.7 Single-Car and Multicar Installations 2562.4 224 Warning sign for Multiple Disconnecting Means 2562.5 224 Emergencies, Electrical Systems (see also Emergency Systems under 226 Electrical Installations and Equipment entry) 2571.1-2571.25 19 Emergency Medical Services 1512 7 Employers' Obligation to Provide Information to Employees

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Electrical Installations and Equipment (continued) Transformers (continued) 252 Flooding, Protection From 2875(c) 252 Grounding 2878 252 High Fire Point Liquid-Insulated Transformers 2875(b) 251 Identification 2874(c) Installations Indoor 2875(a) 251 252 Outdoor 2875(e) Outline Lighting Exceeding 600 Volts 2971 265 252 Overcurrent Protection 2877 251 Physical Damage, Protection From 2874(b) 251 Scope 2873 265 Signs Exceeding 600 Volts 2971 252 Switching 2876 252 Toxic Gases, Protection Against 2875(d) 251 Ventilation 2874(a) 251 Warning Signs 2874(e) Transformers and Transformer Vaults, Low-Voltage Safety Orders Location 2533.2 208 208 Scope 2533.1 Tree Trimming Operations, Line Clearance 2950, 2951 265 262 Tubular Steel Power Line Poles 2942 255 256 Tunnels 2914-2923 255 Bonding 2917 255 Conductors 2916 256 Disconnecting Means 2921 256 Enclosures 2922 256 Energized Parts 2919 256 Grounding 2923 255 Grounding Conductor 2917 255 Overcurrent Protection 2915 255, 256 Physical Damage, Protection Against 2914(c), 2918 255 Scope 2914(a) 256 Ventilation System Controls 2920 Variances 236 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2709 192 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2305.3 Vaults 245 Ceiling Access 2805(d) 245 Doors 2805(c) 245 Drainage 2805(h) 246 Flammable Gas, Equipment Containing 2807 Foreign Pipes and Accessories 2805(i) 245 246 Locked 2810 Oil-Filled Equipment, Containing 2806 245 245 Strength 2805(a) 246 Underground 2813 Ventilating Ducts 2805(e) 245 245 Ventilating Openings 2805(f) 245 Ventilation 2805(g) Wall Material 2805(b) 245 Voltage 257 Determination 2940.1 Lampholders 2510.1 205 205 Light Fixtures 2510.1 195 Marking 2340.21 Receptacles 2510.1 205 224 Warning sign for Multiple Disconnecting Means 2562.5 Warning Signs 265 Cranes 2947 265 Derricks 2947 246 Doors or Gates 2811 Drilling Rigs 2947 265 Hay Loaders 2947 265 265 Hay Stackers 2947 265 Pile Drivers 2947 Power Shovels 2947 265 251 Transformers 2874(e)

301

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 302 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Energized Equipment or Systems Energized Equipment or Systems 2320.2 192 Equipment 144 Application Equipment 1700 Concrete and Masonry Equipment 1698 144 144 Hand Tools 1699 145 LP-Gas Fired Space Heaters 1706 Nailers and Staplers 1704 144 144 Portable Compressors 1696 146 Power-Operated Hand Tools 1707 Sideboom Cranes 1694 144 144 Temporary Heating Devices 1693 144 Weed Burner Pressure Hoses 1697 Excavations Access 1541(c) 88 Benching Systems 91 Application 1541.1 App B 91 Definitions 1541.1 App B 89 Design 1541.1(b) Employees Working on 1541.1(f) 90 91 Requirements 1541.1 App B 91 Scope 1541.1 App B 102 Cofferdams 1543 86 Definitions 1540(b) 88 Egress 1541(c) 88 Fall Protection 1541(l) 88 Falling Loads, Exposure 1541(e) 88 Hazardous Atmospheres 1541(g) High-Voltage Cables, Conductors, or Equipment 2943(c) 88 Inspection 1541(k) Loose Rock or Soil, Protection 1541(j) 88 261 Metal Tower Construction 2941.1(a) 88 Mobile Equipment, Warning System 1541(f) Permits 1539 86 Protective Systems Benching Systems 89 Design 1541.1(b) 90 Employees Working on 1541.1(f) 89 Employee Protection 1541.1(a) Equipment 1541.1(d) 89 89 Materials 1541.1(d) 100 Selection 1541.1 App F Shield Systems 1541.1(g) 90 Sloping Systems 89 Design 1541.1(b) Employees Working on 1541.1(f) 90 Support Systems 89 Design 1541.1(c) Installation 1541.1(e) 89 Removal 1541.1(e) 89 86 Scope 1540(a) 102 Shafts 1542 Sloping Systems 91 Application 1541.1 App B 89 Design 1541.1(b) Employees Working on 1541.1(f) 90 91 Requirements 1541.1 App B 91 Scope 1541.1 App B Soil Classification 96 Aluminum Shoring for Trenches 1541.1 App D 90 Application 1541.1 App A Definitions 1541.1 App A 90 91 Manual Tests 1541.1 App A 91 Requirements 1541.1 App A Scope 1541.1 App A 90 92 Timber Shoring for Trenches 1541.1 App C 91 Visual Tests 1541.1 App A Stability of Adjacent Structures 1541(i) 88 100 Timber Shoring Alternatives 1541.1 App E

302

INDEX

Excavations (continued) Trenches Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring 97 Data, Basis and Limitation 1541.1 App D 96 Presentation of Information 1541.1 App D 96 Scope 1541.1 App D Soil Classification 1541.1 App D 96 97, 99 Tables 1541.1 App D Timber Shoring 93 Dimensions of Timber Members 1541.1 App C 93 Limitations 1541.1 App C 93 Presentation of Information 1541.1 App C 92 Scope 1541.1 App C 92 Soil Classification 1541.1 App C 93 96 Tables 1541.1 App C 90 Uprights 1541.1(h) 88 Vehicular Traffic, Exposure 1541(d) 88 Water Accumulation, Protection From Hazards 1541(h) Exhaust Materials Disposal 1530(c) 51 51 Exhaust Ventilation 1530(a) Operation 1530(b) 51 Eye Protection 192 Energized Equipment or Systems 2320.2(a)(6) 165 Helicopter Operations, Ground Crew Members 1907(b) 165 Lasers 1801(c) 143 Powder-Actuated Tools 1691(b) 160 Roofing, Handling Coal Tar Pitch 1728(b)

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262

F Face Protection, Powder-Actuated Tools 1691(b) 143 Falls and Fall Protection 140, 141 Body Belts and Harnesses 1670(b), (d) 141 Controlled Access Zones 1671.2(a) Electrical Installations and Equipment 258 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2940.6(b) 193 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2320.8 166 Helicopter Ground Crews 1909 140 Lanyards 1670 140 Lifelines 1670 140 Personal Fall Arrest Systems 1670 Personal Fall Restraint Systems 1670 140 Plans 1671.1 141 140 Positioning Devices 1670 Roofing 1724(f) 160 142 Safety Monitoring Systems 1671.2(b) 141 Safety Nets 1671 When Required 1669 140 156 Falsework 1717 Film Storage Vaults 221 Lamps 2553.51 221 Prohibited Electrical Equipment 2553.52 Fire Protection and Prevention 167 Alarms 1924 182 Classes of Fires 1938 App C Plate C-13-a 167 Cutoffs 1925 Exit Stairways 1925(a) 167 182 Extinguishing 1938 App C Plate C-13 166, Fire Extinguishers 1922(a), 1938 App C Plate C-13-b Fire Fighting Equipment Access 1920(b) 166 166 Fixed 1923 166 Location 1920(c) Maintaining 1920(d) 166 166 Portable 1922 166 Fire Hoses 1922(b) Flammable and Combustible Liquids 1930 168 144 Heaters 1693(g)

182

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Helicopter Operations Guardrails 102 Cofferdams 1543(c) 144 Concrete Mixers 1698(b) Elevator Shaft Construction 1670(b)(5) 88 Excavations 1541(l)(1) 109 Hoistways 1604.7(b) Pump Jack Scaffolds 1655(i) 137 142 Single Cleat Ladders 1676(e) 139 Staging 1666(e) Window Jack Scaffolds 1654(c) 136 131 Work Platforms 1637(k)(6)

H

26,

29,

31

82

G Garages, Commercial Battery Charging Equipment 2540.5(c) 211 210 Electrical Installations and Equipment 2540.5 Hazardous Areas 2540.5(b) 210 210 Scope 2540.5(a) 21 Glass 1525 Governors 1604.20 116 Grounding (see also Grounding under Electrical Installations and Equipment entry) 2395.1-2395.114 Guarding Capacitors 254 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2888(b) Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2534.2(b) 208 111 Counterweights 1604.12 129 Elevator Shafts 1633 Equipment 2930 256 128 Floor Openings 1632 251 High-Voltage Energized Parts 2860 Live Parts 2553.15 221 251 Low-Voltage Energized Parts 2861 129 Manholes 1632(f) 144 Mortar, Plaster, or Fireproofing Mixers 1698(e) Roof Openings 1632 128 220 Stage Switchboard 2552.22 221 Substations 2553.64 Temporary Wiring 2798 245 128 Wall Openings 1632

Section #, Page #

140

-

198

201

Hand Protection 1520 20 Hand Tools 1699 144 146 Power Operated 1707 Haulage and Earth Moving 103 Dust Control 1590(b) 103 Equipment Control 1590(c) 103 Exhaust 1590(d) 103 Private Roadways and Off-Highway Conditions 1590(a) Vehicles 103 Accessories 1591(b) 103 Air Tank Service 1591(c) 103 Brakes 1591(c) 183 Cab Protection 1938 App C Plate C-16 Cab Shield 1591(e) 103 103 Canopy 1591(h) Dump Bodies 1591(k) 103 103 Equipment 1591(b) 104 Exhaust Gases 1593(e) Fenders 1591(f) 103 104 Fueling 1594 103 Hazard Signals 1591(l) Heat Shields 1590(e) 103 103 Lights 1591(g) 103 Operating Levers 1591(i) Operation 1593 104 104 Parking Brakes 1593(h) 104 Repair 1595 104 Roll-Over Protective Structures 1596 Seat Belts 1596(g) 105 104 Securing Loads 1593(f) Tire Repair 1593(g) 104 Trip Handles 1591(j) 103 103 Warning Methods 1592 Windshield 1591(a) 103 Head Protection Helicopter Operations, Ground 165, 184 Crew Members 1907(b), 1938 App C Plate C-36-a Shafts 1542(d)(8)(D) 102 Heating (see also Fixed Electric Space Heating Equipment, Heaters, and Heating Elements under Appliances, Household entry) 86 Coated Metals 1537 Construction Sites 145 LP-Gas Fired Space Heaters 1706 Temporary Devices 1693 144 Helicopter Operations 166 Automatic Release Devices 1908(e) Blasting, Notification 1906 165 165 Cargo Loading and Handling 1908 165 Code of Safe Practices 1901(b) Communications 1906 165 165 Daily Briefing 1901(c) 165 Explosives, Transporting 1908(c) Fire Protection and Prevention 1938 App C Plate C-36-a 184 165 Fueling 1905

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Fire Protection and Prevention (continued) Program 1920(a) 166 166 Sprinklers 1923(a) 166 Standpipes 1923(b) 169 Temporary Buildings 1938(b) 166 Water Supply 1921 First-Aid Kit 1512(c) 19 106 Flaggers 1599 Flammable and Combustible Liquids 212 Bulk-Storage Plants 2540.8 168 Dispensing Liquids 1934 168 Fire Control 1933 167 Inside Storage 1931 168 Outside Storage 1932 168 Service and Refueling Areas 1936 167 Storage 1930 167 Tanks 1930 168 Use 1935 Flammable Vapors 1534 79 139 Float Scaffolds 1663 179 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-38 Floors Asbestos Containing 1529(g)(8)(A), (k), (l)(3) 128 Guarding 1632 Food 21 Food Service Facilities 1527(b) 28 Near Asbestos Work 1529(j)(1)(D) 63 Near Lead Exposure 1532.1(i)(1) Near Methylenedianiline Exposure 1535(k)(3) 226 Fountains 2569.51 154 Framing and Concrete Forms 1713 Fuel Gas 164 Connections 1742 Cylinders 163 Storage 1740 163 Use 1740 164 Hoses 1742 164 Precautions 1743 164 Pressure Regulators 1741

303

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 304 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Helicopter Operations Helicopter Operations (continued) Ground Crew 166 Exposed Locations 1909 166 Fall Protection 1909 165 Instruction 1907(a) 165 Personal Protective Equipment 1907(b) Hazards, Notification 1906 165 165 Landing Operations 1903 165 Pilot Certification 1901(e) Scope 1900 165 165 Signal Systems 1906(c), (d) 165 Sling Loads 1908(d) 165 Static Electricity 1904 165 Survey of Job Site 1901(a) Highways and Roads 103 Earth Moving, Private Roadways 1590(a) 106 Flaggers 1599 103 Haulage, Private Roadways 1590(a) Traffic Control 1598 106 Hoists and Hoisting Construction Hoists Material Hoists 124 Booms 1605.11 123 Cages 1605.9 126 Capacity Statement and Design 1605.20 124 Concrete Buckets 1605.10 124 Drums 1605.12(e) 125 Electric Motors 1605.18 Electrical Signals 126 Bells or Lights 1605.21(d) 126 Intercommunication System 1605.21(e) 125 Hoisting Machines 1605.14 125 Protection of Operator 1605.15 125 Signal Systems 1605.16 Hoisting Towers 124 Booms 1605.11 123 Cantilever Towers 1605.7 123 Erection 1605.5 123 Foundation 1605.4 123 Guying 1605.6 123 Requirements 1605.3 124 Hoisting Wire Rope 1605.12 125 Fastenings 1605.13 Indicators 1605.17 125 124 Inspection 1605.12(b) Installation 1605.12(d) 124 124 Removal and Replacement 1605.12(c) 123 Inside Hoists, Requirements 1605.8 Inspections Daily 1605.14(t) 125 124 Wire Rope 1605.12(b) Landings 1605.19 126 123 Operating Rules 1605.3(c) 123 Platforms 1605.9 References to Other Codes 1605.2 123 126 Runways 1605.19 124 Sheaves 1605.12(e) Signal Systems 1605.16, 1605.21 125, 126 126 Audible 1605.21(c) Electrical 126 Bells or Lights 1605.21(d) 126 Intercommunication System 1605.21(e) 126 One-Hand 1605.21(a) Two-Hand 1605.21(b) 126 Personnel Hoists 122 American National Standards 1604.30 122 Carrying Materials 1604.28

304

INDEX

Hoists and Hoisting (continued) Construction Hoists (continued) Personnel Hoists (continued) Cars 111 Buffers 1604.14 116 Capacity 1604.21 Clearances Bottom and Top 1604.10 109 111 Horizontal 1604.11 Compartments 1604.17(e) 113 112 Counterbalancing 1604.15(c) 113 Doors, Gates, and Electrical Contacts 1604.18 113 Emergency Exits 1604.17(f) 113 Enclosures 1604.17 112 Frames 1604.16 116 Governors 1604.20 111, 112 Guide Members 1604.13, 1604.16(b) 109 Live Parts 1604.8(b) Loading 1604.21 116 112 Platforms 1604.16 116 Inside Net Platform Area 1604.21(a) Runbys 1604.10 109 114 Safeties 1604.19 117 Speed 1604.22(c) 119 Voltages Permitted 1604.24(c) 119 Control Circuits 1604.24(h) 118 Control Equipment 1604.24 109 Access to 1604.9(a) 109 Lighting 1604.9(c) 109 Protection of 1604.9(b) Counterweights 111 Buffers 1604.14 Clearances 109 Bottom and Top 1604.10 111 Horizontal 1604.11 112 Design Requirements 1604.15(b) 116 Governors 1604.20 111 Guarding 1604.12 111 Guide Members 1604.13 111 Location 1604.12 120 Ropes and Rope Connections 1604.25 109 Runbys 1604.10 114 Safeties 1604.19 Top Car Clearances 1604.10(e) 110 108 Dismantling 1604.5(e) Driving Machines 1604.22 117 119 Brakes 1604.24(g) 117 Drums 1604.22 Electrical Protective Devices 1604.24(b) 118 119 Making Inoperative 1604.24(f) 109 Electrical Wiring, Fittings, and Fixtures 1604.8 Elevators 1604.4 107 107 Engineering Supervision 1604.1(c) 108 Erection 1604.5(e) Hoistways Clearances 111 Car and Hoistway Enclosures 1604.11(a) Car Platform Sills and Hoistway Enclosures 1604.11(d) 111 108 Door Locking Devices 1604.6(b) Doors 1604.6(a) 108 108 Enclosures 1604.5(c) 109 Fittings, Fixtures, and Switches 1604.8(c) Flooring 1604.7(b) 109 Foundations 1604.7(a) 108 109 Live Parts 1604.8(b) 108 Overhead Beams 1604.7(a) Space Below, Protection 1604.5(b) 107 119 Voltages Permitted 1604.24(c)

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CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 305 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Lasers

Section #, Page #

I Illumination (see also Lighting entry) 2933 257 19 Injury and Illness Prevention Program 1509 Inspections 1 Advance Notice 331 32 Asbestos Worksites 1529(o) 88 Excavations 1541(k) Hoists Material Hoists 125 Daily 1605.14(t) Hoisting Wire Rope 1605.12(b) 124 121 Personnel Hoists 1604.26 122 Fees 1604.29(b) Rope Inspection 1604.25(j) 121 Scaffolds 130 Lumber 1637(h) Suspended Scaffolds 1658(g) 137 124 Wire Rope 1605.12(b) 139 Interior Hung Scaffolds 1665 Internal Combustion Engine Powered Equipment Fueling 1594(a) 104 169 Location 1938(a) 79 Operation 1533 168 Smoking or Open Flames Near 1936(g) Irons (see also Irons under Appliances, 205 Household entry) 2522.8, 2522.10, 2522.11 Irrigation Machines, Electrically Driven or Controlled 225 Cables 2568.4 225 Definitions 2568.2 225 Disconnecting Means 2568.8 Energy From More Than One Source 2568.16 225 225 Grounding 2568.12 225 Lightning Protection 2568.15

IX Subject Index

Hoists and Hoisting (continued) Construction Hoists (continued) Personnel Hoists (continued) 121 Inspections 1604.26 122 Fees 1604.29(b) 121 Ropes 1604.25(j) Lubrication 1604.27(a) 122 Machinery 109 Access to 1604.9(a) Lighting 1604.9(c) 109 109 Protection of 1604.9(b) 122 Maintenance 1604.27 107 Masts, Construction 1604.5(a) 122 Materials, Carrying 1604.28 119 Operating Circuits 1604.24(h) 118 Operating Devices 1604.24 108 Overhead Beams 1604.7(a) Permanent Elevators Used as Hoists, 110 Maximum Bottom Runby 1604.10(d) 122 Permit to Operate 1604.29 119 Phase-Reversal and Failure Protection 1604.24(e) Purpose 1604.1(b) 107 119 Regenerated Power Absorption 1604.24(i) 107 Related Standards 1604.2 120 Ropes and Rope Connections 1604.25 114 Safety Devices 1604.19 122 Making Inoperative 1604.27(b) 107 Scope 1604.1(a) 117 Sheaves 1604.22 117 Stopping Devices 1604.23 108 Structure 1604.5(d) 119 Supply-Line Disconnecting Means 1604.24(d) 117 Terminal Stopping Devices 1604.23 121 Tests 1604.26 107 Towers, Construction 1604.5(a) Undercounterweighted 110 Bottom Runby 1604.10(c) 110 Top Car Clearance 1604.10(f) 119 Voltages Permitted in Hoistway or Car 1604.24(c) 109 Wiring, Raceways, and Cables 1604.8(a) Electrical Safety Orders 223 Clearance 2561.3 223 Combustible Materials 2561.2 Conductors 223 Enclosure 2561.11 Track and Runway Conductor Disconnecting Means 2561.31 223 223 Disconnecting Means 2561.32 Flexible Cords and Cables 2500.7(a)(5) 204 259, 260 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2940.7(d)-(e) 223 Limit Switch 2561.55 Motor Controllers 2561.51 223 223 Remote Control Circuits 2561.8 223 Scope 2561.1 Hoppers 1548 102 135 Horse Scaffolds 1647 180 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-41 Housekeeping Asbestos 1529(l) 31 54 Cadmium 1532(k) Construction 1513 20 63 Lead 1532.1(h) 82 Methylenedianiline 1535(m) Hydraulic Power Tools 1707(c) 146

J Jobsite Vehicles 1597

105

L Ladder-Jack Scaffolds 1648 136 179 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-34 Ladders Broken or Missing Rungs or Steps 1675(b) 142 174 Criteria 1938 App B Plate B-17 Electrical Installations and Equipment, High-Voltage Safety Orders 2940.6(d) 142 Extension Ladders 1678 142 Job-Made Ladders 1676 Pitch 1675(g) 142 142 Placement 1675(h) 142 Planks 1675(f) Portable Ladder Feet 1675(e) 142 Portable Metal Ladders 142 Electrical Work 1675(l) Strength 1675(d) 142 142 Portable Wood Ladders 1675(c) 142 Side Rails 1675(i) Lanyards 1670 140 165 Lasers 1801

258

INDEX

305

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 306 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Lead Lead 62 Compliance Methods 1532.1(e) 60 Definitions 1532.1(b) Employee Information, Training, and Certification 1532.1(l) 69 Employee Standard Summary 1532.1 App B Exposure 61 Assessment 1532.1(d) 60 Permissible Exposure Limit 1532.1(c) 67 Substance Data Sheet 1532.1 App A Housekeeping 1532.1(h) 63 63 Hygiene 1532.1(i) 65 Medical Removal Protection 1532.1(k) Medical Surveillance 1532.1(j), 1532.1 App C 64, 72 67 Observation 1532.1(o) 67 Pre-Job Notification 1532.1(p) Protective Work Clothing and Equipment 1532.1(g) 63 66 Recordkeeping 1532.1(n) 63 Respiratory Protection 1532.1(f) Scope 1532.1(a) 60 66 Signs 1532.1(m) 159 Lift-Slab Construction Operations 1722.1 155 Light Gage Steel Frame Construction 1716.2 Lighting 20 Construction Areas 1523 Electrical Equipment 257 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2933 226 Emergency 2571.16 Fixtures (see also Light Fixtures under Electrical 205 Installations and Equipment entry) 2510.1 Lightning 255 Lightning Arresters 2900-2904 255 Clearances 2901 Connections 2902 255 255 Flammable Atmospheres 2900 255 Grounding 2903 Identification 2904 255 238 Protection Equipment 2725(b) 201 Rods, Use of 2395.86 Loads, Riding on 1718 157 LP-Gas 169 Containers, Repairs and Alterations 1937 Heating Systems 1605.15(e) 125 164 Hoses 1742(c) 163 Mobile Equipment 1740(j) Position of Vessels 1743(k) 164 Roofing 1740(i) 163 145 Space Heaters 1706

66

M Manholes Guarding 1632(f) 129 Work Near Underground High-Voltage Cables 2943(b) Masonry 102 Blocks, Stabilizing 1549(a) 158 Construction 1722 144 Mixers 1698(a), (b) Medical Services 1512 19 Methylenedianiline 80 Application 1535(a) Compliance Methods 1535(h) 81 85 Dates 1535(s) 80 Definitions 1535(b) Emergency Situations 1535(e) 80 80 Employee Communication 1535(d) Exposure 80 Monitoring 1535(f) 80 Permissible Exposure Limits 1535(c) 82 Hazard Communication 1535(l)

306

INDEX

262

Methylenedianiline (continued) Housekeeping 1535(m) 82 82 Hygiene 1535(k) 83 Medical Surveillance 1535(n) Observation 1535(p) 85 Protective Work Clothing and Equipment 1535(j) 82 85 Recordkeeping 1535(o) Regulated Areas 1535(g) 81 Respiratory Protection 1535(i) 81 80 Scope 1535(a) Mines and Mining, High-Voltage Safety Orders Bonding 2917 255 Conductors 2916 255 Disconnecting Means 2921 256 Enclosures 2922 256 256 Energized Parts 2919 Grounding 2923 256 255 Grounding Conductor 2917 Overcurrent Protection 2915 255 Physical Damage, Protection Against 2914(c), 2918 255, 256 Scope 2914(a) 255 256 Ventilation System Controls 2920 Mortar, Plaster, or Fireproofing Mixers 1698(e) 144 Motion Picture Projectors and Equipment Nonprofessional Approval 2554.32 222 222 Booth Not Required 2554.31 Definition 2554.30 222 Illumination 2554.33 222 Marking Film 2554.35 222 Projectors 2554.34 222 Professional Approval 2554.20 222 Conductors Lamps and Hot Equipment 2554.14 222 222 Size 2554.13 Definition 2554.2 222 Equipment Prohibited 2554.11 222 Flexible Cords 2554.15 222 Lamps Conductors 2554.14 222 Guards 2554.16 222 222 Location 2554.10 Marking 2554.21 222 Motor-Driven 2554.12 222 222 Scope 2554.1 222 Sound Recording and Reproduction 2554.50 Motion Picture Studios Cellulose Nitrate Film Storage Vaults Equipment 2553.52 221 Lamps 2553.51 221 Motors 2553.52 221 Enclosing Live Parts 2553.15 221 221 Feeder Conductors, Sizing for Television Studio Sets 2553.19 221 Grounding 2553.20 221 Guarding Live Parts 2553.15 Lamps Arc Lamps, Portable 2553.17 221 Film Storage Vaults 2553.51 221 221 Portable 2553.16 Viewing, Cutting, and Patching Tables 2553.41 221 221 Overcurrent Protection 2553.18 Plugging Boxes 2553.14 221 Portable Wiring 2553.12 221 221 Scope 2553.1 Stage Lighting and Effects Control 2553.13 221 Substations Grounding 2553.66 222 221 Guarding 2553.64 222 Portable 2553.65 Working Space 2553.64 221

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Powered Buggy Runways Motors (see also Motors under Electrical Installations 207 208 and Equipment entry) 2530.4-2530.113 5 Multi-Employer Worksites Determination of Citable Employer 5

-

N Nailers 1704 144 139 Needle-Beam Scaffolds 1664 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-37 165 Nonionizing Radiation 1801

-

179

O

P Paint Finishing Processes, Electrical Installations and Equipment 2540.9 212 Scaffolds for Painters 1640 131 Panels 154, 155 Construction 1714, 1715 Oiling 1711 154 Permits Excavations 1539 86 Personnel Hoists 1604.29 122 86 Trenches 1539 Personal Protective Equipment Asbestos 1529(i) 28 20 Body Protection 1522 54 Cadmium 1532(i) Ear Protection 1521 20 Electrical Workers 2940.6(j) 259 20 General 1514 Hand Protection 1520 20 Lead 1532.1(g) 63 82 Methylenedianiline 1535(j) 20, 171 Sanitation 1519, 1938 App B Plate B-1-a Personnel Hoists (see also Construction Hoists under Hoists and Hoisting entry) 1604 Pile Driving 1600 106 107 Methods of Unloading Piles 1601 Piling Material 1549 102 Plumbing-up 1716(d) 155 146 Pneumatic Power Tools 1707(b) 144 Nailers and Staplers 1704 Portable Compressors 1696 144 Post-Tensioning Operations 1721 158 Powder-Actuated Tools Containers 1687 143 143 Design Requirements 1684 Eye Protection 1691(b) 143 143 Face Protection 1691(b) Instructor Qualifications 1685(b) 143 143 Labels 1687 Limitations of Use 1690 143 Maintenance 1689(a) 143 Operation 1691 143 Operator Qualifications 1685(a) 143 143 Pole Tool Assemblies 1688 Criteria 1938 App C Plate C-37 186 Power Loads 1692 143 Storage 1689(b), (c) 143 127 Powered Buggy Runways 1625

INDEX

IX Subject Index

Occupational Injuries or Illnesses Recording 2001 Data, Summary and Posting 14300.43 280 277 Annual Summary 14300.32 Changes in Establishment Ownership 14300.34 278 Criteria 271, 273 General 14300.4, 14300.7 275 Medical Removal Under Cal/OSHA Standards 14300.9 276 Musculoskeletal Disorders 14300.12 275 Needlestick and Sharps Injuries 14300.8 275 Occupational Hearing Loss 14300.10 276 Tuberculosis 14300.11 280 Definitions 14300.46 278 Discrimination Prohibited 14300.36 278 Employee Involvement 14300.35 Exemptions 270 Employers with 10 or Fewer Employees 14300.1 Establishments in 271 Certain Industries 14300.2, 14300.2 App A Forms 276 300, 300A, 301 14300.29 2001 Data 14300.43 280 277 Annual Summary 14300.32 277 Covered Employees 14300.31 Multiple Establishments 14300.30 277 280 Old Forms, Retention and Updating 14300.44 278 Retention and Updating 14300.33 272 New Cases, Determination of 14300.6 OSHA Survey 14300.41 279 270 Purpose 14300 Recordkeeping Bureau of Labor Statistics, 279 Requests for Data 14300.42 Federal Mine Safety and 281 Health Act, Employers Covered by 14300.47 More than One Agency 14300.3 271 Providing Records to 279 Government Representatives 14300.40 278 Variances 14300.38 271 Work-Relatedness, Determination of 14300.5 Reporting 269 Definitions 14000 Employer 269 Duties 14001 269 Reporting Form 14004 269 Reproduction of 14005 Form 5021 14006 270 270 Reproduction of 14007 269 Form 5020 14004 Reproduction of 14005 269 269 Insurer’s Duties 14002 Physician 269 Duties 14003 270 Reporting Form 14006 270 Reproduction of 14007

Section #, Page #

Oil and Gas Wells (see also Oil and Gas Wells under Wells entry) 2548.21 215 144 Oil-Fired Heaters 1693(f) Oiling, Floor Panels 1711 154 286 Operating Rules for Industrial Trucks Addendum Outdoor Wiring (see also Outdoor Wiring under Electrical Installations and Equipment entry) 247 248 High-Voltage Safety Orders 2823-2831 197 Low-Voltage Safety Orders 2375.1-2375.19 Outrigger Scaffolds (see also Scaffolds entry) 1645 134 205, 206 Ovens and Ranges 2522.17, 2522.23(c) Oxygen 164 Compressed Oxygen 1743(i) Cylinders 164 Hoses and Connections 1742 Oil and Grease, Avoid 1743(c) 164 164 Pressure-Reducing Devices, Use With 1743(e) 163 Storage 1740 Use 1740 163 164 Device Allowing Mixture of Gas and Oxygen 1743(a)

107

307

CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 308 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Projectors Projectors (see also Motion Picture Projectors and Equipment entry) 2554.34 2 Proposed Penalty Procedure Assessment of Civil Penalties 3 2 Definitions 334 136 Pump Jack Scaffolds 1655 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-33 178

Runways Foot Traffic 1624 127 127 Powered Buggy 1625 Railings and Toeboards 1621 160 Roofing 1724(h) 127 Wheelbarrow 1623

127

S

R Railings 128 Floor, Roof, and Wall Openings 1632 Reinforcement 1938 App B Plate B-28 177 159 Roofing 1724 Scaffolds 132 Heavy-Trade Wooden Pole Scaffolds 1641 131 Light-Duty Wooden Pole Scaffolds 1640 137 Suspended Scaffolds 1658(o) When Needed 1621(a) 127 205, 206 Ranges and Ovens 2522.17, 2522.23(c) 255 Reactors, High-Voltage Safety Orders 2896 255 Grounding 2897 255 Oil-Filled Reactors 2898 154 Reinforcing Steel 1712 Reporting 33 Asbestos Use 1529(r) 58, 59 Cadmium Exposure 1532(l)(16), (p) Methylenedianiline Exposure 1535(q) 85 12 Reporting Work-Connected Injuries Resistors, High-Voltage Safety Orders 2896, 2897 255 155 Riveting 1716(c) 86 Rock Drilling 1538 Rolling Scaffolds 1646 135 Roofing 159 Application of Safety Orders 1723 Asphalt Kettles 1726 160 Buckets 160 Handling 1725 Hot Asphalt and Hot Pitch Buckets 1729(a) 160 159 Catch Platforms 1724(c) 160 Coal Tar Pitch, Handling 1728 171 Code of Safe Practices 1938 App A Plate A-3-c Crawling Boards 1724(b) 159 160 Eave Barriers 1724(e) Fall Protection 1724(f) 160 Gallows-Type Frames 1729(b) 160 128 Guarding Openings 1632 Hazards 1730 161 High-Lift Material Trucks 1724(g) 160 159 Jack Systems 1724(a) 183 Illustration 1938 App C Plate C-19 Kettles 160 Asphalt and Pitch 1726 160 Clear Path 1725(e) Covers 1726(a) 160 160 Distance When Burner Flame On 1725(d) 160 Elevated Truck Beds 1727 Fire Extinguishers 1726(d) 160 160 Handling 1725 160 Moving 1725(f) Relief Valve 1726(c) 160 160 Safety Features 1726(h) 160 Stopping Flow 1726(f) Pitch Kettles 1726 160 160 Ramps and Runways 1724(h) 159 Scaffold Platforms 1724(d) Slopes 1730 161 160 Tankers, Handling 1725 163 Tar Pots 1740(i)

308

222

INDEX

Safety and Health Protection on the Job Addendum 105 Safety Belts 1596(g), 1597(h) 19 Safety Instructions for Employees 1510 Safety Nets 1671 141 19 Safety Precautions 1511 Safety Program for Contractors 1938 App A Plate A-2 Sanitation 1519 20 Scaffolds 131 Access 1637(n) Anchorage 1637(c) 130 138 Boatswains’ Chairs 1662 131 Bolted Connections 1637(r) 130 Bracing 1637(c) 131 Removal 1637(l) 134 Bracket Scaffolds 1645 132, 134 Bricklayers’ Scaffolds 1641, 1645 136 Square Scaffolds 1653 178 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-32 Suspended Scaffolds 1659 137 130 Design and Construction 1637(b) Dismantling 1637(k) 131 131 Erection 1637(k) 130 Extension Planking 1637(e) Float Scaffolds 1663 139 179 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-38 131 High Winds, Work During 1637(u) Hoisting Materials 1637(s) 131 135 Horse Scaffolds 1647 180 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-41 Illustrations 1938 App B Plate B-18-42 174 180 Inspection 130 Lumber 1637(h) 137 Suspended Scaffolds 1658(g) Interior Hung Scaffolds 1665 139 136 Ladder-Jack Scaffolds 1648 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-34 179 Loading 1637(m) 131 130 Lumber 1637(d) Inspection 1637(h) 130 Masons’ Suspended Scaffolds 1659 137 133 Metal Scaffolds 1644 130 Nailing 1637(i) Needle-Beam Scaffold 1664 139 134 Outrigger Scaffolds 1645 131 Overhead Protection 1637(q) Planking 1637(f), (g) 130 131 Platform Planks at Corners 1637(t) 131, 132 Pole Scaffolds 1640, 1641 Over 60 Feet in Height 1643 133 140 Power-Driven Scaffolds 1667 131 Prohibited Types 1637(j) Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-40 180 136 Pump Jack Scaffolds 1655 178 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-33 Railings 1621 127 137 Suspended Scaffolds 1658(o) 135 Rolling Scaffolds 1646 Roofing, Platforms 1724(d) 159 131 Slippery Conditions 1637(p) 131 Sloped Platforms 1637(o)

287

169

-

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CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 309 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Theaters

Section #, Page #

Stairs Access and Egress 1629 128 174 Criteria 1938 App B Plate B-17 Standpipes 1923(b) 166 144 Staplers 1704 132, 134 Stonemasons’ Scaffolds 1641, 1645 Suspended Scaffolds 1659 137 Structural Steel Erection 146 Application 1710(a) Beams 1710(g) 148 148 Column Anchorage 1710(f) 148 Columns 1710(g) Construction Sequence 1710(c) 147 150 Controlled Decking Zone 1710(n) 146 Definitions 1710(b) Falling Object Protection 1710(j) 150 Flooring 150 Multistory Buildings 1710(l) Permanent 1710(k) 150 150 Temporary 1710(l) 150 Tiered Buildings 1710(k) 129 Framed Buildings 1635 151 Guardrail Systems, Custody of 1710(o) 147 Hoisting 1710(d) 148 Open Web Steel Joists 1710(h) 102 Piles 1549(c) 147 Rigging 1710(d) Scope 1710(a) 146 147 Site Layout 1710(c) Skeleton Steel, Working and Traveling 1710(m) 150 151 Skylight Fixtures 1710(p) 151 Smoke Dome 1710(p) Systems-Engineered Metal Buildings 1710(i) 150 151 Training 1710(q) 147 Walking/Working Surfaces 1710(e) Suspended Scaffolds (see also 137 Suspended Scaffolds under Scaffolds entry) 1658 Swimming Pools 226 Cord- and Plug-Connected Equipment 2569.7 226 Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters, Storable Pools 2569.31 226 Lighting Fixtures 2569.6(b), 2569.7(a)(1) Pumps, Storable Pools 2569.30 226 226 Receptacles 2569.5 225 Scope 2569.1 Underwater Equipment, Permanently Installed Pools 2569.20 226

IX Subject Index

Scaffolds (continued) Stonemasons’ Scaffolds 1641, 1645 132, 134 137 Suspended Scaffolds 1659 131 Storms, Work During 1637(u) Suspended Scaffolds 138 Boatswains’ Chairs 1662 Bricklayers’ Suspended Scaffolds 1659 137 137 Design 1658(c) 139 Float Scaffolds 1663 Hoisting Machines 1658(a) 137 137 Inspection 1658(g) 139 Interior Hung Scaffolds 1665 137 Ladders 1658(d) 138 Loads Between 425 and 1,000 Pounds 1661 138 Loads of 425 Pounds or Less 1660 137 Masons’ Suspended Scaffolds 1659 177 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-29 137 Metal Hangers 1658(l) Needle-Beam Scaffolds 1664 139 179 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-37 140 Power-Driven Scaffolds 1667 Railing 1658(o) 137 139 Staging 1666 137 Stonemasons’ Suspended Scaffolds 1659 137 Supporting Ropes 1658(e) 137 Supports 1658 137 Unattended Scaffold 1658(p) 137 Winches 1658(a) 133 Timber Scaffolds 1642 135 Tower Scaffolds 1646 133 Tube and Coupler Scaffolds 1644(b) 136 Window Jack Scaffolds 1654 179 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-35 131 Wood Platforms 1637(v) Wooden Pole Scaffolds 132 Heavy Trade 1641 131 Light Duty 1640 133 Over 60 Feet in Height 1643 Seat Belts 105 Jobsite Vehicles 1597(h) 105 Roll-Over Protective Structures 1596(g) Service Stations, 211 Electrical Installations and Equipment 2540.7 Sewage Wastewater Wells 214 Definitions 2540.10(a) Hazardous Locations 2540.10(b) 214 131 Sheet Metal Workers, Scaffolds 1640 144 Sideboom Cranes 1694 Skylights 1710(p) 151 21 Sleeping Quarters, Temporary 1527(c) Snow Melting Equipment 206 Disconnecting Means 2526.50 206 Scope 2526.1 Soil Classification 96 Aluminum Hydraulic Shoring for Trenches 1541.1 App D 90 Application 1541.1 App A 90 Definitions 1541.1 App A Manual Tests 1541.1 App A 91 91 Requirements 1541.1 App A 90 Scope 1541.1 App A Timber Shoring for Trenches 1541.1 App C 92 91 Visual Tests 1541.1 App A 144 Solid Fuel Salamanders 1693(e) Sound Recording and Similar Equipment Grouping of Conductors 2564.6 224 224 Scope 2564.1 Space Heaters (see also Fixed Electric Space Heating Equipment 145 under Appliances, Household entry), LP-Gas Fired 1706 166 Sprinklers 1923(a)

T Temporary Buildings, Fire Safety 1938(b) 169 129 Temporary Floors 1635 144 Temporary Heating Devices 1693 Terminal Stopping Devices 1604.23 117 Testing, Electrical Installations and Equipment 2320.3 Theaters 220 Arc Lamps 2552.61 220 Bracket Fixture Wiring 2552.63 220 Cable Connectors 2552.67 Conductors, Portable Stage Equipment 2552.68 221 Dressing Rooms 221 Lamp Guards 2552.72 Pendant Lampholders 2552.71 221 226 Emergency Lighting, Switch Location 2571.21 220 Festoons 2552.65 Lamp Guards 2552.72 221 221 Pendant Lampholders 2552.71 220 Plugging Boxes, Portable 2552.62 Portable Strips 2552.64 220 219 Scope 2552.1 220 Special Effects 2552.66

INDEX

193

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CalOSHA-Construction and Electrical.book Page 310 Wednesday, June 23, 2010 9:22 AM

Theaters Theaters (continued) Switchboards Fixed Stage Switchboards 220 Dead Front 2552.21 220 Guarding Back 2552.22 220 Lamps in Scene Docks 2552.47 Portable Switchboards on Stage Cable Arrangement 2552.53(i) 220 220 Circuit Breakers 2552.53(c) Circuit Protection 2552.53(d) 220 220 Construction 2522.53 220 Dimmers 2552.53(e) 220 Enclosure 2552.53(a) 220 Interior Conductors 2552.53(f) 220 Live Parts 2552.53(b) 220 Overcurrent Protection 2552.52 220 Pilot Light 2552.53(g) 220 Supply 2552.51 Supply Connections 2552.53(h) 220 220 Switches 2552.53(c) 220 Terminals 2552.53(j) Timber Beams, Suggested Load Limits 1938 App B Plate B-10 173 133 Scaffolds 1642 127 Toeboards 1621 128 Floor, Roof, and Wall Openings 1632 21 Toilet Facilities 1526 Tools 144 Hand Tools 1699 146 Power Operated 1707 146 Hydraulic Power Tools 1707(c) 144 Nailers 1704 146 Pneumatic Power Tools 1707(b) Powder-Actuated Tools (see also 143 144 Powder-Actuated Tools entry) 1684-1692 144 Staplers 1704 135 Tower Scaffolds 1646 106 Traffic Control for Public Streets and Highways 1598 265 Tree Trimming Operations, Line Clearance 2950, 2951 Trenches (see also Excavations entry) 105 Jobsite Vehicles 1597(k) 86 Permits 1539 Trusses 102 Stacking 1549(d) Tunnels (see also Tunnels under Electrical 255 256 Installations and Equipment entry) 2914-2923

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V Ventilation 51 Mechanical Ventilation Systems 1530 System Controls, Mines and Tunnel Installations 2920 86 Welding, Brazing, and Cutting 1536 156 Vertical Shoring 1717 Vertical Slip Form Operations 1719 157

310

INDEX

W Wall Openings 1632 128 21 Washing Facilities 1527(a) Wastewater Wells, 214 Electrical Installations and Equipment 2540.10 Water Supply 21 Nonpotable Water 1524(b) 20 Potable Water 1524(a) Work Near 107 Safety Devices 1602 141 Safety Nets 1671 107 Walkways 1603 Weed Burner Pressure Hoses 1697 144 Welding 86 Coated Metals 1537 Electric Welding Arc Welders 224 Disconnecting Means 2563.23 Overcurrent Protection 2563.22 224 224 Resistance Welding, Disconnecting Means 2563.33 177 Platform Cages 1938 App B Plate B-27-a 86 Ventilation 1536 Wells Oil and Gas Wells 215 Definitions 2548.21(c) 219 Drilling Platforms 2548.25(a) Drilling Wells 2548.22 215 219 Lighting 2548.26 219 Overload Protection 2548.24 Producing Wells 2548.23 215 215 Scope 2548.21(b) 219 Wiring 2548.25 Wastewater Wells 214 Definitions 2540.10(a) 214 Hazardous Locations 2540.10(b) Wheelbarrow 127 127 Wheelbarrow Runways 1623 136 Window Jack Scaffolds 1654 Window Jack Scaffolds 1655 179 Illustration 1938 App B Plate B-35 Wood-Frame 155 Construction 1716.2 Definitions 1716.1(b) 155 155 Erection 1716.1(f) Exposure 1716.1(c) 155 Lift Trucks and Elevated Work Platforms 1716.1(d) 155 155 Protection 1716.1(c) Roof or Floor Openings 1716.1(e) 155

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