Στρατηγικές, Πρακτικές και Εργαλεία Σχεδιασμού: Από
Moving from Theory to Practice: The Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School
ROMANO David Gilman
University of Arizona, School of Anthropology
The Story of Trail Networks Including the Parrhasian Heritage Park
DAVISON Mark
City of Boulder| Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School
MAHONEY Kyle
Department of Classics, Swarthmore College/ Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School
KERNER Kya
Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School
Diadrasis,
Συντονισμοσ:
Ancestral Water Landscapes between the Corgo, Douro and Pinhão Rivers: Digital Humanities and the Enhancemento Rural Territories
VIDAL GONÇALVES Gerardo
Évora University, Interdisciplinary Research Centre For History, Culture And Society
BORGES PEREIRA Dina
Sabrosa History and Archaeology Association
Access to Tools. Access to Knowledge.
ΠΑΤΣΑΒΟΣ
(Επιμ.). (2012). Υλικός πολιτισμός. Η
ανθρωπολογία στη χώρα των
_Λαλάκη, Δ. (2024, Αύγουστου 18). Και
ο πολιτισμός. https://www.thepressproject.gr/article/133035/ _Foucault, Μ. (2012). Ετεροτοπίες
(Τ. Μπέτζελος, Μετ.). Πλέθρον.
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Bibliography
_Davison, M. (2010). Mission. In D. G., Romano, & M.E., Voyatzis (Eds.), Planning for the Future. The Parrhasian Heritage Park of Peloponnesos (p. 4). https://www.parrhasianheritagepark.org/documents/3/Parrhasian_Brochure_2010.pdf
National Park Service. (n.d.). Community-Led Conservation and Development. https://www.nps.gov/subjects/heritageareas/index.htm.
_National Parks UK. (n.d.) What is a national Park? https://www.nationalparks.uk/what-is-a-national-park/ _Parrhasian Heritage Foundation. (2011) Planning for the Future. The Parrhasian Heritage Park of Peloponnesos. https://www.parrhasianheritagepark.org/documents/5/Park_Planning_Brochure_2011.pdf
_Romano, D. G., Voyatzis, M.E. & Karapanagiotou, A. (2022). Mt. Lykaion Excavation and Survey Project, Report of Activities, Summer 2021. https://www.parrhasianheritagepark.org/documents/63/Park_Planning_ Brochure_2021.pdf
_Romano, D. G., & Voyatzis, M.E. (Eds.). (2010a). Planning for the future. The Parrhasian Heritage Park of Peloponnisos. https://www.parrhasianheritagepark.org/documents/3/Parrhasian_Brochure_2010.pdf
_Romano, D. G., & Voyatzis, M.E. (2010b). Preserving Ancient Arcadian Heritage: Proposal for an Archaeological Park. In P. Carlier & C. LerougeCohen (Eds.), Paysage et religion. Mélanges offerts à Madeleine Jost, (pp. 41-54). De Boccard.
_Romano, D. G., & Voyatzis, M.E. (2015). Mt. Lykaion Excavation and Survey Project, Part 2, The Lower Sanctuary, Hesperia 84, 207-276.
Images
1_The Parrhasian Heritage Park of the Peloponnesos (proposal). Map: M. Davison & D. G. Romano.
2_Anastasia Panagiotopoulou, center, with Kyriakos Karagiannis, David Gilman Romano, Mary Voyatzis and Christos Koumoundouros. Photog.: D. G. Romano.
3_Professor Costas Cassios. Photog.: D. G. Romano.
4_Mark Davison. Photog.: D. G. Romano.
5_Nota Pantzou. Parrhasian Heritage Foundation.
6_Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School August 2023. Dimitris Papakonstantinou is in the center wearing a blue shirt. Photog.: D. G. Romano.
David Gilman Romano1, Nota Pantzou2, Dimitris Papakonstantinou3
1 Nicholas and Athena Karabots Professor of Greek Archaeology Professor. School of Anthropology, University of Arizona
2 Assistant Professor, Department of History and Archaeology. University of Patras/ Member of Collaborating Teaching Staff, Hellenic Open University
3 Laboratory Teaching Staff. Department of Rural and Surveying Engineering, National Technical University of Athens
From Theory to Practice : The Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School
Synopsis Key Words An international and interdisciplinary team of experts and scholars is working to create the first large scale national heritage park of Greece. The proposed park will extend over a mountainous 675 km2 area at the junction of the prefectures of Elis, Arcadia and Messinia, a region of major archaeological, historical and geological interest. The initiative was launched in 2003 with a goal to protect an area of cultural significance, outstanding natural beauty, and rich archaeological sites.
Abstract
We present the efforts of an interdisciplinary team of experts and scholars to create the first large scale heritage park of Greece. The history of the idea of the park is presented in the context of the Mt. Lykaion Excavation and Survey Project working at the Sanctuary of Zeus and the original idea to protect and unify the Peloponnesos region. Early support for the idea of the park was offered by Anastasia Panagiotopoulou, Director of the 5th Ephoreia of Antiquities from 2003. David Gilman Romano is the Co-Director of the excavation project and the Director of the Initiative to create the heritage park. Early support at the village level was the original impetus to work seriously towards the goal of a heritage area. The importance of an early meeting in 2005 with Costas Cassios, former Director of the Forestry Service of Greece and National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Professor, in the early development of the park proposal and later with Mark Davison, a park planner from the USA in 2006, and the resulting working relationship with two professional park planners of international renown is documented. The proposed park will extend over a mountainous area at the junction of the prefectures of Elis, Arcadia and Messenia, a region of major archaeological, historical and geological interest. The initiative, which had a goal to protect an area of cultural significance, outstanding natural beauty, and rich archaeological sites, while encouraging local communities to continue living and working within the protected landscape. Since then, the planning team has engaged in mapping the natural and cultural assets of the area through desk and field studies, has embarked on outreach activities, and has developed catalyst projects at the local level hoping to facilitate sustainable development and cultural sustainability. Acknowledging trails as an element of local cultural heritage and as a vehicle in promoting sustainable ecotourism and achieving cultural sustainability, from the outset, the creation of trails was established as the main catalyst project of the team. The vehicle to create these trails and set the example is the Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School, that has been running officially since 2011 under the direction of David Gilman Romano. The aim of the Field School is to train Greek and American students in the design and management of heritage parks, but also to actively involve them in the creation of the
Parrhasian Heritage Park. Mark Davison has served as Associate Director of the Field School and in 2011 we were joined by Nota Pantzou, an archaeologist and cultural heritage specialist with family ties to the region who teaches at the University of Patras. She is Associate Director for Community Outreach and Ethnography. Each year she brings with her Greek students as participants in the Field School and she organizes various community events and represents the local community. Most recently since 2014, Dimitris Papakonstantinou, on the teaching faculty of the NTUA, has been working intensively on the legislative efforts necessary to formally create the Parrhasian Heritage Park through the Ministry of the Environment. As Director of Park Planning he has led the current effort to have the Park recognized as an environmentally protected zone. In conclusion, we have the opportunity to create a unique cultural heritage park in Greece and in Europe and one which would be attractive to tourists from all over the world. It is a proposal that began at the grass roots level in the villages, and it has expanded to the local towns, cities, regions and the national level. We hope that this conference will provide more avenues for the Park to become a reality.
Cultural Heritage, Arcadia, Elis, Messenia, Heritage Trails
Βιβλιογραφια
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Εικονεσ
1_ Άμστερνταμ. Φωτ.: Ν. Καραχάλης.
2_Λισαβόνα. Φωτ.: Ν. Καραχάλης.
3_Νέα Υόρκη. Φωτ.: Ν. Καραχάλης.
Bibliography
_Countryside Agency and Scottish Natural Heritage. (2002). Landscape character assessment: guidance for England and Scotland. Countryside Agency.
_Davison, M., (2008). Planning for the Parrhasian Heritage Park: Protecting, Providing and Promoting a Heritage Area in an Ancient Landscape. Στο D. G., Romano, & M.E., Voyatzis (Επιμ.), Planning for the Future. The Parrhasian Heritage Park of Peloponnesos. University of Arizona, Ephoreia of Antiquities of Arcadia. _Gilbert, C., Page, R., & Dolan, S. (1998). A Guide to Cultural Landscape Reports: Contents, Process, and Techniques. National Park Service, US Department of the Interior.
_Romano, D.G., & Voyatzis, M.E. (2010). Preserving Ancient Arcadian Heritage: Proposal for an Archaeological Park. Στο P. Carlier & C. Lerouge-Cohen (Επιμ.), Paysage et religion. Mélanges offerts à Madeleine Jost, (σσ.) 41-54. De Boccard.
_Roy, J. (2013). The Parrhasians of Southwestern Arkadia, Classica et Mediaevalia, 64, 5-47.
_US National Park Service. (2019). National Heritage Area Feasibility Study Guidelines. https://www.nps.gov/subjects/heritageareas/upload/ NHA-Feasibility-Study-Guidelines_FINAL-Revisions-2019_508-compliant.pdf
Images
1_The Parrhasian Heritage Park of the Pelo1_Working Parrhasian Heritage Park Trail Map, 2023. Photog.: M. Davison.
2_Neda River Walking Trail Assessment Hike, August 2023. Photog.: M. Davison.
3_Opening Ceremony for the Trail of Pan, 2011. Photog.: M. Davison.
4_Parrhasian Heritage Park Kiosk during the Lykaion Games, 2017. Photog.: M. Davison.
5_Pan Trail Maintenance Assessment, 2022. Photog.: M. Davison.
6_Installation of Trail of Pan Trail post, 2022. Photog.: M. Davison.
DAVISON Mark1, MAHONEY Kyle2, KERNER Kya3
1 Senior Planning Manager, City of Boulder/ Associate Manager. Parrhasian Heritage Park
2 Assistant Professor of Classics, Swarthmore College/ Associate Director of Historical Studies. Parrhasian Heritage Park
3 Αrchitect / Landscape Character Assessment Coordinator. Parrhasian Heritage Park
Path, Oak, Eagle : The Story of a Trail Network Through the Parrhasian Heritage Park
Sinopsis
The trails of the Parrhasian Heritage Park –a mycelial network that unites the ancient past with present day lived experiences– offer you the chance to explore the landscape of a thoroughly sacred place. These trails tell the story of a forgotten past, lead you on to new discoveries, and ultimately bring you back into harmony with yourself and nature. This presentation covers the planning and development of a trail network in the park focused on mapping the landscape character using European Union guidelines, and rediscovering ancient trails that once connected the villages of Mts. Lykaion, Tetrazi, Minthi, and the Neda River Gorge as a way to reinvigorate the area and create sustainable tourism that will benefit the local community.
Abstract
The trails of the Parrhasian Heritage Park –a mycelial network that unites the ancient past with present day lived experiences– offer you the chance to explore the landscape of a thoroughly sacred place. These trails tell the story of a forgotten past, lead you on to new discoveries, and ultimately bring you back into harmony with yourself and nature. Park planning has initially focused on mapping the landscape character using European Union guidelines, and rediscovering ancient trails that once connected the villages of Mts. Lykaion, Tetrazi, Minthi, and the Neda River Gorge. With these trail discoveries and understanding of the region’s character, planning for the trail network began in earnest, leading to the design and implementation of the first phase of the trial network focused around the Altar of Zeus on the southern peak of Mt. Lykaion.
The Park’s trails move through a landscape rich in history, taking you from prehistoric mountaintop shrines to Classical temples and Byzantine churches, and from pastoral and agrarian ruins to rustic villages of the present. On many trails you ultimately emerge from the thick oak forests rich with life-giving springs into the blinding sunlight of the mountain peaks, where you catch sight of eagles as they soar across the blazing sky. This is a place where the distinct character and patterns of the landscape define the path you follow and initiate you into its mysteries.
In order to develop the trail network at the park, precedents from other trail networks were used by looking at examples from the US. The discussion therefore includes examples of trail planning, design, maintenance and management from four trail systems in the US covering the Portland Metro Regional Trails System, Valley Forge National Historical Park, Boulder Open Space and Mountain Parks, and Arcadia National Park. Covering the four US parks highlights aspects of regional trail planning, park trail design, trail construction as well as the types of visitor activities on the trails and how best to create sustainable tourism that supports an economy based on local communities.
The Parrhasian Heritage Park has emerged as a landscape that truly
reflects local community values with a values based planning process to support the generational culture that exists in the modern-day, including the unique intangible and tangible vernacular traditions of the region that have developed over time to exemplify local festivals, agricultural products, and crafts. The emerging trail network is the key to connecting villages, cultural sites, local farming and natural areas via walking, running, biking and horse riding with opportunities for environmental education and interpretive opportunities tied to Heritage Tourism.
The design techniques used to build trails in a mountainous region, the innovative applications of the EU landscape character assessment process to inform trail routes and design, and the storytelling arcs created, reveal overlapping ancient and modern identities through the experience of enjoying a connected trail system in an incredibly rich and diverse example of a human created ecologically sustainable naturescape.
Parrhasian Heritage Park, Trail Network, Park Planning, Landscape Character, Heritage Management
Key Words
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23-24
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Ερευνητής Α’, School of History, Classics & Archaeology Centre for Landscape. Newcastle
& Turner, 2023).
Διεπιστημονικα
III.
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Images
1_Images of traditional wells, many of them identified in the field and in historical cartography.
2_Map with digital elevation and delimitation of the administrative area of the Swabian parish of Pannonias, the target area of this study.
3_3D virtual reconstruction and modelling of water heritage structures.
4_Cartography showing the location of the study area on the map of the Iberian Peninsula.
5_Military map from the end of the 19th century, subsequently georeferenced and vectorized.
VIDAL GONÇALVES Gerardo1, BORGES PEREIRA Dina2
1 Archaeologist/ Historian. Interdisciplinary Research Centre for History, Culture and Society, Évora University/ Sabrosa History and Archaeology Association
2 Archaeologist. Sabrosa History and Archaeology Association
Ancestral Water Landscapes between the Corgo, Douro and Pinhão Rivers : Digital Humanities and the Enhancemento Rural Territories
Sinopsis Key Words The present study used historical cartography to vectorize, through overlay layers, the traces of the water heritage of the old high-medieval territory of Pannonias in the Alto Douro Vinhateiro. Based on the vectorized data, it was possible to observe and analyze the evolution and dynamics of the exploitation of water resources over more than 200 years. «We used the old maps and chose to georeference them…. It is on these old maps, military maps, geological maps and others that we find extremely relevant information about our water heritage».
Water Dynamics, Anthropization of Water, Water History, Archaeology
Abstract
Water or hydraulic heritage is now considered a topic of extreme relevance. Despite constant calls for attention, often without feedback, water has been, is, and will be one of the fundamental and extremely important elements. However, the extensive knowledge of the dynamics of water capture throughout history seems to be a relatively unexpressed topic in scientific literature. Only in 2023, one of the first studies on a systematic and comprehensive investigation, using new information technologies and digital humanities, of the evolution of water capture in a specific territory over an extended period, was published by the signatories of this work (Gonçalves & Pereira, 2023).
The work presented here used old cartography, its georeferencing, digitization, vectorization, chronological grouping, and systematic analysis to enable the study of the evolution of the anthropic exploitation of water resources in the ancient medieval lands of Pannonias, between the municipalities of Sabrosa, Alijó, and Murça, in the Alto Douro Vinhateiro, classified by UNESCO as a World Heritage site, over more than 200 years.
Water,
Εικονεσ
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ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΑΔΟΥ Δημητρα | anastasiadid@gmail.com
Η
ROMANO David Gilman
David Gilman Romano, Ph.D., is Nicholas and Athena Karabots Professor of Greek Archaeology in the School of Anthropology at the University of Arizona where he directs the Archaeological Mapping Lab. Since 2004 he has been CoDirector and Field Director of the Mt. Lykaion Excavation and Survey Project in Arcadia, and the Director of the Initiative for the creation of the Parrhasian Heritage Park in Peloponnese. His interests include Greek and Roman cities and sanctuaries, Greek and Roman athletics, Roman centuriation and land planning and computer applications in archaeology. Dr. Romano has been a pioneer in computerized mapping, digital cartography, remote sensing and GIS in the study of ancient Greek and Roman cities and sanctuaries. Dr. Romano is the Co-Editor of the projected four-volume series on the results of the excavations at the Sanctuary of Zeus at Mt. Lykaion to be published by the American School of Classical Studies at Athens.
Nota Pantzou is Assistant Professor of Cultural Heritage: Management and Dissemination at the University of Patras, Greece and member of the collaborating teaching staff of the MA Art-Cultural Heritage-Development Policies. She received her undergraduate degree in Archaeology and History of Art from Aristotle University of Thessaloniki and her postgraduate degree in Archaeological Heritage Management and Museums from Cambridge University. In 2009 she completed her doctorate in Archaeology at the University of Southampton with grants from A.G. Leventis Foundation and A.S. Onassis Foundation. Since 2001 she has worked for and collaborated with numerous Greek and foreign Institutions and Organisations on various projects touching upon diverse topics such as archaeological heritage and museum management, archaeology of the contemporary past with a focus on traumatic heritage, and public archaeology. She has also professional experience as a scientific director and as researcher in International, EU and National funded Projects. She is assistant director of the field school «Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School». She has published her work in edited volumes, Greek and international journals and conference proceedings. She is the co-editor of the volume «Introduction to Cultural Heritage Management».
Dimitris Papakonstantinou holds a Diploma in Engineering from the National Technical University of Athens. He also holds a PHD from NTUA on «Closed Networks of ICTs in Tourism Product Management for Sustainable Development». He has been a Research and Teaching Associate at the School of Rural, Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering, NTUA, since 2000. He has long teaching experience in Physical Geography and Environment, Sustainable Use of Natural Resources, Environmental Impact Assessment, and Environmental Planning, as well as long professional experience in Planning. His research focuses on Sustainable Development and ICTs, Environmental Impact Assessment, Environmental Planning, Protected Areas Management, Sustainable Use of Natural Resources, etc.
Mark Davison is the Park Planning Manager at the City of Boulder. Prior to this, Mark led planning, design, regional trail, and environmental education efforts for Oregon State Parks and the National Park Service. His career has focused on park planning, park design, visitor experience, natural land management and environmental conservation. He has worked on numerous projects in Europe and the United States as well as been teaching at the University of Oregon and the Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School and is CoPrincipal Investigator for Park Planning at the Parrhasian Heritage Parκ, an effort to develop the first National Park in Greece. He received his Master’s in Landscape Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania and attended Manchester University in England for his undergraduate degree in Landscape Design.
MAHONEY Kyle
| kyle.w.mahoney@gmail.com
Kyle Mahoney is Assistant Professor of Classics at Swarthmore College and Associate Director of Historical Studies, Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School, where he has worked since 2010. He has worked extensively as an archaeologist in Greece, and has participated in archaeological research in Italy and Albania. He received his BA from Gettysburg College in Classics and Greek (2008) and a PhD from the University of Pennsylvania in Ancient History (2016).
KERNER Kya
| kya.kerner@gmail.com
Kya Kerner is Assistant Director of Landscape Character at the Parrhasian Heritage Park Field School. She holds a Masters in Sustainable Heritage Management from Aarhus University and has been working as an architectural designer at Fifteen Architecture + Design, with a focus on natural and cultural heritage and a professional career spanning a wide range of scales and typologies.
| sepi@ellinikietairia.gr
| greekpathsofculture@ellinikietairia.gr
| lmt@diadrasis.org
| lydiadrolia@diadrasis.org
| eageli76@gmail.com
| akatselaki@culture.gr
| stelios.lekakis@ncl.ac.uk
Mazomos Landscape and Heritage Consultants
VIDAL GONÇALVES Gerardo
| gerardo@uevora.pt
Gerardo Vidal Gonçalves is an archaeologist and historian, holds a degree in History, a Master’s in Archaeology, and is currently pursuing a PhD in History at the University of Évora and in Cultural Heritage at UNEX. He completed a scientific internship and fellowship at CONICET/IANIGLA in Mendoza, Argentina, in Dendrochronology and Dendroarchaeology, at WSL in Switzerland, and at Indiana State University in the USA. He is responsible for more than 80 public archaeology projects, European projects, and research projects in Early Medieval and Roman Archaeology. Currently, he coordinates the Archaeology Department at the Association of History and Archaeology of Sabrosa and is a member of CIDEHUS.
BORGES PEREIRA Dina
| dina.pereira@ahas.pt
Dina Borges Pereira is an archaeologist and responsible for several projects in the areas of cultural heritage, preventive archaeology, and historical research. She holds a degree in Archaeology and a Master’s in Archaeology and Environment. She is the author and co-author of several articles and book chapters and is the president of the board of the Association of History and Archaeology of Sabrosa.
ΠΑΤΣΑΒΟΣ
| filothei@simple-lab.gr
| paki@auth.gr
| dkutsumba@yahoo.com
| npatsavos@uoi.gr
| fovlachaki@gmail.com
| aphroditekamara08@gmail.com
University of Thessaly School of Engineering Department of Architecture
