A social-documentary book about young Israelis and Palestinians.
Introduction
First open up …
1
2
3
… then swing out …
… now you can read the books one by one or together.
4 In this position you can read the book from two different perspectives. One presents the Israeli and the other the Palestinian side.
On the bottom right you can see the number of the page and the name of the chapter you are actually enjoying. Yanina & Michelle
005
005
This simple triangle shows you the page number of the other book. In fact, this is an invitation to compare statements or view the whole picture.
Don’t forget! 180°
The book can be turned and used by two readers. 180°
Enjoy!
Mafalda Airport Ben Gurion
Iuna
1. Herzeliya 2. Bethlehem
Airport Ben Gurion
3. Haifa
1. Herzeliya, Tel Aviv
4. Nablus
Raphael
2. Kibbutz Ktura 3. Rehovot
5. Jenin 6. Haifa
Airport Ben Gurion
4. En Hod, Haifa, Arabe
7. Nazareth
1. Herzeliya, Tel Aviv
5. Ariel
8. Nablus
2. Bethlehem
6. Ramhallah
9. Jenin
3. Kibbutz Ktura
7. Modi’in
1 0. Ramallah
4. Haifa, Akko
8. Herzeliya
Airport Ben Gurion
Airport Ben Gurion
Airport Ben Gurion
4 4 3; 6 4 7
5; 9
1; 8 11
4; 8 5
7 3
6 10
22
2 3
This is for all young people in Israel and Palestine, who helped us on our way.
22 y.
009
Niva lives in Herzliya with her mum. She finished her obligatory army service a couple of months ago, and is currently working as a waitress to afford studying in the U.S. She will leave to New York soon.
Niva
011
“I guess Herzeliya is my favorite place in Israel. It’s my home, but it can also be annoying because there are many snobs here. And always – no matter where you live – when people hear you are from Herzliya, they mistakenly think you’re rich.”
“They say it’s Israel’s Beverly Hills, and people in High school act like it was.”
1
Mount Herzl with the statue of Theodor Herzl, who created the idea of a Jewish state in the Holy Land. 1
Niva
013
“Living in Tel Aviv and Herzliyya is like living in a bubble.”
Niva
015
The bubble
Niva
017
Niva: “Would you go to Bethlehem?” Friend: “Sure, why not?” N: “Because it’s a Palestinian village” F: “So … ? Is it dangerous or something?” N: “No, yes. Depends. If you go there screaming that you are Israeli, it is” F: “And what if I wear a dress which looks like the Israeli flag?” N: “You die.” (Laughs)
Niva
019
“There is this big, big rock star in Israel who is left-wing and for peace. He sang on this peace event that was held in 1994 or 1995. And Rabin, the prime minister then, went on stage and sang with the rock star, about peace! I mean that’s … . I feel … . I have Goosebumps, seriously!”
“And then… when Rabin got
They say there might be a se-
When I think about it, I just
curity guy that was involved
tell myself: ‘What the fuck?
shot. Fuck. It’s…. I remem-
in it. It’s scary to talk about it.
What kind of place do we
ber being a little girl watch-
There were 3 shots heard and
live in?’ But again: it’s just a
ing it from home, and I wasn’t
someone screamed ‘srak, srak’
theory. It’s a tragedy, one of
aware of all the things but…it
which means ‘its nothing, it’s
the biggest in our history.”
was… there was a big shock in
not a real bullet!’ Who the
the country and there is also a
hell would have shouted that?
off the stage… he was just
conspiracy theory that actual-
How could he shoot him when
ly somebody from the inside.
there were so many guards?
Niva
021
Niva standing in a restaurant in Herzliya, where a bomb exploded a few years ago.
“Terrorism makes you change your confidence and your feeling of security. Basically, terrorists are anarchists. I think I’m a very naive person, but people who believe in Anarchism, are not naive - they’re even stupid! That’s because human beings are naturally not like other social creatures. They need their social structure and there is no other way to keep it with anarchism.”
Niva
023
“I would say on the shellow level that the con-
belonged to the Palestinians.
flict is about territory. It’s about which land will
That was just the name of the
belong to whom. Further on thinking: it has a
land, that’s according to what I
direct connection with religion, because Jews
know. Maybe it’s not true, but
believe that this is the land which God gave
I’m pretty sure it’s like that.
them, and the conflict begins because the Arabs
There where Jews living
were here before the Jews came back. I mean,
here too but also Arabs. I
there were Jews and Arabs in Israel before.
think there were more Arabs
Before the declaration of the state, it was called
than Jews, but I really have
‘Palestina’ , but it’s not the same as saying ‘Pal-
no idea, that’s actually a
estine’. Actually, it’s a mistake: it’s very easy to
good thing to look up …”
use it for pro-Palestinian statements, but Palestina is the name of the country before it became Israel, and not because it was Palestine or it
Niva’s favorite spot, with the sea ahead and an old mosque beside.
“I’m left-wing. In the past, I didn’t like to
I don’t know much about the facts, but for me,
say it because I didn’t want to be catego-
it’s very hard to say that I don’t have stereo-
rized. I didn’t want people to think about cer-
types about Arabs. I challenge myself to break
tain things. The stereotype about left-wing
these stereotypes. I think there should be inte-
people is that they want to give away the
gration between Arabs and Jews, because I be-
country, or parts of it, and that they hate the
lieve that this is what will bring peace. It will
army. It annoys me a lot, that’s why, for a long
be very hard for Jews and Arabs to live togeth-
time, I didn’t say I’m leftwing. I used to say
er, because it’s even hard to imagine that.
I’m not left and not right; I am what I am.
For me, being left-wing means that I’m open
But now, I don’t care. I’m left wing and I’m
minded. I won’t eliminate an option unless it
not shy to say so. It’s important for people
would be very bad and put the country in danger.
to know that my attitude towards the con-
It means to doubt things the government does
flict is different. When I speak to them, they
and to investigate them before I choose what to
should know that I encourage peace above all.
believe … .that’s what being left-wing is for me.”
Niva
025
“There is a difference between being Jewish and being religious, because Judaism is an identity, not just a religion. I don’t have to believe in God to be Jewish … it’s my culture.”
“I love looking at the waves,
that I don’t want, and I think that’s be-
I surf … . Well, at least I try
cause I don’t play hard to get, unless
to. It’s nice when you surf,
I’m not interested. That’s problem
and you suddenly notice
number one. Second problem is that
this movement. I just think
I’m crazy. Many guys in Israel like
that I’m very … . natural.
classy girls, but I’m not – I’m crazy,
I don’t play games. I say
and I have no problem with it, but
whatever I want, whatev-
I think men do, maybe. Or maybe
er I feel. I don’t do things
I’m too confident or something.”
Niva
027
175
029
“ Do you know what’s the cool thing about landscapes here in Israel? You can be driving around and see a mountain, like this one here, and you’d be like ‘Oh my God! Once the Romans or the Muslims were fighting here!’. It’s the earliest of history, all kinds of atmospheres in a tiny, tiny land. It’s such a small place man! ”
22 y.
031
Salam has an Israeli passport. He grew up in Israel, but he is an Arab. “When people ask me where I come from, I tell a non-Arab, like an American, that I’m from Israel but I’m an Arab. Most Americans are too drunk to ask, but some get interested, so I explain. If Arabs ask me, I always say Palestinian. Always. I don’t really want it all, though I like it, because it makes me feel like it makes them happy to know somebody from Palestine. They also get scared man, you never know. Falasteen …”
Salam
033
Salam driving from Haifa to an Arab village called Arraba.
“They try so hard to make this land look like Europe man.” “Start looking at places now. See the area, see the richness, high buildings, sea, trees, grass, nice streets, signs, nice bars … all these things. Yesterday, I was sitting with a friend in a cafe in the town next to mine. This cafe, because it’s the newest one, looks really nice and new, and from the window, you can see the street. I was thinking: even though the cafe looks really nice, the street doesn’t look like a proper place. Why I tell you this is because of the way we build our houses. Their houses are way better. I don’t know if it’s because they have the money for it, but they always paint it out. Once we come to my area, to the north, you will see …”
"Are you beginning to see? See the difference?" “Our region is the strongest because, not that they just gave us the opportunity to choose, we fought so much to stay in this land. In our region, people fought the most. They had the power and they tried so hard, and then the Israelis said, ‘why not? Give them the piece of land.’ Our region was the strongest …”
Salam
035
“Now you see my village.” “23000 people and it’s still called a village, because in Israel, you must fulfill certain requirements to be called a city. A few days, ago I came here with my mum, and my grandma. Not my biological grandma, but I call her grandma. She told me that this whole village was just four or five houses in former times. Now, they can’t build more because they can’t get a permission.”
Salam
037
“The things you risk something for are the most important in life. Let me tell you one thing: I took a psychology class, and each student had an assignment to do. Mine was to go to a hospital, visit cancer patients, and see if they can be happy. The fact that I sat down with an old woman who had cancer, and she made me feel like she is the happiest person on earth, touched me so much. If a human being in this situation can make me feel like this, then I can learn that regardless of anything in my life, I can still be happy. What is being poor? What is being worthless? There are people who have no food and water, that’s being poor. For Arabs in the north of Israel being poor is not being able to buy a Mercedes. Can you believe that shit?�
Salam 039
Salam
041
Salam’s brother sleeping on the couch because he is tired from fasting. Salam doesn’t fast during Ramadan. “I hate arguing about religion, it doesn’t end. There is a chapter in the bible which is called songs. They are poems that even my little brother can write. I don’t understand … how holy is that? I don’t know man. I just believe in being a good person, that’s it.”
“I believe in God, but I prefer not to work according to religion. I work
said that they didn’t know what was right and what
according to principals of help-
was wrong when God creat-
ing others, living happily, and re-
ed them. He didn’t want the
specting people. If I do all these
human being to know. He
things, and people love me for
wanted to tell the human
what I do, what do I need religion
what to do and the human
for? When people ask me, I never
would do. For me, it should
say I’m an atheist because I do
have been this way. Of
believe in God and atheists don’t.
course the human greed had
I thought that if I want to think
to fuck it up. The tree they
the opposite of my communi-
ate that apple from is called
ty, I have to say things to defend
the knowledge tree. The
what I believe, therefore, I need
Devil told them: ‘when you
to read and study religion, and
eat from this tree, you will
I did. I studied about Islam
know what is right and what
throughout my whole life. I stud-
is wrong’ … and they fuckin
ied all three religions, and Islam
ate. They say that God works
is the most peaceful and realis-
in mysterious ways, so
tic one. It doesn’t come to rule
maybe sometimes he under-
politically. It came to tell people
stands that a person doesn’t
what is right and what is wrong.
want to believe so much in
The story of Adam and Eve is in
religion …. I don’t know.”
all three religions. In the bible, it
Salam 043
“As long as you can walk, think, eat
house, and they have never lived on
and you work every day to earn money,
this land, while you have been strug-
what else do you want? The prob-
gling on the same place for 63 years or
lem here is the inner peace. If you
more, and you don’t have anything like
ask the majority of Arabs here about
that … how are you supposed to feel?”
inner peace, they will tell you that they don’t, and will never, have it. That’s because of all the limitations that the government is trying to put on them. There are so many things that make you feel the other side is getting more than you. When you see Russian immigrants coming to this land, suddenly getting a house – a perfect
Salam 045
“The connection between religion and the conflict is deep. When you steal a land, like literally steal a land from its owners, they’re not going to wake up the next day thinking ‘Oh, Mohammed said this and that’, they’re going think ‘Oh my God, they stole my land! Those motherfuckers! I’m going to kill them’. So, religion does play a part, because it’s two different religions and they have some contradictions. If you look at the roots, we are cousins. Abraham had two sons: Jews descend from one, and Muslims descend from the other. I don’t know man, I don’t want to think about it.”
Salam 047
139
049
18 y.
17 y.
051
Yanina: “I don’t know how
supposed to be hard! But it's not
M: “The army makes you
often we will be seeing each other.
such a problem because I’ll get
grow up faster. I don't know,
First, I will do the basic cours-
my driving license soon, and I
sometimes it's also good.”
es, only then I’ll know how it will
will be visiting you Yanina!”
be, but I'm supposed to come home every Friday and Saturday. I don't know where I will be serving yet, it depends. It feels hard not to know.” Michelle: “It is called army, it’s
Y: “Most people want to go to the
Y: “It will be a completely differ-
army to protect their country, but
ent life for me and my friends. Most
for girls, it's much easier not to
of the boys in my class are going
go. You could say you are pacif-
to different fighting units, and
ic, or have health problems. It's
are going to be in tanks. Some of
not a really big deal, it's only a
them will go to places like Gaza.”
girl. For guys, it's not that easy.”
10 days before Yanina is going to be recruited to the army.
M: “Did you know that
belts and stuff, because the
girls go to the tailor and get
uniform is not really sexy.”
their uniform fixed, so that it looks better and tighter?”
Y: “Hey, but on guys, it sometimes is!”
Y: “Yeah, but at the beginning I'm not allowed to do that, so I have to wear the big uniform.” M: “But then, you make it smaller at the waist and everywhere you want, and use
Yanina & Michelle
053
Yanina & Michelle
055
Yanina at home, 3 days before going to the army.
Yanina’s mom “I'm a mum, and I need to take care of every-
it's far away from us … but what can I do?
body, my husband and my children. So, for me,
It’s strange for me that she has to do this
it's very difficult that Yanina goes to the army.
first course in the army. Bad conditions, ter-
Yanina choose to do professional teaching in
rible place … She has to be around weap-
the army and she will be working with chil-
ons. I don't know where she will be, what
dren. But Yanina is serious, she told me: "Mum,
she will eat. You need to call me, Yanina! ”
two years is a long period that I don’t want to waste. I want to do something of value". I'm proud of her. On the other hand, for me, it's very difficult to let her go. She will move to another flat. We don't know this place, maybe
Yanina & Michelle
057
059
On the day, when Yanina joins the army
Yanina & Michelle
061
Yanina & Michelle
063
Yanina's name on the list.
“My life will be totally different. I'll be independent, without my family, without school, and without my friends. I will have to be very responsible. It's just a totally different life. In Israel, it's like that, on one day your life changes to the life of an adult.�
Yanina & Michelle
065
Michelle “Yanina is not like me … she does’t believe that war can be a solution, but I understand that. I’m different. I believe in it. It’s very important to serve in the army because if people like me won’t go to the army, who is going to protect me? Why should only someone else protect me, why shouldn't I do the same for him or for her? I really love this country, even though there are lots of things that I don't like about it, but still. Such a small country, but such big issue.“
Yanina & Michelle
067
“I think my opinion about the conflict is totally connected to living in Ashdod. Maybe that's what makes me and Yanina think so differently about it. Every Israeli teenager has a very different bubble.” “I live in Ashdod, but I'm always meeting people from the center of the country, like Tel Aviv, Herzliya … and they understand nothing! They ask me: ‘What? Ashdod is bombed?!’ And I'm shocked, like, ‘Yes, and you should know about it. You are part of this country. It's one hour away from your house’. People live in their own bubble, and this is what makes me so upset. It's one hour, one fucking hour away from them! And still, living here means living in a different reality. It’s sad, but I’m used to it. If I sit here with you and there is a serene that is saying that there is going to be a rocket in 45 seconds, I will be used to it, and I will run in these 45 seconds to find a shelter. For you though, it will be strange like, how can you be so used to it?!”
Yanina & Michelle
069
“We would run.” “I would take you and we would run inside and find a shelter. There are signs that say ‘shelter’. The signs are in Hebrew – nice for tourists, right? I don't think the tourists would understand what is going on, they will just think: ‘Oh my God, crazy people are running!’. Oh, and when you are outside and you have no shelter, you have to lie down until you hear the rocket. You hear it if it's in Ashdod or close to it. You hear it, and then you have to wait for like five minutes before you can go out of the shelter, because they can throw another rocket. Then, I would talk to my friends and see if everything is okay, and we'd be happy there is no school tomorrow. It’s so sad. I'm telling you this while laughing, but it's very sad. I really can't tell it to you in any other way. I'm not afraid of it, I just really want people to be aware of it.”
Yanina & Michelle
071
Michelle in her shopping mall, the sign shows the way to the closest shelter.
“I remember the first one.”
not knowing where to but actually, at first, we laughed.
“I was at home, alone. I was 14 or something. I turned on the TV, and they
When we were in the shelter, me, my friend, and her
said something about a war that start-
brother, we just thought
ed with Gaza, it was in 2008. Then, my
about what we're going to do
Mum called me to ask if everything
next. Then, we were shocked
was okay, and I was like, ‘yea why not?',
that Ashdod was on TV. Yes,
and she told me there is going to be a
before that, it was a normal
serene and that I shouldn't panic. I was
place and since this day, it
taking all of my important things and
happens all the time.”
went to my friends house. I remember, we were sitting in her room, and then we heard a serene. We started to run
Yanina & Michelle
073
“Sometimes, I feel afraid to say that I'm from Israel when I'm abroad. I have this necklace, it's a Magen David, the Star of David, and I take it off when I’m abroad in order not to have problems. I'm not religious, and I don't know which God I believe in, but every person believes in something. It can be in yourself, your family, friends, whatever. The necklace is not the symbol of Judaism, maybe it's the symbol of Israel for me. Israel just makes me feel like home.”
Yanina & Michelle
075
Yanina & Michelle
077
Michelle decided to do the portrait in the nowhere, because that's how she feels about her opinion towards the conflict. “I am left-wing, but sometimes, I have right-wing opinions. Not about Arabs, but about the land. The left-wing opinion is to give the Palestinians our territory, and sometimes, I don't want that. I think something should happen, but I'm not sure what. It's very strange that I'm a patriotic person, but I'm also left-wing.�
Yanina & Michelle
079
113
081
Caravan Guys, Tali & Jani, Porat & Family
083
Ariel – The biggest Jewish settlement in the West Bank. Jewish settlements in the Palestinian territories are illegal under the international law. Under Israeli law, most of them are legal. One of them is Ariel, which is a settlement-city and the biggest Jewish residential area in the West Bank. The West Bank is called “Judea and Samaria Area” by the settlements’ inhabitants. People move to places like Ariel for different reasons like religion, Zionism, governmental support or because Ariel University accepted them.
Ariel
085
The caravan guys A group of students from Ariel University that live in caravans. Most of them are not originally from this area, and the stories and reasons how they ended up here are really different.
GAL “I can’t be so egoistic, but of
I feel bothered by everybody
which the Romans occupied
course, I would take the hole
that calls this area ‘territories’.
when they exiled all the Jews.
land, including Gaza and
I correct everybody who says
There wasn't any Arab person
the West Bank. Give them
that. It’s Samaria, I don’t live
here, any Muslim at all … .
Gaza but just give us peace
in ‘the territories’ or in a ‘set-
just Romans and Jews. When
I came here to study. Ariel
tlement’. I live in Ariel, and
the British conquered it, they
accepted me because they
it’s an Israeli city. There were
used the name ‘Palestine’, but
give a chance. I feel that
no Palestinians here before
it has no connection to the
being here in Samaria as
the 1970’s, when Arafat called
people who live here today.”
Jew is very important to me.
them Palestinians. Palestine
It has a Zionist reason.
never existed, it was just a place
Ariel
087
“I’ve lived in Netanya before I came to this area. When the Second Intifada started, there were lots of suicide bombings. I’ve been volunteering with Magen David Adom (the Israeli emergency medical services). We had a dinner together in the park, and there has been a suicide bombing one minute before we got there. Lots of people died. A lot of screaming, blood … I had a trauma. I went to the hall, and my mouth was opened. I couldn't move. I couldn't believe my eyes. Because of those actions, Israel began to construct some segregation fences. Palestinians destroyed the fences to go to Israel, so we put some soldiers there. They started to shoot our soldiers, so we had to do more to keep ourselves safe.”
“I don’t feel safe here. Even
the scenario of how it would
though we have a big army,
be like if Arabs would conquer
we are surrounded by ene-
us. It would be like in middle
mies. Everyone hates us, every-
ages. The men will be killed,
one wants us to be dead. In
the women and girls sexually
their opinion, the sea is the
abused and when they get tired
only good place for us.
of them, they would kill them
My biggest fear? To be dead. If
too. That’s how it’s going to be.
they manage to conquer Israel
It’s a very dark scenario, but I
and defeat our army, all Jews are
really think this would happen if
going to be dead, and their wives
they conquer us. It’s not extraor-
are going to get raped. That's
dinary; they just really hate us.”
Gal in his caravan “I’ve been to Gaza. When I
our peoples’ houses, they didn't
and do some kind of propa-
was in the army, I had to force
get any compensation, and
ganda to make other soldiers
Jewish people out of their
now they live in caravans and
do the same. I should have
houses. It was really bad. When
we still get more rockets. I had
joint those settlers who fought
you are in the army, you don’t
a good time in the army. It’s
for their homes. I was very
think too much. You just do
not always what you think,
young, that's my only com-
what you are told to do – that's
‘killing and bombing’. It was
fort. I’m afraid something like
what the army means. In those
a nice time, except when I
this could happen in Ariel.”
times, I didn't see things like
had to keep the settlers out of
I see them now, what I did in
Gaza. Of course I regret that! I
the army was very odd. We
always think about it. I could
gave Gaza back. We destroyed
have just taken off my uniform
Ariel 089
Gal’s girlfriend, before and after she gets ready to leave the caravan’s to visiting the religious settlement her parents live in.
Ariel
091
“Lies! The media lies! The media
Gaza Strip. But before that hap-
pictures us and the soldiers like
pened, the soldier talked to him for
man-hunting monsters! It’s not
like 10 minutes, and asked him to
right! We are a humane country, and
stop and to go away. In the end, the
we want it to be quiet. The media
media showed it like the Norwegian
takes pictures of us in the worse way,
was a good guy who came to help,
in the worse moments! For exam-
and the soldier simply hit him.�
ple 2 or 3 months ago, there was a video in the news that showed an Israeli soldier hitting one Norwegian guy with his gun near the
Ariel 093
“Ariel made me feel like this. I came here for Zionist reasons, and since I came, the Zionist in me was growing exponentially. It also contributes to my opinions, my statements, and my actions.”
“I’m not afraid. I don’t need to be. It’s my country and I don't need to be afraid at home.” “Humans are adaptable. If the Palestinians would take control of this place, I would go somewhere else and I would be happy there!”
Ariel 095
TALI, JANI AND THEIR SON “We don’t want war, of course not. We just want all of Israel, as the Torah says. It’s not just as the Israel we know today, it’s much more than that: with Jordan, Syria, and Sinai. That would be our wish. We are open with Arabs, even though the Torah says that they shouldn't live here. It says that it’s our country, and only Jews should live here. We respect people who are here. They can live here, but it's our land. The conflict is only about land and religion, because we have been fighting for this land for 2500 years. We will continue, and nothing will change.”
Ariel
097
Porat Porat was born to a religious family, but he became secular. In the army he had a very important job in a combat unit. After all these years of being in a tank, he needed a break, so he went to the U.S. and Europe to sell hair products (he even had a gay fake-identity called ‚Leo‘, because it was much easier to sell these things). He came back to Israel and started to study in Ariel University.
Ariel 099
There's a no-man's land between Ariel and the area that is under the control of the Palestinian Authorities. During the week, Palestinian people are allowed to come once and water the olive trees. They can’t harvest the olives, but they still feel responsible for the trees. On weekends, only Jewish settlers are allowed to come here and go hiking. There is empty land, fence and wild horses all over the place. Nobody really knows whom all of these belong to.
“For me, being Zionist is to believe in this land and that it belongs to the Jewish people. The word Zionism comes from a mountain in Jerusalem which is called 'Mount Zion'. You don’t have to be Jewish to be a Zionist. You can be from Uganda and be Zionist. Bob Marley was a Zionist, it's just people who believe this should be a Jewish state.”
Ariel
101
“Basically, in the 19th century, Palestine was very
again after 2000 years, but the Arabs said no. In
empty. There was one million people, even less
1948, their militaries attacked us, and after that,
than a million people. Some Jews never left Pal-
we got bigger and bigger because of the territo-
estine before the Roman’s time, but most people
ries we captured. The Palestinians, the Arabs,
here were Arabs. Palestinians were only 200–300
wanted to kill innocent people. Jewish people
thousands, not more. And once Jews came from
used to get attacked and killed, while the Jews
Europe, America, Yemen, Morocco and Tunisia
almost never attacked a civilian or killed some-
in the 20th century, a lot of Arabs came as well.
one. Sometimes, bad things happened that are
When the United Nations decided in 1948 for a
not supposed to happen, but first: it’s war, and
Jewish state, Israel was supposed to be very small.
second: they did much worse things than us.”
The Jews accepted the offer to have a country
Ariel
103
Porat's brother and his family are religious. Porat went to their house to join the ritual to end Shabbat (the holy Jewish day, from Friday night till the sunset on Saturday).
“I grew up in a religious family,
still wear a Kippa, but I hate
keep lying to my mother, so
but in the past 10 years, I
it. It was a process. It began
I told her that I don't want
stopped being religious. Some-
with going to the streets with-
to be religious anymore.”
times, you understand that
out a Kippa. It was weird. You
even if there is a God, you don’t
start going to smoke a ciga-
want to go by the religious
rette on Shabbat, therefore you
rules. They don’t have sex, they
light a fire, and you see that
don’t go to parties on Friday,
God doesn't strike you down.
and they don’t drink. When
You take your car and go to a
I’m at home, I sometimes
party. It’s a process. I couldn't
“Everybody looks at their nails to be reminded of the first mistakes humans did: Adam and Eve were covered with nails all over. After they ate the apple, God gave them skin as a punishment.”
Ariel
105
“I'm proud to live in a settlement. A
non-religious people gave them Gaza,
lot of people who hear that I live here
and everything got worse, and the re-
think it's so dangerous, but I would
ligious people knew it! We always say,
say ‘it's dangerous, but I believe that
here in my settlement, we protect the
it's mine!’. They are not supposed to
Tel Aviv people! It's fun because if we
live here … like … go out of here!!! The
would not live here, Arabs would live in
Israeli people have a conflict between
here, and launch rockets to Tel Aviv. We
left and right: right are most of the re-
keep Arabs out of the center of Israel!”
ligious who say this is our land. We are right-wing, and most of the Tel Aviv and Herzliya people are left-wing! The
Porat’s niece “I think they shouldn't be here, and they think I shouldn't be here. What do I really want? That they will not be here anymore. Whenever we travel in our land, we see Arab villages everywhere. In Jerusalem, there is even a temple for them. So I think ‘go away!’. We always say, if they go, we won't have any problems! They have 22 Arab countries, we have only one. This is why Israel is here. We have nowhere to go. They came from their countries, and they can go there. It's almost the same language, it's the same religion, so what is the problem?”
Ariel
107
“There was a very good doctor and a very good person, and he helped Jews and Arabs in this area. There was one night, I think I was 11 years old, when the Arabs called him to come quickly and he went there, but there wasn’t any sick people and they killed him. His granddaughter is in my age. It was really shocking. I think in here there is a lot of, like 5 or 6 people who died due to terror attacks that we know. When this happens, you just don’t know what to do. A year and a half ago, there was a terror attack in Itamar. There is lots of attacks there because it’s really close to the Arabs. A little girl, 12 or something, came back home and she found two of her brothers, their baby sister, and the parents killed. Just killed in the house. One Arab from the villages next to them just shot the people. The baby started to cry, and he shot it too. He didn’t see the other 2 kinds in the other room. We have been told that the family was killed, and they have a girl that is 12 years old left. We sat at our house and we asked ourselves ‘who are they?’. It was on Shabbat, so we couldn’t check the TV or the internet. We couldn’t find out anything, it was really scary. The minute Shabbat was over, everybody went to the computer to check who it was, because everybody knows everybody here.”
Ariel 109
In ‘Purim’, the Jewish version of Halloween, the girl's from her school had to dress up as the staff of a hospital, nurses, doctors, patients … She decided to go as the Arab cleaning woman.
Ariel
111
Porat “Until I joined the army, I was very
kill them …’. I was against Arabs, but
right-wing. I thought that this is our
I was also against a solution. Then, I
country, not because this land is the
joined the army. I saw the reality in the
promised land, but because the Jewish
field. Once you are in those areas and
people used to live here until 2000 years
you see Palestinians, you see that 5 or
ago. This is ours. We were kicked out
10 % of them are terrorists, but 95% are
of here, but once we could come back,
innocent. They just want to go to work,
why should I share it with anyone? Plus,
make money, feed their families, and
I grew up in the Intifada. There were
go back home. When you are young,
bombings every second day. Buses ex-
you see things really black and white,
ploded, friends died in these attacks,
and then, you start seeing more colors.”
and so the feeling of ‘this is mine' got stronger. ‘This is mine, and I fucking hate them, so fuck them, bomb them,
Ariel
113
063
115
“This is one of the places I really like, but they’ll start building new things everywhere which makes me so mad! I really love sitting here with friends or alone.”
16 y.
117
Gil
119
“No, I'm not so looking forward to it. I mean, I'm going to be in the army, definitely.”
“I just see it as part of where I live and something I have to do. I don’t like everything they do in the army, but I want to do something that is meaningful, that helps. I already had the army tests. There is a physical and a mental test, and I was so nervous before doing them. I talked to my friend, and I was like: ‘I’m gonna fail. They’ll put me as a guard or something.’56 is the highest score, and I got 56 … I really don’t know how I did this! What would I do if I had a choice? I don’t know. I thought about it a lot. If it would be in the current situation, and I have the choice, I would go anyway because I think it’s important. Not for shooting Arabs or something, there is more than that. If you apply for a job, they’ll ask you what you did in the army. It’s hard for those who decided not to go.”
Gil
121
“I just get burned here all the time, I get red. Only very few times I get
both sides. I get laughed at because most people are half Polish, half you know,
tanned…like this now: its tanned!
from Morocco or something. Ashke-
I wish I was browner. It’s really the
nazi (European background), Sephar-
prettiest! You know, when one part-
dim (Middle Eastern background) all
ner is white with blue eyes,
got mixed, but I’m completely Ashke-
and the other partner is all brown:
nazi. I don’t feel connected to Poland a
their children tend to have dark skin
lot. I don’t speak the language, but my
and light eyes. They are so beautiful.
grandparents speak Russian, German,
My family’s background is Polish from
Polish, Yiddish, Hebrew and English.”
Gil
123
In Israel, it’s very common that students in Gil’s age go on a trip to Poland. “You go to Auschwitz with friends, so it’s also fun. During some days it was harder and more difficult. There are two types of guides: one that tries to make you cry – makes you feel, forces you to push it. The other one is more neutral, and makes you think about it yourself. My guide was like the second type. I’m happy I went there. Some of my friends didn’t go because it was too hard and emotional for them. For me, this is about understanding, and it’s a part of living in Israel. We also had talks with Holocaust survivors before we went. We had to take 40 hours of preparation because you can’t go there unprepared. We have lots of security personnel when we go to Poland. They have to report to Israel every half an hour where we exactly are, and there is a man that checks the place before we can go there. Another thing: everything is so green there, it’s like …. how could that be?!”
Gil
125
Shabbat barbecue at Gil’s family house. “I’m really into holidays. It has so many faces apart the religious. For example, my family: we don’t eat meat and cheese together. We eat Kosher food at home, but we do drive on Shabbat. In the evening, we have a big family gathering, but Shabbat itself is more of a vacation and a family day. For religious people, Shabbat means a whole different thing.”
The view from the balcony of Gils family, with lights from the West Bank. You can separate the Arab from the Jewish “settlements� by the colors of the lights, as they explained.
Gil
127
089
129
David, Itay, Gay, Idan & Mila
131
Kibbutz Ktura is located in the middle of the desert close to Israel’s border with Jordan. The inhabitants and international volunteers of the Kibbutz work really hard despite the heat to make the desert grow. In Israel, there are societies of people who live together communally, keeping to socialist principles of equality. In the early 1920’s, immigrants built the first Kibbutzim (plural of Kibbutz) in the land now known as Israel. Each member of the Kibbutz (a Kibbutznik) is to be treated equal, from the cleaning woman to the manager. Kibbutzniks work together collectively for the good of all. The results of their work and the profits of the Kibbutz are shared by all members. Nowadays, only a small percentage of the country’s population lives in a Kibbutz, but they are an integral part of Israeli society.
Kibbutz
133
04:30 Sunrise at Ktura
David, 15
David was born in the Kibbutz. Every day in the summer vacations, he wakes up very early to work a few hours before breakfast.
Kibbutz
135
05:30 Preparing today’s meals.
Kibbutz
137
Kibbutz
139
07:13 Breakfast in the dining room.
“Growing up in a Kibbutz is a total different thing from growing up in a city. It’s hard to compare it. It’s sort of a bubble here, but it’s also a bubble over there, because people in the city have no idea how a Kibbutz works. They are really fascinated when they come. The hole money-and-business issue … you hardly feel it here.”
Kibbutz
141
09:00
Everyone in the kibbutz has his/her own working area. Laundry, kitchen, garage, farming, tourism … . David does the gardening and he loves his job.
“The conflict is everywhere, you know, you run into it all the time … . But, the actual conflict itself is very hard for me to understand. I do understand some issues, the history, the division of the land, that the Arabs are really unhappy with it. A war broke out, and since then, we have a conflict. But before, we were in a good relationship with each other. The first Kibbutzim were build next to Arab villages … things like that.”
Kibbutz
143
Kibbutz
145
10:00 Idan, a volunteer from South Africa has one of the hardest jobs with working in the garage.
Kibbutz
147
11:20 Outside of the Kibbutz, a 10 minutes walk from the Jordanian border.
"I loved growing up in a Kibbutz, it's much better than anywhere else.” “I feel free here. I have a lot of space, there is a fence, and within this fence, I can do whatever I want. I feel close to the ground here. I’m a Zionist. I feel proud I’m going to the army. I want to build and have a family here. I feel proud I’m Israeli, and I want this country to get very high.”
ITAY, 17 "What comes into my head
tinians came into his house and start-
tian Pharaoh 4000 years ago. A lot of
when I think of Palestinians?
ed to stab him because he was Israe-
people never saw a Jew, and still, they
They are my cousins, they
li. There was a suicide bomber and he
hate us. Once, somebody went into
are exactly like me. They are
died. I was 7, and I had a close connec-
my mum’s room in college in the U.S.,
people, and we are people. I ac-
tion to him before. I want peace. Israel
and touched her hair while she slept
tually play soccer with them –
wants peace, but seriously, you can’t
to see if she has horns – like the devil.
Palestinians, Bedouins, Arabs,
make peace with terrorists. I get mad.
Do you understand how crazy
Jewish Israelis, all together. But
Whenever I hear about terrorist attacks,
people in the world are?”
in the Second Intifada, it was
I get mad, and I get more right-wing.
different. My uncle was living
There always has to be someone to
in Jerusalem, and two Pales-
hate us, Jews. It started with the Egyp-
Kibbutz 149
Kibbutz
151
15:00 Most people in the Kibbutz take a break during the hottest time of the day. They rest or join Kibbutz activities such as water-aerobics for women.
Gay grew up in the Kibbutz. He works as the pool guard this summer, but he plans to leave soon for Eilat, the close-by city.
"I see myself Jewish, because that's how I was born, but I would prefer if there would be no religion at all. It [religion] just creates conflicts, wars, and people die because of it. We just don’t need that."
Gay, 26 “My school was the most quiet school
by doing crazy stuff. They are more
you can imagine. There was never any
peaceful inside. It could also be that
incidents of people fighting with each
the kids here grow up together. We see
other, shouting or throwing water bal-
each other every day, everyone knows
loons at teachers, or whatever kids do
everyone since we are babies. Practical-
in Israeli cities. The Kibbutz is like a
ly, relationships between Kibbutzniks
bubble, and the atmosphere and envi-
never happen. You feel like brothers and
ronment are very special. Warm, wel-
sisters.”
coming and loving, kids grow up very differently. They don’t feel like they have to prove something to the world
Kibbutz
153
15:30 Mila and Idan finished work for today.
Mila, 17 “I’m from a city and I wanted to try to live in a Kibbutz. I like the heat and the people. The work is okay, I don’t like it so much. I don’t know, it’s really relaxing here. Your head gets clean from the city.”
Idan, 23 “We met in the Kibbutz two
finally move to Israel. Me and
months ago. I was very con-
Mila will stay together, we will
nected to her. I went to her
see each other all the time.
and made the first step. After
What do I think about the con-
I leave the Kibbutz, I will go
flict? I want everybody to live
back to South Africa and stay
together and be friends. If it
there for 3 months, and then,
is meant to be, it will be … ”
Kibbutz
155
“My father is American, born in Long Island. We speak english at home. His parents are also American, but with a Hungarian background. My mother is from Israel, but her dad is South African and her Mum is English. I was born here, in the Kibbutz, and I feel like I’m very lucky to grow up in a place like this. I can’t see myself living in a city, it’s too hard to imagine.”
Kibbutz
157
16:00 The kids from the Kibbutz chilling in the youth center after work.
David: “I feel very connected to Israel and I’m very, very proud of my nationality. Just to learn about all the struggles the people went through, how hard people worked to found this country, makes me proud to live here.”
Kibbutz
159
Kibbutz
161
20:00
David: “My parents work in the Kibbutz, and
about 2000 shekels for every person
most of the money they earn goes back
each year, but most of my clothes are
to the Kibbutz for electricity, food, water
not bought. We have a clothes stor-
and pretty much all our needs. Some
age room and there is a bunch of
of the money goes to their personal
used clothes. If my clothes get too
budget, which they can use to buy a tel-
small, I just throw them there and
evision or a toaster or … . I don’t know.
somebody else can take them!”
And then, there is a clothes budget of
Gay: “My parents are Russians, and they came from
when the kids in kindergarten talked Hebrew
Moscow. They came here not because of Zi-
with me, and I answered in Russian. I wasn’t
onism, but because Russia wasn’t easy or good
accepted at first, then I learned Hebrew, and I
for anyone, specially for Jews. There was a lot
felt so ashamed to talk to my parents in Rus-
of anti-Semitism, and my Mum wanted to
sian because I thought other kids would laugh
live in peace, somewhere where she wouldn’t
at me, so I told them not so speak to me in
get discriminated against. They came here, to
Russian anymore. A few years later, I took it
this Kibbutz, with me when I was 1 ½ years old.
back, because I realized that it’s important to
They wanted a quiet, safe, and peaceful envi-
receive the language. I don’t want to lose it.”
ronment for me. I don’t feel any connection to Russia anymore, just the language. I remember
Kibbutz
163
Kibbutz
165
Kibbutz
167
“I do understand the urgency for Israel to be an exclusively Jewish state. This is our state, we just founded it and so much here is really hard work. I’d love to see Arabs and Jews speaking the same language, working in the same jobs, doing the same stuff … that’s what I really want. The problem is that everybody wants something else, a different thing. I think the One-State Solution is the best idea. Isn’t Europe like that? With open borders and everything.”
Kibbutz
169
“I want to be able to live in this Kibbutz. I need something to stimulate me, I need to run away from home in South Africa. I work here, but I don’t care what happens to the Kibbutz. What made me come here is the wish to grow somehow, but I don’t know what that can be.”
23 y.
171
“I want to say that it’s too much stress. I even get stressed talking about this conflict thing. I want to go, but I also want to try to stay. I love myself more than I love anyone else, and my heart is bleeding for the people who worry about what’s going to happen in this conflict. I love me. I’m super good-looking. I love how strong I am, how powerful, how confident, and how sexy. I’m so rich, attractive, happy …” Aron
173
“I’m religious in many different ways. I’m religious in my heart and my soul. I’m Jewish, although I have eaten food that is not kosher. My family is not Jewish, but I am, and I feel it in my heart. I practice religion in some ways. I brush my hair, and I brush my teeth. Sometimes. Actually, I want to talk about that. Sometimes I feel I should brush my teeth more often. It’s very important. I need to brush my teeth.”
Aron
175
“We are young, we are free, we may dance.”
“The sun may rise in the east at least, but it settles in the final location. It’s understood that Hollywood sells Californication. Other way I try to say: I’ll be there I’m standing in the line for the show tonight and there is a light on, a heavy glow. By the way, I try to say, I’ll know you, waiting for, By the way, I try to say: I’ll be there.”
Aron
177
195
179
18 y.
181
Liann lives in Ein Hod, a village that used to be Arab before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. Now, it is a village where Israeli artists live. Liann moved from New York to Israel when she was 12. To enter Ein Hod at night, you must have a code on your phone in order to open the gate.
Liann
183
“If Palestinians would knock on my door … … and say this was their grandma’s house, I’d tell them: sure, it was your grandmother’s house, now it’s my house … and my house in New York is now somebody else’s house! Of course, I would show them around. If they want to see it, they can! Where you used to live doesn’t define who you are. A lot of people lived in this house before I did, and I bet that a lot of people are going to live in it after me! I don’t think it really matters who’s native in this country. If I moved here, and I live here now, does it really matter if my family lived here 2000 years ago?”
Liann
185
2
The wall in Liann’s house. It has probably been an Arab leader’s headquarter before. 1 The former mosque is now the main restaurant of Ein Hod. 2
“In our history book, there is a hole paragraph about how the Arabs ran away because their leaders got scared, and they followed them. It talks about all kinds of reasons they went away, and there is a really small paragraph in the book saying: ‘well, and sometimes they were kicked out’.” “Some people say we need the hole land which God promised us. I, personally, don’t agree with this ‘the hole land of Israel’ thing. God didn’t say which part of Israel we would get – he said: “you get it from this mountain to that mountain”, so who fucking cares which part of the mountain we get!”
1
Liann
187
“In the beginning, when we moved here from New York, I was really, really scared.” “When we came to Israel, everybody said that we must be really careful. Our grandma used to show us all the time where the shelter was, and told us: ‘If you hear the alarm then you have to run!’. The first time I took the train by myself, it was Thursday. All the soldiers were going home, and I was sitting in the train surrounded by soldiers and weapons. But after time passes, you get used to it … Then, the second Lebanon War came. Of course you are afraid. You are living in the middle of a war, who is not afraid? But still, I was little, and I didn’t feel it that way. It was fun for me, you know, my grandmother showed me how to cook and they kept complimenting everything I made. They tried to keep us, the kids, happy. It’s not an awful memory, and also not a great one. There were times that we had lots of fun. My whole family stayed at my house and we all slept together. And then, there were times were you had the alarms and ran to the shelter. Oh, one time during the alarms, my cake burned. I was making a cake, and then I had to run upstairs, and I wasn’t allowed to take my cake out. It was very upsetting.”
Liann
189
Liann
191
Liann
193
In December 2011, there was a big forest-fire close to Ein Hod.
“The fire was in December 2011. In the beginning, it was only far away. We were in school and saw
body had to live in uncertainty. I have a friend who’s house was completely burned down on the
this huge cloud. Some people were happy be-
first day of the fire. We’re lucky, our house was
cause they thought it was going to rain. Then,
pretty okay, just the trees burned a bit. During
they told us that some of the students can’t go
spring, you could see burned trees and pink
home because there is a forest-fire close to their
flowers everywhere. It was actually pretty.”
villages. The fire was spreading quickly, and I told my mom: ‘Maybe I shouldn’t go to ballet. Maybe I should stay home and pack some things.’ She said: ‘Oh, don’t be silly! It won’t spread till here.’ But it did. I wasn’t allowed to go home from ballet, and my family came there. We stayed at a friend’s place together. Nobody knew if their houses burnt down or not, so every-
Liann
195
Eden: “We went to this Chinese restaurant in New York,
to it, but we didn’t. It was hard.
and our parents told us that we were going to
And then, when we got here, I
move to Israel. I was 10 years old, and I didn’t
couldn’t fall asleep, because in-
really have an opinion. I mostly followed what
stead of traffic, we heard crick-
Liann did. I think I only reacted so heavily be-
ets. It was easier for Liann.”
cause I saw that Liann was doing it. We were screaming and crying. It was funny, since it was a Chinese restaurant, they give you a fortune cookie when you leave, so we both had stuff like ‘you will make new friends quickly’ or something. My parents tried to make us look forward
Liann
197
Liann and her best friend, Alon, breaking into their old school, which is in the Kibbutz Alon lives in.
Liann
199
Alon: We live in a safe area, only one missile flew above us. I remember I was playing with Ivan, and just saw the missile going above us, but it just hit the sea. I was laughing, picked a piece of cake and ran home. Not to hide in the shelter, no, just ran home to tell my parents. Personally, I’m kind of left-wing. Israel is like divided into ‘you do like Arabs’ or ‘you don’t like Arabs’. I have no problems with Arabs. I don’t think you can make a generalization that they all hate us, or they all don’t want Israel to exist. The Arabs who live here are Israelis, and even if they don’t go to the army, I think it’s fine and I don’t care about it. Still, if you have to go to the army and you have to do your job, sometimes in can be a little inhumane. It’s not an easy position to be standing at a gate screening people, and there is like 4 soldiers and 600 people that all want to get through. You have to check each and everyone. It’s actually horrible. Me, personally, I was never confronted with the conflict. An Arab never wanted to hit me because I’m Jewish or something, this never happened to me. Still, my life is affected because of the conflict, because I’m going to the army. We are aware of the conflict, we are all aware of the constant feeling that sometime war will happen. I can feel it every summer.
Liann
201
During tests for the army’s intelligence unit, they were talking about Palestinians, and the first thing they show us is a video of this Arab kid burning an Israeli flag. You see the propaganda going. They want us to think we are always in danger, they are always against us. In the army, it’s a motivation, but outside the army, it’s unhealthy to think that way. The army is not going to be fun. It’s going to be hard, it’s going to be intense, and I’m going to be angry, I’m going to be tired. But it’s something you have to do, and something that is important so for people like me, who lived pretty much in the best place in the world. The conflict is mainly two gangs that don’t even know what they are fighting for. It’s like, we are in a war with no aim and no purpose, and everyone is afraid to take the step and risk something.
Liann
203
Leeron: “Yes, of course we have a shelter in our house. Sometimes I hide there from the cleaning woman … she is weird!”
Liann with her friend, Leeron, who lives in Caesarea, one of the richest neighborhoods in Israel.
Liann
205
Liann: “I find religion a little bit ridiculous. If there is a God, I doubt he would care if I eat pork. I doubt he would care if I take the car on Saturdays, and I doubt he would care if I wait 4 hours after eating cheese before I eat meat. You can never eat cheeseburger and never eat pork! I assume, if there is a God that does care about this crap, he is a really pity God. I don’t know if there is a God or not, but I don’t think that God cares if I wash the toilet on Saturday. It doesn’t make any sense.”
Eden: “Religion, for me, is the tradition of things. I don’t really keep my religion. We celebrate the holidays, but we don’t really keep Shabbat and we don’t keep Kosher. Obviously, we don’t wear Kippas and stuff, and we stopped going to Synagogue. I consider myself Jewish, because I was born to a Jewish family. But I’m not religious.”
Liann
207
Liann 209
EDEN: “My dream solution? Personally, I would keep this as Israel, but I would, maybe, give some land to the Palestinians. I do kind of understand that they have a right to be here. I never talk about politics usually, because I can't stop fighting with myself. The problem with me is that I try to see the other side. That can be hard because once you see all sides, you have to consider, and then you have to decide … it's like … ugh its crazy! So, this would stay Israel, but there are places that we don't need so much, like the Negev desert. It's nice to walk there, but most people don't live there because it's really hard and hot. I feel kind of mean saying this, saying: ‘okay, you can have the desert.’ It's kind of impossible to settle there, it’s hard, but – oh my God, I feel so mean! My dream solution is that Israel would be in good terms with all the surrounding countries. That they won’t try to kill us all the time, and that we won't have to fight back. If we would live in total peace with the Palestinians, they could have half of the land. It feels better to know that it's yours, but if it's Palestinian, and Jewish people could live there and I could just go there and there is no trouble, then who gives a shit? If they didn't have the obsession to call all of this Palestine, if it would stay Israel, and if they wouldn't want to kill me, they are welcome to be here. They could be my neighbors. Seriously.”
Liann
211
Liann is going to do a year of social service before the army. These pictures are taken at the surprise party her friends made for her.
Liann
213
“Right-wing people believe in the whole land of Israel, and there shouldn’t be Arabs at all. Radical left-wing people believe it’s the Palestinians’ land, and we should make room for them. Middle people believe it’s not so clear – not so black and white, there is grey in the middle, and I’m ‘grey’.”
Liann
215
Liann
217
Liann in her garden, wearing her grandpa’s shirt. “My grandfather was from Belarus, and he was a Holocaust survivor. He was the one I was closest to. He had a huge stomach, and I used to drum on it when I was small. He was a blacksmith, and he made all this wooden and metal sculptures. He was a really good artist actually. He had a long beard, and long grey hair, and he had bluish-green eyes. Me and my sister used to sit in his lap all the time. His parents died, and I think he saw his mother being killed, and he heard his sister getting murdered. There are so many awful stores, but also a few nice ones like: he was hiding in the woods, freezing, and he had an infection. woman saw him, took off her daughter’s coat, and gave it to him. When he was dying, he had flashbacks. He used to say weird things when he slept. I remember the last time I was there. He suddenly started to talk in half Russian or Polish and we couldn't understand him. We got a Russian guy to help out. He was saying things like: ‘run up the hill! get the water! don't let them catch you! run, fast, fast! …’. It was really scary. He was a really good person. He became friends with everybody, despite all the stuff he went through.”
Liann
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Author Iuna Vieira Bookdesign Raphael Reichl Photos Iuna Vieira Font Regime OT Paper Munken Print Cream 15, 115 g/m2 Print die Graphische Bundeslehr- und Versuchsanstalt Vienna 2013, Š 2013 by the Authors All text is based on conversations, monologues and dialogs with the protoganists. All rights reserved. This book or parts of it must not be duplicated, saved in databases or transferred in any form without the written permission of the authors and the editor.
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