MI87 Dec 19 by Macau Inc.

澳门回归

年

20 Years of Macau’s Return 《湾区沙龙》 P20 2 0 1 9

年

1 2

月

第

8 7

期

ISSN 2305-1116

澳门开放成功的奇迹从静寂小城到世界级旅游胜地

THE MACAU MIRACLE

How a once-sleepy town became World No. 1

W W W. M A C A U I N C . C O M

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澳门汇 12/19

序言

E D I TO R ' S L E T T E R

澳门精神探

寻历史会发现，澳门历史就是一部填海扩张史：从清末至今百年，土地面积增长了三倍（现为 32.8 平方公里），填海造陆的规模和力度之大，区域无匹，投

射了自古以来澳门扩张空间、外向发展的雄心和热望。这也是客观规律和发展趋势使然。扩张空间，不止是澳门地理形状的改变。澳门回归后面向世界的开放创举，是赌

权开放，赢得了二十年飞速的繁荣扩张，澳门人均 GDP 达到亚洲榜首，走向建设世界

级的旅游胜地（详见第 46 页《澳门开放成功的奇迹》）。

澳门回归二十年的今天，正如澳门资深时事评论员郑国强先生所说的 “‘ 一国两制 ’50 年不变，如同一场足球赛，澳门赢了上半场，下半场希望还要赢。（详见第 20 页《澳门回归 20 年》）”

一带一路 ” 国家战略发展大局。当今中国对世界经济增长的贡献率居世界首位 , 是世界经济发展的引擎 , 粤港澳大湾区则是中国最活跃、最具有经济发展潜力的地区。以创新驱动推进对外开放、合作共赢 , 发挥在大湾区中的定位 , 在 “ 一带一路 ” 战略中发挥先行作用 , 澳门正逢其时 , 以融入中华民族伟大复兴的大业 , 必将使澳门得到高质量、持续健康的发展。百年艰辛 , 二十年辉煌。澳门人劈山填海 , 不断拓展新空间 , 依靠的是独特的澳门精神 : 根植华夏的传统 , 开放进取的品质，和谐包容的文化。这是澳门独特的精神财富，它将推动澳门继续实现回归之初的社会期盼：澳门明天会更好。

GRACE GENG

澳门汇 12/19

澳门下半场赢取的空间在哪里 ? 关键在于继续开放 ,—— 面向粤港澳大湾区 , 融入 “

CMY

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CMY

澳门盛事 MACAU UPDATES

湾区沙龙 GBA SALON

10 澳门国际幻彩大巡游庆回归

20 澳门回归 20 年

10 金沙星厨之夜

22 澳门经验弥足珍贵

12 澳门国际影展暨颁奖典礼

24 澳门肩负历史使命

12 故宫文物大展

28 澳门特区管治能力优势分析

14 IKEA 明年春季澳门开业

32 澳门还要赢下半场

14 澳门光影节

36 先行外向布局推动中葡平台 40 澳门文化贵在社会关怀

湾区盛事 BAY AREA UPDATES

16 2019 中国海外人才交流大会 16 2019 广州设计周 16 2019 广州马拉松赛 18 俄罗斯芭蕾国家剧院芭蕾舞《天鹅湖》 18 嵌入式智能国际大会 18 2019CBDF 世界超级巨星罗湖璀璨之夜

澳门汇 12/19

44 “ 进退三难 ” 围城待破

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封面故事 COVER STORY

特别报道 SPECIAL FEATURE

本地资讯 LOCAL NEWS

46 澳门开放成功的奇迹

74 扎根本地，心系社群

96 STELLIERS 酒店人奖 2019 年度大中华区颁奖典礼

83 企业关怀

96 2019 美高梅澳门环保远足者

90 艺术之路 92 超越界限 94 薪火相传

澳门汇 12/19

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Celebrity Chef Alliance MACAO INTERNATIONAL PARADE 2019 澳门国际幻彩大巡游庆回归

金沙星厨之夜

被

称为 “ 淮扬菜教父 ” 的名厨周晓燕，近日联同八位中国五星

总厨，匠心带来 “ 金沙星厨之夜 ”，呈

文化局主办的庆祝澳门回归祖

献中国各地名菜汇聚一席的饕餮盛宴。

国二十周年 “2019 澳门国际幻

盛宴设在澳门巴黎人五楼的巴黎

彩大巡游 ” 将于 12 月 8 日盛大举行，来

人剧场，周晓燕大师携同八位总厨别出

自世界各地及本澳的精英艺术团队将挥

心裁地在剧场舞台上为 100 位宾客精

洒创意，向观众展现今年大巡游主题 “ 一

心呈献撩动味蕾的美食盛宴，展示中国

带一路 ” 沿线国家地区的文化艺术特色。

八方菜系九道美馔。

由

九道传统中华料理分别代表上海、

表演团队将从大三巴牌坊出发与市民游

四川、山东、辽宁、安徽、浙江、广东

客一同穿越澳门历史城区的旧街老巷，然后抵达议事亭前地的繁华闹市与观众

后共聚西湾湖广场一同参与 “ 爱 · 和平 ·

及淮扬菜系。晚宴精选呈现不同地区的

近距离互动，接着巡游队伍将陆续现身

文化共融 ” 的回归庆典派对，带来 “ 年

经典且不失创意的菜式，让宾客品尝别

于南湾湖景大马路的 VIVA 嘉年华，最

度庆典，全程 VIVA” 的炽热气氛。

树一帜的中国味道。

澳门汇 12/19

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THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL FILM FESTIVAL AND AWARDS MACAO 澳门国际影展暨颁奖典礼四届 “ 澳门国际影展暨颁奖典

第

礼 ”（IFFAM）将于 12 月 5 日

至 12 月 10 日盛大举行，主办单位邀得华语影后刘嘉玲与韩国偶像金俊勉（Suho）为 “ 明星大使 ”。承先启后踏入 C

第四个年头，本届影展的精选节目内容，

连同万众瞩目的开幕电影、3 个竞赛单

元及 6 个非竞赛单元。为庆祝澳门特别

剧 ”，给予华语电影工作者更多肯定。

行政区成立 20 周年，今届影展新增 “20

今届将展映约 50 部中西电影，当

周年澳门特别展映 ” 单元，以非竞赛形

中更有首次设立 “ 短片竞赛单元 ”，并

主办单位更邀请了候选电影作品的制作

式展示以澳门作题材或由澳门制作团队

为 “ 新华语映像 ” 单元增设 5 个重要奖

人和台前幕后工作人员前来澳门，推广

CMY

拍摄的电影，同时为本澳电影引领出新

项，包括 “ 最佳影片 ”、“ 最佳导演 ”、“ 最

他们的作品。期间亦将举办电影产业交

戏象。

佳男主角 ”、“ 最佳女主角 ” 和 “ 最佳编

流会及大师班等项目。

Forbidden City Cultural Relics Exhibition 故宫文物大展

文

化局澳门艺术博物馆将于 12 月 18 日迎来澳门历年规模最大、数码互动技术最新、内涵最丰富的故宫文物大展 “ 星

槎万里 —— 紫禁城与海上丝绸之路 ”，特辟三层空间以不同展品及展示形式让观众领略中国与世界交流的壮阔历史，是二十年来规模最大的故宫特展。同时，为庆祝澳门回归祖国 20 周年，艺博馆建馆 20 周年及与故宫博物院合作 20 周年，艺博馆将于 2019 年 11 月 19 日至 2020 年 3 月 15 日优惠期内提供展览图录及文创礼品折扣，让公众感受艺博馆的文化魅力，促进艺术教育的普及化。不仅有艺术馆礼品店及故宫礼品店消费优惠、购买特定画册优惠，另有艺博馆之友、澳门教师、澳门学生持有效证件可获赠指定艺博馆画册 1 本。

澳门汇 12/19

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MACAO LIGHT FESTIVAL 澳门光影节

澳

门年度项目光影节即将回归！旅游局由 2015 年起举办 “ 澳门

光影节 ”，今届光影节将于 12 月 1 日至

IKEA Macau Store to Open in 2020

31 日举行，在澳门半岛及离岛多个景

IKEA 明年春季澳门开业

点上演，灯饰主要分布于大三巴牌坊 KEA 宣布将于澳门氹仔开设首

门分店是 IKEA 对澳门市场长期承诺立

间分店，占地面积近九万平方

下的重要里程碑。IKEA 将会在全新分

互动游戏及系列活动等，让市民和旅

尺，预计在 2020 年春季开业。全新分

店内向澳门顾客展示设计时尚、价格相

客从光影艺术的角度欣赏澳门的夜景

店提供完善的购物服务和体验。除了

宜并实用的家居布置方案。” 届时，澳

和了解澳门的历史文化。圣诞长假加

家私陈列室外，还包括 IKEA 咖啡室及

门顾客将有更多购物选择 —— 除了可到

上梦幻灯饰，相信澳门光影节必定成

瑞士美食廊等设施，让一家人都能够在

门市选购并获取更多家居生活灵感，也

为亲子游、情侣约会快闪澳门的必到

IKEA 享有愉快的店铺体验。IKEA 北亚

可配合现有的网上购物、送货及提货服

好去处。

区总经理 Adrian Worth 表示：“ 开设澳

务享更称心便捷的购物体验。

及南湾 · 雅文湖畔，让大家提早感受圣诞气氛。活动透过光雕表演、灯饰装置、

澳门汇 12/19

B AY A R E A U P DAT E S

湾区盛事

广州

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| GUANGZHOU

2019 中国海外人才交流大会

2019 广州马拉松赛 Guangzhou Marathon

2019 Convention On Exchange of Overseas Talents

广州马拉松赛由中国田径协会、广州市

海交会是中国规模最大、层次最高、影

协会赛事日历备案的中国高水平马拉松

响力最强的海外人才创新创业交流平

赛，为中国田协 A 类认证赛事。广马于

台，迄今已成功举办了 20 届，有着 “ 中国海外留学人员交流第一品牌 ” 的美誉。2019 海交会以 “ 面向海内外，智汇

人民政府主办，由国际田联和中国田径

2019 广州设计周 Guangzhou Design Week

大湾区 ” 为宗旨，以 “ 智汇、创新、共

一个时代的进步，一个国家的前行，一

赢 ” 为主题，通过开幕活动、高端论坛、

个产业的升级，一项技艺的创新，一家

展示推介、项目和人才交流、实地考察、

企业的发展 …… 无一不源于对固有模式

海外分会场等 6 大板块活动，突出粤港

的 “ 新生 ”。2019 广州设计周以 “ 新生 ”

澳大湾区建设和新中国成立 70 周年两

为主题，分美好生活设计展区、智慧照

大主线。

明灯饰展区、时尚家居软装展区、国际精品家具展区、高定全屋整装展区、建

时间：12

月 18 日 -19 日

地点：广州白云国际会议中心

筑装饰材料展区等六大展区。汇聚 20 多个国家近 1000 家企业和机构展出新产品、新技术、新商业。时间：12

月 5 日 -8 日

地点：广州保利世贸博览馆、南丰国际会展

澳门汇 12/19

中心

2012 年创办以来，专业化、国际化程度不断提高，人文内涵不断丰富，是国内马拉松 “ 双金 ” 赛事（中国田协金牌赛事、国际田联金标赛事），入选 2019 年 “ 奔跑中国 ” 马拉松系列活动。2019 广州马拉松赛将于 12 月 8 日鸣枪起跑，比赛设马拉松及半程马拉松两个项目。时间：12

月8日

地点：天河体育中心（起点）

B AY A R E A U P DAT E S

湾区盛事

深圳

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| SHENZHEN

俄罗斯芭蕾国家剧院芭蕾舞《天鹅湖》 Ballet“Swan Lake” 自 1876 年柴可夫斯基创作了不朽的《天鹅湖》舞剧音乐以来，古典芭蕾舞剧《天鹅湖》一直被视为芭蕾艺术皇冠上一颗璀璨的明珠。俄罗斯芭蕾国家剧院 (Russian State Ballet)，是俄罗斯国家文化部直属领导的国家级艺术团体，艺术总监为 “ 苏联人民演员 ” 戈尔杰耶夫。此次深圳献演，将呈现给观众最为经典的版本，让大家聆听震撼心灵的音乐篇章，观赏用足尖演绎的经典，品味经久不衰的文化盛宴。时间：12

月 20 日 -21 日

地点：深圳市少年宫剧场

嵌入式智能国际大会 International Conference on Embedded Intelligence 嵌入式智能国际大会将展示嵌入式 AI

2019CBDF China Ballroom Dance Grand Final

的未来，涵盖计算机视觉、3D 视觉，

2019CBDF 中国国际标准舞总决赛是由

医疗影像处理、语音识别、NLP、传感

中国国际标准舞总会主办的国内规模

器融合、自动驾驶等核心技术和应用。

最大、最具权威性的国标舞官方系列赛

会议将集聚全球嵌入式智能最有影响力

事，赛事结果将作为全国国标舞选手排

的科学家、企业家、思想者对领域的技

名的主要标准。这是一场集齐全年强者

术前沿、产业趋势和行业实践发表演讲。

的 “ 舞林 ” 争霸盛宴 , 也是一场汇聚全

数十家芯片、模组、工具和应用集成商

国精英的赛事，全国 20 多个省市的选

将展示最新产品，是不容错过的行业盛

手们参赛，是值得一睹的世界级国标舞

会。

冠军现场赛事表演。

时间：12

月 6 日

地点：深圳华侨城洲际大酒店

澳门汇 12/19

2019CBDF 世界超级巨星罗湖璀璨之夜

时间：12

月 11 日 -15 日

地点：深圳罗湖体育馆

湾区沙龙

G B A S A LO N

《澳门回归 20 年分析与展望》 ANALYSIS AND OUTLOOK – 20 YEARS AFTER MACAU’S RETURN

20 YEARS

of MACAU’S RETURN 澳门回归 20 年

编者按澳门回归 20 周年之际，澳门汇《湾区沙龙》栏目获得澳门学者同盟的支持合作，今期邀请了一批专家学者做客《湾区沙龙》，回顾总结澳门回归以来 “ 一国两制 ” 实践，总结特区经验，反思发展得失，冀对澳门及大湾区未来发展起到借鉴启示作用。各位专家学者从不同角度对澳门 20 年发展作了精彩的梳理分析，包括值得区域借鉴的澳门独特经验、特区管治能力优势分析、外向空间拓展的畅想、澳门未来的发展定位、赌牌展望等，特此辑发，以飨读者。

Editor’s Note On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of Macau’s establishment as a Special Administrative Region, we have asked a number of noted academics from the Macao Scholars Union to share their thoughts in this special issue. On the following pages, they break down what has been achieved under the guiding principle of “One Country, Two Systems”, and look ahead to the future. Macau’s experience has indeed been unique. Our guest writers provide an analysis of the advantages of the SAR’s governance capabilities, review the imaginative plans for Macau’s expansion and integration under the Greater Bay Area plan, consider ongoing economic development potential, and the outlook for the. concessionaires. We hope you enjoy the read.

澳门汇 12/19

The return of Hong Kong and Macau refers to the return of sovereignty [from colonial powers to China], and also the return of its people to their motherland. Achieving both has been a precious experience. Macau’s residents have long had a strong

THE INVALUABLE EXPERIENCE OF MACAO 澳门经验弥足珍贵受访者：杨允中，澳门理工学院 “ 一国两制 ” 研究中心教授

Two Systems” Research Center, Macao Polytechnic Institute

government adopted a people-oriented approach to G R AC E G E N G

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governance and actively focused on resolving livelihood issues while promoting a harmonious society and developing the economy. Meanwhile, Article 23 of the Basic Law was passed, laying a solid legal foundation for Macau’s long-term stability. The practice of “one country, two systems”

framework. It has been scientific in its formulation,

对

ety. From the theoretical stage to implementation, it has been effective.

澳门汇 12/19

在经济快速发展繁荣的同时，积极解决民生和经济发展问题，积极推进和

他称，澳门基本法是中国特色社会主义宪制性法律成功范例。 “ 一国两制 ” 创国际法制现代化先河，中国特色社会主义理论核心内涵之一，基本法

中国对人类文明的一项划时代贡献。他

它实现了理念创新向制度创新的转变。事实证明，

还说，基本法是开创社会主义与资本

澳门回归 20 年来实现了跨越式发展，向世界展示了具有

主义对垒对接成功的范例，是马克思

自身特色的 “ 一国两制 ” 成功实践：“ 一国两制 ” 具有科学性、

主义中国化、东方化、时代化的典型，

正确性、可行性、高受益性是完全行得通、办得到、得人

是辩证唯物主义与历史唯物主义认识

心的。

论创新典型。

杨允中认为，港澳回归包括：主权回归和人心回归，

杨允中称，香港今天的乱象，令

──在达致两方面的同时回归方面，澳门经验是弥足珍贵

每一个爱香港、爱国家的人痛心，但不

的。

能说香港的 “ 一国两制 ” 实践已 “ 证明不成功 ”，而是应以发展眼光、积极心

起草。在这方面，澳门前期工作达到高预见性、前瞻性，

态来鼎力支持香港实现繁荣健康发展。

充分利用过渡期的时间，为达致双回归打下了良好基础。

澳门亦不能以对立心态 “ 隔岸观火 ” ：

澳门居民由于历史传承原因，社会普遍爱国爱澳意识强烈。坚定 “ 一国 ” 意识立场坚定，能能处理好 “ 一国 ” 与 “ 两

另外，澳门向来坚持 “ 民本挂帅 ”，

于 “ 一国两制 ” 澳门回归 20 年实践，杨允中指出，

他称，澳门回归工作，应计从回归前 20 年的基本法 feasible in its execution, and highly beneficial to soci-

下了坚实的保障基础。

是 “ 一国两制 ” 载体、具体化，是当代

over the past 20 years has proved that the principle was the correct one to adopt as a governance

23 条立法，更是为澳门的长治久安打

谐社会氛围，也是非常重要的基础。

Interviewee: Yang Yunzhong, Professor, “One Country, sense of patriotism. After reunification, the SAR

制 ” 的关系。特别是澳门通过的基本法

港澳同源，本是休戚与共，应有信心共同迎接美好的明天。

澳门汇 12/19

G B A S A LO N

湾区沙龙

《澳门回归 20 年分析与展望》 ANALYSIS AND OUTLOOK – 20 YEARS AFTER MACAU’S RETURN

MACAU HAS HISTORICAL MISSION 澳门肩负历史使命受访者：陈青松，资深港澳观察人士 Interviewee: Chen Qingsong, Senior Hong Kong and Macau Observer

G R AC E G E N G 文

“ 澳

李建束

肖像

吴奕生

供图

门回归 20 年证明，一国两制的实践是成功的，”

他说，澳门回归 20 年来，中央政府对澳门给予大力支持，

资深港澳观察人士陈青松受访时这样说，“20 年

包括 CEPA 安排、粤澳合作、横琴定位发展、和通关边检

实践既有澳门特色，又有鲜明的时代标志。”

便利等惠澳政策。另一方面，澳门政府积极推动 “ 一国两

他指出，无论回归前后，澳门社团都十分活跃，爱国

制 ” 方针，在 “ 一国 ” 实践大有作为，如《基本法》23 条

爱澳社团力量非常强大，回归后，特区政府的管治能力比

立法、积极开展国家安全教育活动等，强化国家观念和

回归前葡澳政府大大加强；特区政府与以工联、街坊总会、

大局意识深入民心。政府支持各界加强与内地的紧密联

妇联、中华总商会等为代表的众多澳门社团形成了良好的

系和交流合作，使得澳门人更认知了解祖国发展，更有

沟通渠道，澳人治澳的爱国情怀得到了充分释放。特区政

亲切归属感，愈益融入内地发展的广阔空间，这也是澳

府施政核心是 “ 以民为本 ”，得到了澳门居民的广泛拥护，

门能积极响应大湾区发展、配合国家 “ 一带一路 ” 战略布

可谓是 “ 民心齐，泰山移 ”，全社会呈现出固本培源、推进

局的社会基础。

经济多元繁荣的良好局面，这是保障 “ 一国两制 ” 成功的重要条件。陈青松称：“‘ 一国两制 ’，’ 一国 ’ 是根，根深才会叶茂。”

澳门汇 12/19

其三，澳门人对司法领域实施掌控，能坚定不移地贯彻基本法为准则，良好地履行了爱国爱澳、依法治澳的职责；立法会与政府形成合作又监督的良性制衡；作为 “ 第

澳门汇 12/19

Macau’s experience of the past 20 years has laid many important foundations for the future. The governance capacity of the SAR has been greatly strengthened, while many patriotic associations have supported the government in this endeavor. Resources have been well managed and economic diversification has been promoted. The “one country, two systems” policy has been effective, and the Macau people now have a more cordial sense of belonging to the overall development of the country. This has been achieved through unity and cooperation. The judiciary has been unswervingly upholding the Basic Law; the Legislative Council and the government have formed a benign check and balance of cooperation and supervision. And the “fourth estate”, the news media, has played a role in ensuring positive social forces in Macau have been committed to integration, security, and stability. 四权力 ” 的新闻传媒则形成了以爱国爱澳为主体的舆论阵

陈青松强调，“ 一国两制 ” 作为一项制度创新，需要

地，长期以来对居民、特别是青少年提供了较全面客观的

在实践中经受检验，并不断加以完善。香港的修例风波，

时事资讯；在澳门包容并蓄的文化中，社会各阶层都能在

显示香港社会存在一些深层次的矛盾和问题，更加说明，

传媒平台自由交流，沟通意见，最终达到澳门社会力量的

完善 “ 一国两制 ” 方针，有其必要性和紧迫性。

积极整合、行稳致远。

澳门汇 12/19

因此，澳门全面准确地贯彻 “ 一国两制 ” 方针，并在

实践中不断完善 “ 一国两制 ” 制度体系，将有利于 “ 一国两制 ” 行稳致远。他说，历史将见证，这是澳门的光荣使命。正如候任行政长官贺一诚先生认为：“ 澳门要做好国家统一的样

The future of «one country, two systems» needs to be tested in practice and continuously improved. This is the mission that history has given to Macau.

板。”

澳门汇 12/19

湾区沙龙

G B A S A LO N

《澳门回归 20 年分析与展望》 ANALYSIS AND OUTLOOK – 20 YEARS AFTER MACAU’S RETURN

就

澳门特区政府 20 年施政，娄胜华认为，已累积了大量的施政实践，积累了许多经验值得总结，

有些经验相信对其它地区也具有借鉴意义。他指出：一，增强澳门居民的治理参与度澳门是个社团社会，广大居民通过社团参与社会治理。《澳门基本法》为社团参政提供了制度基础，使得社团具有参政地位。社团参政制度得到了社会广泛支持和爱国爱澳社团的响应。近年来，社团参政的深度、广度更高。从选举参与到政策倡导，无不活跃着社团的身影。因此，社团参政是澳门社会治理模式的独特性。澳门社团的特色，是结社自由、运作自主。此外，澳门特区政府财政收入充盈，特区政府推行各项举措，建设 “ 阳光政府 ”

具有为向社团提供资源的物质基础。因此，社团发展蓬勃。其次，历年来，澳门特区政府推出的公共政策咨询制

ANALYSIS OF GOVERNANCE STRENGTHS OF MACAU SAR 澳门特区管治能力优势分析受访者：娄胜华，澳门理工学院人文及社会科学高等学校教授 Interviewee: Lou Shenghua, Professor of the School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Macau Polytechnic Institute

G R AC E G E N G

文

澳门汇 12/19

C H E O N G KA M KA

供图

度，每逢重大公共政策出台前，都会面向居民、社团、社会各界人士广泛展开咨询。 2008 年，特区政府成立三个

策，促进政府与传媒及市民之间的沟通。二是 “ 阳光法案 ”

分区社区服务咨询委员会，在社区层面，就多个不同政策

的颁行。 2013 年，澳门特区政府重新制订公布了俗称 “ 阳

领域及社会服务展开咨询，打造了多元化的参政平台。

光法案 ” 的《公职人员财产及利益申报法律制度》，遵守联

二，加大施政透明度

合国反腐败公约的要求，打造 “ 阳光政府 ”、廉洁施政。按

第三届特区政府提出建设 “ 阳光政府 ”。围绕着 “ 阳光

照财产申报制度，政府官员等受监督人士的财产状况在终

政府 ” 建设，特区政府推行了下列措施：一是设立政府发

审法院网站公示。三是加强行政与立法之间的沟通，接受

言人制度；2010 年，特区政府设立了直辖于行政长官的政

立法会的监督。特区政府每年向立法会作施政报告，同时，

府发言人办公室以及政府发言人，统一发布特区政府的政

接受立法议员的质询。四是开设网站等沟通平台。行政长

澳门汇 12/19

官与各司长办公室都开通了网站，接受市民施政建设，实 Since reunification, the SAR government has con-

现方便畅顺的意见交互。运输工务司将千万以上的公共工

tinuously strived for improvement in its capabilities,

程和超过 100 万元的服务项目都公布于网站，接受公众监

taking advantage of its many unique strengths in the

督。

region. Under the framework of the Basic Law, the community’s political participation and public policy consultation system will be further enhanced. Public oversight of the government will be increased, through the transparency achieved by the Sunshine Act. With the mainland’s support, urban development plans will be formulated and implemented with a more more forward-looking approach. The establishment of two working committees related to the Greater Bay Area and the Belt and Road Initiative will effectively promote regional cooperation, help Macau expand into the Mainland and catch up with the fast-growing economy there. The Legislative Council has been positioned in the role of coordinator, while also providing checks and balances on the executive branch, making the governance model more effective.

澳门汇 12/19

三，制订施政规划明确发展方向施政规划对于特区发展具有指导意义，有利于特区统一指挥下，配置资源和管理执政。作为实行资本主义制度的地区，缺乏推行社会发展规划的理念，而是强调以市场为主导，未有发展规划作导向指引，这也是造成社会过度贫富悬殊的重要原因之一。有鉴于此，澳门近年来制订实施了多个领域的发展规划，包括《非高等教育发展十年规划（2011-2020）》，《澳门青年政策（2012-2020）》，《公共房屋发展策略（ 20112020）》、《澳门环境保护概念性规划构想（2010-2020）》、《2016 至 2025 年长者服务十年行动计划》、《2016 至 2025 年康复服务十年规划》等。第四届政府还于 2016 年制订公立法会对特区政府既配合，又能予以监督制衡

布了《澳门特别行政区五年发展规划（2016-2020）》，综合规划澳门的五年发展战略，推动澳门建设成为宜居、宜游、宜乐的世界旅游休闲中心。四，区域合作能力得到提升澳门一方面由于自身地少空间小、资源有限，先天有

澳大湾区工作委员会 ” 和 “ 一带一路建设工作委员会 ” 等机

五，行政主导机制的有效运作

制，有效地推进区域合作。

澳门特区行政、立法、司法三权合作，各司其职，根

澳门推进区域合作的实践经验表明：区域合作，是在

据《澳门基本法》的规定，澳门实行行政主导体制。立法

对外拓展的需求；另一方面，从澳门居民生活空间与发展

基本法保障 “ 一国两制 ” 的基础上，帮助港澳融入内地发展，

会对特区政府既配合，又能予以监督制衡。其中，立法会

经济多元的要求而言，也需要区域合作的拓展。

搭上内地高速发展的快车。实际上无论是大湾区发展规划，

的定位是 “ 配合＋制衡 ”，一方面，配合政府工作，另一方面，

回归以来，澳门先后积极投入开展粤澳合作（粤澳

还是 CEPA 的安排，都是尊重《澳门基本法》，尊重 “ 一国

通过质询、辩论等方式，对特区政府施政展开监督。从回

合作产业园、工业园等平台）、泛珠三角合作，以及通过

两制 ” 的制度优势前提下创建的融合平台，更有利于澳门

归以来的治理实践看，澳门的行政主导体制得到有效运行，

CEPA 安排融入内地发展；特区政府先后成立了 “ 建设粤港

发挥其固有优势和联系海外的优势。

从而保障了特区政府有监督、有效率地达成执政规划。

澳门汇 12/19

湾区沙龙

G B A S A LO N

《澳门回归 20 年分析与展望》 ANALYSIS AND OUTLOOK – 20 YEARS AFTER MACAU’S RETURN

MACAU AIMS AT FULL VICTORY 澳门还要赢下半场受访者：郑国强，澳门资深时事评论员、澳门历史文物关注协会会长、澳门学者同盟副会长 Interviewee: Cheang Kuok Keong, Macau Senior Current Affairs Commentator, President of the Macao Historical Relics Concerning Association, Vice President of the Macao Scholars Union

G R AC E G E N G 文

郑

彭雪华

肖像

吴奕生

供图

国强指出，澳门回归二十年来，澳门始终抱持着

澳门一国两制成功，值得好好地总结经验。郑国强认

以后一定会好起来的共同信念，一起为这座城市

为，首先，澳门居民的爱国主义精神是有历史传承的，澳

努力。正如回归之初、全澳门居民期望的 “ 澳门明天会更

门的爱国主义教育亦是传统使然，是良好的垂范；其次，

好 ”，事实证明，我们的今天确实做到 “ 比昨天好 ”，并且

政府与社团、民间，有良好畅顺的沟通渠道，和多元的对

相信 “ 明天还会更好！ ”。

话平台，社团、民间，有多种方式，参与分享澳门发展的

澳门回归 20 年的稳定繁荣，首先就是经济的稳定繁

利好，并有灵活广泛的施政参与空间。再次，中央给予澳

荣，作为澳门经济的主业，澳门博彩业能够做强做大，在

门居民国民待遇，在周边地区分享交通、买房、医疗、保

全世界都有一定的竞争优势，是因为赌场开放，引入竞争

险等利好，兼享澳门利益与内地福利。同时，中央政府给

机制，──最重要的效应是，澳门特区政府是站在澳门的

予澳门广阔的区域空间，例如通关方便、填海拓地、横琴

赌场之上管理的，特区政府有足够的掌控力度，保障了特

成为澳门的有机组成，等等。

区经济持续健康、有规划地发展。这在区域内是有借鉴意义的。

澳门汇 12/19

郑国强笑称，“ 我有一个比喻，把一国两制 50 年不变，比作是一场足球比赛，上半场澳门是赢的、进球了；下半场

澳门汇 12/19

The principle of “one country, two systems,” unchanged for 50 years, is like a football match. Macau is leading at halftime and we hope win in the second half. The stability and prosperity Macao has enjoyed for the past 20 years is, first and foremost, due to the growth of the economy. The SAR govern-

我有一个比喻，把一国两制

ment has exercised sufficient control over the

50年不变，比作是一场足球

gaming industry as its pillar industry, enabling it to

比赛，上半场澳门是赢的、进

become stronger and bigger, and to direct economic

球了；下半场希望也要赢，建

development toward a process of moderate diversification. This was achieved with the help of the

国100年——届时澳门回归50

central government, which treats Macau’s residents

年，这是有非常重大的历史意

as nationals gives the SAR space to grow.

义的，怎样可以使我们赢下半

During the term of the incoming government under the new Chief Executive, the existing gaming

场比赛？

licenses will expire, and new and more standardized rules for the issuance of concessions will need to be 希望也要赢，建国 100 年──届时澳门回归 50 年，这是有

程中，要保持社会和平稳定。这对于新特首和特区政府都

历的年轻人提供入籍的条件。琴澳两地互相承认职业资格

非常重大的历史意义的，怎样可以使我们赢下半场比赛？ ”

是一个巨大的挑战和考验。

和劳动资格，实现人才的互通。要给予劳工适当的国民待

我们必须正视澳门发展的局限性：地方太小、交通桎梏、经济多元不足、政府任人唯贤未达最好，等等。

此外，我们需要在粤港澳大湾区视野下，拓取更多的、创新的空间，有更加高标准的管理架构。要和大湾区的发

遇，改善劳工制度。这样就可以有效利用澳门培养的内地学生资源。

established. This will be a far-reaching challenge. In the future, it will be necessary to innovate and expand into the Greater Bay Area. It is recommended to implement a new residence permit system for Hengqin, giving priority to young people

当前，第三届澳门政府处在一个关键的历史结点，回

展规划紧密相连，整体协调发展，比如，可以在大湾区范

在行政司法创新方面，探讨在全国人大框架下，将港

with employment experience in Macau, and adopting

归后的赌牌是二十年合约。新一届政府、新一任特首任期

围内，设置粤港澳三地联合海湾巡逻队，针对稽查、追逃

澳涉及国家主权等重要问题的终审权收归中央，并引进一

mutual recognition of work qualifications in Hengqin

内，将对 6 家一起重新订立新的、更加规范的规则，实现

犯等行动，在各城市所在海域联合行动、协调监管。这将

些香港和澳门的法官参与其中，以确保 “ 一国两制 ” 的依

赌牌的再分配。届时无论是法律框架的修订、还是再分配

是全新的探索路径。

法执行。

的操作，都需要做到：一是得到广泛的认受性，以保障社

同时，要有新的改革，突破人力瓶颈。建议在横琴实

会经济持续健康发展，推进多元经济发展，二是在处理过

施 “ 横琴居住证 ” 制度，优先引进在澳门有就读、就业经

澳门汇 12/19

寄望新任特首即将产生的组阁，敢于办事，排除外界

and Macau to solve the bottleneck of human resources in Macau.Ga. Aspercime deritiis voluptas vitatio et eum et molorib erchilia qui aliquia necuptas alite que voluptu ritaspit est, quod que duci blabo.

干扰，以专业、务实和开拓的精神开拓局面。

澳门汇 12/19

湾区沙龙

G B A S A LO N

《澳门回归 20 年分析与展望》 ANALYSIS AND OUTLOOK – 20 YEARS AFTER MACAU’S RETURN

PIONEERING OUTGOING LAYOUT PROMOTES SINO-PORTUGUESE PLATFORM

周平称，澳门建设中葡大宗商品交易平台具备独特的优势和可行性。自古以来，澳门一直是“海上丝绸之路”中的重要一站，澳

先行外向布局推动中葡平台

门有自由港的先天优势。

受访者：周平，澳门城市大学葡语国家研究院副教授，澳门 “ 一带一路 ” 研究中心主任 Interviewee: Zhou Ping, Associate Professor, Portuguese-speaking National Research Institute, City University of Macau, Director of the “One Belt and One Road” Research Center in Macau

1175 亿美元，但是澳门与葡语系国家的贸易总额才 1.5 亿美元，这说明澳门在推进中葡贸易合作中，还存在巨大的可

G R AC E G E N G 文

彭雪华

肖像

吴奕生、 C H E O N G KA M KA

供图

操作空间。葡语国家的商品在澳门塔石广场有一个展示厅，这是一个很有意义的起步。

门回归二十年来，政府和各界关注和推动澳门与

中葡商贸合作服务平台其实已经进入实质发展阶段，各方

周平称，澳门建设中葡大宗商品交易平台具备独特

葡语系国家的经贸交流合作。澳门城市大学葡语

在政府间合作、贸易、投资、人力资源、农业与渔业、发

的优势和可行性。自古以来，澳门一直是 “ 海上丝绸之路 ”

国家研究院副教授，澳门 “ 一带一路 ” 研究中心主任周平

展援助等领域的合作取得了积极成果，强化了澳门作为中

中的重要一站，澳门有自由港的先天优势。二是制度与法

强调指出，澳门积极强化作为中国与葡语国家经贸合作的

国与葡语国家经贸合作的平台作用，提升了澳门的国际影

律与葡语国家相贴近的优势，使得交易双方借助澳门这个

平台作用，这种积极布局错位发展、并成为国家外交关系

响力，促进了澳门产业适度多元发展。这种积极布局错位

城市，更有助于商贸合作的展开。三是澳门融汇引进的国

有益补充的创举，在区域内是有独创性和先行示范作用的。

发展、并成为国家外交关系有益补充的创举，在区域内具

澳

周平称，从回归之初，澳门就十分重视在中葡经贸

有独创的先行示范作用。

他还指出，在澳门已是成熟的时机，建立中国与葡语

际管理经验，可以为国际性商贸平台提供优质的服务。四

系国家大宗商品交易平台，这将产生两个层面的效益：一

是语言上的优势，葡萄牙语是澳门的官方语言之一，这是

是可以实现葡语系国家产品贸易的规模效应，二是借助大

在中葡贸易中不可取代的优势。五是商业人脉的储备，多

文化交往中的重要地位，在澳门的城市建设发展中，坚持

站在澳门回归 20 周年的时间节点上，当前审视中葡

实现错位发展、保持特色。作为有四百年葡语系国家渊源

平台的未来发展，应该从绘就总体布局的 “ 大写意 ”，到聚

宗商品交易平台，推动澳门与周边的合作，推动航运、物流、

年来，澳门与葡语系国家之间各层面的交流非常频繁，在

的城市，澳门积极参与推动、建设和发展中葡论坛，从

焦重点、精雕细琢的 “ 工笔画 ”，落实到操作层面，包括实

仓储等产业获得同步发展，在澳门经济多元化发展中形成

政商各界积累了广泛人脉，遗憾的是这一资源还没有被充

2003 年中葡论坛澳门常设秘书处在澳门设立以来，澳门

质性的产业商贸合作。

新的经济增长点。目前，中国和葡语系国家的贸易总额是

分开发，蕴藏着巨大的潜力。

澳门汇 12/19

澳门是 “ 海上丝绸之路 ” 中的重要一站

而束缚了这些优势的发挥的，首先存在 “ 一国两制 ”

法律、文化等多方面差异，因此，许多葡语系国家在与中

澳门是有四百年葡语系国家渊源的城市

Macau has had a relationship with Portuguese-

assistance, and have supported the two countries’ dip-

speaking countries for four hundred years. This

lomatic relations.

的法域问题，不光是澳门与葡语系国家的法律融汇对接，

国做生意的时候就会有一种焦虑：和中国做生意信不信得

在大湾区也存在一个内部法律融汇对接的问题。要顺利地

过？能不能投资，投资什么？在交易中出现问题怎样处

c o n t i n u e d a f t e r re u n i f i c a t i o n , a s t h e S A R s t i l l

To further develop, China and the Portuguese-

进行大宗商品交易，需要在不同法域之间深度的融合对接。

理？赚了钱，拿不拿得回来？这种焦虑限制了中葡贸易的

attaches great importance to the role it plays in Sino-

speaking countries should establish a commodity trading

其次，也需要政府提供政策配套、资金支持。此外，由于

发展。

Portuguese economic and cultural exchanges. Since

platform as soon as possible to promote the develop-

the establishment of the Permanent Secretariat of the

ment of Macau’s shipping, logistics and warehousing

China-Portugal Forum in Macao in 2003, the Macau-

industries. In order to effectively promote the construc-

China-Portugal Business Cooperation Service Platform

tion of the Sino-Lusophone trade platform, it is necessary

has grown substantively.

for Macau to establish a full Sino-Portuguese legal ser-

澳门的失业率低，人力资源有限，如果依靠现有人才的流

他还强调，中介平台尤为重要，同时熟悉两地法律和

动，不仅要靠企业的努力，同样也需要政府的长远眼光和

语言、交易规则、文化习俗的人才非常稀缺。他建议在澳

布局。

门建立一个中葡法律服务产业链，即一个集咨询服务、公

就推动中葡贸易实质发展，他认为，澳门还有必要建立一个以商法、文化认知为主体的中葡法律服务产业链。由于中国内地和大多数葡语系国家存在制度、语言、

澳门汇 12/19

证服务、仲裁服务、语言文化培训服务等一系列服务的产

The parties have achieved positive results in inter-

业体系，面向湾区和葡语系机构企业。这样，也有利于为

governmental cooperation, trade and development

vice industrial chain, with commercial law and cultural mutual understanding at its center.

两地发展贸易培养高端人才。

澳门汇 12/19

湾区沙龙

G B A S A LO N

《澳门回归 20 年分析与展望》 ANALYSIS AND OUTLOOK – 20 YEARS AFTER MACAU’S RETURN

SOCIAL CARE AT THE HEART OF MACAU CULTURE 澳门文化贵在社会关怀

Interviewee: Wilson Chan, International and Professional Consultant at Research Center for Sustainable Hong Kong, City University of Hong Kong

文

澳门汇 12/19

C H E O N G KA M KA

包容共济。他强调说，尊重包容的人文精神，在社会发展

展研究中心国际及专业顾问陈凤翔接受《澳门汇》

中是难能可贵的。

专访指出，着眼当下，寄望澳门能更好地按大湾区发展纲

受访者：陈凤翔，香港城市大学香港持续发展研究中心国际及专业顾问

G R AC E G E N G

澳

门回归二十周年之际，香港城市大学香港持续发

供图

在社会关怀的氛围下，大家声音能合理表达，有利应

要的原则做好 “ 可持续发展 ”。他说，可持续发展的三要素

对互联网时代的失真资讯和失控现象。任何健康的社会，

是 “ 经济发展、绿色环保和社会关怀 ”。所以，值得强调的

自由不能没有底线，应有基本监控，防止过度自由，更勿

是，在着力推动经济发展的同时，要注重环保和社会关怀。

被一些势力利用，避免社会撕裂的恶象。这样齐心协力，

所谓社会关怀，也代表了社会文明和进步，这方面澳门是有丰厚基础的。澳门社会气氛和谐，各方面协商共融，

方可实现自身的健康可持续发展。他强调，要发挥粤港澳大湾区城市群的效能，各城市

澳门汇 12/19

业和学者、智库来澳，配合澳门政府和相关基金的资助，共同展开金融研究。三是金融清算、金融中心后台角色等，为香港金融机构降低及控制成本，但又利用一小时生活圈的优点，在澳门可以尽情发挥最高效率的整体作用。四是支持金融专业相关认可服务分支设在澳门。不少金融专业服务，如会计师、律师事务所、资讯公司、顾问或广告宣传等，其相关公司团队不需要所有人士于香港中环上班，澳门可提供政策优惠，如三年免税、或降税等，配合资格互认，鼓励他们来澳门设置分支机构。整体而言，一小时生活圈的一体化，除了修桥筑路的硬件外，亦必须加快、加强软件方面的配套，推出过境交通便利等措施。例如，为适应金融会议在澳门开，研究放开针对性的短期两地车牌限制，在会议项目期间，提供一定数量的免费车牌以接驳港澳直达会场；在澳设立金融分支机构，也可按年续取两地车牌及免费两地认可驾驶执照等。

澳门是社团社会，各方面协商共融，包容共济

The three elements of sustainable development are eco-

has prevented disruptive forces from wreaking havoc on

nomic growth, environmental protection and social care.

society. In this way, we can continue to work together to

This last piece has never been overlooked, even while the

achieve sustainable and healthy development.

economy was growing at a high speed. 应扮演不同角色的组合，不需要每个城市都争做 “ 龙头 ”。

一是澳门可配合发展金融研讨会等国际多元会议。澳

以国际金融中心这一范畴，澳门可扮演特色金融的 “ 辅助

门酒店应有多一些不同档次供选择，包括可以便宜的整体

中心 ”，以解决香港地方少、租金贵的缺陷，积蓄后劲，

配置，结合绿色旅游城市的优点，吸引香港金融机构举办

图谋未来的快速发展。

地区或国际会议等。

当中澳门可考虑的发展要点包括：

澳门汇 12/19

二是发展金融相关 “ 产学研 ”，吸引香港、内地的产

Focusing on the Greater Bay Area, it is recom-

How a government cares for its society is also a

mended that Macau play a supporting role to Hong Kong

measure of its civilizational progress. Macau is a harmoni-

as a financial center by hosting international conferences

ous place, marked by inclusiveness, tolerance and mutual

of financial institutions, improving the ability of financial

aid, where everyone’s voice can be reasonably expressed.

clearing services, supporting finance-related accredi-

This is conducive to coping with the distortion of infor-

tation services, and making good use of Macau’s close

mation and spread of fake news in the Internet era, and

proximity to Hong Kong.

澳门汇 12/19

湾区沙龙

G B A S A LO N

《澳门回归 20 年分析与展望》 ANALYSIS AND OUTLOOK – 20 YEARS AFTER MACAU’S RETURN

THREE DILEMMAS NEEDING A BREAKTHROUGH “ 进退三难 ” 围城待破受访者：曾忠禄，澳门理工学院博彩旅游教学及研究中心教授，课程主任，特区政府经济发展委员会委员 Interviewee: Zeng Zhonglu, Professor, Gaming Tourism Teaching and Research Center, Macau Institute of Technology, Course Director, Member of the Economic Development Committee of the SAR Government

G R AC E G E N G

澳

文

+ 图

门开放赌权以来，实现了经济飞速发展，在世界

有退有进之难：以何标准淘汰现有持份人？

范围内具备发展优势。澳门理工学院社会经济及

维持现状之难：卫星赌场的存在已是事实，如果此时

公共政策研究所教授曾忠禄指出，这种模式也强化了政府

不正视和规范，未来仍是灰色地带。

的掌控力度。展望未来发展，保持澳门博彩业竞争力和控

曾忠禄强调，以上局面，有待政府决策取舍，必将突

制博彩规模、追求适度多元发展的平衡，建设世界旅游休

破 “ 围城 ”，他无意置喙。他说，目前有必要探讨的是，未

闲中心，是澳门发展的必然趋势，也是新一届政府面临的

来博彩业宏观的发展方向，也应是合适时候展开顶层设计，

挑战。

使博彩业的发展更具科学性、规范性，以推动和发展世界

他称，赌牌合约期届满，赌牌的再分配问题何时讨论？有没有人要退出赌牌的竞争？有没有人要增加？目前都是非常重要的问题。

他认为，围绕顶层设计，政府更有明确的方针，指导配置博彩业相关产业的形态特色：包括酒店设计、零售、

分析未来局面，可谓存在 “ 进退三难 ”。

餐饮，度假村休闲模式等。为了便于强化科学管理和规范

增发之难：新增持份者，意味着赌桌将按例扩容，并

监管，他还建议未来赌牌期限改为十年一检讨，并继续加大

且博彩收入在各持份者间有可能面临摊薄的局面。

旅游休闲中心。

澳门汇 12/19

Looking forward, the government faces some challenges.

Moreover, any elimination mechanism would need to be

Chief of these is maintaining the competitiveness of

fair and objective. However, as part of this, the objective

Macau’s gaming industry, while also controlling the scale

existence of satellite casinos should be recognized and

of gambling, and pursuing moderate and diversified devel-

they should be properly regulated.

opment. The goal is to build Macau into a world tourism and leisure center.

The future development of the gaming industry here needs a new top-level design, which would enable

Considering the issuance of new gaming conces-

growth that is pursued in a more scientific and normative

sions, the status quo seems likely to be maintained. This is

way. It is recommended that concessions be reviewed

mainly because issuing new licenses would be hard to jus-

after 10 years, while supervision of gaming promoters be

tify, as it would dilute the profits of the existing licensees.

strengthened.

强化中介人监管力度。

澳门汇 12/19

封面故事

COV E R S TO RY

BIGGEST BET YET 澳门开放成功的奇迹从一个安静的小城发展成为世界级的旅游胜地，澳门完成了一项前所未有的壮举。 From sleepy town to world- class tourist destination in 20 years, Macau has pulled off an unprecedented feat. A N T H O N Y L AW R A N C E 文

澳门汇 12/19

年以来澳门的历程是世界上最引人注目的篇

The story of Macau since 1999 is one of the world’s most remark-

章之一。这里曾是前葡萄牙帝国在亚洲的一

able. What was once a sedate leftover of the former Portuguese

个静谧遗留地，以别致的老建筑、鹅卵石铺就的街道和美味

empire in Asia, better known for picturesque old buildings, cob-

的马介休而闻名，而现在它是世界上最富有的城市。

bled streets, and bacalhau, is today the world’s richest city.

1999

澳门人均 GDP 预计今年将超过 14 万美元，富裕程度将赶超石油国家卡塔尔。诚然，并非所有福利都会惠及社会最底层，在任何遵循

With a per-capita GDP projected to reach more than US$140,000 this year, Macau will be wealthier than Qatar, the oil state.

澳门汇 12/19

资本主义、市场导向原则管理的领土内，很少能做到这一点。

表演和其他休闲娱乐项目，这些都让区域内以至全球的竞争

然而，令澳门引以为豪的另一个繁荣程度指标是员工平均工

对手羡慕不已。为了实现这一目标，数百亿资金投入在这些

资，在过去 20 年里，员工平均工资增长了近四倍（见第 50

项目中。正是通过这些增长，40% 的博彩总收入以税收形式

页图表）。在过去 20 年间，财富、健康、预期寿命等各项指

纳入澳门特区政府收入。

标都呈上升趋势。这一成功源自于诸多因素，从敏锐的长期规划，到关键

并非一切顺利

发展时期的具体决策，再到多达 14 亿人口的客源市场日趋

诚然，澳门博彩业的发展至今取得了丰厚的回报。然而，过

增长的收入等等。然而，在整个故事的背后隐现一个关键行

去 20 年澳门并非总是一帆风顺。那些欢欣的时刻，尤其是在

业 —— 博彩业，以及 1999 年 12 月 20 日澳门回归中国翌日作

2004-2007 年和 2011-2014 年期间的繁荣年份，比其间让人神

出的一个关键决定，即开放博彩业。

经紧绷的时光更令人难忘。

自 2002 年澳娱的专营权被打破、6 家新的持牌公司展

这完全可以理解。谁愿意回忆 2003 年博彩业刚起步之

开竞争以来，博彩业年度总收入飙升了 7 倍多，而年到访人

前非典（SARS）疫情爆发的后果（当时颁发新牌照似乎是一

数几乎增长了两倍。（见第 51 页图表）

场豪赌）？或者 2005 年禽流感肆虐澳门地区时？还是 2008

虽为一个小城市，但澳门这样的增幅在世界历史上也是前所未有的。今天，在澳门准备庆祝其作为中国特别行政区成立 20

年广东省政府对个人自由行签注实施限制的时候？这甚至还没有考虑到全球和全国层面对澳门造成的更大影响，比如全球金融危机在 2008 年至 2009 年间造成的余波，

周年之际，有许多英雄人物因澳门的成功而值得赞扬。在澳

当时许多公费旅游几乎陷于停顿；以及 2014-2016 年间中央

门为未来 20 年的发展做准备的同时，经济的 “ 适度多元化 ”

政府全面开展反腐运动，VIP 需求锐减。

计划也备受关注，这需要新的英雄挺身而出，接过火炬。过

那是一个艰难的时期，许多博彩业高管私下里不得不质

去 20 年来，博彩业的发展，已助澳门以其世界级综合度假村、

疑自己对澳门博彩业的信念，尽管他们在公开场合表现得很

丰富多元的娱乐产业，以及人均收入和生活水平的提高，而

淡定。

闻名于世。

幸运的是，澳门具备度过困境、迎接顺境的特质。如今，

当然，若无中央和澳门政府的支持，博彩业仅靠自身

尽管其它地区的博彩业集群正在崛起，但澳门仍是博彩业无

的拼搏不可能取得同样的成功。毫无疑问，澳门的六家博彩

可争议的冠军，其收入和利润令竞争对手（包括拉斯维加斯

业持牌公司在各自存续期内均十分重视政府给予的特许经营

的博彩公司）相形见绌。

权，即，能够在中国境内专营博彩业。加上中央和地方政府

即使经历了去年的增势放缓，澳门的博彩总收入按月均

在过去 20 年间推出的一系列政策，澳门的持牌公司已经拥

计算仍是拉斯维加斯的五倍多。尽管全球博彩业的许多领先

有了促成澳门经济奇迹的一切元素。

品牌都热切期待日本成为它们的下一个增长极，但毫无疑问，

但是，持牌公司同样也达到了要求它们达到的效果 – 甚至不止于此。上个月，澳门政府发布了最新的博彩业中期评估报告，认可各家持牌公司一直在帮助政府实现最新五年计划的目标。这只是一个保守的说法。澳门现在拥有世界上一些最有魅力、最受欢迎的酒店、排名最靠前的餐厅、水疗中心、商店、

澳门汇 12/19

葡京酒店当年是澳门最豪华的酒店 The old Lisboa Hotel was once the height of luxury in Macau.

澳门仍是世界上运营综合度假村的首选之地 —— 在可预见的未来，很可能也是如此。澳门是如何走到这一步的？它是如何建立起世界上最大

Granted, not all of that has trickled down to the lowest

(see chart on page 50). And across indicators of wealth, health,

rungs of society. In any territory run along capitalist, market-ori-

life expectancy and more, the arrows have all pointed upward

的博彩产业的？这是一个非常值得一讲的故事，时间跨度从

ented principles, it seldom does. However, another measure

over the course of the past two decades.

首家综合度假村开业直到今日。

of prosperity that Macau can be proud of is average employee

This success is due to many factors, from astute long-

wages, which have risen nearly fourfold over the past 20 years

term planning, to specific policymaking at key moments of

澳门汇 12/19

0 NOT ALL SMOOTH RUNNING

18,000 16,000

工资中位数增幅 MEDIAN WAGE GROWTH

14,000 12,000

Those were hard times, when many industry executives had

It hasn’t always been easy to look back and see the obvious justification for those investments. The concessionaires have no

MOP

reason to complain today, as shareholders have been handsomely

10,000

repaid. Yet not all of the past 20 years have been a joyride for

8,000

Macau. Moments of euphoria, particularly around the go-go years

6,000

of 2004-2007 and 2011-2014, are more fondly remembered than

4,000

the nerve-wracking times in between. This is entirely understandable. Who would want to remi-

2,000

nisce about the effects of the SARS epidemic in 2003, just before 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

the industry took off, when the awarding of the new licenses had seemed liked a bold gamble? Or 2005, when bird flu struck the

development, to rising incomes in a feeder market of 1.4 billion

Beijing, of course, nothing the gaming industry could have tried

region? Or 2008, when curbs were introduced by the Guangdong

people. Yet underlying the entire story is one key industry –

to do on its own would have brought the same success. Macau’s

government on IVS visa permits?

gaming – and one key decision, taken the day after Macau’s

six gaming concessionaires have undoubtedly spent their exis-

That is before even thinking about the bigger impacts on

return to Chinese control on December 20, 1999, to liberalize it.

tence treasuring the gift they were granted of being able to run

Macau of forces at a global and national level, such as the 2008-

Since the former monopoly of STDM was broken, and six

a gaming monopoly within China’s borders. Add in a myriad other

2009 aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis, when many of

new licensees were brought into competition from 2002 onward,

policies put in place by the local and central governments over

Macau’s junket middlemen seemed on the verge of collapse; or

annual gross gaming revenues have soared more than seven

the past two decades and Macau’s concessionaires have had

the 2014-2016 crash of VIP demand amid the central govern-

times while annual visitation has nearly tripled (see chart on page

everything they needed to spur the SAR’s economic miracle.

ment’s sweeping anti-corruption campaigns.

51).

been privately forced to question the courage of their convictions about Macau’s gaming industry, even while putting on brave faces in public. Fortunately, Macau had what was needed to get through the bad times as well as the good. Today, despite the rise of gaming-industry clusters in other jurisdictions, Macau is the undisputed champion of the gaming world, with revenues and profits that dwarf their nearest competitors, including those in Las Vegas. Even after the slowdown of the past year, Macau’s gross gaming revenues are more than five times what Las Vegas takes in, on average, every month. And while many of the global industry’s leading brands are looking eagerly to Japan for their next growth story, there can be little doubt that Macau remains the best place in the world to operate an integrated resort – and likely will be for the foreseeable future. How did Macau get to this point? How did it build the world’s biggest gaming industry? It is a story well worth telling, beginning with the opening of the first integrated resort, up to the present day.

But by the same token, the concessionaires have produced Such growth, albeit for a small city, is unprecedented in

world history.

what was asked of them – and more. The latest mid-term review of the industry conducted by the Macau government, released

澳门关键绩效指标 MACAU'S KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Today, as Macau prepares to celebrate 20 years as a

last month, recognized this, remarking that the concessionaires

Special Administrative Region of China, there are many heroes

had been helping the government achieve its objectives under the

that deserve commendation for its success. And as Macau pre-

latest Five-Year Plan.

pares for the next 20 years of its development, much attention

If anything, this is an understatement. Macau now has some

is being paid to plans for the “moderate diversification” of the

of the most glamorous and acclaimed hotels found anywhere in

economy, which will require new heroes to step forward and

the world; restaurants among the highest-rated; and spas, shops,

carry the torch. It is only fitting now, therefore, to recognize not a

shows and other leisure and entertainment options that are the

person, but an industry, the development of which has put Macau

envy of Macau’s regional and global competitors. Tens of billions

on the global map for the world-class quality of its integrated

of dollars have gone into the ground – sometimes, before the

resorts, the diversity of its leisure, hospitality and entertainment

ground was even there – to achieve this. And through all of this

industries, and the upgrading of its people’s skills, incomes, and

growth, 40 per cent of all gross gaming revenues have gone into

livelihoods.

the public accounts of the Macau SAR government through direct

Without the leadership of the governments in Macau and

澳门汇 12/19

taxation.

博彩总收入（十亿美元） GGR (US$b)

游客数量（百万） Visitors (mn)

中国GDP（万亿美元） China GDP (US$tr)

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019(F)

澳门汇 12/19

THE EARLY YEARS 早期历程

SPEED and STYLE 高速发展的度假村奇迹

家持牌公司开设的第一批度假村为这个行业后来的发

各

展奇迹奠定了基础。

2002 年 2 月 8 日，澳门向三家公司颁发了首批牌照。第一家是澳门博彩股份有限公司（SJM），其母公司澳门旅游娱

The first batch of resorts opened by each of the concessionaires laid the foundation for the industry’s incredible success to come. The first three of Macau’s concessions were awarded on

乐有限公司（STDM）的专营权已于 2001 年 12 月 31 日到期，

February 8, 2002. One went to Sociedade de Jogos de Macau

3 个月的延长也即将到期。第二家是永利度假村（澳门）有限

(SJM), whose parent, STDM, was finishing up a three-month

公司，目前由香港上市公司永利澳门有限公司所有，后者是

extension of its monopoly term, which had expired on December

纳斯达克上市公司永利度假村的子公司。第三家是银河娱乐

31, 2001. The second went to Wynn Resorts (Macao) S.A., which is

股份有限公司，是香港上市公司银河娱乐集团有限公司的子

today owned by Hong Kong-listed Wynn Macau, Ltd, a subsidiary

公司。

of Nasdaq-lised Wynn Resorts. The third went to Galaxy Casino,

在颁发牌照之时，银河娱乐与澳门威尼斯人酒店集团是投标合作人，威尼斯人目前属于香港上市公司金沙中国有限

S.A., today owned by Hong Kong-listed Galaxy Entertainment Group.

公司，该公司系纽交所上市公司拉斯维加斯金沙集团的子公

At the time of the awarding, Galaxy had partnered in its

司。同年晚些时候，银河娱乐和威尼斯人协议对牌照进行了

bid with Venetian Macao, S.A., today owned by Hong Kong-listed

分割，澳门政府行政部门批准向威尼斯人颁发次级牌照，次

Sands China Ltd, a subsidiary of NYSE-listed Las Vegas Sands

级牌照和一级牌照拥有同等法律权利。

Corp. Later that year, Galaxy and Venetian agreed to split their

新葡京酒店见证城市的快速变化 The Grand Lisboa lights up Macau, a symbol of how fast the city has changed.

颁发次级牌照为其他持牌公司开创了先例。之后在 2005

license, and the executive branch of the Macau government

third party while its then-flagship property, StarWorld, was being

finish line by Galaxy, which opened the spectacular StarWorld in

年 4 月 20 日，美高梅金殿（目前由香港上市公司美高梅中国

approved the issuing of a sub-concession to Venetian, which car-

built further up the street, yet from its first day, it took a sizeable

September, 2006. Wynn Macau opened the following month.

所有）从 SJM 获得了次级牌照；2006 年 9 月 8 日，新濠博

ried all the same legal rights as the concessionaire.

chunk of market share. Sands Macao, meanwhile, was the city’s

The properties were very different in style, yet both raised

This sub-concession set the precedent for each of the other

first resort built to handle large mass-market crowds, which

the bar on Macau’s offerings to visitors in a major way. StarWorld

concessionaires to issue sub-concessions. This resulted in MGM

flooded in on opening day, people literally breaking down the

was a 39-storey high-rise, designed by Hong Kong-based Rocco

银河和金沙迅速开疆辟土。2004 年 5 月，澳门第一家外

Grand Paradise (today owned by Hong Kong-listed MGM China)

doors to get in.

Architects, which offered the concessionaire’s first illustration

商投资综合度假村澳门金沙在澳门半岛隆重开业，该酒店距

getting a sub-concession from SJM, on April 20, 2005, and Melco

of its “World Class, Asian Heart” motto. A striking feature of the

离澳门渡轮码头仅几步之遥，开业后大受好评。同年晚些时候，

PBL Jogos (Macau), S.A. (today owned by Hong Kong-listed Melco

revolutionary concept, with high ceilings and a huge main gaming

resort was not only its layered, neon-lit frame, but the height of

银河在其竞争对手的对面（友谊大马路上）开设了第一家酒店：

Resorts Ltd), getting a sub-concession from Wynn on September

floor. It cost just US$265 million to build. Demand was so strong

the beautiful hostesses at the front door, welcoming guests with

华都。

8, 2006.

that the property was an instant commercial success: That

their hands on their hearts. Hong Kong movie star Tony Leung

investment was recovered within a record nine months.

was the brand ambassador, helping to put not only StarWorld,

亚博彩（澳门）有限公司（目前由香港上市公司新濠博亚所有）从永利获得次级牌照。

这两家酒店的出现立即改变了行业格局。银河规模较小

Galaxy and Sands got off the mark quickly. In May 2004, the

的酒店都是和第三方合作运营的，她当时的旗舰酒店星际正

city’s first foreign-invested integrated resort opened to great

Both resorts gave strong encouragement to their operators

在同一条街上拔地而起，从第一天开始，这家酒店就占据了

acclaim on the peninsula, a short walk from the Macau Ferry

to continue to invest in building their much larger, more ambitious

相当大的市场份额。与此同时，金沙酒店成为澳门第一个针

Terminal: Sands Macao. Later that year, Galaxy opened its first

projects to come, out in Cotai.

对大众旅游市场建造的度假村，开业当天就有大批游客蜂拥

property directly opposite its competitor, on the Avenida da

而至，简直挤破了门槛。

Amizade: The Waldo.

but all of Macau, on the regional map as a tourist destination. Wynn Macau was straight out of classic-style Las Vegas. Designed by a team of people led by the founder, Steve Wynn

It could be said that they also gave confidence to the other

himself, the property offered a level of luxury Macau could not

concessionaires, which had designed and started building their

have imagined up to that point. Its shopping arcade brought

金沙酒店由 Paul Steelman 建筑师事务所设计，高耸的天

These two properties instantly changed the industry land-

own properties along Avenida da Amizade. Wynn Macau raced

in some of the world’s most famous brands – Louis Vuitton

花板，巨大的主赌场，算得上革命性的概念。金沙酒店的建

scape. Galaxy’s smaller property was operated together with a

against the clock to open next, but was narrowly beaten to the

had its most profitable boutique in the world here – as well as

澳门汇 12/19

还有餐厅、水疗中心和一个拥有 600 间客房的酒店以及澳门最大的套房。首演之夜，炫目的 “ 表演湖 ” 让观众大饱眼福。随着这些新酒店的开业，澳门的重心逐渐转移到了友谊大马路尽头的交通圈，永利和星际与葡京酒店毗邻而立。附近还有两个新项目正在拔地而起，后来于次年投入使用，从此能够占据全球头条新闻的世界级项目又添了两个。新葡京酒店于 2007 年 3 月开业，仅仅比永利晚了四个月。新葡京酒店由香港 DLN 建筑师事务所设计，灵感来自狂欢节舞者头饰上的羽毛。其开幕式令

澳门前行政长官何厚铧与何猷龙共同为皇冠酒店揭幕

人印象深刻：一名表演者借助缆索划过

Former CE Edmund Ho opens Crown Macau in 2007, with Lawrence Ho and James Packer

造成本只有 2.65 亿美元，建成后，需求是如此强劲，该酒店几乎在一夜之间就取得了商业成功：仅用了九个月就收回投资，创下了历史纪录。两家度假村的商业成功极大地鼓舞了运营商的信心，他们争先恐后地投资，在路氹城建造规模更大、更具雄心的项目。其他持牌公司也由此获得信心，纷纷开始沿着友谊大马

萧登 · 艾德森及玛莉安 · 艾德森宣布路氹金光大道计划 Sheldon and Miriam Adelson unveil the masterplan for the Cotai Strip, back when it was still just a stretch of water between Taipa and Coloane.

夜空，施展手段将底部的大圆顶点亮。

restaurants, a spa, and a 600-room hotel with the largest suites

The last two properties to open in this initial phase of

当时 47 层的酒店大楼尚未完工，等到当

in Macau, if not the region. The “performance lake” out front daz-

Macau’s growth came in quick succession. Melco got its first open

zled crowds on the opening night.

a few months later, with the opening in May of Crown Macau

年晚些时候才正式开业。此时，澳门已经开始引起媒体的广泛关注。随着新酒店

As a result of these openings, Macau’s center of gravity

数量的不断增加，来这里的游客也越来越多。很明显，一直

shifted over to the traffic circle at the end of Avenida da Amizade,

以来澳门都沿循了这种供给导向型的发展模式。每开一家新

where Wynn and StarWorld faced the incumbent operator’s flag-

Crown Macau’s opening day was unforgettable. Like

酒店，都意味着整个产业的扩张。

ship, the Hotel and Casino Lisboa. Two new projects were coming

StarWorld and Grand Lisboa, it is a vertical property. The 38-floor

out of the ground nearby that would open in the next year, adding

building was unveiled to guests huddled under a large tent

还有两家酒店赶上了澳门经济增长初级阶段这趟列车。

(later changed to Altira Macau), while MGM Macau threw open its doors in December.

路设计、打造自己的地产项目。永利澳门马不停蹄地开建新

在新濠国际开业几个月后，澳门皇冠酒店（后来更名为新濠

to the critical mass of world-class offerings starting to generate

nearby, where they had been entertained by Hong Kong superstar

酒店，可惜还是被银河领先一步。2006 年 9 月银河旗下的星

锋酒店）于 5 月开业，紧接其后澳门美高梅于 12 月开业。

headlines around the world.

Chow Yun-fat and circus performers from Franco Dragone’s com-

际盛大开业，永利澳门于次月开业。

澳门皇冠的开幕日令人难忘，宾客们聚集在附近搭建的

Next to open, barely four months after Wynn, would be

pany (which would go on to open the House of Dancing Water at

大型帐篷下，共同见证这座 38 层的宏大建筑揭开神秘面纱，

the Grand Lisboa, in March, 2007. Designed by Hong Kong-based

业的门槛。星际是一座 39 层建筑，由香港 Rocco 建筑师事务

与此同时香港巨星周润发和来自佛朗哥 · 德拉贡旗下的马戏演

DLN Architects, the building was inspired by the plumes of a car-

MGM Grand Macau was more like its next-door neighbour,

所设计，这是这家公司首次展示自己 “ 傲视世界，情系亚洲 ”

员献上了精彩表演。（其后佛朗哥 · 德拉贡公司还在新濠天地

nival dancer’s headdress. Its opening ceremony was an affair to

Wynn Macau, built on a bigger footprint, which allowed it to have

的宏愿。该酒店有诸多鲜明特色：层层叠叠的霓虹灯框架下，

开设了 “ 水舞间 ”）。

remember, as the big dome at its base was lit up by a performer

a larger gaming floor spread out at ground level. It, too, brought

carried across the night sky by a wire. The 47-floor hotel tower

a unique experience to the market, with an eye-catching exterior

was not yet ready; it opened later that year.

and Portuguese-themed interior. Large suites, luxury boutiques

两家酒店风格迥异，但都在很大程度上提高了澳门旅游

高挑迷人的美丽女招待立于门厅，以手捧心，迎迓贵客。香

澳门美高梅金殿和隔壁的永利澳门颇多相似之处，不过

City of Dreams).

港电影明星梁朝伟是星际的品牌大使，他不仅帮助星际打开

占地面积更大，底层的赌场也更宽敞。其引人注目的外观、

名声，更是帮助整个澳门成为该区域的旅游热门地。

葡式风格的内饰，同样给客人们带来了独特体验。同时大型

By now, Macau was starting to generate major media

套房、名店购物（位于毗邻的壹号湖畔）、水疗中心和高档餐

attention. And as the critical mass of new properties grew, more

厅也为澳门增色不少。

visitors came. It became obvious that this would be a supply-led

All of this was just a taste, however, of what was to come.

development model for many years to come. Every time a new

Across the bridge, Macau’s next stage of development was going

property opened, the overall pie expanded.

up in Cotai.

永利澳门则脱胎于拉斯维加斯的经典风格。创始人斯蒂芬 · 永利（Steve Wynn）带领团队亲自操刀设计，其奢华程度远远超出了人们的想象。其购物商场吸引了全球最著名的品牌入驻，路易威登在这里拥有世界上最赚钱的精品店，另外

澳门汇 12/19

然而，所有这一切不过是对未来的浅浅尝试。就在隔桥相望的路氹城，澳门新一阶段的发展大幕正徐徐拉开。

(at the adjoining One Central development), a spa, and classy restaurants added to the mix for Macau.

澳门汇 12/19

THE MIDDLE YEARS 发展中期

BUILD IT and THEY WILL COME 华堂一开，游客即来

澳门威尼斯人于 2007 年开业，助推澳门非博彩娱乐展开新局面 The opening of the Venetian Macao in 2007 put the city on the world map for non-gaming entertainment.

澳门汇 12/19

澳

门威尼斯人度假村酒店开辟了一个全新局面。综合度

The Venetian Macao Resort-Hotel was a whole new ball game

假区建在填海造陆的土地上，这片土地此前曾被指定

for Macau. Built on reclaimed land in an area that had previously

用于一些其他项目，但因无法获得足够支持而作罢。该综合度假区实现了 2002 年政府授予牌照时设定的几个关键目标。其中最值得注意的，应是提供了大规模的会议、奖励旅游和展览场地。

been earmarked for projects that couldn’t get enough backing, the integrated resort fulfilled several of the key objectives set by the government in the awarding of the concessions back in 2002. Most noteworthy of these, perhaps, was the addition of largescale space for meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions (MICE). As per the DICJ’s website, the government’s objectives for the industry could be summarized as: “Tourism, gaming, conventions and exhibitions as the ‘head’, and the service industry as the ‘body’, driving the overall development of other industries.” The Venetian Macao fulfilled all of these objectives, and more. At the time of opening, in August, 2007, it was the world’s third largest building, with around one million square meters of floorspace. Everything in it broke new ground for the industry: 3,000 large suites; a shopping mall of nearly 100,000 square meters; MICE space of 111,500 square meters; a 15,000-seat Cotai Arena; a 2,000-seat special purpose-built theater for Cirque du Soleil, and a casino of 34,000 square meters, three times bigger than anything in Las Vegas. This was in addition to more swimming pools, spas, and restaurants than Macau had opened in total up to that point. To say that the investment required nerves of

Crowds flocked in on opening day, bringing traffic in the area to

continued to surge. The Venetian Macao’s success was followed

steel and great faith in the potential of the Chinese

a standstill. Visitors loved the exotic look and feel of the resort,

a year later, in August 2008, by the addition of the first luxury

market would be stating the obvious. Sands’

designed on a template from Las Vegas, where the company had

component of the company’s plans for the rest of the Cotai Strip

founder, Sheldon Adelson, was on his way to becom-

opened The Venetian Las Vegas in 1999. Gold-leafed ceilings,

(a name trademarked by Sands). When the Plaza Macao opened,

ing one of the world’s richest men, but he was not

canals with singing gondoliers, acrobats and other “streetmo-

with a five-star luxury hotel operated by the prestigious Four

there yet, and the US$3.5 billion initial investment

sphere” performers: it was like nothing experienced before by the

Seasons Hotel group, it, too, proved to be a commercial hit among

in the project was unheard-of at the time.

average visitor from the mainland, most of whom did not have

a more discerning clientele.

Skeptics had been numerous. Critics had

新濠天地《水舞间》演出十年来深受观众喜爱 The House of Dancing Water at City of Dreams has been a must-see attraction for 10 years.

passports enabling them to visit Europe.

Again, the Venetian Macao’s success emboldened the other

威尼斯人度假村内的街头表演受到游客的欢迎

doubted the market could support the sudden

The new resort had proved the mantra of “build it and they

concessionaires to speed up their own plans for Cotai. Although

Streetmosphere performers were an instant hit with visitors.

increase in capacity. They were all proved wrong.

will come” correct. Demand from the mainland visitor market

the coming years were soon to prove that what goes up can also

澳门汇 12/19

永利皇宫于 2016 年开业，呈现奢华的设计

2016 年澳门巴黎人成为路氹区新地标

Wynn Palace’s opening in 2016 yet again raised the bar for luxury.

The Parisian Macao brought a new landmark to Cotai in 2016.

根据澳门特别行政区政府博彩监察协调局（DICJ）网站，政府设定的发展目标概括为：“ 以旅游、博彩、会展为龙头，以服务业为主体，带动其他行业的整体发展。” 澳门威尼斯人实现了所有这些目标，甚至做得更好。澳门威尼斯人于 2007 年 8 月正式开业，是当时的世界第三大建筑，占地约 100 万平方米。无论从哪方面来衡量，威尼斯人都为该行业开辟了新天地：3000 套大型套房 ; 占地

斯足足大了三倍。除此之外，新开的游泳池、水疗中心和餐

佛置身于异域他乡。早在 1999 年，该公司便在拉斯维加斯开

come down, Melco looked ahead to opening the modernist City of

厅总数也超过了当时澳门的总数。

设了威尼斯人度假村。金叶装饰的天花板、运河边载歌载舞

Dreams, while Galaxy pushed on with its flagship Asian-themed

的船夫们、令人眼花缭乱的杂技和其他 “ 街头 ” 表演，这些都

resort, Galaxy Macau. And Sands unveiled plans for its “Lot 5&6”

是普通大陆游客之前完全没有体验过的，因为他们中的大多

project, across the road from the Venetian, which later came to

数人没有护照，从未去过欧洲。

be called Sands Cotai Central. The sky seemed to be the limit.

投资需要钢铁般的意志和对中国市场潜力的巨大信心，这是显而易见的。此时，金沙集团创始人谢尔登 · 阿德尔森（Sheldon Adelson）跻身世界顶级富豪之列指日可待，35 亿美元的首期投资规模也是前所未闻。

事实证明，新度假村采用 “ 华堂一开，游人自来 ” 的理念

很多人对此表示怀疑。批评人士曾怀疑市场能否支持陡

是正确的。内地旅游市场的需求持续上升。澳门威尼斯人度

近 10 万平方米的购物中心；占地近 11.15 万平方米的会展空间；

然扩容，事实证明，他们的判断是错误的。开业当天，游客

假村获得认可的一年后，即 2008 年 8 月，该公司首次在金光

可容纳 1.5 万人的金光综艺馆；专门为太阳马戏团特别建造的

们蜂拥而至，使得该地区的交通一度陷入停顿。度假村以拉

大道（金沙集团的一个商标名）其余部分的规划中加入了豪

The Global Financial Crisis had made its way to China by late

2000 座的剧院，一个 3.4 万平方米的赌场，规模比拉斯维加

斯维加斯为设计模板，充满异国情调的外观和氛围令游客仿

华项目。随后开业的五星级豪华酒店澳门百利宫由久负盛名

2008, and its effect began to be felt by the industry. Visitation

澳门汇 12/19

BUT THEN ….

澳门汇 12/19

的四季酒店集团运营，面向眼光更为挑剔的客户，同样获得

旅游造成了突然冲击。同时个人自由行也受到限制，上市博

了商业上的成功。

彩公司的投资者纷纷离场。拉斯维加斯金沙集团是受影响最

澳门威尼斯人的再次成功对其他持牌公司是一个极大的鼓励，于是他们也马不停蹄地开始规划自己的路氹城项目。但从后续几年的局势发展可以看出，有高潮就会有低谷，但

严重的公司之一，在短短数月内其股价从 140 多美元的高点跌至不到 2 美元的低点。回顾过去，全球金融危机的冲击是短暂的。但在当时，

新濠博亚还是把目光投向了现代主义风格的新濠天地，而银

博彩业收入在短暂萎缩后是否会趋于稳定，市场对此并不抱

河则是继续推进其亚洲主题旗舰度假酒店澳门银河。金沙集

希望。新项目的资金枯竭了。不久后续影响就显现了，有些

团公布了其 “ 第 5、6 号地块 ” 项目的规划，该项目位于威尼

项目不得不推迟。12 月份，金沙集团宣布需要暂时搁置其庞

斯人对面，后来被称为金沙城中心。到这时酒店业的发展似

大的金沙城中心项目，从而导致数千名建筑工人失业，计划

乎遇到了瓶颈。

稍后继续，该项目并于 2012 年 4 月完工。银河没有明确宣布任何资金紧缩，但还是放慢了其项目的开发。

市场走向低迷到 2008 年底，全球金融危机已波及中国，酒店业开始感受到其影响。2008 年早些时候，赴澳旅游人数已经开始减少，其中也有受内地自由行政策调整影响的因素。此时博彩业收入尚未受到严重影响。

新濠博亚此时已经为其新濠天地项目筹集了必要的资金，仍在坚持推进。

逐步复苏但他们的担心并没有持续太久。到 2009 年 5 月，新濠

不过中国同样无法逃脱全球金融危机的影响，在 2008

天地开业时，博彩收入开始逐步恢复增长。这是因为中国政

年第三季度前后，也就是四季酒店开业之际，国际银行系统

府决定推出 4 万亿人民币的经济刺激计划，为受到出口市场

开始冻结，贸易流动开始停滞。这对支持 VIP 业务增长的公费

需求下降打击的中国经济注入了一支强心剂。

银河娱乐集团二期扩展后，引入了广受欢迎的天浪淘园项目 Galaxy Macau's second phase changed the Cotai landscape with a resort deck that included a wave pool and lazy river.

had already begun to slow earlier in the year, but this had partly

Looking back, the shock of the GFC turned out to be short-

been artificially induced by the Guangdong provincial govern-

lived. But at the time, the markets were uninterested in gaming

ment, which had instituted restrictions on special outbound

revenues that had stabilized, after a brief contraction. Funding

permits for the two SARs, known as the Individual Visitor Scheme.

dried up for the new projects. Soon it became apparent that some

Gaming revenues had not yet been seriously hurt.

would have to be delayed. Sands announced in December that

Around the third quarter of 2008, however, just as the Four

it would need to mothball its massive Sands Cotai Central proj-

Seasons had opened, it became apparent that China was not

ect, laying off thousands of construction workers. It would later

going to escape contagion from the GFC. International banking

resume and be completed in April 2012. Galaxy did not explicitly

systems had begun to freeze and trade flows had begun to dry up.

announce any retrenchment, but it slowed down development of

This caused a sudden shock to the middlemen who supported the

its project.

growth of the VIP segment, known as the junkets. Coming at the same time as the IVS curbs, investors in listed gaming companies 2018 年，何超琼主礼美狮美高梅开幕

美狮美高梅酒店将一个新概念引入市场，其天幕广场是位于酒店

Pansy Ho opens MGM Cotai in 2018.

中心的一个巨大的玻璃圆顶庭院 MGM Cotai opened a stunning new concept with “The Spectacle”, an immersive high-tech experience under a gigantic dome.

澳门汇 12/19

headed for the exits. Las Vegas Sands was among the worst-hit, with its stock falling from a high of more than US$140 to a low of less than US$2 within months.

Melco, which had already raised the necessary funding for its City of Dreams project, pushed bravely ahead.

SAVED BY THE BELL They didn’t have to worry long. By the time City of Dreams

澳门汇 12/19

数月内，中国大陆的基础设施项目再次推动了经济增长，

had opened, in May 2009, revenue growth was resuming, albeit

资金流入澳门。截至年底，澳门博彩业总收入再次实现正增长，

gradually. This was because the Chinese government had decided

2010 年澳门博彩业实现了有史以来最强劲的增长（同比增长

to backstop the country’s economy, which had been hammered

57.8% ）。

by a drop of demand in its export markets, by launching a RMB 4

新濠天地呈现的新貌，恰好完全迎合了市场需求。颇

trillion stimulus package.

具现代感的玻璃和钢混结构外观，加上 Hard Rock、Crown 和

Within months, infrastructure projects on the mainland had

Hyatt 等品牌相继入驻，牢牢抓住了更年轻的游客。与对面

stoked growth once again, and the runoff was flowing into Macau.

的威尼斯人酒店形成鲜明对比，契合澳门向游客提供多样化

By the end of the year, gross gaming revenues were in positive

服务的理念，漫步于路氹城街道，仿佛置身于多个不同景点，

territory once more, and 2010 turned out to be the sharpest

形成了一条多姿多彩的 “ 商业街 ”。

upward recovery recorded in the industry’s history (+57.8% YoY).

与此同时，此前的个人游限制放缓，旅游市场又恢复了活力。金融危机结束了，股市反弹。

City of Dreams turned out also to be just what the market wanted. With a glass-and-steel façade, and brands such as Hard

与此同时，银河娱乐加快了其位于路氹西侧大型项目的

Rock, Crown and Hyatt, the property was aimed at a younger

进度。2011 年 5 月，银河 20 亿美元项目的第一阶段启动，这

audience. It helped to diversify Macau’s offerings to visitors by

一时机十分完美，因为游客数量和收入的增长都十分强劲。

contrasting with the Venetian, which was just across the road,

供应再次引发需求，银河澳门为路氹城开辟了新局面，从而

giving Cotai’s main street the feel of a multiple-attraction desti-

进一步增加了对游客的吸引力。

nation – a “strip”.

此外，凭借悦榕庄和大仓等酒店品牌，银河澳门还进入

At the same time, the IVS restrictions were removed, and

了其他亚洲客源市场。澳门银河酒店以亚洲为主题，以 “ 傲视

the visitor market came storming back. The crisis was over, and

世界，情系亚洲 ” 为座右铭，开业第一天就大获成功。后来酒

stocks rebounded.

店进行了二期扩建，引进了万豪酒店和丽思卡尔顿酒店等顶

Galaxy, meanwhile, upped the work tempo on its massive

级品牌，并开设了一个广受欢迎的户外日光浴平台，包括一

project, situated on the western side of Cotai. When it opened its

个冲浪池、人工海滩和一条供娱乐之用的 “ 漂流河 ”。

US$2 billion first phase in May 2011, the timing was perfect, as

2010-2012 年是经济发展最活跃的几年，收入源源不断。

visitation and revenues were up strongly. Supply was again beget-

中国的国内生产总值增长率达到了两位数，这主要是由高水

ting demand, and Galaxy Macau added a new dimension to Cotai,

平的信贷推动的。人们似乎再次看到了澳门无限的上升潜力，

further widening its base of appeal to visitors.

以前不愿在路氹城投资的持牌公司都纷纷宣布开建项目 : 永

With hotel brands such as Banyan Tree and Okura, more-

利、美高梅和澳博都开始砸下重金，推出令人眼花缭乱的新

over, Galaxy Macau reached into other Asian source markets.

计划，数年后这些项目即将开花结果。

Focused on Asian-themed attractions and its “World Class, Asian

2011 年，来自港澳的显赫人物与吕氏家族一同参加澳门银河开幕典礼 Senior political leaders from Hong Kong and Macau join the Lui family at the opening of Galaxy Macau in 2011.

与此同时，随着中国的中产阶级购物大军涌入澳门，大

Heart” motto, Galaxy Macau was a resounding success from the

growth rates, fueled by high levels of credit pumping through

excitement, too, as Macau began attracting China’s middle-class

型流行音乐会和体育赛事也纷纷上演，非博彩类娱乐项目开

first day. It later expanded with a second phase, which brought in

the economy. Macau’s upside potential again seemed limitless,

shopping hordes, while major pop concerts and sports events

始引发人们的兴趣。随着大量资金的流入，澳门顺理成章成

the elite Marriott and Ritz Carlton brands, and opened a popular

and concessionaires that had previously stood back from Cotai

were being staged. Money was being pumped into making Macau

为了全球最大的娱乐旅游圣地。

outdoor sun deck, including a wave pool, artificial beach, and a

investments began announcing projects of their own: Wynn, MGM

the world’s biggest entertainment destination.

“lazy river” for tubing.

and SJM all began putting shovels in the ground on dazzling new

2012 年的一个重要事件是，10 月中国共产党推举出了最新领导人，其后展开的一系列改革，使中国呈现了全新的局面。

澳门汇 12/19

These were the go-go years of 2010-2012, when revenues were pouring in. China was recording double-digit GDP

plans that would come to fruition years later. Meanwhile, non-gaming entertainment started to generate

The only thing was, nobody had reckoned yet with the reformist zeal of China’s new paramount leader, who took office atop the Communist Party in October 2012.

澳门汇 12/19

THE EXPERIENCE YEARS 经验积累期

AS CHINA CHANGES, MACAU EVOLVES 澳门融入国家变革

关

MACAU CAN DOUBLE ITS ROOM CAPACITY, SAYS SANDS CHINA BOSS 助力经济多元化 Wilfred Wong, president of Sands China, clearly likes to talk

于如何更好地做企业公民，上一个十年的后半段给大家上了生动一课。

到 2012 年中，分析人士开始越来越清楚地认识到，中国不会永远大水漫灌式地刺激经济。中国经济正变得过度依赖信贷，而且过多的流动资金已经通过贵宾厅流入澳门，导致这些贵宾厅在博彩收入的份额飙升至近 70％。 2012 年底，中国央行开始控制信贷增长和打击非银行金融机构扩张。这比 2008-2009 年的金融危机对贵宾厅的冲击更大。收紧政策打击了贵宾厅的客源市场，并对偿付能力形成了挑战，而不仅仅是对流动资金的挑战。客户开始拖欠贷款，这让贵宾厅无所适从。尽管收入未完全陷入负增长，但增速已降至个位数，这令所有人感到恐慌。 2012 年 4 月，延期已久的金沙城中心恰在此时向日渐疲软的市场开放。该酒店新建了 6000 间酒店客房，横跨三座大楼，对客房存量是一个极大的补充。不过，该中心为未来的增长提供了良好的条件，并进一步丰富了产品：增设了商店、水疗中心、餐厅和剧院等。值得庆幸的是，紧缩政策只实行很短的时间。2013 年初，央行意识到收紧过快，于是再次放宽了货币政策。从 2013 年中到 2014 年中，中国大陆的增长率出现反弹，澳门也紧随其后： 2013 年澳门博彩业收入增长了接近 2 成。事实证明，短暂低迷后的复苏只是真正打击的开始。 2013 年底开始，全中国掀起反腐行动的高潮，对澳门博彩收入产生了影响，澳门博彩业收入在接下来的三年持续衰退：2014 年为 -2.6%，2015 年为 -34.3%，2016 年是 -3.3%。反腐行动暂告一段落后，进入了 “ 新常态 ”。

改革恰逢其时 2014 年 12 月，在澳门回归 15 周年之际，习主席访问了

about the topic of Macau’s economic diversification. He starts the conversation by reeling off some basic statistics.

The latter part of the past decade has provided lessons, well-

“Among the six operators, we are the most diversified, in

heeded, in how to be better corporate citizens, while some

many senses,” he says. “Consider this: We account for 40% of all

spectacular new resorts have opened. By mid-2012, it had started to become clearer to analysts

hotel rooms; 85% of all MICE floorspace; 55% of total retail floor-

that China was not going to keep the stimulus taps wide open

space; 53 of total number of entertainment-venue seating; and

forever. The country’s economy had become too dependent on

45% of total non-gaming revenue.” Wong’s concern going forward, however, is not only for

credit, and too much of the excess liquidity had been flowing into

Sands China, but for the entire Macau economy.

Macau through the junkets, which had seen their share of gaming

“If Macau is to develop further, particularly in the area of

revenues soar to nearly 70% of the total. Ahead of the all-important 18th Party Congress, which

meetings and conventions, we will need significantly more hotel

installed a new generation of leadership in October, 2012, the

rooms,” Wong says. “If we are to continue to diversify, rooms are

country’s central bank starting reining in credit growth and crack-

a must.”

ing down on the proliferation of non-banking financial institutions.

Pointing out that most of Macau’s integrated resorts are

It came as a shock bigger than the 2008-2009 financial crisis to

running at more than 90% room occupancy rates, Wong believes

the junkets. The tightening hit their end-customer base and cre-

that capacity can be more than doubled in the next 5-10 years.

ated solvency challenges, rather than mere liquidity challenges.

Whether this happens in Macau, or across the border in Hengqin, is up to the government to decide.

Clients started defaulting on credit lines, which was something

金沙中国总裁王英伟（Wilfred Wong）很乐意谈论澳门经济多

the junkets were not accustomed to. Revenues never quite went

元化的话题。他从一些基本数据开始介绍。他说：“ 在六家经

The math is simple. “We now have around 40,000 hotel

into negative territory, but the slowdown to single-digit growth

营者中，我们在许多方面都是最为多元化的一家，可以看到

rooms in Macau, which is similar to what Las Vegas had back in

spooked everyone.

我们酒店客房数占到所有酒店总数的 40%，会展建筑面积占

the 1980s,” Wong says. “Today, Las Vegas has 150,000 hotel

总的 85%，还有总零售建筑面积占总的 55%，此外所有娱乐场

rooms.”

It was unfortunate timing for Sands, as the long-delayed Sands Cotai Central opened into a softening market in April, 2012. Its 6,000 new hotel rooms, across three towers, were a large addition to inventory. Still, the property was well-positioned for future growth, and it further diversified the company’s offerings, with new shops, spas, restaurants and theaters. Thankfully, the tightening was short-lived. Soon after Xi Jinping took over as General Secretary (he became President the

所我们占了 53 个，非博彩总收入中有 45% 是我们的。” 然而，王英伟话锋一转，表露了对未来的担忧，不仅仅是针对金沙中国，也是针对整个澳门经济。王英伟说：“ 如果澳门要进一步发展，特别是在会议领域，

Granted, Wong says, Macau does not have the same landmass or the same supporting industries and services as Las Vegas does. “But is it realistic to expect that Macau could double the number of hotel rooms? I believe so. This would make a big

我们就需要大幅增加酒店客房数。并且如果我们想要继续推

difference to developing the MICE business. At the moment, we

进多样化，充足的客房也是必不可少的。”

are constrained because big conventions need hotel inventory.

王英伟指出，澳门大多数综合度假村的客房入住率均超

And because a large percentage of rooms need to be kept open

澳门，他勉励这座城市在经济多元化方面，应该可以做得更好。

following March), the central bank realized it had tightened too

过 90%，他认为，在未来 5-10 年内，客房容量可能会翻一番。

for gaming customers, we sometimes cannot accept big events

彼时博彩收入已经出现明显的衰退。主席的话受到重视，对

quickly, and so it loosened up again. From the middle of 2013 to

不过，增加的客房容量是落到澳门，还是跨境落到横琴，这

here. Therefore, adding new rooms – for everyone – would help

多元化的执着追求已经开始创造改变澳门的未来 —— 由所有的

the middle of 2014, growth rates on the mainland rebounded, and

就有待政府决策了。

to diversify the economy.”

澳门汇 12/19

Macau followed suit: gaming revenues in 2013 ended up nearly 20% higher. As it turned out, the brief downturn and subsequent recov-

Resort expansion plans, such as Wynn's US$2b Crystal Pavilion, are focused on non-gaming entertainment.

参与者共同塑造。后来几年上线的新项目每平方英尺的预算更高，因为运营商都在纷纷提高非博彩产品的品质。首先是澳门新濠影汇酒店，该酒店于 2015 年 10 月开业，新濠国际度假村以合资企业的形式持有其多数股权。新濠影

Fortunately, Macau has the Greater Bay Area masterplan as

门有大约 40000 间酒店客房，几乎与拉斯维加斯在 20 世纪

a guide to the future, which suggests Hengqin can help to support

80 年代相当。而现在，拉斯维加斯拥有 15 万间酒店客房。”

Macau’s non-gaming development. “President Xi Jinping has said

王英伟指出，澳门并没有拉斯维加斯那种规模的土地面

many times that Hengqin and Macau must cooperate to grow

In late 2013, reports started surfacing of a major anti-cor-

积和配套产业和服务，“ 既然这样，指望澳门酒店客房数量

their businesses together,” Wong adds. “This makes sense and we

ruption campaign being waged across China. Officials were being

翻倍番还现实吗？我认为可行。这将对发展会展产业产生重

would like to support Hengqin’s growth.

rounded up by the hundreds, and then the thousands. President Xi

大影响。当前，我们受限的原因在于，一方面大型会议需要

showed that he was not kidding around in calling for the Party to

大量酒店房，另一方面很大一部分客房需要对博彩客户开放，

ing development of the MICE business has got to be done hand-

clean up its act. These intensified in early 2014 as senior officials,

这就造成我们有时无法接待大型活动。有鉴于此，面向所有

in-hand with government policy,” Wong says. “Even though we

including former security czar Zhou Yongkang, were targeted.

类型客户增加新客房，这将有助于实现经济多元化。”

have been able to grow our business from other countries around

ery was just a prelude to the real crackdown to come.

永利皇宫酒店二期工程还将耗资 20 亿美元，主要开拓非博彩业务

从数据来看其实很容易理解。王英伟说：“ 我们现在在澳

The crackdown had a deleterious effect on Macau, pushing

幸运的是，澳门现在拥有大湾区总体规划作为未来发展

gaming revenues into the red, where they stayed for the next

指南，这表明横琴可以帮助和支持澳门的非博彩业发展。“ 习

three years: 2014 was -2.6%; 2015 was -34.3%; 2016 was -3.3%.

近平主席多次表示，横琴和澳门要相互合作，共同发展，” 王

Management at the concessionaires and investors in listed stocks

英伟补充道。“ 这是有道理的，我们也愿意支持横琴的发展。”

were left wondering whether the party was well and truly over. As it turned out, the party was over. But a new mission was about to begin.

TIME FOR A CHANGE

签证政策在这方面也可以起到作用。“ 会展业务的持续发展必须与政府政策齐头并进，” 王英伟说。“ 尽管我们能够从亚洲其它国家和世界其它地方拓展客源，但来自中国内地的游客仍将是我们的主要市场。如果内地能够继续采取更加宽松的签证发放方式，那将进一步促进产业发展。”

汇酒店配备有令人惊叹的户外 8 字型摩天轮、蝙蝠侠主题的

President Xi had visited Macau in December 2014, for the

除了会展业务之外，王英伟认为公司的非博彩业务在许

交互式 VR 体验区、永不落幕的魔术表演，以及举行音乐会和

15th anniversary of the handover, when he exhorted the city to do

多方面都有持续增长的潜力。“ 我们在非博彩娱乐领域所做的

其他活动的舞台，这是推进多样化未来的大胆举措。在新濠

better in diversifying its business model. Gaming revenues were

一切努力，无论是菲尔 · 米克尔森之旅、席琳 · 迪翁音乐会、

天地中还补充增加了令人耳目一新的水舞间表演。该表演于

already toe-deep in red ink by then. I took awhile to sink in, but his

体育赛事，还是古典音乐会等等，都是为了支持政府建设世

2010 年推出，由佛朗哥 · 德拉贡（Franco Dragone）创编。

words began to be heeded, and the future of Macau began to be

界休闲和旅游中心的愿景，” 王英伟说。

Visa policy could also be helpful in this regard. “The continu-

Asia and elsewhere in the world, visitors from China are still our primary market. If the Chinese government can continue to take a more relaxed approach to granting visas, that would help to develop the business further.” Besides the MICE business, Wong sees continuing growth potential in many aspects of the company’s non-gaming business. “All we have done in the non-gaming entertainment space – the Phil Mickelson visit, the Celine Dion concert, the sporting events, the classical music concerts, and so forth – is being done to support the government’s aspirations to become a world center for leisure and tourism,” he says. The balance between gaming and non-gaming has always been in the company’s DNA, Wong adds. “If you look at the last 15 years, you can see that we clearly kept our promise to Macau to help it diversify. And it is ongoing. The Londoner redevelopment,

一年后，永利澳门酒店惊艳了整个市场。如同它的品质

shaped by a more focused commitment to diversification – by all

王英伟进一步补充道，在博彩和非博彩之间保持平衡一

for instance, will include a new theatre seating 5,500 people. This

魅力一样，永利皇宫酒店 42 亿美元的惊人造价同样吸引了众

of its participants. New projects that came online in the coming

直都深植于公司的基因当中。“ 如果你看过去 15 年的情况，你

shows you how we feel about the potential of the non-gaming

多目光。在 2016 年 8 月开业时，斯蒂芬 · 永利称它为世界上

years carried higher budgets per square foot as operators hus-

会发现我们兑现了帮助澳门多元化的承诺，而且并未止步于

entertainment market in Macau.”

最美丽的度假胜地，许多评论人士也同意这一说法。这里有

tled to improve the quality of their non-gaming offerings.

此。譬如，伦敦人重建项目将包括一个可容纳 5500 人的新剧

It is the same in shopping. “Although we already have 850

市场上最大的 1700 套套房，装修时毫不吝惜。和酒店同期开

First up was Studio City, majority owned in a joint venture by

业的还有高端品质的水疗中心、餐厅和商店，除此之外还有

Melco Resorts, which opened in October 2015. Complete with an

购物领域也是一样。他说：“ 虽然我们商场里已经有 850

一个更大的表演湖，缆车在湖上穿梭。

amazing outdoor figure-of-eight ferris wheel, a Batman-themed

家商店，但需求仍在不断增长，在我们看来，零售业前景一

永利皇宫酒店二期工程还将耗资 20 亿美元，将增建另一

interactive VR experience, a permanent magic show and an arena

片光明。”

座拥有 650 间套房的酒店大楼，这将是一个独一无二的大型

for concerts and other events, Studio City was a bold commit-

旅游胜地项目，包括一个 “270 度全沉浸式娱乐剧场 ” 和一个

ment to a diversified future. It complemented the incredible

“ 人们一直问我，’ 你们为什么这么自信？ ’，如果我们采取观

see attitude, it would mean we would lose three to four years of

提供各种亚洲美食的 “ 终极美食大厅 ”。此外，水晶莲宫还将

House of Dancing Water show at City of Dreams, launched back

望态度，就会失去三到四年的发展机遇，我们不可能这么做。

development. We don’t want to do that, because we have long-

容纳一座 “ 与世界一流的艺术博物馆合作 ” 的艺术博物馆。

in 2010 and produced by Franco Dragone.

而且，我们对澳门有着长期的信心。”

term confidence in Macau.”

澳门汇 12/19

院。可见我们非常看好澳门非博彩娱乐市场潜力。”

王英伟说，所有的信心都是建立在长期发展的基础上的。

shops in our malls, demand is still growing,” Wong says. “We see a bright future ahead in retail.” All of this confidence is underpinned by a long-term approach to development, Wong says. “People keep asking me, ‘Why are you guys so confident?’ If we were to adopt a wait and

澳门汇 12/19

MGM CHINA: LEADER IN CULTURAL TOURISM 美高梅中国：引领文化旅游行业

在永利皇宫开业之时，随着中国的反腐运动开始进入 “ 新

A year later, it was Wynn Macau’s turn to wow the

常态 ”，博彩业收入刚刚开始触底。这对 2016 年 9 月开业的

market. The staggering US$4.2 billion price tag for Wynn

澳门巴黎人来说是个好兆头。事实证明，这座以大众为中心

Palace turned almost as many heads as did the quality of the

的新酒店吸引了大量游客，尤其是那些被吸引到它标志性的

property. Steve Wynn called it the most beautiful resort in

艾菲尔铁塔复制品的游客。自开业以来，该酒店拥有 3000

the world when it opened in August 2016, and many commen-

间客房，入住率一直很高，其购物中心和餐厅更是成为路氹

tators agreed. With 1,700 of the largest suites in the market,

金光大道上的新景点。

it seemed as if no expense had been spared in decorating the

通过技术创新重塑艺术表达形式，为澳门民众、大湾区 7000

place, which also opened with award-winning spas, restaurants

万人以及每年 3500 多万访澳游客提供多元化的艺术和娱乐体

2018 年 2 月，美狮美高梅酒店将一个新概念引入市场，重点

and shops, plus a bigger performance lake, this time with cable

验。

关注艺术和环保美学。天幕广场是位于酒店中心的一个巨大

cars crossing it.

美高梅在路氹新建的美狮美高梅是另一个惊艳之处。

我们一直在尽力推动文化旅游发展，今后仍将在此方面

In its second phase, which will cost another US$2 billion,

持续发力，以帮助将澳门打造成为世界旅游与休闲中心。只

Wynn Palace is to add another hotel tower with 650 suites,

要我们的团队团结一心，奋发努力，我们就有信心牢牢抓住

与此同时，新濠国际度假村还新添了一座迷人的酒店

a “one-of-a-kind public entertainment attraction,” including a

这个新时代带给美高梅和澳门的绝佳机遇。

塔楼 —— 摩珀斯，由已故的伟大建筑师扎哈 • 哈迪德（Zaha

“270-degree fully-immersive entertainment theater,” and a

Hadid）设计。这家拥有 800 间客房的酒店拥有高端餐厅，自

“destination food hall” offering a wide variety of regional Asian

2018 年 6 月开业以来，在口碑和商业上都取得了重大成功。

cuisines. Moreover, the Crystal Pavilion will also house an art

的玻璃圆顶庭院，在这里自然光与墙壁上的巨大 LCD 屏幕相融合，非凡的场景令游客站在庭院中间会有超现实的体验。

合力铸辉煌所有这些酒店共同铸就了澳门这个世界级的旅游胜地。

何超琼，美高梅中国控股有限公司联席主席兼执行董事

museum in “partnership with a world-class art museum”.

With art and entertainment being at the heart of our brand since

At the time of Wynn Palace’s opening, gaming revenues

2007, MGM China has been established as a leader in cultural

were just starting to bottom out as the anti-corruption campaign

尽管在撰写这期庆祝特刊时，天空似乎又暗了下来，各家持

in China had started to enter a “new normal” phase. This augured

牌公司在过去一年的大部分时间里，营收都是负增长，但实

well for The Parisian Macao, which opened the following month,

际上，这与以往的艰难情境还是有很大区别。

in September, 2016. And so it has proved to be, as the new

tourism. MGM has created a state-of-the-art cultural and creative platform, one that makes the wildest dreams possible and where innovation lends itself to the convergence of ingenious thoughts,

我们已经吸取了教训，头脑更聪明，目光也更多地集中

mass-focused property has been a hit with visitors, especially

cultivating one-of-a-kind experiences. This realizes our commit-

在大众市场上。尽管香港遇到了麻烦，导致旅游团由此也远

those drawn to its iconic replica of the Eiffel Tower. Its 3,000

ment to bringing Macau to the world, and the world to Macau.

离澳门，但游客人数仍在继续增长。澳门博彩业收入再次转

rooms have had high occupancy rates since opening, and its mall

We endeavor to reinvent art expression through innovative tech-

为正增长只是时间问题，而这一次，人们普遍认为，随着澳

and restaurants have rounded out the company’s compelling list

nology, offering diversified art and entertainment experiences

门对不稳定的 VIP 业务不再那么依赖，澳门未来的增长将更具

of attractions across the “Cotai Strip”.

for local people, 70 million population of the Greater Bay Area,

可持续性。

The most recent property to open in Cotai, built by MGM,

as well as over 35 million visitors to Macau every year.

还有一些项目将在 2022 年优惠政策到期之前开幕。这

has been another stunner. In February 2018, MGM Cotai

些项目包括澳门上葡京综合度假村、银河娱乐度假城 3 期和 4

brought a new concept into the market, with a heavy focus on

期等扩建项目，以及金沙中国将金沙城中心改造成 “ 伦敦人 ”

art and environmentally aware aesthetics. “The Spectacle”, as

自 2007 年以来，美高梅中国就一直以艺术和娱乐作为企业的

Tourism and Leisure. Together with the unity and hard work of our

的项目。数十亿美元正注入这些项目。

it is called, is a huge glass-domed courtyard at the center of

品牌核心，现已成为文化旅游行业的领军企业。

team members, we are confident that we can seize the opportu-

包括这些扩建在内，在上个经营期届满、下个经营期开始之前，博彩业即投资大约 500 亿美元。对于一个在 2001 年招标时希望吸引 10 亿美元的城市来说，这是一个不错的回报。

澳门汇 12/19

We have been striving to promote cultural tourism and will continue to do so in shaping Macau into a World Center of

the property, which allows natural light to blend with gigan-

美高梅公司搭建了最高水准的文化和创意平台，这是一

tic LCD screens lining the walls, flashing scenes from photo

个可以让最狂野的梦想成真的平台，在这个平台上，创新可

and video artists. Standing in the middle of it can be a surreal

以促使思想碰撞与融合，营造出独一无二的体验。这实现了

experience.

我们让澳门走向世界，让世界走进澳门的承诺。我们致力于

nities brought about by this new era for both MGM and Macau. Pansy Ho, Co-Chairperson & Executive Director of MGM China Holdings Limited

澳门汇 12/19

MELCO RESORTS: PIONEER IN PREMIUM ENTERTAINMENT 新濠博亚娱乐有限公司：卓越娱乐先锋新濠博亚娱乐有限公司为一家在亚洲及欧洲经营娱乐场博彩及娱乐度假村业务的发展商及资产拥有者，其国际业务持续扩张，

In the meantime, Melco has also added a mes-

在澳门、菲律宾和塞浦路斯等地都有经营综合度假村业务。

merizing new hotel tower, Morpheus, designed by the

新濠致力于成为高端旅游、休闲和娱乐业界先锋，提供世

late, great Zaha Hadid. The 800-room hotel, with high-

界级产品及服务。新濠成立于 2004 年，2006 年纳斯达克上市，

end restaurants, has been a critical and commercial

目前公司拥有超过 21,000 名员工。

success since opening in June 2018.

新濠的愿景是通过应用创新产品和服务来塑造综合度假村

THAT’S THE SUM OF IT

的未来。通过在综合度假村业务中不断推陈出新，并实施全球市场扩展战略，进一步巩固在行业中的领先地位。

Taken together, all of these properties have

‘ 澳门在透过举办大型表演吸引游客到访的能力远超预期。

built Macau into a world-class destination for visitors.

这座城市为游客呈献的娱乐景点的种类和品质均出色卓越，我们也非常欣喜新濠能够为来澳的家庭游客带来不同创新独特的娱乐项目。新濠的福布斯和米其林星数目屡创纪录，我们的大型水上汇演《水舞间》持续成为澳门的热门娱乐项目，而我们旗下综和吸引力。此外，伙伴关系和合作精神更进一步成为推动澳门前进的动力，而政府在促进澳门非博彩业娱乐的多元发展上也扮演着重要角色。澳门的曝光率和地位，同时也意味着这城市的未来将一片光明。’ “Macau is punching well above its weight when it comes to putting on a show and attracting significant numbers of visitors. The range and quality of attractions the city now has to offer is Melco Resorts & Entertainment Limited is a developer, owner and operator of gaming and entertainment resort facilities with an expanding international presence, including in Macau, the Philippines and Cyprus. Melco strives to be a pioneer in premium travel, leisure and entertainment and deliver world-class offerings that go beyond gaming to satisfy tomorrow’s most sophisticated international travelers. Established in 2004 and listed on the NASDAQ in 2006, Melco today employs over 21,000 people. Melco’s mission is to shape the future of gaming and enter-

remarkable and it’s exciting to see Melco pioneering new offerings for a more family-oriented audience. Our record-breaking number of Forbes and Michelin stars, the relentless popularity of our headline show The House of Dancing Water, and the iconic status of our resorts play a major role in the visibility and appeal of this city. But it’s partnership and collaboration that are powering the city forward, with the Government playing a central role in the diversification and maturation of Macau’s beyond gaming appeal. Macau’s emergence as the entertainment and hospitality

tainment by implementing innovative products and services. Our

hub of the Greater Bay Area further strengthens its visibility and

leading position in the industry has been strengthened through

importance and means the future for the city is brighter than ever.”

launching innovative concepts at our integrated resorts and global market expansion strategy.

澳门汇 12/19

澳门投资 1000 亿港元，主要用于开发和经营包括综合度假村、零售、餐饮、酒店和博彩设施等在内的庞大项目组合。多年来，银河娱乐集团一直以兼具东西文化之长的管理风格经

it had seemed like the skies were darkening again, with

营酒店。顺应政府的多元化政策，秉承 “ 傲视世界、情系亚洲 ” 的

revenues in negative territory for most of the past

服务理念，我们旗下所有酒店均广受市场好评，凭借面向家庭的便

year, in fact, the situation among the concessionaires is

利设施和优质客户服务而屡获各类专业奖项和荣誉。银河娱乐集团通过促进澳门中小企业发展、加强青年教育、做

Lessons have been learned. Heads are wiser. Eyes

大文化艺术产业、促进体育发展、倡导环保和环保意识、推动有序

are more focused on the mass market. Headcounts

博彩、营造和谐包容社会等多元化的方式，为把澳门建成 “ 世界旅

are continuing to grow, despite the troubles affecting

游休闲中心 ” 并实现可持续发展不断做出贡献。

Hong Kong, which are keeping tour groups away from

澳门正逐渐成为大湾区的休闲娱乐度假中心，进一步提升

Lawrence Ho, Chairman and CEO 何猷龙，主席兼行政总裁

银河娱乐集团是全球顶尖的度假村、酒店和博彩公司之一，计划在

Although, at the time of writing this celebratory issue,

unlike it was in previous tough times.

合度假村更占据了标志性地位，这些均有助提升澳门的知名度

GALAXY ENTERTAINMENT GROUP: BLENDING EASTERN AND WESTERN CULTURES 银河娱乐集团：融汇中西文化

Lawrence Ho, Chairman and CEO

Macau, too. It is only a matter of time before gaming

Galaxy Entertainment Group is one of the world’s leading resorts,

revenues turn positive again, and this time, it is widely

hospitality and gaming companies and has a HK$100 billion planned

believed that Macau’s future growth will be more sus-

investment in Macau. It primarily develops and operates a large portfolio

tainable, as it becomes less dependent on the volatile

of integrated resort, retail, dining, hotel and gaming facilities in Macau.

VIP segment.

Over the years, GEG has operated its properties with a management

There are still projects that need to open before

style that blends the best of Eastern and Western cultures. Adapting

the concessions expire in 2022. These include the

to the Government’s diversification policy and underpinned by a “World

Grand Lisboa Palace, SJM’s long-delayed mega-resort

Class, Asian Heart” service philosophy, all our properties have been well

in Cotai, as well as extensions to existing projects, such as Galaxy’s Phase 3 and 4, and Sands China’s renovation of SCC into The Londoner. Billions of dollars more are flowing into these projects. Including these expansions, by the time the concessions expire, and before the new concessions that should be awarded soon begin, the gaming industry will have invested a total of roughly US$50 billion. That’s not bad a bad return for a city that in its 2001 tender had been hoping to attract US$1 billion.

received by the market and honored with various professional awards and accolades for the family-oriented amenities and customer service. Through a diversified approach of fostering the growth of Macau’s small and medium-sized enterprises, strengthening youth education, expanding the cultural and arts industry, promoting sports, advocating for environmental protection and awareness, promoting responsible gaming and cultivating an inclusive and harmonious society, GEG continually contributes to Macau’s development into a “World Centre of Tourism and Leisure” and its sustainable development.

澳门汇 12/19

特别报道

S P E C I A L F E AT U R E

GROW LOCALLY AND STAND WITH THE COMMUNITY 扎根本地，心系社群

作为澳门最大的综合度假村经营商，金沙中国致力履行企业社会责任，培育员工、支持供应商及回馈社区。 As the largest integrated resort operator in Macau, Sands China spares no effort in supporting its employees, suppliers and the community.

澳门汇 12/19

王英伟博士：人才是公司未来之所系

PEOPLE ARE OUR FUTURE, SAYS SANDS CHINA PRESIDENT

金

沙中国总裁王英伟博士说，金沙中国致力于投资澳门的未来，并继续投资更多元化的非博彩元素。王博士说道：“ 我们正竭尽所能，不仅为了

提升澳门形象，亦要提升整个大湾区的形象。我们正通过加强员工培训来提升公司的服务标准，此举对整个大湾区有所助益，使大湾区处于中国酒店业的前沿。”

王博士表示：“ 企业社会责任一直是公司的核心所在，我们认

“The chairman has made it clear that’s if we are given the

为回馈澳门社区是一项非常重要的举措。但这不仅仅是通过

opportunity we will continue to reinvest in Macau. There are

我们对大学、社服机构和其他社区团体的捐款，我们的员工

many other opportunities out there, but this is still the best one,”

也积极奉献他们的时间投入志愿活动，这让我们深感鼓舞。”

Wong says.

王博士所指的是 10 年前启动的 “ 金沙中国关怀大使 ” 计 “ 有如此强大的志愿者力量，我们真的能做很多事情。划。他说：

its facilities, but also in its people: those that work for the com-

这一点在台风 “ 天鸽 ” 肆虐期间表现得最为明显，我们的志愿

pany, those that supply it, and those that are part of the wider

者团队外出帮助清理灾区，恢复当地社区的服务，我们对他

community in which it operates.

们作出的努力深感自豪。”

system as an example. “We have over 300 small and medium

楚地表明了对澳门的承诺。截至目前，我们已经在澳门投资

enterprises in our system, accounting for around 20% of our total

了 130 亿美元，而且正对澳门伦敦人酒店、四季名荟酒店和

spend,” he says. “Yet we are also training them how to serve our

瑞吉酒店套房再投资 22 亿美元。” 王博士很快指出，这一切的愿景来自母公司主席兼首席

Sands China is committed to investing in Macau’s future, its presi-

执行官萧登 · 艾德森先生。王博士说：“ 主席艾德森先生总是

dent, Dr. Wilfred Wong, says, and he sees further potential ahead

高瞻远瞩。

and will continue to invest in more non-gaming elements.

以我们在澳门的每个重大发展历程为例：继澳门金沙

“We are doing what we can to raise not only the profile of

2004 年取得成功后，我们在路氹投资兴建澳门威尼斯人。接

Macau, but also of the Greater Bay Area,” Wong says. “We are

下来，公司陆续兴建澳门金沙城中心及澳门巴黎人。因此，

raising our standards, through enhanced training of our own staff,

若我们犹豫等待，那么将无法捕捉到随之而来的需求机遇。”

in a way that will likely help the entire GBA by bringing the region

门投资。虽然还有很多其他机会，但澳门的机会无疑仍是最有价值的。” 公司最重要的投资不仅在于设施，更在于人才：包括公司的员工、公司的供应商以及澳门社区成员。三者经常通过金沙中国推行的计划进行互动。王博士以公司的采购体系举例说明：“ 我们的供应商中有 300 多家中小微企，中小微企采购额供应额占公司总采购的 20% 左右。此外，

to the forefront of China’s hospitality industry.” As Wong points out, the company has never shied away from investment opportunities. “We have clearly demonstrated our commitment to Macau,” he says. “So far, we have invested US$13 billion here. And we are in the process of investing another US$2.2 billion on The Londoner, the new Four Seasons tower, and the new St Regis suites.” Wong is quick to point out that the vision for all this has

我们更为他们提供培训，让他们更好地与我们合作，为他们

come from the parent company’s chairman and CEO, Sheldon

创造新的机会。我们为中小微企提供财务援助，以便其更好

Adelson. “The chairman has always been actively looking ahead,”

地管理现金流。我们举办产品展示专场，让中小微企能够与

Wong says. “Take each of the major developments here: the suc-

我们的用户部门及商户代表会面。另外，我们通过金沙采购

cess of Sands Macao in 2004 was followed by our investment

学院提供免费培训课程。”

into The Venetian Macao in Cotai. And that, in turn was followed

王博士指出，企业培训是金沙中国在人力资源方面的一项重点工作：公司每年为员工提供超过 170 万小时的在职培训。而团队成员更将他们的关怀和才能传播到更广泛的社区。

澳门汇 12/19

Very often, the three interact through joint programs operated by Sands China. Wong cites the company’s procurement

王博士指出，金沙从不回避投资机会。他称 “ 我们已清

王博士说：“ 主席明确表示，如有机会，我们将继续在澳

The company’s most important investments are not only in

by Sands Cotai Central, and then The Parisian Macao. In each instance, if we had waited, we would not have been able to catch the demand that followed.”

needs better, to create new opportunities for them. We provide them with financial assistance, so they can manage their cashflow better. We provide invitational matching, which allows them to meet our staff and our tenants as well. And we provide training through the Sands Procurement Academy.” Corporate training is a key focus for Sands China for its own human resources, as well: the company spends more than 1.7 million hours a year on internal training, Wong points out. Team members, in turn, spread their talents and commitment to the wider community, Wong says. “Corporate social responsibility has always been at the heart of the company. We consider it very important to give back to the community in which we serve. But it is not only through our own donations to universities, local organizations and other community groups. We have been encouraged by the desire of our staff to get involved in donating their time, as well.” Wong is referring to the Sands Cares Ambassador program, which was launched 10 years ago. “With such a strong force of volunteers, there is really nothing that we cannot do,” Wong says. “This was most evident during the devastation caused by Typhoon Hato, when our teams went out and helped to cleanup areas and to restore services in local communities. We are very proud of their efforts.”

澳门汇 12/19

互助共融

DEDICATED TO A BETTER COMMUNITY

金

沙中国有限公司

At the same time, the Ambassadors also spare no effort to

shows and other events, providing opportunities for those in

贯彻母公司拉斯

assist in disaster relief work and consistently give back to society.

disadvantaged situations to more fully engage with the wider

维加斯金沙集团

Shortly after Typhoon Hato hit Macao in 2017, the company began

community.

所设立的 “ 金沙

mobilising its team members to help communities by providing

Meanwhile, series of events like Leather workshop with

关怀 ” 企业公民计划回馈澳门

professional and technical expertise from within the company

members of Fuhong society of Macau, sign language work-

社区，积极推动及履行企业社

and its network of associates, human resources, and financial

shops and training workshop for volunteering skills enable

会责任。

contributions to those appealing for immediate help, to assist with

Ambassadors to better understand the realities faced by the

longer term relief, recovery and rebuilding efforts in Macao.

disabled community. These types of learning experiences help

“ 金沙关怀 ” 计划引领集团在全球各地开展慈善工作，

During holidays and festivals, the Ambassadors organize

其中在澳门的主要项目包括：

various visits and celebrations such as CNY Elderly Gathering

在澳门社区开展义务工作的金沙中国关怀大使计划、向非牟利机构及社会企业捐款以及社

特区政府官员、各社福机构负责人及金沙中国管理层一同庆祝金沙中国关怀大使计划成立十周年 Government officials and community partners attend a gala dinner Aug. 29 to celebrate Sands China's team of volunteers for their decade of service to the Macao community

develop Ambassadors’ compassion, awareness and skills so they can better serve the community.

and Easter Celebration with YMCA kids. The Ambassadors also

The 10-year trip down has witnessed Sands China’s commit-

invite members of various community organisations to enjoy the

ment towards community outreach and service. The company looks

company’s exhibitions, anniversary celebrations, entertainment

forward to many more years of service to the Macao community.

区活动赞助等。金沙中国关怀大使计划作为 “ 金沙关怀 ” 计划的重要组成

A firm believer in the importance of corporate social responsi-

部分，自 2009 年 8 月成立以来，逾 3,300 位来自金沙中国旗

bility, Sands China Ltd. engages with the local Macao community

下各度假村的金沙中国关怀大使无私奉献了接近 100,000 个

as a part of Sands Cares – the charitable giving programme of

志愿服务时数，至今合作的社福机构已达 300 家。

parent company Las Vegas Sands Corp.

十年来，金沙中国关怀大使积极深入社区，组织及参与

Sands Cares integrates the company’s philanthropic work

各项社区活动，持续为本澳有需要人士送上关怀：除了每年

worldwide. Key areas of Sands Cares in Macao include the Sands

为独居长者进行岁晚大扫除以及赞助特奥关爱智障运动员健

Cares Ambassador programme for volunteering in the local

康计划，今年 6 月，约 30 名金沙中国关怀大使前往贵州，投

community; charitable contributions to NGOs and community

入从江县扶贫工作。同时，金沙中国亦支援各项救灾活动，

organisations; and sponsorship of community events.

身体力行回馈社会。 2017 年颱风 “ 天鸽 ” 袭澳后，金沙中国

The Sands Cares Ambassador programme is one of key

随即动员团队成员全力参与灾后复原工作，透过由内部团队

initiatives in Macao under Sands Cares. More than 3,300 volun-

及合作伙伴提供各项技术支援、专业服务、人手协助及经济

teers from across all Sands China properties have contributed

资助等 , 长远协助本澳灾后复原及社区重建工作。

100,000 hours of voluntary community service since the pro-

关怀大使每逢节庆举办不同的探访及庆祝活动，例如新春茶聚、与基督青年会共庆复活节等。适逢金沙中国举办展览、娱乐表演、周年庆等大型活动，关怀大使便邀请弱势社群参与，

关怀大使向本澳低洼地区的中小企商户派发台风应急包，协助准备台风防范措施怀 Sands Cares Ambassadors help distribute emergency typhoon response kits to SME shop owners in Macao’s low-lying areas to help them better prepare for typhoons

For the consecutive ten years, the Sands Cares Ambassadors

革共融工作坊、手语学习坊、义工服务培训等让关怀大使亲

out to serve those in need through organising and participating in

身感受有障碍人士的生活，丰富义工服务的知识和技能，为

various community events, such as annual spring cleaning for the

更好地服务社区作准备。

elderly and health check for Macau Special Olympic athletes. This June, A group of around 30 Sands Cares Ambassadors visited fami-

金沙中国及其团队成员一如既往履行社会责任，为构建更和

lies in Guizhou’s Congjiang County, as part of Sands China’s ongoing

谐社区出一分力。

poverty relief efforts in the county.

澳门汇 12/19

首批关怀大使于 6 月前往贵州从江县探访当地贫困农户，为公司持续落实对从江精准扶贫的举措之一 The first group of Sands Cares Ambassadors visit impoverished families in Guizhou's Cong jiang County in June, as part of Sands China’s ongoing poverty relief efforts in the county

organisations to date. have always expressed care for the vulnerable by actively reaching

关怀大使探访工联九澳护养院，与长者互动交流，送上爱心与欢乐 Sands Cares Ambassadors offer service and good cheer to elderly members of the Ka Ho elderly centre

gramme’s founding in August 2009, having worked with over 300

透过互动交流，协助他们融入社会。与此同时，参与扶康皮

十年点滴，见证了金沙中国推动及参与社会志愿服务，

金沙中国关怀大使自 2011 年起连续 9 年参与明爱慈善园游会 Sands Cares Ambassadors have volunteered at the Caritas Macau Charity Bazaar since 2011

澳门汇 12/19

互惠创商机

SUSTAINABLE PROCUREMENT

Sands China believes in investing in the local community, whether through efforts like volunteer work with local NGOs, or with initiatives like the local supplier support programme. In line with the Macao government’s initiative to “buy Local”, Sands China is the first Macao integrated tourism and leisure enterprise launched a long-term local supplier support programme in 2015. Sands China's Local Small, Medium and Micro Suppliers Support Programme has identified three types of local businesses to support: small and micro enterprises, “made in Macao” companies, and Macao young entrepreneurs, in order to contribute to the diversification of Macao’s economy and support these three types of enterprises. Sands China’s total procurement spend in 2018 was approx-

中小微企向金沙中国用户部门代表展示产品服务 Local SME suppliers showcase their products and services to potential purchasers from various Sands China departments.

imately MOP 10.9 billion, 77 percent of which was with local F.I.T. “ 飞腾 “ 计划为金沙中国持续支持澳门中小微企的其中一环 The F.I.T. programme was launched as part of Sands China’s Local Small, Medium and Micro Suppliers Support Programme.

金

suppliers. In 2017, the F.I.T. programme was launched as part of Sands China’s Local Small, Medium and Micro Suppliers Support

沙中国一直不遗余力投放资源于本地社区，不

Programme. F.I.T. is comprised of three pillars: financial support,

仅是举办或参与志愿活动，亦透过本地采购合

invitational matching, and training and development. For financial

作计划等支持本地企业，致力履行企业社会责

support, Sands China offers 30 percent advance payment to eligi-

任。

ble young entrepreneurs. Recently, the company also launched a special financing programme for its local SME suppliers, in coop-

2015 年起，金沙中国配合澳门特区政府优先本地采购及

eration with six local banks.

扶持中小微企的政策，是首家澳门综合旅游休闲企业率先推出本地采购合作计划并作为长期项目推行。合作计划定立了

The new programme offers faster, easier and more favour-

三类予以扶持的本地企业：小微企、澳门制造企业及澳门青

able bank financing loan products that support the development

创企业。这对推动澳门经济适度多元化，扶助本地中小微企

of local SMEs.

发展十分有利。从 2018 年统计数据可见，金沙中国于 2018 年的采购总额超过澳门币 109 亿，当中 77% 为本地采购。

多位嘉宾参与金沙中国 “ 邀商产品展示专场 ” VIP guests attend one of Sands China’s invitational matching sessions for local SME suppliers.

In addition, Sands China hosts targeted trade shows each year, providing a platform for local SMEs to present and demon-

金沙中国定期邀请中小微企于后勤区举办展销活动 Sands China regularly invites local SEMs to host roadshows at the back-of-house areas of its properties.

nearly 180 local SME suppliers have graduated from the academy and are given preferential procurement opportunities under otherwise equal circumstances.

strate their products and services to potential users and buyers

Sands China also supports local SMEs by periodically invit-

地中小微企利好的 F.I.T.“ 飞腾 ” 项目，包括 “ 财务支持 ”、“ 邀

课程，分享业务知识及营商技能，课程已举行六届，有近 180

at Sands China properties, with the company’s full support. Since

ing them to host roadshows at the back-of-house team member

商配对 ” 及 “ 培训发展 ” 三大部分。财务支持方面，金沙中国

家本地中小微企供应商毕业，享有同等条件下优先采购的机

their inception, these invitational matching sessions have focused

areas of Sands china properties, giving the SMEs a chance to

向本澳青创微企预付三成采购款项，最近更与六家本地银行

会金沙中国亦。

on food and beverage, hotel operation supplies and equipment,

promote their services and products to Sands China's more than

and other areas.

29,000 team members, while giving important brand exposure to

2017 年，金沙中国本地中小微企采购合作计划推出对本

合作，推出本地中小微企专属融资贷款计划，使中小微企灵

金沙中国亦邀请本地中小微企供应商到公司旗下各物业

活调动现金流。除了提供财务支持，金沙中国亦每年举办邀

德后勤区域举办员工优惠活动，提供向公司超过 2 万 9 千名

商产品展示专场，为本地中小微企提供免费的场地和平台，

员工介绍产品及服务平台，创造商机。

至今已先后举办以餐饮、酒店用品设施为主题的展示专场。同年成立的金沙采购学院为本地供应商提供行内首个同类型

澳门汇 12/19

未来，金沙中国亦将持续支持本地企业，协助本地中小微企不断成长。

Also established in 2017, The Sands Procurement Academy

these local businesses.

is another of the three components of F.I.T. Focused on practical

Building on past efforts, Sands China will continue to help

knowledge for participating SMEs, the training programme is

the community thrive and grow, by maintaining its support of

the first of its kind in the industry. Stepping into its sixth edition,

local enterprises.

澳门汇 12/19

特别报道

S P E C I A L F E AT U R E

GROW RESPONSIBLY 企业关怀

As a responsible corporate citizen, Wynn is committed to building a corporate culture of caring for society, which is reflected in its responsibility to society, business and the environment. 作为负责任的企业公民，永利致力建立关爱社会的企业文化，并反映在其对社会、企业、环境的责任之中。

澳门汇 12/19

关怀弱势永利秉承回馈社会的宗旨，致力参与及赞助慈善及公益活

内地的城市与偏乡山区。响应澳门特区政府与中联办的号

动，将爱心与关怀传递至社会每个角落。永利义工队于

召，永利与澳门会展产业联合商会携手合作，组织探访团

2010 年成立，至今已是第八年，举行了 100 多场社区活动，

并合办 “ 从江扶贫旅游推介文艺表演晚会 ”。公司更率领多

参与活动的义工人数也不断增加，现时己有超过 2，000

位义工、商会成员与本澳师生共 70 多人，分别于去年 11 月、

位义工 , 他们每年无私奉献了超过 15，000 小时的服务时

今年 3 月和 5 月先后到访从江开展扶贫工作。随后，永利

间。

捐出澳门币三百万元，用于支持当地透风漏雨旧房整治改 “ 永利关爱 ” 的足迹不仅遍及澳门本地，更到达祖国

造，以及兴建新鼓楼等扶贫攻坚专案。

永利捐出澳门币三百万元，用于支持从江建设 Wynn donated MOP 3 million fund the construction in Cong jiang.

CONTRIBUTING TO THE COMMUNITY

“ 永利关爱 ” 的足迹遍及澳门本地 The footprint of “Wynn Care” is spreading around local communities.

澳门汇 12/19

Wynn has always lived up to its mission of giving back to soci-

and the Liaison Office’s call for targeted poverty relief in

ety, being committed to participating in and sponsoring local

Mainland China, Wynn has partnered with the Macau Federal

social affairs and community activities in order to spread

Commercial Association of the Convention & Exhibition

love and care to the underprivileged. Established in 2010, WE

Industry (MCECA) in organizing trips to Cong jiang and a

Volunteer Team has continued to grow for the eighth year,

‘Cong jiang Gala Cultural Night’. Over 70 Wynn employee

and now reaching over 2,000 volunteers. The Wynn Care pro-

volunteers, MCECA members, as well as local teachers and

gram organizes over 100 community related events annually

students, travelled to Congjiang last November, as well as in

and contributes over 15,000 hours of community service work

March and May this year. Participants supported the poverty

each year.

alleviation work in Cong jiang. Afterwards, Wynn donated

The footprint of “Wynn Care” is spreading around

MOP 3 million fund the renovation of dilapidated houses and

local communities, as well as rural and urban areas of main-

the construction of a brand new Gulou building (Drum Tower)

land China. In response to the Macao SAR government’s

in Congjiang.

澳门汇 12/19

永利设立餐饮管理学院并推出带薪在职培训计划 The company established the F&B Academy providing all-round on-the-job training program for local talents.

CULTIVATE LOCAL TALENTS Upholding its mission to facilitate upward mobility for the local workforce, Wynn has been actively offering a variety of training programs for team members. Launched in 2015, Wynn’s “Career Advancement Program” provides a 12-month training course for team members who intend to transfer from gaming to non-gaming departments, creating upward and horizontal mobility for local talents. Since its launch, nearly 40 graduates have successfully completed the program and have been promoted to leadership roles. In 2016, Wynn launched the “Leadership Acceleration Program - Gaming”. This 6-month training course for Pit Managers endowed participants with deeper management expertise, helping prepare them for more senior leader-

培育人才

ship roles in Gaming. Besides, the company also established 秉承培育人才、推动本地人才向上流动的理念，永利自

会。计划推出以来，已有近 40 名毕业学员成功完成计划、

成为资深的博彩管理专才。除此之外，公司还设立设施

the Wynn Facilities and F&B Academy, providing all-round,

开业以来积极为团队成员提供多样化的培训项目。永利

并获晋升至领袖岗位。

及餐饮管理学院并推出带薪在职培训计划，以及资助成

on-the-job training program for local talents. Employees are

员修读大学文凭课程等，致力为团队成员提供全方位培

encouraged to continue lifelong learning by enrolling diploma

育发展。

programs in university.

自 2015 年起推出 “ 永利事业跃升发展计划 ”，为有意转型

2016 年，永利推出 ” 领导专才培训跃进计划 – 博彩

至非博彩领域的博彩部团队成员提供为期十二个月的培

部 ”，为博彩部门的监场经理提供为期长达六个月的培

训课程，为本地人才的横向或向上流动创造了条件和机

训，进一步加强学员的领导能力及管理技巧，培育他们

澳门汇 12/19

SUPPORT SMES Local SMEs have always been close business partners of Wynn, which has continued its support for them by hosting regular business matching sessions that have become core components of the company’s business 永利与澳门工程师学会合办 “ 永利环保及可持续发展系列活动 ”

activities. Wynn has organized a number of local SME

Wynn partnered with the Macau Institute of Engineers to co-organize the

procurement partnership meetings since 2016, with

“2019 Wynn Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development Campaign”

the total number of attendees amounting to over 1,100. The amount of local SME procurement purchases for

可持续发展

GREEN INITIATIVES

first quarter of 2019, local enterprises accounted for

为配合澳门特区政府的节能减碳与环境保护

Wynn spares no efforts in support of the environmental policies of the

76% of Wynn’s total procurement spending. In addition,

政策，实现本澳的可持续发展，永利在推动

Macau SAR government and the sustainable development of Macau. In 2018,

70% of Wynn’s total spending with local SMEs was with

节能环保方面也是不遗余力。2018 年，永利

Wynn has purchased clean energy buses to offer hotel guests transportation

the three key categories – Micro Enterprises, “Made in

引入环保电动巴士为旗下酒店接载乘客，新

services to and from its hotels. The clean energy buses are aimed at achiev-

Macao” Enterprises and Young Entrepreneurs.

能源巴士能达到零排放目标，有效减少空气

ing zero-emissions to effectively reduce air pollution and harmful impacts on

污染，将进一步降低对环境造成的有害影响。

the environment.

2018 increased 33% compared with last year. In the 永利持续为中小企举办采购合作洽谈会 Wynn hosts regular business matching sessions for SMEs.

支持中小微企本地中小微企是永利坚实的合作伙伴，持续举办采购合作洽谈会亦成为了永利营运的重要一环。自 2016 年至今，累计出席永

Due to the typhoon that brought varying levels of

利本地中小企采购合作洽谈会人数超过 1,100 人。2018 年中小

economic losses to the community and local enterprises

为向社会各界提倡环保和可持续发展理

In order to promote environmental protection and sustainability in our

微企采购总额比前年增长 33%。于 2019 年第一季，永利的采购

last year, Wynn launched the “Wynn Local SME Typhoon

念，今年永利与澳门工程师学会合办 “ 永利

society, Wynn partnered with the Macau Institute of Engineers to co-orga-

总额中高达 76% 购自本地企业；在本地中小企采购总额方面，

Hato Financial Support Program” in cooperation with

环保及可持续发展系列活动 ”。透过环保论

nize the “2019 Wynn Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development

70% 购自小微企、澳门制造和青创企业。

Bank of China (Macau Branch). The subsidy of more than

坛、派发环保物料吸管等，向本澳餐饮业、

Campaign”. By organizing environmental protection forums, distributing eco-

与此同时，鉴于去年风灾为本澳社区及企业带来不同程度

MOP 15 million ultimately supported 168 local SMEs to

中小企业以及学校推动环保措施，结合学界

friendly straws and so on, the campaign attracted support from the local

的经济损失，永利与中国银行澳门分行合作推行的 “ 天鸽台风中

help them through difficult times. In the future, Wynn

与专业群体，为构建绿色澳门出一分力。

catering industry, SMEs and schools.

小企贷款津贴计划 ” 一共向 168 家本地中小企业发放超过澳门币

will continue to support SMEs through various channels

一千五百万元的补贴，协助他们走过艰难的时期。未来，永利

to further enhance the enterprises’ competitiveness,

将继续秉持着关怀弱势、回馈社会的宗旨，

responsibility, Wynn will continue to care for the underprivileged and give

亦会继续透过不同渠道多方面支援中小企，以开放、创新的思

paving the way for their long-term development with an

将爱心传递予社会各阶层，凝聚各界力量共

back to society, passing on love and care to all corners of the community,

维与各界共谋长远发展。

open and innovative mind.

建和谐社区。

uniting forces from different sectors to build a harmonious community.

澳门汇 12/19

为延续履行企业社会责任的精神，永利

To continue the company’s commitment to fulfilling its corporate social

澳门汇 12/19

特别报道

S P E C I A L F E AT U R E

ART ENDEAVOR 艺术之路美高梅一直十分重视文化艺术，成为推动文化旅游的领航者。

自

开业以来，美高梅为澳门带来了各种多元化

一次在公共空间做艺术装置，也启发了后来在美狮美高梅

的文化及艺术体验，将两者融入公众生活。

继续延续和增强公共空间的影响。

澳门美高梅自 2007 年开业以来便投入

除了为中西艺术交流提供平台，美高梅也十分注重传

大量资源，成为第一间以推动文化旅游发展为主的澳门综

统中华文化的传承和弘扬。澳门回归十五周年时，美高梅

合旅游休闲企业。至今共举办了 27 场顶尖的国际及本地展

邀请北京紫檀博物馆携手呈献《老北京城紫檀雕刻展》，展

览，吸引超过 100 万人次参观。“ 生活忙碌，我们不一定

示国家级非物质文化遗产；今年适逢澳门首届 “ 艺文荟澳 ”，

经常有时间去阅读和学习，但是艺术可以帮助我们提升生

美高梅联同当代艺术家马文和杨泳梁，以崭新方式演绎水墨

活的品质。我们希望通过美高梅的酒店公共空间，无论是

新意境 ──《华源》，以传统艺术元素结合现代科技，呈现

在艺术教育上，或是生活方式上，可以给人带来影响。” 美

华夏文化艺术精粹。郭蕙心称，透过这些展览，美高梅希望

高梅文化艺术副总裁郭蕙心说。

让观众更多接触传统中华文化，感受当中的深厚历史。

建造了全亚洲最先进的美高梅剧院以及列入吉尼斯世界纪

年举办 “ 美高梅探索绣艺之旅 ” 系列活动，从典藏导赏、

录的无柱天幕视博广场。2013 年，为庆祝美高梅艺术空间

古绣艺裳展示到活态传承交流会，弘扬非物质文化遗产的

开幕，展出了意大利国宝级文艺复兴盛期名画、艺术家桑

艺术美学。自同年起亦举办艺术座谈会，增进大众对文化

德罗 ‧ 波提切利的经典名作真迹 ——《维纳斯》及其生命

艺术的关注。除了展览以外，美高梅亦收藏逾 300 件顶级艺术珍品，

节录，由于反响热烈，展期还延长了一个月。从那时起，美高梅展艺空间便透过与不同国际性及本地艺术家及团体

与酒店内的公共空间完美融合，当中的 “ 主席典藏 ” 更是

合作，传承文化、推广艺术。

美高梅与艺术家共注的澳门故事。

澳门一直以来是中葡文化交流的平台，在 2015 年，

美高梅将继续以艺术启发各界人士，同时引入多元

美高梅特意邀请葡萄牙艺术家乔安娜 · 瓦思康丝勒在美高

化的项目，汇聚世界文化，为澳门带来独特的旅游文化体

梅天幕广场创作大型艺术装置《八面玲珑》。这是美高梅第

验。

澳门汇 12/19

葡萄牙艺术家乔安娜 · 瓦思康丝勒的作品《八面玲珑》

为提升社会对中国传统文化内涵的欣赏力，于 2018

为打造休闲艺术旅游体验，美高梅设立展艺空间，并

紫檀雕刻作品《天坛祈年殿》

马文作品《蜕变：无穷尽》

澳门汇 12/19

特别报道

S P E C I A L F E AT U R E

新濠的 “ 追梦计划 ” 烹饪系列，为旅游学院学生提供随世界名厨艾尔曼

新濠定期举办 “ 辉煌祖国、锦绣中华 ” 国情专题论坛，进一步加强员工对中华历史文化

（Pierre Hermé ）先生烹饪团队的实习机会。

和国情的认识，并提高员工以至本澳社区的爱国情怀。

新濠学院毕业生与新濠博亚娱乐主席兼行政总裁何猷龙先生、澳门社会文化司司长谭俊荣博士、高等教育局副局长曾冠雄先生及新濠管理层代表大合照。新濠员工接受负责任博彩培训。

来自新濠各部门的队伍以队制形式参与第二届负责任博彩 “ 知识宝库 ” 大赛。

ABOVE AND BEYOND 超越界限新濠博亚娱乐一直致力履行社会责任，回馈社会及为社会带来正面影响。

培

育本澳人才是新濠企业社会责任的其中一个核心

在员工发展方面，新濠一直重视员工的 “ 全人发展 ”，

此外，国情教育一直是新濠 “ 全人发展 ” 计划重要的

与和员工培训三方面着手，搭建全面系统框架，推行为落

一环。为了加深员工对中华文化遗产、历史及其现代化的

实负责任博彩而制定的措施。其中包括在所有娱乐场入口

认识，加强员工对祖国的归属感和自豪感，以及让员工更

安装面部识别保安系统、制作公共服务影片宣扬负责任博

了解中国以及来自中国大陆的宾客，新濠推出《辉煌祖国、

彩以及为员工举办一系列传扬负责任博彩的活动及培训课

范畴。其精心设计的 “ 追梦计划 ” 系列为有抱负的

让他们拥有更全面的职业发展道路。新濠于 2010 年与高

锦绣中华》国情专题系列活动，包括由清华大学朱安东教

程等。企业付出的努力亦获得国际和本地认同努力，今年

本地年轻人提供向世界级创意艺术大师实习的启发性机会。

美士中葡中学及教育暨青年局合作，首次推出内部高中文

授主讲有关中国历史和发展以及 “ 习近平思想 ” 的专题论

年初，新濠在多家全球综合度假村和博彩营运商中脱颖而

新濠自 2012 年起推出 “ 追梦计划 ”，计划获得多位

凭课程，使过往因工作而提早退学的员工获得继续学习的

坛；为公司管理层及员工而设的国情教育考察团；爱国电

出，在第十二届国际博彩业大奖勇夺 “ 最具社会责任营运

创作界的传奇人物支持，包括已故建筑大师札哈 ‧ 哈蒂

机会。2016 年起，新濠亦与爱丁堡纳皮尔大学宣布成立 “ 新

影分享会及展览参观活动等。

商 ” 荣誉。

（Dame Zaha Hadid）、水上汇演《水舞间》的创作总监弗兰

濠学院 ” 学士学位计划，帮助未曾取得大学学位的员工完

克 · 德贡 (Franco Dragone) 、知名钢琴大师李云迪等。

澳门汇 12/19

成学业。2018 年，有 15 位员工从此学习计划中毕业。

作为本澳的博彩运营商，新濠视负责任博彩文化为企业社会责任的重点之一。新濠从工作流程和技术、社区参

展望未来，可以期待新濠将继续推行积极创新的企业社会责任计划，致力成为优秀的企业公民。

澳门汇 12/19

特别报道

S P E C I A L F E AT U R E

文绮华（前排中）出席 “ 银娱青少年与局长真情对话 ”。

刘关华（中）与学员代表在台上互动交流。

学员到腾讯科技股份有限公司考察，体验深圳的高新技术产业发展。

PASSING OF THE TORCH 薪火相传银河娱乐集团多年来本着 “ 兴学强国 ” 的理念，投放大量资源，以多种方式培育本澳青年，助力人才成长。

银娱自 2008 年开始赞助国情教育（澳门）协会主办 “ 银娱澳门杯 — 青少年国情知识竞赛 ”，

银娱副主席吕耀东先生向冯少荣先生致送精美纪念品以答谢

推动爱国爱澳精神。

他为学员带来一场精彩及富启发性的工作坊。

本澳整体发展趋势及各种的黄金机遇，并从中分享其独到的

到访上海及杭州，学员通过实地考察及与不同领域的专家

专业见解。本届 “ 成就计划 ” 特别加入国情及区情元素，主

深入探讨，多角度了解当地创新创业的发展机遇。

2011 年起，银河娱乐集团与澳门管理专业协会联

今年，第八届 “ 银娱青少年成就计划 ” 包括一系列的针

办机构带领学员前往考察大湾区 “ 两小时生活圈 ” 城市 ——

手合办 “ 银娱青少年成就计划 ”，配合特区政府

对培训、课外活动、专题讲座、超越自我体验营、大湾区实

佛山、广州及深圳，了解区内工业设计、文化创意和智慧科

多年来赞助 “ 银娱澳门盃 — 青少年国情知识竞赛 ”，其他

的人才发展方针，环绕 “ 自我认识 ”、“ 关怀社区 ”、“ 事业

地考察及终极任务比赛等，多方位提升学员自身的技能及知

技等不同产业的最新趋势，认识国家的发展步伐。

活动还包括举办一系列覆盖国际礼宾事务及外交礼节、中

发展 ” 三大主题，协助年青一代巩固自信心和发挥内在潜

识。为进一步拓展学员对本澳旅游及会展业前景的认知，今

能。 “ 计划 ” 开展至今已举办了八届，累计参与人数达到

届成就计划特设 “ 银娱青少年与局长真情对话 ” 的环节，邀

期待的环节，过去曾到访新加坡、柬埔寨、斯里兰卡、越南、

约 3,000 人。部分结业优秀学员更获邀请成为计划大使或

请澳门特别行政区政府旅游局局长文绮华女士及贸易投资

汶莱及韩国等亚洲国家。本届为了让学员更好了解国家发

加入银娱团队。

促进局行政管理委员会主席刘关华女士，与各学员深入探讨

展大局及机遇，鼓励他们积极融入大湾区发展，胜出队伍

自

澳门汇 12/19

“ 银娱青少年成就计划 ” 游学之旅是优胜队伍最深感

一直以來，银娱在推动国情普及方面一直不遗余力，

美贸易关系、大湾区旅游商机，以及澳门博彩旅游业的发展等重要议题专题讲座，及组织参观国情教育展览等。未来，银娱将继续聚焦青少年的培育，结合政策与形势，协助年青一代拓阔视野、把握机遇。

澳门汇 12/19

本地资讯

LO C A L N E WS

WINNERS ANNOUNCED FOR STELLIERS GREATER CHINA 2019 Stelliers 酒店人奖 2019 年度大中华区颁奖典礼 telliers 酒店人奖第七届大中华

区颁奖典礼已于近日假澳门四

季酒店圆满举行，当晚盛会云集 300 多位酒店业者、业界精英及其亲友，一同见证今届奖项得主的诞生。 Stelliers 大奖是业界推崇备至的殊荣，旨在表扬亚洲区内的杰出酒店人才，同时鼓励年轻一代投身业界。在本年度， Stelliers 的大中华区比赛一共收到来自中国内地、香港、澳门和台湾超过 50 间酒店的提名申请，各个奖项均由专业评审委员会根据候选人的全年表现而选出。今年的颁奖典礼一共颁发 19 个

事。而当面对挑战时，拥有一支专业的

丁词语 “Stella Polaris”，是其星系中最

团队会显得格外重要。”

闪亮的星星，象征着引领酒店行业的

奖项。Stelliers 酒店人奖联合创办人

Stelliers 酒店人奖的前称是 “The

Stephane de Montgros 在晚会开幕致辞

Hotelier Awards 酒店人奖 ”，今年年初

了南亚区，现在在亚洲已有 23 个市场。

时表示了对该行业发展前景的展望：“ 在

起正式更名。其中，Stelliers 是 “Stellar”

未来他们将继续扩展平台，希望能表彰

经济增长时取得成功诚然不是一件易

与 “Hotelier” 的结合，这个名字取自拉

更多的优秀酒店人。

明星们。今年 Stelliers 酒店人奖迈入

2019 MGM MACAU ECO TRAILHIKER 2019 美高梅澳门环保远足者

第

第十届 “2019 美高梅澳门环保远足者 ” 近日于美狮美高梅成功举行。作为澳门首个连续举办十年的大型团体远足挑战赛，路

线途经路环各处景点，欣赏本澳大自然风光，一同探索澳门绿色的一面。赛事共 2600 位跑手组成 650 队参赛队伍参与，分为 10 公里乐游线、 20 公里及 30 公里挑战线，三个路线的队伍比赛成绩均打破大会纪录。今年的活动继续宣扬环保理念，以 “ 重复再用，减少即弃 ” 的方针落实十个环保行动作为活动环保指南。主办单位希望通过探索澳门绿色的一面，担起作为绿色行动发起者的责任，提高公众对生态和自然保护的关注。”

澳门汇 12/19

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