Western civilization volume ii since 1500 9th edition spielvogel test bank

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

1. How did Napoleon III respond to mounting opposition in the 1860s? How successful was he in maintaining power and control? How did his foreign policy contribute to the unification of Italy and Germany ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Louis Napoleon: Toward the Second Empire The Second Napoleonic Empire Foreign Policy: The Crimean War War in Crimea 2. What were the causes and consequences of the Crimean War? ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Foreign Policy: The Crimean War War in the Crimea 3. Compare and contrast Cavour and Garibaldi's vision of a united Italy, as well as Bismarck’s goal of a unified Germany.

What steps did Cavour, Garibaldi, and Bismarck take to bring about unification in Italy and Germany?

ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: National Unification: Italy and Germany The Unification of Italy The Leadership of Cavour The Efforts of Garibaldi The Unification of Germany Bismarck The Danish War (1864) The Austro-Prussian War (1866) The Franco-Prussian War (1870 – 1871) 4. Discuss the reform efforts in Great Britain, Russia and the Austrian Empire from 1850 to 1870. How successful were they?

ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Nation Building and Reform: The National State in Midcentury The Austrian Empire: Toward a Dual Monarchy Imperial Russia Great Britain: The Victorian Age 5. How did the Austrians deal with the problem of Hungarian nationalism in the aftermath of defeat in the Austro-Prussian War? ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austrian Empire: Toward a Dual Monarchy 6. What were the consequences of the emancipation of Russia’s serfs in 1861? What were the limits of their newly acquired freedom?

ANSWER: Answers will vary.

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Imperial Russia 7. How would you explain Britain’s relative political stability in the second half of the nineteenth century?

ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Great Britain: The Victorian Age 8. Why was slavery a threat to American unity in the mid-nineteenth century?

ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The United States: Slavery and War 9. How did Realism differ from Romanticism? How was Realism a reflection of the economic and social realities of Europe during the middle decades of the nineteenth century?

ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Literature Realism in Art 10. How did Marx explain historical change? How did he apply his theory of historical change to the times in which he lived?

ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 11. How did the role of science in society change over the course of the nineteenth century?

ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: A New Age of Science 12. Napoleon III ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Louis Napoleon: Toward the Second Empire 13. Realpolitik ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Chapter Introduction 14. Mexico and Emperor Maximilian ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Foreign Policy: The Mexican Adventure Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

15. Crimean War ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Foreign Policy: The Crimean War 16. Ottoman Empire ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Ottoman Empire 17. Sevastopol ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: War in the Crimea 18. Florence Nightingale ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: War in the Crimea 19. Piedmont and the House of Savoy ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Unification of Italy 20. Count Camillo di Cavour ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Leadership of Cavour 21. Giuseppe Garibaldi ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Efforts of Garibaldi 22. the Red Shirts ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Efforts of Garibaldi 23. Victor Emmanuel II ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Efforts of Garibaldi Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

24. Count Otto von Bismarck ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Bismarck 25. "iron and blood" ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Bismarck 26. Austro-Prussian War ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austro-Prussian War (1866) 27. North German Confederation ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austro-Prussian War (1866) 28. Franco-Prussian War ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) 29. battles of Sadowa and Sedan ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) 30. Second German Empire ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) 31. Dual Monarchy ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austrian Empire: Toward a Dual Monarchy 32. Ausgleich ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austrian Empire: Toward a Dual Monarchy Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

33. Alexander II and the serfs ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Imperial Russia 34. zemstvos ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Imperial Russia 35. mir ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Imperial Russia 36. Queen Victoria ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Great Britain: The Victorian Age 37. Reform Act of 1867 ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Great Britain: The Victorian Age 38. Benjamin Disraeli ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Great Britain: The Victorian Age 39. Karl Marx ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 40. Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Civil War 41. Dominion of Canada ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Emergence of a Canadian Nation Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

42. The Communist Manifesto ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 43. materialism ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: A New Age of Science 44. proletariat ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 45. Marxism ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 46. “First International” ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 47. Louis Pasteur ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: A New Age of Science 48. Dmitri Mendeleyev ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: A New Age of Science 49. Michael Faraday ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: A New Age of Science 50. Charles Darwin ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Charles Darwin and the Theory of Organic Evolution Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

51. On the Origin of Species ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Charles Darwin and the Theory of Organic Evolution 52. natural selection ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Charles Darwin and the Theory of Organic Evolution 53. William Thackeray's Vanity Fair ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Literature 54. Jean-François Millet ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Art 55. The Danish War ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Danish War (1864) 56. Realism ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Literature 57. Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Literature 58. Charles Dickens ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Literature 59. Gustave Courbet's The Stonebreakers ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Art Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

60. The American Civil War ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Civil War 61. organic evolution ANSWER: Answers will vary.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Charles Darwin and the Theory of Organic Evolution 62. What event precipitated the end of the Second French Republic in 1851? a. Prussia invaded and occupied France. b. The army overthrew the Republic in a coup. c. The legislature voluntarily disbanded. d. A tornado tore about the government buildings. e. The voters abolished it in a vote.

ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Louis Napoleon: Toward the Second Empire 63. What was one of Napoleon III's great domestic projects? a. The building of the Eiffel Tower b. The rededication of the Cathedral of Notre Dame c. The reconstruction of Paris with broad boulevards, public squares, and municipal utilities d. The damming of the Seine River below Paris for flood control e. The construction of the Maginot Line against German militarism ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Second Napoleonic Empire 64. What was Napoleon III most interested in during the Second Empire? a. Fostering the industrial development of France b. Avoiding wars and foreign adventures c. Enhancing civil liberties like free speech d. Encouraging people to get involved in politics e. Enhancing the position of the Catholic Church in French culture ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Second Napoleonic Empire 65. In which area did Napoleon's most disastrous foreign policy adventure occur? a. The Crimea b. Italy Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871. c. Palestine d. Schleswig-Holstein e. Mexico ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Foreign Policy: The Mexican Adventure 66. In 1699, the Ottoman Empire lost Hungary, Transylvania, Croatia, and Slovenia to a. Egypt. b. Russia. c. Greece. d. Austria. e. Prussia.

ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Ottoman Empire 67. Which country's incursions into the Black Sea prompted England and France to enter the Crimean War in 1854? a. Russia b. Turkey c. Germany d. Austria e. The United States ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: War in the Crimea 68. What was an overall result of the Crimean War? a. The maintenance of peace in Europe until World War I b. Continued Russian expansionism in Europe for the next two decades c. Increased involvement for Great Britain in continental affairs d. The destruction of the Concert of Europe and the creation of opportunities for Italian and German national unification e. The breakup of the Holy Alliance ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: War in the Crimea 69. After the disappointments of 1848-1849, many Italian nationalists turned to ____ for leadership in the unification of northern Italy. a. Florence b. Piedmont c. Austria Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871. d. Naples e. Britain ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Unification of Italy 70. Who was the prime minister of Piedmont who organized the Italian unification movement? a. Giuseppe Mazzini b. Giuseppe Garibaldi c. Camillo di Cavour d. Victor Emmanuel e. the Duke of Alba ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Leadership of Cavour 71. Who was the dominant foreign power in Italy prior to unification? a. France b. Spain c. Papal States d. Savoy e. Austria ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Unification of Italy 72. Which country did Piedmont align with during the Italian War of 1859? a. Russia b. England c. Austria d. Prussia e. France ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Leadership of Cavour 73. Who was the romantic nationalist who challenged Cavour for control of southern Italy? a. Matteotti b. Mazzini c. Garibaldi d. Sforza e. Cavour ANSWER: c Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Efforts of Garibaldi 74. Why was Prussia more likely than Austria to provide leadership in the cause of German unification? a. Prussia lacked a strong military. b. Austria had few ethnic Germans living within its borders. c. Austria feared the creation of a strong German state in central Europe. d. Prussia was a large multinational empire. e. Prussia had lagged behind the rest of Europe in industrialization.

ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Unification of Germany 75. For whom did the Red Shirts fight? a. Bismarck b. Cavour c. Garibaldi d. Mazzini e. Marx ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Efforts of Garibaldi 76. From 1862 to 1866, Bismarck governed Prussia by a. courting labor unions and the working class. b. working closely with opposition politicians. c. popular referendum. d. ignoring parliament. e. ignoring King William I. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Bismarck 77. Which two states did German nationalists believe were powerful enough to achieve the unification of Germany? a. Austria and Prussia b. Austria and Poland c. Austria and France d. Prussia and Italy e. Italy and France ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Unification of Germany Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

78. Bismarck is best seen as a a. realist. b. romantic. c. war monger. d. classical liberal. e. republican idealist.

ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Bismarck 79. Bismarck was appointed prime minister by a. Frederick III. b. William I. c. Frederick William II. d. Otto V. e. William II. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Bismarck 80. What was a result of Bismarck's Austro-Prussian War? a. The incorporation of Austria into the North German Confederation b. A harsh treaty against Austria that reduced it to a second-rate power c. The Prussian liberals' disgust over Bismarck's unscrupulous policies d. The exclusion of Austria from the North German Confederation e. The immediate establishment of the German Empire ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austro-Prussian War (1866) 81. The Danish War was fought over a. control of the Baltic Sea. b. Alsace-Lorraine. c. the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein. d. Saxony and Mecklenburg. e. Bavaria.

ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Danish War (1864) 82. As a consequence of its defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, France had to a. abandon Algeria. b. give up the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine.

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871. c. demilitarize. d. agree to an defensive alliance with Prussia. e. give up its Asian colonies.

ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) 83. On January 18, 1871, William I of Prussia was proclaimed a. supreme leader. b. kaiser. c. king. d. tsar. e. pontiff.

ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) 84. A dispute over ____ sparked the Franco-Prussian War. a. alleged debts b. colonial prerogatives c. trade and commerce d. territorial waters e. the Spanish throne ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) 85. What was the historical significance of Prussian leadership during German unification? a. It marked a new era of peaceful European interstate relations. b. It marked the triumph of authoritarian and militaristic values over liberal and constitutional values in the new German state. c. Austrian bureaucrats would have new opportunities to shape the political culture of the new German Empire. d. True parliamentary democracy would triumph in the new German state. e. It marked a new era of peace in Europe.

ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) 86. In which city was William I proclaimed Kaiser, or emperor, of the Second Reich in 1871? a. Berlin b. Frankfort c. Paris d. Versailles Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871. e. Rome ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) 87. What did the Ausgleich or Compromise of 1867 achieve? a. It created a loose federation of ethnic states within the Austrian Empire. b. It freed the serfs and eliminated compulsory labor services with the Austrian Empire. c. It made Austria part of the North German Confederation. d. It granted the Czechs and Slovenes home-rule. e. It created the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary.

ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austrian Empire: Toward a Dual Monarchy 88. What did German-speaking Austrians and Hungarian Magyars do under the Dual Monarchy of Austria and Hungary? a. They destroyed national minorities through genocide. b. They dominated national minorities within their boundaries. c. They cooperated in freeing other national minorities. d. They forced national minorities to emigrate or assimilate. e. They treated ethnic minorities as they treated each other.

ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austrian Empire: Toward a Dual Monarchy 89. Around what issue did the reforms of Tsar Alexander II center? a. Government sponsorship of popular societies like the Bolsheviks b. Improvements in the military c. The abolition of serfdom d. The formation of local, self-governing assemblies called "dumas" e. Nationalizing all the lands of Russia, putting them under state control ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Imperial Russia 90. What were the Russian zemstvos? a. Radical, populist societies that supported all revolutionary causes b. Local assemblies with limited self-governing powers c. Agreements between peasants and landlords concerning work rules d. The emancipation proclamations that set groups of serfs free e. Russia's two national parliaments, one in Moscow and the other in St. Petersburg ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

REFERENCES: Imperial Russia 91. What convinced Tsar Alexander II that reform was necessary? a. Defeat in the Russo-Japanese War b. A mutiny in the Russian navy c. Socialist victories in the Russian Duma d. Defeat in the Crimean War e. Serious social upheaval in Russia ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Imperial Russia 92. After emancipation, who was responsible for paying for the land given to freed serfs? a. The tsar’s government b. The Russian people as a whole c. The former landowner d. The village commune e. Individual landowners ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Imperial Russia 93. What was one of the key political consequences of Disraeli's Reform Act of 1867? a. The outbreak of mass strikes by industrial workers in Britain b. A large increase in the number of voters c. The emergence of female suffrage movements in other European countries d. The freeing of the last British serfs on northern landed estates e. The incorporation of India into the British Empire ANSWER: b RATIONALE: Great Britain: The Victorian Age POINTS: 1 94. Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation a. was a moral victory but a military disaster. b. had little real impact. c. ended the Civil War. d. declared that most of the slaves in the United States were now free. e. convinced Britain to ally with the South.

ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Civil War 95. What was the original reason that the North fought the Civil War? Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871. a. To preserve slavery b. To end slavery c. To preserve the Union d. To eliminate the Democratic Party e. To demonstrate its technological superiority over the South ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The United States: Slavery and War 96. What proved a turning point in the drive towards Canadian independence? a. The Napoleonic Wars b. The War of 1812 c. The revolutions of 1848 d. The American Civil War e. The Crimean War ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Emergence of a Canadian Nation 97. Marx saw his own times as a period in which the bourgeoisie faced off against the a. church. b. monarchists. c. trade unionists. d. proletariat. e. nobility.

ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 98. Which statement best describes industrialization on the Continent by 1870? a. It remained limited in its development. b. It had come of age based upon innovations from the British Industrial Revolution. c. It was never marked by depressions or recessions. d. It did not see the rise of trade unions. e. It was not challenged by socialism.

ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: p. 503 99. The German physician Robert Koch is best known for his contributions to a. evolutionary biology. b. organic chemistry. c. bacteriology.

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871. d. knowledge about heart disease. e. anesthesia.

ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: A New Age of Science 100. According to Marx, the history of all previous societies is the history of a. slow decline. b. blood and iron. c. enlightenment. d. progress. e. class struggle.

ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 101. Which statement best describes the First International? a. It failed due to Marx's preoccupation with Das Kapital. b. It became the largest working-class trade union in Europe in the nineteenth century. c. It was rejected by Marxism as a "bourgeois-dominated institution." d. It served as a type of umbrella organization for all European labor interests. e. It led the various revolutionary movements in the uprisings of 1848.

ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 102. According to Darwin, all organisms a. are descended from three distinct foundation organisms. b. evolve from complexity toward simplicity. c. evolved over a long period of time from earlier and simpler forms of life. d. existed shortly after the earth came into existence. e. except human beings follow general rules of biological development.

ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Charles Darwin and the Theory of Evolution 103. Which statement best applies to Charles Darwin and his evolutionary theory? a. His ideas were readily accepted by religious fundamentalists and cultural conservatives. b. His works were truly revolutionary in that they were the first to propose a theory of evolution. c. His theory emphasized the idea of the "survival of the fit" in which advantageous natural variants and environmental adaptations in organisms determine their survival. d. His On the Origin of Species described man's evolution from animal origins through natural selection. e. He envisioned utopian evolution, unlike Marx who predicted materialistic revolution.

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Charles Darwin and the Theory of Evolution 104. What was the subject of Charles Darwin's The Descent of Man? a. It questioned the new evolutionary theories. b. It proposed the first theory of genetic mutations. c. It argued for the animal origins of human beings, who had evolved by adapting to their environment over time. d. It placed humans in the center of a rational universe. e. It predicted the extinction of man and the rise of a new creation that would dominate nature.

ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Charles Darwin and the Theory of Evolution 105. Who was primarily responsible for the germ theory of disease? a. Charles Darwin b. Joseph Lister c. Louis Pasteur d. Friedrich Engels e. Samuel Gross ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: A New Age of Science 106. Which scientist provided a working foundation for the use of electricity? a. Friedrich Engels b. Louis Pasteur c. Michael Faraday d. Charles Darwin e. Charles Dickens ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: A New Age of Science 107. What was an important characteristic of Realist art? a. A focus on emotion and the inner life b. A desire to depict everyday life c. A desire to present an ideal world d. An emphasis on color and drama e. A belief in the genius of the individual artist ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Art Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

108. Mid-nineteenth century literary Realists a. embraced aspects of Romanticism. b. avoided flowery and sentimental language. c. found few readers during their lifetimes. d. were closely aligned with political conservatives. e. often drew on medieval literature for inspiration.

ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Literature 109. Who was the leading realist novelist of the nineteenth century? a. Rudyard Kipling b. Gustave Flaubert c. Thomas Gainsborough d. Gustave Courbet e. Anthony Powell ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Literature 110. In Madame Bovary, ____ told the story of a woman trapped in loveless marriage. a. Jean-Francois Millet b. Gustave Courbet c. Gustave Flaubert d. Charles Dickens e. William Thackeray ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Literature 111. In The Stonebreakers, ____ shocked viewers with its depiction of human misery. a. Jean-Francois Millet b. Gustave Courbet c. Gustave Flaubert d. Charles Dickens e. William Thackeray ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Art 112. Napoleon III installed Maximilian of Austria as the emperor of Mexico. a. True Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871. b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Foreign Policy: The Mexican Adventure 113. France and Russia faced off against Britain and the Ottomans in the Crimean War. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: War in the Crimea 114. Count Camillo di Cavour led the unification movement in southern Italy. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Leadership of Cavour 115. The Prussians enjoyed significant technological advantages over the Austrians in the Austro-Prussian War. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austro-Prussian War (1866) 116. The Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary had two monarchs. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: The Austrian Empire: Toward a Dual Monarchy 117. The zemstvos system was designed to enhance the power of the Russian central government. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Imperial Russia 118. Real wages for British laborers increased more than 25 percent between 1850 and 1870. a. True b. False ANSWER: True Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero

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Chapter 22 - An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Great Britain: The Victorian Age 119. Marx believed that organic evolution was the driving force behind historical change. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Marx and Marxism 120. Michael Faraday worked out the theoretical foundations of the steam engine. a. True b. False ANSWER: False POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: A New Age of Science 121. Literary Realists often explored the social issues of their day through their novels and stories. a. True b. False ANSWER: True POINTS: 1 REFERENCES: Realism in Literature

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