P RT F LI .
LA COMUNIDAD 01
Forth Year Project
02 Pg. 3
ENCANTO ART + CULTURE CENTER
Fifth Year Project
Pg. 19
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LA COMUNIDAD 02
La Comunidad was a project in which 2 students worked as a team and lasted 3 quarters. We were assigned a site that is located in San Ysidro and the first task was to do a site analysis of the entire San Ysidro area. This part of the project was very helpful as it was very useful for us to understand the history behind San Ysidro and one of the busiest borders in the world. Thanks to this we were able to create graphs explaining the city's tra c, pollution, income, density, public transportation, streets, sidewalks, and alleys. In addition, we were able to create site plans and master plans that would help us a lot when designing our ideas and would improve the quality of life of the entire San Ysidro residence.
3
DEMOGRAPHICS
About 28,000 residents
93 percent of population is Hispanic
About 1/3 population is under 18 years old
Average Income is about $30-40K
7,300,000 people cross the border a year.
25,550,000 cars cross the border a year.
833 people cross the border every hour.
14 people cross the border every minute.
100,000 people cross a day in total
2914 cars cross the border every hour.
49 people cross the border every minute.
Public and Private Space Residential School Property Commercial Existing Parks Proposed Parks Trolley Trolley Stop Healthcare School Childcare
4
ASTHMA PERCELTILE MEDIAN INCOME
Population is denses at the center where most single family homes are located
FRIDAY TRAFFIC
Daily Avarage CO2 Emissions from Border Delays in
Thousands of people travel between San Diego and Tijuana for work, school, family, etc. causing tra c congestion
30-40 60-70 70-80 $120,000 $80,000 $40,000 $20,000 Community Comercial Heavy Comercial 7,000 14,000 20,000 27,000 Per Square Mile 90-100 70-80 30-40 Tra c
12 PM 4 PM 8 PM MEXICO MEXICO MEXICO Outpot Losses (In Billions$) Jobs Lost Economic Impacts to the U.S. and Mexico from Border Delays at All Ports of Entry Economic Impacts to San Diego County and Baja California from Border Delays at San Diego County Ports of Entry Outpot Losses (In Billions$) Jobs Lost $3.40 $1.00 $2.00 $3.00 $4.00 $5.00 $6.00 $.50 $1.00 $1.50 $2.00 $2.50 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 20162025 2025+ $5.07 $3.30 $1.96 $2.38 $1.86 56,000 54,000 52,000 50,000 48,000 46,000 44,000 42,000 20162025 2025+ 2035 2035+ 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 San Diego County California - Baja California Estimated
San Diego County
(kg/day)
Impacts Percentile
and California - Baja California
POPULATION DENSITY
5
PEDESTRIAN AND BIKE PATH
Walkability is limited to sidewalks and a few alleys due to large parcels.
Street Lights
Trees
Intersection Improvements
Right of Way
New Improved Sidewalks
New Shared Pedestrian and Bicycle Path
New Pedestrian Bridge
Existing Bike Paths
Recommended Bike Paths
All Roads
Trolley
6
It should be noted that for this project we had the freedom to add or remove anything that we believed was not feasible for our project. That is why we created two master plans and several Axonometrics showing our ideas of what was added, removed and what we decided to keep. In addition to creating various perspectives of what we wanted to show the public at the end of the year.
PRESERVED PUBLIC SPACE/RESOURCE GREEN SPACE/COURTYARD MULTI FAMILY MIXED USE COMMERCIAL LAND USE SITE PLAZA 20' 5' SECTION 1 Smythe Ave Cottonwood Rd Hall Way 10' 10' 30' 20' 5' 5' 5' 10' 38' 42' 25' 20' 50' 5' 5' 5' 5' 50' 38' 10' 10' 30' 10' 7' 3' 3' 7' 20' SECTION 2 Via de San Ysidro W Calle Primera E San Ysidro Blvd Olive Dr Pepper Dr Main St 5 Via de San Ysidro W Calle Primera CallePrimera N S2 S1 WSanYsidroBlvd Hall Way Tennie St Blanche Seelway St W Seaward Ave Beyer Blvd BeyerBlvd Sunset Ln Smythe Ave Cottonwood Rd Cypress Dr 805
7
SITE PLAN & SECTIONS
AXONOMETRIC PERSPECTIVES
MASSING
CHANGED ZONING
STREETS & ALLEYS
PRESERVED
Streets Alleys
8
MASSING DIAGRAMS
To give shape to our project we decided to create 3 figures with di erent dimensions and create something massive until arriving with a design to our liking.
RM 1-1
HEIGHT LIMIT: 63’
ZONE RM 2-5 HEIGHT LIMIT: 82’
UNIT ORGANIZATION
UNIT LAYOUT
UNIT SHIFTS
Unit arrangment on site.
CIRCULATION
EXTERIOR SPACES
Pushing unit stacks closer together to create a more cohesive mass.
Shifting units to create staggering for circulation and private spaces.
UNIT CONFIGURATION
LOT ZONE
LOT
Mass
remaining mass
slope
direction
views
Initial courtyard to create mass. Courtyard split into two for better usable space.
around courtyard carved out for circulation and clearance. Carve out
to
in
to allow
and sunlight.
Central
paths
Private and public exterior spaces. Final result.
circulation and
around courtyards.
9
SITE ANALYSIS
Circulation
Courtyards
10
CONCEPT & ELEMENTS DIAGRAMS
In this part of the project we try to show with a few simple diagrams a bit of our first ideas for the concept and where we got the inspiration from. We also included some goals to show the audience a bit of what we want to show for the end of our design and make it easy to understand for all types of audiences.
GOALS
Lack of green space and community-friendly gathering spaces.
Provide small usuable courtyards to encourage community engagement.
High density population in the area mostly made of single family homes.
Provide private exterior space for each unit to provide a home feeling.
Very private and reserved community that commute to Tijuana on the weekends to stay with family.
Units all face eachother or include some shared spaces to create smaller communities within.
Trolley located north of site creating a lot of noise.
Place larger units on north side to minimize noise within site.
Lack of shading and comfortable areas for community usage.
Provide enough shading for comfortable temperature during high temperatures while still providing natural lighting.
Limited views north towards the trolley and south towards Tijuana.
Highest points in mass are north west and south west and slope down along the mass to show possible views.
UNIT UNIT UNIT UNIT PRIVATE
Guanajuato Terracing
Luis Barragan Color and Form
PARKSIDE RETIREMENT HOMES
TRAVA & QUINTERO HOUSES
11
MATERIALS, FACADE & ELEMENTS
After showing the idea of the concept, we decided to go for a white color and just add color to all the balconies to have a better contrast. To improve the design, a facade was designed inspired by Spanish architecture which inspired Mexican architecture. With this, we reached the conclusion of half arches between balconies since it would help our project to demonstrate fluidity and cleaner.
BREEZEBLOCK
STEEL
WHITE STUCCO
YELLOW STUCCO
PINK STUCCO
BLUE STUCCO
CONCRETE
WOOD
COLOR BALCONIES EGRESS
ARCHES
COURTYARD STAIRS DOORS OVERHANGS SWINGING DOORS
12
SITE PLAN
ACCESSIBLE ENTRANCE SUNSET LN
COTTONWOOD RD TROLLEY FIRE LANE ENTRANCE PARKING ENTRANCE AA AA BB BB GATHERING AREA COURTYARD COURTYARD GROUND LEVEL LEVEL2LEVEL2 GROUND LEVEL LEVEL 2 SITE PLAN
SVISTAAVE
13
FLOOR PLANS
UP UP UP UP UP DN UP UP UP LEVEL PLAN 1 LEVEL PLAN 2 LEVEL PLAN 3
14
UP UP UP UP UP LEVEL PLAN 4 LEVEL PLAN 5 LEVEL PLAN 6 LEVEL PLAN 7 15
AA BB SECTIONS 16
ELEVATIONS
EAST
NORTH
WEST SOUTH
17
PERSPECTIVES
18
Encanto Arts + Culture Center Encanto, California
Encanto Arts + Culture Center was designed with the purpose of making people feel at HOME. Is it possible for people to feel at home? The idea was to add a plaza right in the middle where people can circulate through all the different programs easily. The programs will promote local talents and awaken interest in new activities. It will educte and motive people to follow their dreams through new and different activities.
19
DEMOGRAPHICS
LANGUAGES SPOKEN
EnglishSpanish Asian/Pacific Other Language 43% 42% 14% 1% TOTAL POPULATION HispanicBlackAsian White Other 50% 24% 15% 7% 4% $100,000 + $0 - $29,999 $30,000 - $59,999 $60,000 - $99,999 HOUSEHOLD INCOME 0% 5% 10%15%20%25% 30% 35%40% 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Man Woman
AGE AND SEX 20
POPULATION BY
NOISE DIAGRAM
PEDESTRIAN DIAGRAM
Recomended
Recomended Sidewalks
Recomended Alley
Recomended top Signs
Restaurant Groceries Churches Gas Station AMENITIES
DIAGRAM
Crosswalk
Recomended Crosswalk Alley Sidewalks
Trolley Station Trolley Route Bus Stops Main Streets
TRANSIT DIAGRAM Secondary Streets
Noise Route that Produces Noise
Bus Stops Stop Lights
21
Path
65’ MaxHigh Summer Solstice
Solstice
Direction
SITE ANALYSIS
Sun
ImperialAv. ImperialAv.
Winter
Wind
22
CONCEPT DIAGRAMS
To represent my main idea of the proyect I decided to do these simple but very effective diagrams. The idea was to having a spot right in the middle where the people can just hang out and have the freedom to explore the programs in any way or any direction. Then having an open space that close while people walk inside will give a very interesting visual effect connecting to the plaza.
CONNECTION DIAGRAM
MAIN ENTRANCE DIAGRAM
Having the plaza right in the middle for circulation around all the programs
Each driver has to have access with every single driver.
Reduction of space to improve visual focus
Kitchen Test Coffee Shop Outdoor Theater Restaurant Education Bar FLOW DIAGRAM
Main
Kitchen Test Plaza Art Education Amphitheater Main Office Bar Coffee
Entrance
23
ITERATIONS
ry Education Amphitheater Retail Stores Art Office Kitchen Plaza Underground Parking Main Entrance Education Art Retail Stores Main Office Plaza Amphitheater Kitchen Test IMPERIAL AV. ALLEY MAIN ENTRANCE IMPERIAL AV. ALLEY MAIN ENTRANCE UNDERGROUND PARKING ENTRANCE DELIVERY RETAIL STORES AMPHITHEATER ART EDUCATION KITCHEN PLAZA CIRCULATION OFFICE BUBBLE DIAGRAM SITE PLAN FINAL FORM Education Art Retail Stores Main Office Plaza Amphitheater Kitchen Test IMPERIAL AV. ALLEY MAIN ENTRANCE Education Amphitheater Retail Stores Art Office Plaza Kitchen Underground Parking Main Entrance Delivery IMPERIAL AV. ALLEY MAIN ENTRANCE UNDERGROUND PARKING ENTRANCE DELIVERY RETAIL STORES AMPHITHEATER ART EDUCATION KITCHEN PLAZA CIRCULATION BUBBLE DIAGRAM SITE PLAN FINAL FORM
ITERATION # 1 ITERATION # 2 24
Once the iterations were done I decided to go with the first one because the circulation will flow way better around the plaza.
Ecen the design was better and more powerfull to work with.
After that, I made some changes into my idea because it was not neccesary to have two levels in retail stores and having two building instead of a big one would help to create better circulation between all the programs.
Education Art Retail Stores Kitchen Main Office Plaza
Education Art Retail Stores Main Office Plaza Kitchen Old Top View New Top View
Old Massing New
Amphitheater
Amphitheater
COMPARISON VIEWS FROM THE EAST
Massing
COMPARISON TOP VIEWS
25
FINAL FORM EVOLUTION
After having my final iteration I noticed that having the theater right in the corner will not look alright so I decided to play again with my forms so I extended my program education and designed an outdoor theater in the plaza. Basically I combined both iterations and with that I could had my outdoor theater in the plaza and also I will have a better visual effect when people walk throught the main entrance.
Massing form Extrusion for plaza Extrusion for main entrance Extrusion for outdoor theaterbuilding Kitchen Test Coffee Shop Outdoor Theater Restaurant Plaza Education Bar
Pushing down the massing Final Form Existing
ALLEY MAIN ENTRANCE Programs
IMPERIAL AV.
organization
26
PROGRAMS:
COFFEE
EDUCATION
GALLERY
OUTDOOR
KITCHEN
--1 2 3 4 5 6 FIRST LEVEL B A A Library Area Study Room 4 V B 7 4 3 MEZZANINE Storage SECOND LEVEL B B A A V5
BAR - 1
- 2
RESTAURANT
SHOP - 3
- 4
- 5
THEATER
6
-
TEST
7
NOT IN SCALE 27
-
FLOOR PLANS
SITE PLAN NOT IN SCALE 1V 2V 3V 4 V 7 V 28
Exit Exit Exit Exit Exit Exit Accesible Exit 154’ 154’ 149’ 132’ 4 4 2 2 2 3 4 1 4 4 1 3 4 If you are here Closest exit Farthest Exit MEANS OF EGRESS 1 CBC 1006.2.1 2 CBC 1017.2 3 CBC 1009.4 4 CBC 1005.3.1 SECTION MEANING 75’ to common path of egress 200’ to exit access Accessible means of egress 4’ exit stair 11B-209.2.1 Passenger Drop-Off and Loading Zones Design of Accessible Routes A - BAR 1,542 sf / 18 (Assembly W/ Seats) = 85 B - RESTAURANT 1,669 sf / 18 (Assembly W/ Seats) = 92 C - COFFEE SHOP 2241 sf / 18 (Assembly W / Seats) = 124 D - GALLERY 3312 sf / 11 (Assembly) = 301
F - OUTDOOR THEATER 980 sf / 15 (Stage) = 65 OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION 303.3 Assembly Group A-2 303.3 Assembly Group A-2 303.3 Assembly Group A-2 303.4 Assembly Group A-3 (TABLE 1004.1.2) MAXIMUM FLOOR AREA ALLOWANCES PER OCCUPANT 303.4 Assembly Group A-3 303.4 Assembly Group A-3 304.1 Business Group B E - EDUCATION: Study Room: 727 sf / 50 (Reading Rooms) = 15 Classroom 1: 612 sf / 20 (Classroom Area) = 30 Classroom 2: 542 sf / 20 (Classroom Area) = 27 Kitchen Test Room 1802 sf / 200 (Kitchen) = 9 OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION AND USED 29
B A C D E F E C
CIRCULATION DIAGRAM
ACCESSIBILITY DESIGN
Vertical Circulation (Stairs) Circulation
and Passageways
OCCUPANCY SECTION
§C26-290.0 Hallways in Required Means of Egress
Spaces and Public Areas
Level
Vertical Circulation (Elevator)
and Public Areas Doorway and Passageways
Facilities
604.9 Wheelchair Accessible Toilet Compartments
2902.1 Minimum Number of Fixtures
OCCUPANCY SECTION
Ramps, Stairs and Elevators
11B-206.2.3.2 Distance to Elevators
1009.1 Stairway Width
1009.3 Stair Treads and Risers
§C26-290.0 Hallways in Required Means of Egress Doorway and Passageways
Outdoor Areas Ramps, Stairs and Elevators
and Passageways
--
Restroom Facilities Doorway
Doorway
Outdoor Spaces
Restroom
Doorway and Passageways Doorway and Passageways
Outdoor
1004.7
Grab bars 48” and 36” 15” between wall and toilet 5’ radious for wheelchairs 21” sink clearence 5’ stairs width 36” railing height 5’ 36” 48” 15” 21” 36” Doors width = > 36” Circulation = > 5’ A A A A
1st
2nd Level
30
ENERGY EFFICIENCY STRATEGIES & MATERIAL SELECTION
STRATEGIES
1.Floor plates were extended
2. Outdoor Theater was pushed
3. Putting glazing in the right place
4. Adding solar panels taking advantage of the sun path
MATERIAL SELECTION
Grass Wood
Storefront Glazing
White Pigment Concrete
Before energy analysis
After energy analysis
Sun Extended floor plates
and changes
and changes
Where sun hits 31
BB 15’ LEVEL 2 30’ ROOF AA 15’ LEVEL 2 30’ ROOF SECTIONS NOT IN SCALE 32
ELEVATIONS
NORTH
WEST
SOUTH EAST
NOT IN SCALE 33
PERSPECTIVES 34