The Flyover case - Fragmentation of Lederberg, Ghent

- The Flyover case – Fragmentation of Ledeberg, Ghent

BELLE-VUE CHURCH

REINTERPRETATION OF THE EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE Use of the WASTELAND on the underside of the FLYOVER

Studio

MAIG

semester 1 2017/2018 KU LEUVEN Ludmila Andreoli Parekh

1. Location and History

Ledeberg is a sub municipality located on the south-east of the city of Ghent, in the province of East Flanders, Belgium.

It is the smallest of the sub municipalities, but the most dense in population, with 1.09 km2 of area, density of 7,8/km2, and a total of 8,500 people.

Belgium

Ghent Ledeberg

In the 1970’s, the plan to construct a high way on the same route as the old railway that used to reach to the Zuid park, sliced Ledeberg in half, separating the area around the church from the Belle-Vue neighborhood.

The city of Ghent built new developments to allocate the inhabitants who where moved from their dwellings to accommodate the new high way, the B401, coming straight to Ghent center, not a very common situation in the Flanders region.

2. Today’s situation and what is on the news

BELLE-VUE side

The proposal of the high way B401 demolition and extension of the Zuid Park it will be only a dream… The

‌until concrete alternatives are shonwed by a new mobility plan whether Ghent remains sufficiently accessible for residents and visitors, and what will be the impact on the environment.

CHURCH side

3. Personal findings

A

B

First impression, a disparity between the infrastructures and the human scale

High CO2 levels and sound pollution

High - >75DB Moderate - 60-64 dB Low - 50-54dB

river Scheldt

When we walk, cycles and drive along side the heavy traffic in this area, we ask ourselves if the dialogue of cars and city is in sync with human needs.

Air pollution and noise pollution affects both health and behavior. Unwanted sound can damage psychological health. It can cause hypertension, high stress levels, hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and other harmful effects. At the water level (under the bridge), even with this chaotic situation, we still find calm and quiet.

Health effects of sound pollution

Reaction to noise Encounters: Meeting people on the streets we understand that some, living in this neighborhood, use the flyover to go to work but they don’t like the LOOK of it. Others, don’t use the flyover, don’t HEAR and are not disturbed by it because living few blocks in to the neighborhood of Ledeberg the precedent blocks work as a shield and baffles the sound from the busy highway. Moreover, if you try to meet and talk to someone crossing the river Scheldt using the bridge, you will not be able to TALK. Even going through these different moments in one day we found that in the lower level at the canal level, under the bridge it is possible to see two fishermen having a relaxing day close to the flyover, one of the spots of quiet zone.

Information: 1. A Flyover can reach 110 db as an outdoor noise this is equal to a Rock band playing 5 meters away in a indoors environment; 2. Accordingly to WHO (World Health Organization) the exposure to sound should not exceed 50-55 db to protect people’s health; 3. The noise affects peoples life, there are studies showing that the noise disrupt our heart beat and we can suffer of heart diseases.

Sound analysis: the sound of the highway disturbs more in the lower areas (h=4.50m) of the flyover than in the area where the flyover is higher, the reason it seems to be the traffic noise reflections on the underside of the elevated highway. The noise from the flyover is not clearly perceptible for a pedestrian on the street level.

dB

100 80 60 40 Original sound Reflected sound OSHA

The worse noise is where the ring passes, where there are many intersections. Walking around the adjacent blocks to the elevated highway we can see that the sound decays after 100 meters.

20 10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 80 90 100 dist.

Health effects of air pollution

Headache, anxiety Central Nervous System Cardiovascular diseases Liver, spleen, blood Low birth weight, premature birth, small for gestational age, impaired lung development, possible birth defects, possible autism

Eye, ear, nose, throat irritation Difficulty breathing Respiratory irritation, inflammation, infections, asthma, reduced lung function, COPD, lung cancer

Image: Transportation and Public Health: An Urbanist Conundrum BETTY DABNEY

SOUNDSCAPE SECTION

4. Anthropological studies SECTION

TOPOGRAPHY OF SOUND Ludmila Parekh / Atdhe Hogoshti

SOUNDSCAPE SECTION Soundscape section under the bridge

SOUNDSCAPE SECTION Soundscape section through the tunnel

Plan

PLAN

0

5

15

Ninon Jardot / Louise Leroux

SECTION

SECTION

PLAN

5

15

50 m

0

5

15

50 m

VOCABULARY OF CARS

PLAN

0

Plan: Traffic area

Plan : Traffic area Scale 1 : 500

50 m

TRAJECTORIES Louise (23)

Gerard (35)

Student By bike

Employee By bike

« I like to change my routes. Sometimes along the water or in different streets. It’s always hard to cross under the flyover at the ring ».

« Even though i live on the other side of the flyover, i like to come to this side because it a safe cycling route with a nice scenery ».

Bikes

Bikes

Pedestrian

Pedestrian

Louise (23)

Gerard (35)

Student By bike

Employee By bike

« I like to change my routes. Sometimes along the water or in different streets. It’s always hard to cross under the flyover at the ring ».

« Even though i live on the other side of the flyover, i like to come to this side because it a safe cycling route with a nice scenery ».

Louise (23) Louise-(23) Student by bike

”I like Student to change my By bike routes. Sometimes « I like to change my routes. Sometimes along the water or in along the water or in different streets. It’s always hard to cross under the flyover at different streets. the ring ».

It’s always hard to cross under the flyover at the ring” Cars

Public transport

Cars

Demolishing the flyover it may not be a sustainable strategy considering the environmental impacts;

Use of the vacant space under the flyover it would be crucial to unify and maximize the potential of the neighborhood with new pedestrians and bicycles trajectories, new meeting points, and to reduce the importance of cars;

Removing the transit of cars from under the elevated structure will reduce the reflection of the sound on the underside of the flyover, in addition a built element it would work as a baffler and decrease de sound pollution;

Giving a new use to the elevated highway will include it to the its urban and economical context.

MEETING POINTS

REMARKS FOR INTERVENTION

Luisa RMZ Agathe De Coninck

Rayan Adra / Morgane Gex / Toufik Jerige / Samu Leppännen

5. The location of the intervention

Ghent

FLYOVER

Antwerp

0

1000m

The area chosen for intervention it is the most air polluted and noisy area around the flyover, because of the new circulation plan in Ghent, the cars go around the city ring, R40, meeting the flyover at that point, creating annoyance to its inhabitants and passers;

The reinterpretation of the existing infrastructure, use of the city waterway and the improvement of the life quality in this area is the main focus of my intervention

0

R40 Flyover

Algae Urban Farm on the flyover Change trajectory priority under the flyover

Green Boulevard connecting commuters from City Centre to the flyover on both sides

250m

6. Changing trajectories priority (Phase 1)

Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles Underutilized space Tram + Bus

PRIORITY

River

0

4

6

10m

EXISTING CONDITION

0

Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles Tram + Bus River Algae Urban Farm

2

2

4

6

PRIORITY 30 km/h zone

Algae Urban Farm

PROPOSED

10m

PRIORITY

Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles Underutilized space Tram + Bus River

EXISTING CONDITION

Boulevard

No more cars crossing on street level, only through the tunnel PRIORITY 30 km/h zone

Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles Tram + Bus River Algae Urban Farm

PROPOSED

LOCAL LANE / RESIDENTS ACCESS

Existing Boulevard New Boulevard Tram + Bus

SITE PLAN – CHANGING TRAJECTORIES - PHASE 1

Exist. Parking

Local lane Boulevard/Bike Path Faster lane

Flyover Greenery Faster lane Local lane

EXISITNG SITE PLAN

Pedestrian + Bicycles Vehicles

- 30 km/h zone

7. Reinterpretation of the existing structure: FLYOVER AS A LAB (Phase 2) After a pulse of CO2 is emitted into the atmosphere, 40% will remain in the atmosphere for 100 years and 20% will reside for 1000 years, while the final 10% will take 10,000 years to turn over. This literally means that the heat-trapping emissions we release today from our cars and power plants are setting the climate our children and grandchildren will inherit.

Table CO2 monitoring Ghent 2011-2014

Air temperature measured on a Saturday night 22:00 -23:00 in February-2012 <25o C

25-26o C

27-28o C

28o C

Source: Layout of a heat map and analysis of it urban heat island effect for Ghent (Vito-UGent-AMRP)

2011

2012

2013 2014

local traffic

259

239

241

245

highway traffic

267

268

271

268

A = 156.2km2

268 kilotons

243,125 metric tons of CO2 / year

Estimative of the impact of having an Algae Farm in this neighborhood

Algae Farm structure A = 6000 m2 Cleans: 15,000 metric tons of CO2 per year Produces: 8 metric tons of biomass per year Equivalent to 1 acres of woodland and 90 kg per day of protein.

ALGAE URBAN FARM

8 km2 can be the impact of the Algae Urban Farm.

CIRCULATION RING AND THE FLYOVER AND PARTIAL MAP OF GENT

Producing 1kg of biofuel a day it is possible to power any European home.

How the Algae Urban Farm works

WATER AND ALGAE (RIVER) CARBON DIOXIDE (ATMOSPHERE)

FILTERED WATER ALGAE URBAN FARM

OXYGEN

SUNLIGHT

BIOMASS

PROCESSING

Biomass leads to more than 80% carbon dioxide emissions reduction

BIOFUEL Bio-diesel & electricity

NUTRIENTS Food products & supplements

MEDICATION

COSMETICS

MATERIALS

Health & medicinal applications

Personal care products

Plastics alternatives for 3D printing

pump + vessel Filter+ Water reserve

1

Photo-bioreactor

2

Automated cleaning system

3

Pump house

4

Filter system

5

Computerized Control system

6

Feeding Vessel

7

Water pump

WHAT IT NEEDS

7

1 4

6

1

2 5

3

cad-block.com

cad-block.com

cad-block.com cad-block.com

cad-block.com cad-block.com

cad-block.com cad-block.com

A

PLAN â&#x20AC;&#x201C; THE FLYOVER AS A LAB - PHASE 2

B

B

Informal outdoors library

QUOTE: There is a Japanese saying, “living under one roof,” which means various and different individuals get together and team up, and this project is a technical and innovative translation of this expression.

PRINCIPAL MATERIALS: cad-block.com cad-block.com

cad-block.com cad-block.com

cad-block.com cad-block.com

cad-block.com cad-block.com

A

Steel Frame

Reclaimed recycled materials

Transparent tubes

Oil biodiesel Production

Public Toilets

Pellets for heating Production

SECTION A – ALGAE URBAN FARM – UNDER/ OVER ONE ROOF

ALGAE URBAN FARM PLAN – TUBULAR TRANSPARENT PHOTO BIOREACTOR

Public Toilets

Algae Workshop

Snack bar

Research

Library

Market Algae Products Food

CONCLUSION

Market Algae Products Cosmetics

1.

The Algae Urban Farm can become a pilot project;

2.

The intervention maximize the potential of its neighborhood and unify both sides;

3.

Use of the wasteland under the flyover;

4.

Use of the local waterway for water and algae reproduction;

5.

Production of oxygen, improvement of its inhabitantâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life;

6.

Absorption of the pollutant gas carbon dioxide, impacting in a positive way on the climate change.

Pharmacy

Steel structure Vertical Garden

Light Steel Structure and transparent tubes

Boulevard/ Bike and Pedestrian path

Vessel/Pump/Filter (Photo Bioreactor Machine)

Space to store excess Biomass

SECTION B – ALGAE URBAN FARM – MACHINERY AND COLLECTION OF CO2

Algae Workshop Training, population awareness, do it yourself, and economic possibilities

Snack Bar / Meeting Point

Steel structure Future access to the Flyover/ FlyPark

River Scheldt Water and algae source

Movable tables and chairs

Access to all

Existing Boulevard