Yokohama International Terminal Port Case Study

YOKOHAMA INTERNATIONAL PORT TERMINAL UTS 11365 JAPAN STUDY TOUR 2016 ASSESSMENT 01A BUILDING LU BAI

HISTORY & PEOPLE

1859

the port of yokohama was opened

HISTORY & PEOPLE

1923

Destruction of the harbor facilities by the Great Kanto Earthquake.

1930

Completion of Yamashita Park.

The West Pier at the beginning of the Meiji Era

1894

Completion of the Yokohama Harbor Pier (today's Osanbashi Pier).

Osanbashi Pier as of 1909

Yamashita Park(opened in 1930)

HISTORY & PEOPLE

HISTORY & PEOPLE

Project delivery structure conventional

project leader

project

senior architect

?

?

?

senior architect

?

?

other members

Alejandro Zaera-Polo & Farshid Moussavi YOKOHAMA PROJECT 1991 worked at OMA

1993 co-founded FOA teached at AA

1995 Winned Yokohama Competition

1999 Started Yokohama project

2002 Yokohama project finished construction

architect student

architect

senior architect

principal project

student

architect Alan Balfour Former Chairman of AA

Shin Egashira

senior architect

principal student

CONTEXT ANALYSIS

CONEXT ANAYLSIS

The floor area of the Yokohama International Port Terminal is around 34,732 square meters, locating 4 kilometres away from the central of Yokohama.

GREEN BELT yokohama station

DEMOCRATIC tourist citizen

MERGE low

1:15000 SITE PLAN pedestrian circulation vehicle transport

metro transport ferry transport

0

150

300m

high

CONCEPT

CONCEPT

Potential circulation paths of different user groups

The No-return Circulation Pattern

PLAZA

PLAZA

VISITOR’S DECK

ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL

ENTRY/EXIT TP SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS

CITY

TRANSPORT PLAZA

LOBBY NATIONAL

CHECK-IN NATIONAL

CITY

HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

IMMIGRATION

INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY

ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL

ENTRY/EXIT TO SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS

ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION

ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION

VISITOR’S DECK

TRANSPORT PLAZA

LOBBY NATIONAL

CHECK-IN NATIONAL

HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY

IMMIGRATION

FERRY

FERRY

CRUISE DECK

CRUISE DECK APRON

APRON

CAR PARK

CITIZEN PATH

CAR PARK

PLAZA

PLAZA

VISITOR’S DECK

ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL

ENTRY/EXIT TO SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS

CITY

TRANSPORT PLAZA

LOBBY NATIONAL

CHECK-IN NATIONAL

CITY

HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

IMMIGRATION

INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY

ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL

ENTRY/EXIT TO SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS

ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION

ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION

VISITOR’S DECK

TRANSPORT PLAZA

LOBBY NATIONAL

CHECK-IN NATIONAL

HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

IMMIGRATION

FERRY

INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY

FERRY

CRUISE DECK

CRUISE DECK APRON

APRON

CAR PARK

CAR PARK

PUBLIC AMENITIES TRANSPORTAION SERVICE TERMINAL FUNCTIONS

DEPATURE PATH

PLAZA

To break the conventional linear path in a transportation building where usually a transportation building works as an input-output device, with very clear orientation: departures and arrivals.

To explore the possibility of a transportation infrastructure that could operate less as a gate, as a limit, and more as a field of movements with no structural orientation.

VISITOR’S DECK

ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL

ENTRY/EXIT TO SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS

ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION

CITY

TRANSPORT PLAZA

LOBBY NATIONAL

CHECK-IN NATIONAL

HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE

IMMIGRATION

INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY CRUISE DECK

APRON

CAR PARK

ARRIVAL PATH

FERRY

CONCEPT

CONCEPT

The No-return Circulation Pattern

amenity level

terminal level

carpark level

terminal level

carpark level

artificial landscape

artificial landscape

artificial landscape

amenity level

To extend the fluid circulation into the context, the building is designed to disappear from the skyline, to be consistent with the idea of not making a gate on a semantic level. The building has three levels and is designed to be flat, and therefore it looks like an extension of landscape.

artificial landscape

To spread the building mass as thin as possible they occupied the maximum area possible within the site. This is also why the building has a rectangular footprint.

This extension connects with the context almost seamlessly especially because the roof deck is a public open space.

CONCEPT

circulation + landscape form

CONCEPT

+ WATER

d

c b d

form a

c b

section d-d

restaurant, civic exchange, sea bus

section c-c

boarding deck, foyer, shops

section b-b

terminal, boarding decks, galleries to foyer,shops

section a-a

terminal, boarding decks, luggage rooms

a

LAND

WATER

circulation

LAND

The connection between the circulation paths was always set as a bifurcation, so that rather than setting the programs as a series of adjacent spaces with more or less determined limits, they articulated the users in the continuity of a branched sequence along the circulatory system. To further enhance these circulation loops, the form is made symmetrical, some major functions of the building is also mirrored across.

STRUCTURE

STRUCTURE

flooring board 60mm thermal insulation waterproofing membrane

The ground condition on two sides of the building site was different. They have had an indecisive moment whether they should compromise this by making the building asymmetrical. However they couldn't find any conceptual reason on why the building should do that.

The warped surface would be built as a corrugated cardboard sheet, using an undulated surface between two plates to provide sufficient structural strength. Higher strength zones would be produced by folding that surface at a larger scale Ă the ramp system linking the different levels of the building. This would be a building without stairs and columns. The ramps became associated to the main longitudinal structural lines, running in two parallel lines along the pier, taking advantage of the depth of their bent to produce the largest structural elements.

secondary fold cold roll steel plate 4mm primary fold steel plate 9mm

+ 2.00 hwl

ROCK SOIL

-56.70 SOIL

SURFACE & SUPPORTING STRUCTURE

STRUCTURE

STRUCTURE

CONSTRUCTION BIRD EYE VIEW

DIAGRAMATIC CONSTRUCTION PROCESS

FLOOR CONSTRUCTION

DETAILS

DETAILS

1

1 CORRUGATED GLASS 2

3 2 CORRUGATED GLASS & ENTRANCE OPENING

corrugated glass glass with hidden frames FOA has pursued an extremely reductive palate of materials in the project, in order to preserve in the detailing of the project was the prevalence of horizontal surfaces as spatial enclosure, versus the vertical enclosure which was ideally non-existent.

This automatically split the materials into two: steel and wood for each face of the horizontal surfaces, which were supposed to be very intensively crated in geometry and texture, and glass and railings, which were part of the vertical surfaces and that should tend to vanish.

3 GLASS WITH HIDDEN FRAMES

DETAILS

conveyor belt for luggage

DETAILS

DETAILS

DETAILS

roof deck balustrades

DETAILS

chairs in entrance lobby

DETAILS

DETAILS

DETAILS

FLEXIBLE CONTROL OF SPACE

ROOF DECK PROGRAMS ALLOCATION spring

summer

autumn

winter

through the relocation of the border control fencing, the terminal can generate varying positions for the national border.

Something as “fixed” as a national border becomes mobile.

MOVABLE BORDER TERMINAL SERVICES DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL

movable japanese border

flowers

shade

fallen leaves

floor heating

exhibition the doll’s fesitval the childrens day flower viewing party

Summer festival Beer garden Temporary pool Open air cinema Fireworks

autumn festival art exhibition temporary theater sports field open air cinema

Christmas party New years party Coming of age day Beans scattering ceremony

DETAILS

roof deck open space & outdoor furniture

DETAILS

PROGRAM

PROGRAM 1

2 3 2

4 5

6

7

8

Shinko

7 9

10

11

1 2 3 4 5

Kaigandori

6 7 8 9 10 11

Yamashita Park

sea bus visitor deck rooftop plaza restaurant osanbashi hall CIQ facilities cruise deck lobby leisure amenities traffic plaza car park visitors passengers

PROGRAM

The plaza can host Festivals for every season The differentiated topographical conditions will provide a variety of possibilities to host different events. The organisation of the available space for a festival depends on the character of the festival.

There are two organising logics: 1. Fragmented festival – when the activity of the festival is scattered along the roof, creating several event focuses.

2. Compact festival – the activity is located and concentrated on a specific place Both logics uses different area so the roof. A careful planning of these activities can activate the plaza with large amount of people over different seasons, constituting a major attraction for Yokohama citizens.

PROGRAM

SPORTS – Several sports can benefit from the geometry of the roof plaza. A specially designed flat surface will allow the practice of different sports.

PROGRAM

PROGRAM

CONVENTIONS – the terminal main hall The terminal main hall can house different activities other than departure and arrival of passengers.

A convention is suitable for various reasons: 1. The terminal main hall has 5215 square meters for exhibitor’s stands 2. 793 square meters for conference area in the Salon of Civic Exchange 3. All related infrastructure is existing 4. 6008 square meters for convention 5. 4215 square meters for leisure

References: - FOA, 2002, The Yokohama Project, Acar, Barcelona, EU