La Tasha's Digital Notebook

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Digital Notebook

La Tasha Washington TECH 58100: Exploring the Applied Technologies David Pistrui, PhD Spring 2022

Week 1

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Objectives • Describe the technological components and enabling factors that make up Smart Manufacturing • Conceptualize how each of the nine enabling technologies has both a separate (individual) role and a synergistic role (a complex system of systems) • Differentiate between the defining characteristics of legacy and smart manufacturing Guest Lecture Series - Darrell Kleinke – Rivian TTI TriMetrix DNA Assessment Readings • Read the Syllabus • Smart Manufacturing: Characteristics, Technologies, and Enabling Factors • “What aspects make a manufacturing system smart?”

• Ram Review: Smart versus Legacy Manufacturing • “So, here’s a call to action: Now is the time to engage legacy humans in the deployment of smart machines.”

• Tech Report - Velocity Index IDEAS This is all about working smarter not harder. Using the correct tools for the job. A hammer is an excellent technological tool that is useless when a screwdriver is needed.

QUESTIONS What is Smart Manufacturing?

What are the nine enabling technologies?

What are the defining characteristics of legacy manufacturing?

DATA POINTS Darrell Kleinke – Tutorial on the Technology Velocity Index “Overall, it was determined that there are five characteristics, namely, context awareness, modularity, heterogeneity, interoperability and compositionality; 11 technologies, namely, intelligent control, energy saving/efficiency, cyber security, CPS/CPPS, visual technology, IoT/IoS, cloud computing/cloud manufacturing, 3D printing/additive manufacturing, smart product/part/materials, data analytics and IT-based production management; as well as three enabling factors, namely, law and regulations, innovative education and training and data sharing systems, that are required in SM.” Mittal, S., Khan, M. A., Romero, D., & Wuest, T. (2019). Smart manufacturing: Characteristics, technologies and enabling factors. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 233(5), 1342–1361. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405417736547

Week 1 - continued

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Notes from optional zoom meeting: Disruption, change, and opportunity Job front in 2030 Dynamic thinking models, methods, and mindsets [This has resonated throughout the course; so, I am adding Dr. Pistrui’s slide.]

Data driven insights into 21st century skill sets Industry 4.0 innovation typologies in smart manufacturing

Photo by Marianna Lupina

Week 2 OBJECTIVES • Differentiate between the current workforce attributes and competencies versus the future workforce competencies needed • Identify challenges and opportunities associated with moving into an adaptive space (merging and calibrating legacy and smart manufacturing) LECTURES Optional Zoom Session Guest Lecture Series - Christine Henri – Ford READINGS Schwab - The Fourth Industrial Revolution - Pages 1-27 Tech Report - Emerging Trends & Traits Shaping the Industry 4.0 Talent Pipeline - Pages 10-29 IDEAS I feel like the Gwen/Royal Pain character in the 2005 Disney movie Sky High. The technology didn’t exist for her character to live up to her full potential. I was born for Industry 4.0. Magic is Science. Science fiction becomes science fact. Maybe, finally, these tools, i.e., technology, will be used to encourage diversity, equity, and inclusion. Let’s use these tools to benefit humanity, e.g., feeding the world, eradicating diseases, meeting beings from other planets.

Mitchell, M. (Director). (2005). Sky High [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures, Gunn Films.

QUESTIONS What the heck is Industry 4.0? IBM defines it as “Synonymous with smart manufacturing, Industry 4.0 is the realization of the digital transformation of the field, delivering real-time decision making, enhanced productivity, flexibility, and agility.”

What is Industry 4.0 and how does it work? IBM. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ibm.com/topics/industry-4-0 My remarks/notes from the digital discussion: Note: different labels for smart manufacturing from Fabricio Note: disparate global impacts of I4.0 As we know, and as discussed in the readings, different parts of the world are in different revolutionary phases.

In a world where millions still struggle for food, potable water, and shelter, will Industry 4.0 be able to level the playing field? There are countries where polio is still endemic even though it’s been eradicated in the rest of the world. Will Industry 4.0 finally address some of our global disparities?

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Week 2 - continued DATA POINTS Christine Henri – My Journey (So Far) The Fourth Industrial Revolution Historical Context Profound and Systemic Change Drivers Megatrends Physical Digital Biological Tipping Points MOST RESOUNDING ACTION ITEM FROM TECH REPORT: “ To fully leverage the Industry 4.0

environment, enterprises will have to de-scale the traditional hierarchies of siloed organizations and implement agile methodologies to drive change by taking advantage of emerging technologies and the changing nature of work tasks."

Notes from optional zoom meeting: Sector Assimilation Project [This team project was intense. It will have its own slide showing one of our initial iterations of the infographic. It was truly a team effort.]

Week 3 Objectives • Evaluate the role IoT and Big Data plays in smart manufacturing • Recognize the market forces (e.g., sociopolitical, social, economic, technological, cultural) that shape and impact the speed and efficient of smart manufacturing and the adoption and adaption rates Lectures Optional Zoom Session Guest Lecture Series - Sandy Deitrich - Tenneco Readings Schwab - The Fourth Industrial Revolution - Pages 28-50 Tech Report - Internet of Things (IoT) - Pages 30-45 Tech Report - Big Data - Pages 46-59 IDEAS With all of this technology and access around the earth and into the universe (space stations, Mars), surely, we can be like Jesus and feed 5,000 with five loaves and two fish. We know how to grow plants without soil. We can manufacture devices to reach the depths of the ocean and the expanse of space yet we have humans within our communities without food, shelter, and water. But I digress.

It would have been interesting to see my TTI assessment before the fall of 2019. I am not the same person.

QUESTIONS What is IoT and IIoT? What happens when the power goes out and everything is disconnected?

DATA POINTS Sandy Deitrich – Using TTI in Practice The Fourth Industrial Revolution 3. Impact 3.1 Economy 3.1.1 Growth 3.1.2 Employment 3.1.3 The Nature of Work MOST RESOUNDING ACTION ITEM FROM TECH REPORT: (IoT) Industry must empower and retrain people to be the drivers of innovation.

(Big Data) Many companies that are looking to adopt Big Data need to fundamentally rethink how IT supports their business. Rather than hiring traditional data analysts, data scientists and data engineers should have a more strategic role, rather than merely support, within the business.

Notes from optional zoom meeting: TTI Success Insights – we (the class) didn’t use these insights productively Practical Applications – gain insights and new knowledge in: personal and professional competencies, behavioral style, and motivations (driving forces) NOTE TO SELF - create a personal benchmarking slide [The next few slides highlight the report.]

Behaviors, Driving Forces, Competencies Four dimensions of normal behavior: How you respond to problems and challenges.

How you influence others to your point of view.

How you respond to the pace of the environment.

How you respond to rules and procedures set by others.

Behaviors, Driving Forces, Competencies Driving Forces Wheel and Descriptors Wheel

Behaviors, Driving Forces, Competencies Most competencies are well developed. Four of the competencies are categorized as developed: time and priority management, project management, self starting, and appreciating others. Customer focus is moderately developed, and teamwork needs development.

Competencies 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 y t ac en ncy ing ity ty n l i s m m lo e lie nk bi il ti o ill rs ip g ip ag esi Thi lexi tab va Sk the rsh nin ing ion ng n g D an R c F o un no nal g O de ar ak tat lvi atio kin ers ing ng g t t i M In o in a Le M en So ti in th iz hi ti n en n rs s k st c i t r u Ac and ers nd Le us ion Ori m ego Th g O an ac tar em me the ocu or li c t f l l s g o e p a e Fu on uo ci al bl N tua cin Or t/C elf S nag ag g O r F mw na ity ter rst C n d n S a e ea in De Go ro n tin t so tiv In de p e r a e P a M M ia tom T n ce flu an m on Pe re n y U t c s C In ing lop o C rit c re u C io roje pp C n ve r n P P A e a Pl e D nd a e e oy im pl T Em

Mean

My Score

WEEK 4 Objectives • Recognize the legacy business model might not be appropriate for smart manufacturing implementation in any industry • Evaluate the mutually exclusive relationship between cloud computing and cybersecurity play in the implementation of smart manufacturing and what security measures are needed Lectures Optional Zoom Meeting Guest Lecture Series - Irene Petrick - Intel Readings Schwab - The Fourth Industrial Revolution - Pages 50-66 Tech Report - Cloud Computing - Pages 60-73 Tech Report - Cybersecurity - Pages 74-87 IDEAS I live my worklife with cloud computing through various devices. It’s the best thing ever. What happens when the power is turned off and the servers aren’t working? That means we have bigger problems like hurricane disasters, war, acts of terrorism, etc. Edge computing is new to me. Actually, the concept isn’t; the term is.

When Amazon Web Services has issues, maybe edge computing will prevent companies’ internet services from shutting down.

QUESTIONS If this is the fourth industrial revolution, what were the others and what defines this one?

What happens when the cloud dissipates?

What is cybersecurity and can we protect our data?

My remarks/notes from the digital discussion: Notes: edge computing Notes: cloud computing, cybersecurity, and data protections issues in the pharmaceutical industry and its affect on intellectual property.

We are currently experiencing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Industry 4.0. What impacts do you expect to find on cloud computing, edge computing, and block chain technologies?

DATA POINTS Irene Petrick – IoT and Smart Manufacturing: How are IIoT and digitization changing the manufacturing landscape?

MOST RESOUNDING ACTION ITEM FROM TECH REPORT: (Cloud Computing) Firms of all sizes should do a thorough review of their people, polices and procedures related to cloud computing, data storage, and analytics to best align, protect and leverage their platforms and data.

(Cybersecurity) People are an often-overlooked component within cybersecurity approaches. People enforce and ensure proper cybersecurity posturing, across an organization. (Hale, 2018) Leaders must focus on a hybrid approach of people, procedures, and technical measures across their diverse environments for optimal success.

WEEK 5 Objectives • Identify the global, national, and regional forces and perspectives shaping and impacting the geopolitical dynamics associated with the evolution of smart manufacturing associated with a multigenerational workforce • Summarize the velocity of change associated with the intersections of Robotics and Artificial Intelligence • Identify leading trends and market forces within robotics and artificial intelligence Lectures Optional Zoom Session Readings Schwab - The Fourth Industrial Revolution - Pages 67-90 Tech Report - Robotics - Pages 98-107 Tech Report - Artificial Intelligence - Pages 108 - 117 IDEAS A diverse, multigenerational workforce (5 generational cohorts working together) should give an organization the ability to effectively market to almost everyone.

QUESTIONS Is this where science fiction moves more towards science fact? If we can imagine it, can we make it happen?

DATA POINTS No guest speaker Fourth Industrial Revolution 3. Impact 3.3 National and Global 3.3.1 Governments 3.3.2 Countries, Regions, and Cities 3.3.3 International Security MOST RESOUNDING ACTION ITEM FROM TECH REPORT: (Robotics) Note to self – the page with conclusions and action items has “action items” cut off. Look at the download of the full report. [The full report had the same formatting issue.]

(Artificial Intelligence) Industry and educators should improve collaboration to enhance the talent pipeline to provide an AI ready workforce.

Notes from optional zoom meeting: Sector Assimilation Team Project – Trends, Market Dynamics

Week 6 Objectives Examine the societal impacts shaping dynamic thinking as it relates to the talent pipeline, technological development, and business model evolutions Investigate the development implementation and velocity of change associated with the intersections of Additive Manufacturing and Advanced materials and Modeling, Simulation, Visualization, and Immersion Lectures Optional Zoom Meeting Guest Lecture Series - Dan Banach – AutoDesk Readings Schwab - The Fourth Industrial Revolution - Pages 91-105 Tech Report - Modeling, Simulation, Visualization & Immersion - Pages 118-127 Tech Report - Additive Manufacturing - Pages 128 – 135 IDEAS We are the future. The future is now.

QUESTIONS My remarks/notes from the digital discussion:

The first time I started my car from my watch I felt like Knight Rider. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNyXYPhnUIs Dr. Dyrenfurth, a Purdue professor, often reminds us that we must control technology and not let technology control us. https://polytechnic.purdue.edu/profile/mdyrenfu DATA POINTS Dan Banach – How Generative Design is Transforming Design & Manufacturing MOST RESOUNDING ACTION ITEM FROM TECH REPORT: (MSVI). Learning and development departments should be prototyping and testing MSVI to re-skill and upskill their workforce.

(3D Printing) Evaluate current complex parts and consider a new approach to design them for 3D printing applications, which have different capabilities and may eliminate roadblocks associated with traditional manufacturing.

Notes from optional zoom meeting: Reiteration of dynamic thinking models, methods, and mindsets Intersection typologies Industry 4.0 landscape snapshot Infographics Two-minute video

Week 7 Objectives • Identify and evaluate ethical issues and concerns regarding the sociotechnical impact of Industry 4.0 technologies which require governance and oversight • Evaluate the concepts and processes associated with the creation and functioning of adaptive spaces for organizations who want to move from legacy to smart manufacturing paradigms • Recognize and conceptualize the variety of roles associated with the configuration and functions of effective adaptive spaces Lectures Optional Zoom Meeting Guest Lecture Series - Michael Arena - Amazon Web Services (AWS) Readings Schwab - The fourth Industrial Revolution - Pages 121-146 Arena - Adaptive Spaces - Pages 3-26 and 27-50 IDEAS This is why diversity, equity, and inclusion is so important. Apparently, I’ve been a broker in a number of career situations (and a business analyst) and didn’t realize that these concepts defined my role and actions.

It’s pretty cool to have a presentation from the author of the book we’re reading.

QUESTIONS Is this when all of the science fiction I grew up with becomes science fact?

Implantable Technologies Our Digital Presence Vision as the New Interface Wearable Internet Ubiquitous Computing A Supercomputer in Your Pocket Storage for All The Internet of and for Things The Connected Home Smart Cities Big Data for Decisions DATA POINTS Michael Arena – Shifting from Human Capital to Social Capital The Need for Adaptive Space pp 3-26 Discovery Connections of Brokers pp 27-50 Notes from optional zoom meeting: Finish the team project. “Write to re-write, writing needs work, proofing, balance, and harmony.” Punchlist of content, rigor, and technicalities. Go Team!

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Week 8 Objectives • Identify and evaluate ethical issues and concerns regarding the sociotechnical impact of Industry 4.0 technologies which require governance and oversight • Recognize and conceptualize the variety of roles associated with the configuration and functions of effective adaptive spaces • Completing these objectives will help build toward the first Learning Outcome.

Lectures Optional Zoom Meeting Guest Lecture Series - Darsweil Rogers - Fayetteville Public Works Commission Readings Schwab - The Fourth Industrial Revolution - Pages 147-152 Arena - Adaptive Spaces - Pages 51-74 and 75-98 IDEAS Hindsight is 20/20. In this transitional period of working and earning a doctorate, in between semesters, I can look back on career experiences and determine what type of path I would like to be on moving forward.

QUESTIONS Have we been working in adaptive spaces without realizing it?

DATA POINTS Darsweil L. Rogers – How Smart Technologies will Transform the Electric Industry Development Interactions of Connectors pp 51-74 Diffusion Connections of Challengers pp 75-98

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Week 9 Objectives • Recognize and conceptualize the variety of roles associated with the configuration and functions associated with effective adaptive spaces • Identify the characteristics associated with the pathways and connectors between and within legacy and smart paradigms, processes, and systems Lectures Optional Zoom Meeting Guest Lecture Series - Chuck Baukal - Z ink Institute Readings Arena - Adaptive Spaces - Pages 99122 and 125-148 Photo by Sina

IDEAS This summer I should post a weekly quote from the adaptive space book on the digital display boards at work – properly cited of course.

QUESTIONS What are the variety of roles associated with adaptive spaces?

What are the characteristics?

DATA POINTS Chuck Baukal, PhD, EdD, PE, John Zink Co. LLC (Tulsa, OK) – Voice of Industry – from a Manufacturer.

Koch Industries John Zink Institute Creative destruction Adaptive spaces and agility Social bubbles Disruptive Connections of Challengers pp 99-122 Engage the Edges pp 125-148

Week 10 was Spring Break

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Week 11 Objectives Identify the characteristics and processes for effective collaboration required for concept validation Recognize and conceptualize the variety of roles associated with the configuration and functions of effective adaptive spaces Completing these objectives will help build toward the first Learning Outcome.

Schedule Lectures Optional Zoom Meeting Readings Arena - Adaptive Spaces Pages 149-170 and 171194

IDEAS Pivoting in business may require personal changes to work in adaptive spaces.

QUESTIONS Should workers close to retirement go home or work in adaptive spaces?

Am I the friend that others find?

Is it possible to NOT be the friend that others find?

DATA POINTS Find a Friend pp 149-170 The First Friend Effect pp 153 – 157 Follow the Energy pp 171-194 The Power of Empathy pp 180 - 189

**Sigh of relief.** The sector assimilation project was completed and submitted. All of the contributions did not make it into the final iteration of the project.

This infographic was our first version. The submitted version earned us 4/5. The revised 2nd chance version earned us 5/5. My team members were awesome. I would have to ask them (my team members), but I think my teamwork assessment on the TTI would show improvement at this point.

Photo by Sakoodter Stocker

Week 12 Objectives Conceptualize discourse and conflict as a natural phenomenon to create adaptive spaces which is essential to transition from legacy to smart and to achieve balance in doing so Recognize the nature and life cycle dynamics of an adaptive space and when it’s time to modify, close, or expand them Completing these objectives will help build toward the first Learning Outcome.

Lectures Optional Zoom Meeting Readings Arena - Adaptive Spaces - Pages 195-218 and 219-240 IDEAS This course’s readings and this doctoral program’s material is also teaching me about myself. It makes sense that the longest I have worked for anyone was for myself.

QUESTIONS When is it time to leave an adaptive space that is no longer a good fit for you?

How do you leave the network?

DATA POINTS Embrace the Conflict pp 195-218 Close the Network pp 219 - 240

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Week 13 Objectives Identify the role blockchain technology plays in smart manufacturing Evaluate best practices, core components, advantages, and benefits of effective governance practices that can be adapted, modified, and adopted by the Distributed Manufacturing Network (DMN) using blockchain technology Readings The Role of Blockchain in Manufactu ring 2018 - Survey Results on Blockchain Technology Adoption Applying the Principles of Governanc e to Distributed Manufacturing Netwo rks and Technology Platforms.

IDEAS Let’s monetize every shared social media post.

QUESTIONS What is blockchain technology?

How safe is the digital information from corruption?

Will the world move to one currency?

What is the 80/20 rule?

DATA POINTS Dynamic Thinking Framework Innovation Typologies Adaptive Space Models Adaptive Space Assessment TTI TriMetrix DNA Data

Week 14

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Objectives Identify the role 5g plays in smart manufacturing adaptation and balancing with legacy operations Evaluate potential smart manufacturing use cases and examples of application of 5G Readings 5G and Smart Manufacturing Intel's Infographic on 5G and it's Implications for Smart Manufacturing IDEAS Let’s update existing infrastructure to upgrade access.

QUESTIONS What is industrial 5G? What is a cyber-physical system?

Will we still need satellite phones?

How can places with abandoned manufacturing sites reuse those locations?

DATA POINTS Advancements in wireless communication Evolution of disruptive communications URLLC – Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication mMTC – Massive Machine Type Communication

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Week 15 Objectives Evaluate the ethical concerns adapting and adopting smart manufacturing components with legacy manufacturing in regards to workforce and generational conflict and considerations Identify strengths, opportunities, weaknesses, and threats and the role of generational diversity, equity, and inclusion among incoming workforce Recognize ways to empower a multigenerational workforce Readings Three Reasons Manufacturing in 2021 will Focus on Connecting Workers Ethics and Automation: What to do When Workers are Displaced Solving the Talent Challenge: Millenials and Gen Z in the workforce IDEAS The tips and tools for working with Millenials and Gen Zers can be applied to all generational cohorts.

QUESTIONS Why is industry 4.0 met with some aggression?

Where other transformations this difficult? E.g. from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy?

Is it the rate or velocity of change that makes it more difficult for people to accept?

Will our workforce catch up the demands or will we be perpetually behind?

DATA POINTS Relieving emotional fatigue in the workplace

Week 16 Objectives Synthesize current methods for mitigating smart manufacturing vulnerabilities Evaluate technologies, policies, and protocols that can be used to mitigate against security breaches Readings Advanced attack scenarios and sabotage of smart manufacturing environments Security of smart manufacturing systems IDEAS Disconnect, shut down, and turn off smart manufacturing systems at scheduled times to interrupt potential hackers.

QUESTIONS What are the weak links in the security chain?

DATA POINTS Smart manufacturing equipment & proprietary systems Defense and mitigation measures Smart manufacturing Sustainable manufacturing Design for manufacturing Internet of Things Information security Cyber-physical systems

Resources other than class readings Adobe Creative Campus. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.adobecreativecampus.com/ Barone, R. (2021, April 6). Robotics in education: Advantages, benefits & importance for kids. iD Tech. Retrieved March 9, 2022, from https://www.idtech.com/blog/educationalbenefits-robotics Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, March 3). Why think dynamically? Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/policy/polaris/tis/think-dynamically/index.html The evolution of technology in the classroom. Purdue University Online. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://online.purdue.edu/blog/education/evolution-technology-classroom James, F. (2019, November 5). Everything you need to know about education 4.0. Quacquarelli Symonds. Retrieved from https://www.qs.com/everything-you-need-to-know-education40/ Kurt, D. S. (2020, February 6). Maslow's hierarchy of needs in Education. Education Library.

Retrieved March 13, 2022, from https://educationlibrary.org/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-in-education/ Reference: Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 37096.

Mitchell, M. (Director). (2005). Sky High [Film]. Walt Disney Pictures, Gunn Films.

Mittal, S., Khan, M. A., Romero, D., & Wuest, T. (2019). Smart manufacturing: Characteristics, technologies and enabling factors. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 233(5), 1342–1361. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954405417736547 OECD Digital Education Outlook 2021 – OECD Digital Education Outlook 2021. atriptycprodcom. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://digital-education-outlook.oecd.org/ Pistrui, D., & Kleinke, D. (2018). Industry 4.0 & the Talent Pipeline. Technology in Industry Report. Troy, MI: Automation Alley Smart Data and digital technology in education: Learning analytics, AI and beyond. OECD. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/education/ceri/smart-data-digital-technologyeducation-learning-analytics-ai.htm

Resources other than class readings continued State Government of Victoria, Australia. (2010). What is smart technology for the smart classroom? Education and Training. Retrieved from https://www.education.vic.gov.au/Documents/about/news/archive/7ensmarttech.pdf Timeline of technology in the classroom - curriculum & instruction. GradSchools.com.

(2021, July 12). Retrieved from https://www.gradschools.com/degree-guide/technology-in-the-classroom-timelinecurriculum-planning The use of robotics and simulators in the education environment. Purdue University Online. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://online.purdue.edu/blog/education/robotics-simulatorseducation-environment Wawrow, P., PhD, Douglas, A., & Kampe, N. (2019). Robotics. 2019 Technology in Industry Report. Industry 4.0: From Vision to Implementation, 98–106. Automation Alley What is Industry 4.0 and how does it work? IBM. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ibm.com/topics/industry-4-0 YouTube. (2014, December 11). Knight Rider - Original show intro | NBC classics.

YouTube. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNyXYPhnUIs

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The End. Note to self: in the break in between the summer class and fall classes, come back and review this information.

Digital Notebook

La Tasha Washington TECH 58100: Exploring the Applied Technologies David Pistrui, PhD Spring 2022