1.2
More Singular and Plural Nouns
OBJECTIVES • To form the plurals of nouns ending in -o, -f or -fe, and -ful and of compound nouns • To understand that some nouns are used only in the plural and that some nouns are plural in form but singular in meaning and use
DAILY MAINTENANCE Assign Practice Book page 1, Section 1.2. After students finish, 1. Give immediate feedback. 2. Review concepts as needed. 3. Model the correct answer.
hyphenated compound nouns, nouns ending in -ful, and nouns that are plural in form but singular in meaning and use. Discuss the words used in the Warm-Up activity. Have students form the plural of each word.
PRACTICE EXERCISE 1 Invite four volunteers to choose a number between 1 and 20. Have each volunteer write the plural of the word whose number in the exercise corresponds to the number chosen. Challenge
students to identify the rule that applies to the formation of each plural. Have students complete the exercise independently. Advise students to keep a list of irregular plurals for future reference. EXERCISE 2 After students complete the exercise, have volunteers explain why bison, Iroquois, salmon, and series appear in both columns. (Some irregular nouns have the same plural and singular form.) Remind students to use a dictionary to find the plurals of unfamiliar nouns.
Pages 4–5 of the Answer Key contain tips for Daily Maintenance.
WARM-UP Write the following words on the board:
1.2
radio, patio, tomato, safe, chief, knife, T-shirt, drive-in, e-mail
More Singular and Plural Nouns If a noun ends in -o preceded by a vowel, form the plural by adding -s.
Make note cards with the endings: -s, -es, and –ves. Ask volunteers to come up to the board and make the words plural by holding up the card with the correct ending next to each word.
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
trio
trios
rodeo
rodeos
If a noun ends in -o preceded by a consonant, form the plural by adding -es. There are some exceptions to this rule. Check a dictionary. SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
tomato
tomatoes
echo
echoes
E XC E P TI O N S:
piano zero alto
Read from a piece of writing that the class is currently reading. Emphasize the singular and plural nouns.
burro solo soprano
burros solos sopranos
For most nouns ending in -f or -fe, form the plurals by adding -s. For some nouns, however, you must change the -f or -fe to -ves. Always check a dictionary.
TEACH Review the definitions of singular nouns and plural nouns. Then invite volunteers to read aloud the rules for forming plurals and the examples for each. Point out the exceptions to the rules for forming plurals of nouns ending in -o, -f, or -fe. Discuss other plurals that can be troublesome, such as
SINGULAR
PLURAL
SINGULAR
PLURAL
roof safe
roofs safes
calf leaf
calves leaves
Form the plurals of most compound nouns by adding -s. SINGULAR
PLURAL
forget-me-not merry-go-round
forget-me-nots merry-go-rounds
Form the plurals of some compounds by adding -s to the principal word. Use a dictionary to be sure.
4
4 • Section 1.2
E XC E P TI O N S:
pianos zeros or zeroes altos
•
SINGULAR
PLURAL
mother-in-law attorney-at-law
mothers-in-law attorneys-at-law
Section 1.2