Figure 1: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Framework
Figure 2: A framework for valuing protected areas from Murphree (2004).
Economic and Financial Benefits • Products for subsistence use • Goods and products for market use • A strong foundation on which to build a tourist industry • The ability to attract capital from the private sector and donors (local and international) to generate conservation and economic capital • Job creation • Gene-‐banks for agriculturally important crops and animals
Ecological Benefits • The protection and provision of ecosystem services • Wildlife conservation • The protection and provision of biodiversity and its related benefits • Opportunities to expand scientific knowledge through the provision of sites for observation and experimentation • Protection against the negative effects of climate change
Political Benefits • The maintenance and extension of State authority • The enhancement of the State’s image (locally & globally) as a leader in biodiversity stewardship • Trans-‐boundary cooperation • An opportunity to implement its mandate to develop economically sustainable public private partnerships • A site for interacting with the economic needs of the rural poor
Social and Cultural Benefits • Recreational sites and facilities • Cultural and archaeological heritage protection • Religious heritage protection • Aesthetic values associated with landscapes and natural resources
Limpopo Protected Area Expansion Strategy: Making the Case
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