Bullying continued from page 84
http://www.aera.net/Newsroom/News/Prevention ofBullyingResearchReportandRecomm/tabid/148 65/Default.aspx Anagnostopoulos, D., Buchanan, N. T., Pereira, C., Lichty, L. F. (2009). School staff responses to gender-based bullying as moral interpretation: An exploratory study. Educational Policy, 23(4), 519-553. doi:10.1177/0895904807312469 Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977). Toward an experimental ecology of human development. American Psychologist, 32(7), 513-531. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.32.7.513 The absence of coordinated programs districtwide means any ground gained in elementary school is lost in middle and high school. Recent research has encouraged ending the use of the word “bullying” in schools as well as an increased effort to address gender-based violence (American Educational Research Association, 2013). Overusing bullying to describe all violence in schools has minimized the focus on legally actionable violence like assault and sexual harassment. Reorienting the discussion to aggression and violence, of which bullying is a subset, will improve the ability to involve school stakeholder groups like law enforcement, community government, social service agencies, and churches in a community-wide endeavor to reduce violence with coordinated programs and possibly pooled resources. The goal for reducing violence long-term must be to start with the center of Bronfenbrenner’s (1995) social-ecological framework and develop individuals who are resilient, social interactions that are respectful and responsible, and interactions between societal constructs that work to reduce violence across society. References American Educational Research Association. (2013). Prevention of bullying in schools, colleges, and universities: Research report and recommendations. Washington, DC: AERA. Retrieved from
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1995). Developmental ecology through space and time: A future perspective. In P. Moen, G. H. Elder Jr., & K. Luscher (Eds.), Examining lives in context: Perspectives on the ecology of human development (pp. 619-647). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Bucy, A. M. (2010). Educator interventions in bullying of male and female high school students in Ohio. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. http://gradworks.umi.com/34/48/3448392.html Catalano, S. (2012). Special report: Intimate partner violence 1993-2010. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved from http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ipv9310.pdf Center for the Study of Social Policy. (2012). Results-based public policy strategies for promoting children’s social, emotional and behavioral health. Retrieved from http://www.cssp.org/policy/papers/PromoteChildrens-Social-Emotional-and-BehavioralHealth.pdf Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2002). Community interventions to promote healthy social environments: Early childhood development and family housing. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5 101a1.htm
Continue on page 89