ﻛﺘﺎﺏ :ﺳﻼﺡ ﺍﳌﺆﻣﻦ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﳌﺆﻟﻒ :ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﳘﺎﻡ ﺑﻦ ﺭﺍﺟﻲ ﺍﷲ ﺑﻦ ﺳﺮﺍﻳﺎ ﺑﻦ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ
ﺑﺴﻢ ﺍﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﻭﺑﻪ ﺛﻘﱵ ﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﷲ ﺍﳌﻨﻌﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻠﻘﻪ ﲜﻤﻴﻞ ﺁﻻﺋﻪ ،ﺍﶈﺴﻦ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﺑﻠﻄﻴﻒ ﺭﻓﺪﻩ ﻭﺟﺰﻳﻞ ﻋﻄﺎﺋﻪ ،ﺍﶈﻘﻖ ﳌﻦ ﺃﻣﻠﻪ ﺣﺴﻦ ﻇﻨﻪ ﻭﺭﺟﺎﺋﻪ ،ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺄﻥ ﻓﺘﺢ ﳍﻢ ﺑﺎﺑﻪ ﻭﺃﻣﺮﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﻭﻋﺪﻫﻢ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ،ﻭﻭﻓﻖ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺎﺀ ﺑﻠﻄﻔﻪ ﻭﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪ ؛ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺮﺽ ﻟﻨﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﻓﻀﻠﻪ ﻭﺭﲪﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻫﺪﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﻴﻞ ﺇﻟﻴﻪ ،ﻭﺃﳍﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﺗﻜﺮﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ،ﺃﲪﺪﻩ ﻭﺍﳊﻤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻌﻤﻪ ،ﻭﺃﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﺍﳌﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻠﻪ ﻭﻛﺮﻣﻪ ،ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﻻ ﺇﻟﻪ ﺇﻻ ﺍﷲ ﻭﺣﺪﻩ ﻻ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﻟﻪ ﳎﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻛﺎﺷﻒ ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﺃﺷﻬﺪ ﺃﻥ ﳏﻤﺪﺍ ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ﻭﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ،ﺧﺎﰎ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﺎﺀ ،ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺁﻟﻪ ﻭﺻﺤﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﱪﺭﺓ ﺍﻷﺗﻘﻴﺎﺀ ،ﺻﻼﺓ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﺪﻭﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻤﺎ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ .ﺃﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ :ﻓﻤﻦ ﺃﻭﱃ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻧﺼﺮﻓﺖ ﺇﱃ ﺣﻔﻈﻪ ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﺫﻭﻱ ﺍﳍﻤﻢ ،ﻭﺃﺣﻖ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻫﺘﺪﻱ ﺑﺄﻧﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﰲ ﻏﻴﺎﻫﺐ ﺍﻟﻈﻠﻢ ،ﻭﺃﻧﻔﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺪﺭﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻨﻮﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻌﻢ ؛ ﻭﺃﻣﻨﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﺪﺭﺋﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻢ ،ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﳋﲑ ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺣﺎ ،ﻭﺑﻨﺺ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﻟﻠﻤﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﺳﻼﺣﺎ ،ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻤﺠﻴﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ،ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﻪ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ،ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺭﻏﺐ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﱘ ،ﻭﺇﻟﻴﻪ ﺟﻨﺢ ﺍﳌﺮﺳﻠﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﳊﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ،ﻭﺇﻥ ﺃﺣﺴﻦ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﺧﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺮﺀ ﻟﺪﻋﺎﺋﻪ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ،ﻭﲢﺮﺍﻩ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺧﻄﺐ ﻣﺪﳍﻢ ،ﻣﺎ ﲢﺼﻞ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺼﻮﺩ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺳﻲ ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺪﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻟﻘﺒﻮﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺍﷲ ﺃﻭ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺭﺳﻮﻟﻪ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻧﻜﺮ ﺍﻷﺋﻤﺔ - ﺭﺿﻲ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ -ﺍﻹﻋﺮﺍﺽ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﺩﻋﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻗﺘﻔﺎﺀ ﺁﺛﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﻴﺔ ،ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﺍﳊﺎﻓﻆ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﺑﻦ ﺃﲪﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺃﻳﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﻄﱪﺍﱐ ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ' ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ' :ﻫﺬﺍ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ﺃﻟﻔﺘﻪ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ ﻷﺩﻋﻴﺔ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺣﺪﺍﱐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺃﱐ ﺭﺃﻳﺖ ﻛﺜﲑﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻗﺪ ﲤﺴﻜﻮﺍ ﺑﺄﺩﻋﻴﺔ ﺳﺠﻊ ،ﻭﺃﺩﻋﻴﺔ ﻭﺿﻌﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﻳﺎﻡ ﳑﺎ ﺃﻟﻔﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﺍﻗﻮﻥ ،ﻻ ﺗﺮﻭﻯ ﻋﻦ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﻭﻻ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ ،ﻭﻻ ﻋﻦ ﺃﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ ﺑﺈﺣﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺎ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﻫﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺴﺠﻊ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﻓﻴﻪ .ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎﻥ ﲪﺪ ﺑﻦ ﳏﻤﺪ ﺍﳋﻄﺎﰊ -ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ -ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ' ﺷﺄﻥ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ' :ﻭﻗﺪ ﺃﻭﻟﻊ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﺑﺄﺩﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﻨﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﺧﺘﺮﻋﻮﻫﺎ ،ﻭﺃﲰﺎﺀ ﲰﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺃﻧﺰﻝ ﺍﷲ ﻬﺑﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻠﻄﺎﻥ ،ﻭﻗﺪ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﰲ ﺃﻳﺪﻳﻬﻢ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻷﲰﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻋﻴﺔ ﻳﺴﻤﻮﻧﻪ ' ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﺍﺳﻢ ' ﺻﻨﻔﻬﺎ ﳍﻢ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﺘﻜﻠﻤﲔ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﳉﻬﻌﻞ ﻭﺍﳉﺮﺃﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﺗﺒﺎﺭﻙ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ ،ﺃﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ ﺯﻭﺭ ﻭﺍﻓﺘﺮﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ -ﺳﺒﺤﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﺗﻌﺎﱃ -ﻓﻠﻴﺠﺘﻨﺒﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻋﻲ ﺇﻻ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺍﻓﻖ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺍﺏ .ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﻣﺎﻡ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻃﻮﺷﻲ - ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ -ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺏ ' ﺍﻷﺩﻋﻴﺔ ' ﻟﻪ :ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺐ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﺎﺏ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻌﺮﺽ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺍﷲ -ﺗﻌﺎﱃ -ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻷﺻﻔﻴﺎﺀ ﻣﻘﺮﻭﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ،ﰒ ﺗﻨﺘﻘﻲ ﺃﻟﻔﺎﻅ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ،ﻛﺄﻧﻚ ﻗﺪ ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﰲ ﺯﻋﻤﻚ ﲜﻤﻴﻊ ﺩﻋﻮﺍﻬﺗﻢ ،ﰒ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻨﺖ ﺑﺪﻋﻮﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮﺍﻫﻢ .ﻭﻗﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺿﻲ ﻋﻴﺎﺽ -ﺭﲪﻪ ﺍﷲ -ﺇﻥ ﺍﷲ ﺃﺫﻥ ﰲ ﺩﻋﺎﺋﻪ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﳋﻠﻴﻘﺘﻪ ،ﻭﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﱯ ﺻﻠﻰ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻭﺳﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺪﻋﺎﺀ ﻷﻣﺘﻪ ،ﻭﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺃﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ