Philosophy of Science

1 The Pykewater Library W. D. S. Pennington Theories and Philosophy of Science Achinstein, Peter and Owen Hannaway, Eds. Observation, Experiment, and Hypothesis in Modern Physical Science. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1985.

Ackermann, Robert John. Data, Instruments, and Theory: A Dialectical Approach to Understanding Science. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Agassi, Joseph. Popper and His Popular Critics: Thomas Kuhn, Paul Feyerabend and Imre Lakatos. New York, NY: Springer, 2014.

Bass, Marisa Anne. Insect Artifice: Nature and Art in the Dutch Revolt. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019.

Bevir, Mark. The Logic of the History of Ideas. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Bijker, Wiebe E., Thomas P. Hughes and Trevor Pinch, Eds. The Social Construction of Technological Systems: New Directions in the Sociology and History of Technology (Anniversary Edition). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2012.

Bricker, Phillip and R. I. G. Hughes, Eds. Philosophical Perspectives on Newtonian Science.

Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1990.

Brooke, John Hedley. Science and Religion: Some Historical Perspectives. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

Burge, Tyler. Origins of Objectivity. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2010.

Bynum, W. F. Science and the Practice of Medicine in the Nineteenth Century. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

Carter, K. Codell. The Decline of Therapeutic Bloodletting and the Collapse of Traditional Medicine. New York, NY: Routledge, 2017.

Cetina, Karin Knorr. Epistemic Cultures: How the Sciences Make Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.

Chalmers, Alan F. What Is This Thing Called Science? Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing, 2013.

Cohen, I. Bernard. Revolution in Science. Cambridge, MA: Belknap/Harvard University Press, 1995.

Collins, Randall. The Sociology of Philosophies: A Global Theory of Intellectual Change.

Cambridge, MA: Belknap/Harvard University Press, 2000.

Cohen, I. Bernard. The Newtonian revolution: With Illustrations of the Transformation of Scientific Ideas. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1980.

Coleman, William. Biology in the Nineteenth Century: Problems of Form, Function, and Transformation. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

Conner, Clifford D. A People’s History of Science: Miners, Midwives, and ‘Low Mechanicks’.

New York, NY: Nation Books, 2005.

Cowles, Henry M. The Scientific Method: An Evolution of Thinking from Darwin to Dewey.

2 Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2020.

Crombie, A. C. The History of Science from Augustine to Galileo. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 1995.

Crombie, A. C. Medieval and Early Modern Science, Volume II: Science in the Later Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: XIII-XVII Centuries (Revised Second Edition). Garden City, NY: Doubleday/Anchor Books, 1959.

Crombie, A. C. Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Science, 1100-1700. New York, NY: Clarendon Press/Oxford, 1953.

Crombie, A. C. Science, Art and Nature in Medieval and Modern Thought. London, UK: Hambledon Press, 1996.

Crombie, A. C., Ed. Scientific Change: Historical Studies in the Intellectual, Social and Technical Conditions for Scientific Discovery and Technical Invention, from Antiquity to the Present. New York, NY: Basic Books, 1961.

Daston, Lorraine and Elizabeth Lunbeck, Eds. Histories of Scientific Observation. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2011.

Daston, Lorraine and Peter Galison. Objectivity. New York, NY: Zone Books, 2010.

Davis, Philip J. and Reuben Hersh. The Mathematical Experience. Boston, MA: Mariner Books, 1999.

Dear, Peter. Revolutionizing the Sciences: European Knowledge and Its Ambitions, 1500-1700 (Second Edition). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2009.

Debus, Allen G. Man and Nature in the Renaissance. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Dodds, B. J. T. The Foundations of Newton’s Alchemy: Or, the Hunting of the Greene Lyon. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

Duhem, Pierre. Essays in the History and Philosophy of Science. Eds. Peter Barker and Roger Ariew. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing, 1996.

Ericsson, K. Anders and Jacqui Smith, Eds. Toward a General Theory of Expertise: Prospects and Limits. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Feyerabend, Paul. Against Method (Fourth Edition). Brooklyn, NY: Verso, 2010.

Feyerabend, Paul. Conquest of Abundance: A Tale of Abstraction Versus the Richness of Being.

Ed. Bert Terpstra. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2001.

Feyerabend, Paul. Knowledge, Science and Relativism: Philosophical Papers, Volume 3. Ed. John Preston. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

Feyerabend, Paul. Problems of Empiricism: Philosophical Papers, Volume 2. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Fisch, Menachem. Creatively Undecided: Toward a History and Philosophy of Scientific Agency.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2017.

Fleck, Ludwik. Genesis and Developing of a Scientific Fact. Eds. Thaddeus J. Trenn and Robert K. Merton. Trans. Fred Bradley and Thaddeus J. Trenn. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago

3 Press, 1981.

Frankel, Felice. Envisioning Science: The Design and Craft of the Science Image. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2002.

Fuller, Steve. The Governance of Science. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press, 2000.

Fuller, Steve. Kuhn vs. Popper: The Struggle for the Soul of Science. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 2004.

Fuller, Steve and James H. Collier. Philosophy, Rhetoric, and the End of Knowledge: A New Beginning for Science and Technology Studies (Second Edition). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2004.

Galison, Peter. How Experiments End. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1987.

Galison, Peter. Image and Logic: A Material Culture of Microphysics. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1997.

Gauch, Jr., Hugh G. Scientific Method in Practice. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Gaukroger, Stephen. Civilization and the Culture of Science: Science and the Shaping of Modernity, 1795-1935. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2020.

Gaukroger, Stephen. The Collapse of Mechanism and the Rise of Sensibility: Science and the Shaping of Modernity, 1680-1760. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2012.

Gaukroger, Stephen. The Emergence of a Scientific Culture: Science and the Shaping of Modernity, 1210-1685. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2009.

Gaukroger, Stephen. The Natural and the Human: Science and the Shaping of Modernity, 17391841. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2018.

Ghiselin, Michael T. The Triumph of the Darwinian Method. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2003.

Gigerenzer, Gerd, et al. The Empire of Chance: How Probability Changed Science and Everyday Life. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Gimbel, Steven. Exploring the Scientific Method: Cases and Questions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2011.

Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. New York, NY: Penguin Books, 2008.

Gleick, James. Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman. New York, NY: Vintage Books, 1993.

Gleick, James. Time Travel: A History. New York, NY: Vintage Books, 2017.

Godfrey-Smith, Peter. Theory and Reality: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2009.

Grant, Edward. The Foundations of Modern Science in the Middle Ages: Their Religious, Institutional and Intellectual Contexts. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

Hacking, Ian. Scientific Revolutions. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1981.

Hacking, Ian. The Social Construction of What? Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000.

Hankins, Thomas L. Science and the Enlightenment. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

4 Harman, P. M. Energy, Force, and Matter: The Conceptual Development of Nineteenth-Century Physics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

Hecht, Jennifer Michael. Doubt: A History: The Great Doubters and Their Legacy of Innovation from Socrates and Jesus to Thomas Jefferson and Emily Dickinson. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2004.

Hetherington, Stephen, et al. The Philosophy of Knowledge: A History (4 Volumes). New York, NY: Bloomsbury Academic, 2018.

Hofstadter, Douglas R. Godel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid (20th-Anniversary Edition).

New York, NY: Basic Books, 1999.

Hollis, Martin and Steven Lukes, Eds. Rationality and Relativism. Oxford, UK: Basil Blackwell, 1982.

Holmes, Frederic L. and Trevor H. Levere, Eds. Instruments and Experimentation in the History of Chemistry. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2000.

Holton, Gerald. Einstein, History, and Other Passions: The Rebellion Against Science at the End of the Twentieth Century. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing, 1997.

Holton, Gerald. Science and Anti-Science. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.

Holton, Gerald. The Scientific Imagination. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1998.

Holton, Gerald. The Scientific Imagination: Case Studies. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1978.

Holton, Gerald. Thematic Origins of Scientific Thought: Kepler to Einstein (Revised Edition).

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988.

Horwich, Paul, Ed. World Changes: Thomas Kuhn and the Nature of Science. Pittsburg, PA: University of Pittsburg Press, 2010.

Howson, Colin and Peter Urbach. Scientific Reasoning: The Bayesian Approach (Second Edition).

Chicago, IL: Open Court, 1996.

Hull, David L. Science as a Process: An Evolutionary Account of the Social and Conceptual Development of Science. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1990.

Kitcher, Philip. The Advancement of Science: Science without Legend, Objectivity without Illusions. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1995.

Kitcher, Philip. The Nature of Mathematical Knowledge. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1983.

Knight, David. Voyaging in Strange Seas: The Great Revolution in Science. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2014.

Koertge, Noretta, Ed. A House Built on Sand: Exposing Postmodernist Myths About Science.

New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Koyre, Alexandre. The Astronomical Revolution: Copernicus-Kepler-Borelli. Trans. R. E. W. Maddison. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 1992.

Koyre, Alexandre. From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1968.

Koyre, Alexandre. Galileo Studies. Trans. John Mepham. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities

5 Press, 1978.

Koyre, Alexandre. Metaphysics and Measurement. London, UK: Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1968.

Koyre, Alexandre. Newtonian Studies. Chicago, IL: Phoenix Books/University of Chicago Press, 1968.

Kuhn, Thomas S. The Copernican Revolution: Planetary Astronomy in the Development of Western Thought. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003.

Kuhn, Thomas S. The Essential Tension: Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and Change.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1977.

Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Third Edition). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1996.

Ladyman, James. Understanding Philosophy of Science. New York, NY: Routledge, 2002.

Lakatos, Imre. Proofs and Refutations: The Logic of Mathematical Discovery. Eds. John Worrall and Elie Zahar. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2015.

Lakatos, Imre and Alan Musgrave, Eds. Criticism and the Growth of Knowledge: Proceedings from the International Colloquium in the Philosophy of Science, London, 1965, Vol. 4.

New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

Lange, Marc, Ed. Philosophy of Science: An Anthology. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2007.

Latour, Bruno. Science in Action: How to Follow Scientists and Engineers Through Society.

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988.

Latour, Bruno and Steve Woolgar. Laboratory Life: The Construction of Social Facts. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986.

Laudan, Larry. Beyond Positivism and Relativism: Theory, Method, and Evidence. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996.

Laudan, Larry. Progress and Its Problems: Towards a Theory of Scientific Growth. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1997.

Laudan, Larry. Science and Relativism: Some Key Controversies in the Philosophy of Science.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1990.

Laudan, Larry. Science and Values: The Aims of Science and Their Role in Scientific Debate.

Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1984.

Leong, Elaine. Recipes and Everyday Knowledge: Medicine, Science, and the Household in Early Modern England. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2018.

Lindberg, David C. The Beginnings of Western Science: The European Scientific Tradition in Philosophical, Religious, and Institutional Context, Prehistory to A.D. 1450 (Second Edition). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2007.

Lloyd, G. E. R. Early Greek Science: Thales to Aristotle. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 1970.

Lloyd, G. E. R. Greek Science After Aristotle. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 1973.

Lloyd, G. E. R. Magic, Reason and Experience: Studies in the Origins and Development of Greek Science. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett, 1979.

Lloyd, G. E. R. The Revolutions of Wisdom: Studies in the Claims and Practice of Ancient Greek Science. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1989.

Long, Pamela O. Artisan/Practitioners and the Rise of the New Sciences, 1400-1600. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Press, 2011.

6 Long, Pamela O. Openness, Secrecy, Authorship: Technical Arts and the Culture of Knowledge from Antiquity to the Renaissance. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001.

MacKenzie, Donald A. Statistics in Britain, 1865-1930: The Social Construction of Scientific Knowledge. Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press, 1981.

Mackie, J. L. The Cement of the Universe: A Study of Causation. New York, NY: Clarendon Press/Oxford, 1974.

Malament, David B., Ed. Reading Natural Philosophy: Essays in the History and Philosophy of Science and Mathematics. Chicago, IL: Open Court, 2002.

Massimi, Michela and Casey D. McCoy, Eds. Understanding Perspectivism: Scientific Challenges and Methodological Prospects. New York, NY: Routledge, 2019.

McIntyre, Lee. The Scientific Attitude: Defending Science from Denial, Fraud, and Pseudoscience.

Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2019.

McMullin, Ernan, Ed. The Social Dimensions of Science. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1992.

Merton, Robert K. On Social Structure and Science. Ed. Piotr Sztompka. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1996.

Merton, Robert K. The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations. Ed. Norman W. Storer. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1974.

Merzbach, Uta C. and Carl Boyer. A History of Mathematics (Third Edition). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2011.

Midgley, Mary. Science as Salvation: A Modern Myth and Its Meaning. New York, NY: Routledge, 1994.

Mol, Annemarie. The Body Multiple: Ontology in Medical Practice. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002.

Moran, Bruce T. Distilling Knowledge: Alchemy, Chemistry, and the Scientific Revolution.

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005.

Morgenbesser, Sidney, Patrick Suppes and Morton White, Eds. Philosophy, Science, and Method: Essays in Honor of Ernest Nagel. New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press, 1969.

Morrisson, Mark S. Modern Alchemy: Occultism and the Emergence of Atomic Theory. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2007.

Motterlini, Matteo, Ed. For and Against Method: Including Lakatos’s Lectures on Scientific Method and the Lakatos-Feyerabend Correspondence. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2010.

Neusner, Jacob, Ernest S. Frerichs and Pail Virgil McCracken Flesher, Eds. Religion, Science, and Magic: In Concert and in Conflict. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1989.

Newman, William R. Atoms and Alchemy: Chymistry and the Experimental Origins of the Scientific Revolution. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2006.

Newman, William R. Newton the Alchemist: Science, Enigma, and the Quest for Nature’s ‘Secret Fire’. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019.

7 Newman, William R. Promethean Ambitions: Alchemy and the Quest to Perfect Nature. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2004.

Newman, William R. and Anthony Grafton, Eds. Secrets of Nature: Astrology and Alchemy in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2001.

Newman, William R. and Lawrence M. Principe. Alchemy Tried in the Fire: Starkey, Boyle, and the Fate of Helmontian Chymistry. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2002.

Newton, C. A. da Costa and Steven French. Science and Partial Truth: A Unitary Approach to Models and Scientific Reasoning. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2003.

Nicolson, Marjorie Hope. The Breaking of the Circle: Studies in the Effect of the ‘New Science’ Upon Seventeenth-Century Poetry. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1965.

Oreskes, Naomi. Why Trust Science? Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019.

Papineau, David, Ed. The Philosophy of Science. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2007.

Park, David. The Grand Contraption: The World as Myth, Number, and Chance. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2007.

Penrose, Roger. Fashion, Faith, and Fantasy in the New Physics of the Universe. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2016.

Poincare, Henri. Science and Method. Trans. Francis Maitland. New York, NY: Barnes and Noble Books, 2004.

Poincare, Henri. The Value of Science: Essential Writings of Henri Poincare. Ed. Stephen Jay Gould. New York, NY: The Modern Library, 2001.

Polya, G. How to Solve It: A New Aspect of Mathematical Method. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2004.

Popper, Karl. Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge. New York, NY: Routledge, 2002.

Popper, Karl. The Logic of Scientific Discovery. New York, NY: Routledge, 2002.

Popper, Karl. Objective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach (Revised Edition). New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1972.

Porter, Roy and Mikulas Teich, Eds. The Scientific Revolution in National Context. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

Preston, John. Feyerabend: Philosophy, Science and Society. Malden, MA: Polity Press, 1997.

Principe, Lawrence M. The Aspiring Adept: Robert Boyle and His Alchemical Quest. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000.

Pyenson, Lewis and Susan Sheets-Pyenson. Servants of Nature: A History of Scientific Institutions, Enterprises, and Sensibilities. New York, NY: W. W. Norton, 1999.

Rabins, Peter V. The Why of Things: Causality in Science, Medicine and Life. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 2013.

Reichenbach, Hans. The Direction of Time. Ed. Maria Reichenbach. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 1999.

Reichenbach, Hans. Experience and Prediction: An Analysis of the Foundations and the Structure of Knowledge. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2006.

Richards, Robert J. and Lorraine Daston, Eds. Kuhn’s Structure of Scientific Revolutions at Fifty.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2016.

8 Rosmini, Antonio. Certainty. Trans. Denis Cleary and Terence Watson. Durham, UK: Rosmini House, 1991.

Rotman, Brian. Signifying Nothing: The Semiotics of Zero. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993.

Rudwick, Martin J. S. The Great Devonian Controversy: the Shaping of Scientific Knowledge Among Gentlemanly Specialists. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1985.

Sarton, George. A History of Science: Ancient Science Through the Golden Age of Greece.

Cambridge, MA: John Wiley/Harvard University Press, 1964.

Scerri, Eric R. The Periodic Table: Its Story and Its Significance. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2006.

Scharnberb, Max. The Myth of the Paradigm-Shift, or How to Lie with Methodology. Stockholm, Sweden: Almquist and Wiksell International, 1984.

Schechner, Sara J. Comets, Popular Culture, and the Birth of Modern Cosmology. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1999.

Scheffler, Israel The Anatomy of Inquiry: Philosophical Studies in the Theory of Science.

Indianapolis, IN: Bibbs-Merrill Company, 1963.

Schlagel, Richard H. From Myth to Modern Mind: A Study of the Origins and Growth of Scientific Thought: Volume 2, Copernicus Through Quantum Mechanics. New York, NY: Peter Lang, 1996.

Schrodinger, Erwin. Nature and the Greeks and Science and Humanism. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Shapin, Steven. The Scientific Life: A Moral History of a Late Modern Vocation. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2008.

Shapin, Steven. The Scientific Revolution. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1998.

Shapin, Steven and Simon Schaffer. Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1985.

Simon, Herbert A. The Sciences of the Artificial (Third Edition). Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1996.

Sklar, Lawrence. Theory and Truth: Philosophical Critique within Foundational Science. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2002.

Smith, Pamela H. The Body of the Artisan: Art and Experience in the Scientific Revolution.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2006.

Smith, Pamela H., Amy R. W. Meyers and Harold J. Cook, Eds. Ways of Making and Knowing: The Material Culture of Empirical Knowledge. New York, NY: Bard Graduate Center, 2017.

Smith, Pamela H. and Benjamin Schmidt, Eds. Making Knowledge in Early Modern Europe: Practices, Objects, and Texts, 1400-1800. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2008.

Stafford, Barbara Maria. Ribbon of Darkness: Inferencing from the Shadowy Arts and Sciences.

Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2019.

Stove, David. Popper and After: Four Modern Irrationalists. New York, NY: Pergamon Press, 1984.

Strevens, Michael. Depth: An Account of Scientific Explanation. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011.

9 Taper, Mark L. and Subhash R. Lele, Eds. The Nature of Scientific Evidence: Statistical, Philosophical, and Empirical Considerations. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2004.

Taton, Rene, Ed. History of Science: Science in the Nineteenth Century. Trans. A. J. Pomerans.

New York, NY: Basic Books, 1965.

Taton, Rene, Ed. History of Science: Science in the Twentieth Century. Trans. A. J. Pomerans.

New York, NY: Basic Books, 1966.

Van Fraassen, Bas C. The Empirical Stance. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2002.

Van Fraassen, Bas C. Laws and Symmetry. New York, NY: Clarendon/Oxford University Press, 2003.

Van Fraassen, Bas C. The Scientific Image. New York, NY: Clarendon/Oxford University Press, 2013.

Van Fraassen, Bas C. Scientific Representation. New York, NY: Clarendon/Oxford University Press, 2013.

Watson, James D. The Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Discovery of the Structure of DNA. New York, NY: Touchstone Books/Simon and Schuster, 2001.

Weinberg, Steven. To Explain the World: The Discovery of Modern Science. New York, NY: Harper/HarperCollins, 2015.

Westfall, Richard S. The Construction of Modern Science: Mechanisms and Mechanics. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2009.

Wootton, David. The Invention of Science: A New History of the Scientific Revolution. New York, NY: Harper/HarperCollins, 2015.

Zammito, John H. A Nice Derangement of Epistemes: Post-Positivism in the Study of Science from Quine to Latour. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2004.

Ziman, John. Reliable Knowledge: An Exploration of the Grounds for Belief in Science. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1991.