Studio 4 | 'The Ark' Portfolio

Studio | 04

‘The Ark’ Portfolio Minjie Liang | 1010618 Studio Leader: Laura Mártires

2020 Semester 2 Melbourne School of Design, University of Melbourne

Content

Week 01

The Bare Necessities

Week 02

The Superfl ous and The Specific

Week 03

Pack it all in

Week 04

What else is there?

Week 05-06

What If?

Week 07

Midsem Review

Week 08

Design Development

Week 09

Design Development

Week 10

Design Development

Week 11

Design Development

Week 12

Design Development

Week 14

Final Review

2

Week 01 Session 02

Task 1: The Bare Necessities Designers

What is ‘Ideal’ and ‘Fundamental’ Living ?

Inhabitant

Spatial Requirements

Desire

+ Good source of natural light + A comfortable rest environment + Home gym space + Seperate work/ study space and live space + A balcony for fresh air and nature + A home cinema

-A full-time international student who studies at home every day since the lockdown, and sometimes is tired of preparing for meals since the study is busy. He has already been bored with indoor activities.

- He likes doing exercises but don’t have equipment/ facility at home - He would keep pets in the future (a cat and a dog)

+ Keeping a pet + Getting a job + May have new family members (eg. get married, two children)

Home gym space

Elevation / Bed

Draft model

Draft model

3

Week 02 Session 01

Task 1: The Bare Necessities Designers

Introduction

Who are you?

My name is minjie, I’m an international student, now I study at home every day since the lockdown, I like doing exercises but don’t have equipment or facility at home now, and sometimes I am bored of preparing the meals

I have a roommate currently, I have already been bored with the tedious indoor experience as the activity every day is like the duplication, I need a new fresh spatial experience, I hope the interior

4

I major in architecture so most of the study time I am facing my computer, so my neck is stiffed somehow eyes are sour, I hope my studying space can be interesting and relieve this condition.

I need my living room can be private not to be interrupted easily. I hope I can directly see the sky when I lie on

Week 02 Session 01

Task 1: The Bare Necessities Designers

Precedents

Mitaka Lofts , Arakawa & Gins

Container dwelling , takanobu kishimoto

House NA, Sou Fujimoto

House & Atelier Bow- Wow

Introduction

Previous feedback / Self questioning

This living unit consists of two basic cells (7m*5m*3m), it can adapt to 1~2 people living. It aims to explore how the playful and challenging elements are integrated into the spatial experience for inhabitant (myself) especially during this period of time that we can only do activities indoor. On the lower ground is the dining area and bathroom, while the study area is on the mezzanine, the first floor is all the private space including the living room, balcony, and a secret roof garden.

• What is ‘Ideal living space for me?

• How can the archietects make the body challenge the space?

• Can we move our body through out the space?

• How can we use the space to increase the daily exercise, especially during this whole indoor period?

Can we extend the interior spatial routine?

5

Week 02 Session 01

Task 1: The Bare Necessities Designers

Floor Plans Designers

In a nutshell, this living unit consists of two basic cells (7m*5m*3m), it can adapt to 1~2 people living. It aims to explore how the playful and challenging elements are integrated into the spatial experience for inhabitants (myself) especially during this period of time that we can only do activities indoors.

6

Week 02 Session 01

Task 1: The Bare Necessities Designers

Sectional Narrative

On the lower ground is the dining area and bathroom, while the study area is on the mezzanine, the first floor is all the private space including the living room, balcony, and a secret roof garden.

7

Week 02 Session 01

Task 1: The Bare Necessities Designers

Isometric Drawing

Moving up, there is a mezzanine where my study area sits, then climbing up through this ladder can reach my living room, one double size bed. In addition, the balcony that can only be accessed from the living room.

8

Week 02 Session 01

Task 1: The Bare Necessities Designers

Sectional Narrative

This section depicts typical several activities on a day of the habitant (myself) in the living unit.

9

Week 03 Session 01

Task 2: The Superfl ous and The Specific Users

Introduction

ART COMMUNITY CENTRE Our life is not just sleeping, eat, and work, we need to balance life between work, we need art, we need music, film, painting, sculpture, literature, performance, and architecture.

“We need the arts more than ever before. Including several programs, this art community center is aiming to be an artistic home to a wide variety of artists and community groups, that a meeting place where people from all walks of life are welcomed and come together to learn, experience and enjoy the arts.”

Artists studio

Exhibition

Gallery

Sketch

Future Art Community Centre:

Programs

• Self-growth, adapt to the increasing demand / expansion • Has the spatial flexibility according to different needs • Flexible and affordable working studio spaces and exhibition space for the artists

• • • • • •

10

The Exhibition Space Artcraft shop Artists Studio Outdoor Workshop The Meeting Room Multi-purpose Hall

Week 03 Session 01

Task 2: The Superfl ous and The Specific Users

Precedents

‘Museum of Unlimited Growth,’ 1931, Takeo Kamiya, Le Corbusier

The Shed’s Bloomberg Building, Diller Scofidio + Renfro, 2019

It is the realization of Corbusier’s early concept of the “ Musée à croissance illimitée” (Museum of Unlimited Growth). The building can grow to the outside indefinitely like a spiral shell. When it needs to be expanded in the future, the original building can be expanded to the outside.

NDSM LOODS Warehouse, Amsterdam

The building is intended to be flexible and can physically transform itself, based on the needs and requests of artists using the space. It features a U-shaped, moving roof that virtually doubles the size of this building.

“The warehouse is part of the former shipyard Art City, a cultural and artistic breeding ground with circa 80 workspaces, covers around one third of the building’s immense surface”.

11

Week 03 Session 01

Task 2: The Superfl ous and The Specific Users

Isometric Model

Ground Floor

The ground floor is a impressive exhibition foyer measuring 20 x 21 metres(equal to 12 units), available for hire by individual artists and groups to display their artwork, in addition, there is a shop and lecture space

12

Week 03 Session 01

Task 2: The Superfl ous and The Specific Users

Isometric Model

First Floor

The first floor includes three rentable artists studios, the big one measuring 10 meters x 4 meters, allowing up to two artists’, two small ones are capable of one artist. They both provide separate working space and storage space. Two individual outdoor art workshops are situated diagonally.

13

Week 03 Session 01

Task 2: The Superfl ous and The Specific Users

Isometric Model

Second Floor

The ground floor is a impressive exhibition foyer measuring 20 x 21 metres(equal to 12 units), available for hire by individual artists and groups to display their artwork, in addition, there is a shop and lecture space

14

Week 03 Session 01

Task 2: The Superfl ous and The Specific Users

Isometric Model

Overall model

15

Week 03 Session 01

Task 2: The Superfl ous and The Specific Users

Multipurpose Hall Diagram

1. Small interior activity (eg.classes)+ Outdoor Cafe

2. Medium interior activity + Semi outdoor space

16

3. Big interior activity(eg. performance ,lecture, etc)

Week 03 Session 01

Task 3: Pack it all in Groupwork

Precedents

VERTICAL VILLAGE TAIPEI, 2011

(Not) another tower, Tatiana Bilbao, 2018 Chicago-architecture-biennial

As buildings tower, upwards the social fabric of a community is stretched thinner, effectively enclosing people within vertical suburbs. How can space be manipulated and connected to create truly vertical communities?�

VERTICAL VILLAGE TAIPEI, 2011

17

Week 03 Session 01

Task 3: Pack it all in Groupwork

Option 2 Introduction

Play Time, 1967

Modern Times, 1936

“How humanity is forced to fit around and within the machines and institutions endemic in modern society, particularly in relation to its social context.�

It is a dark humor that denounces the exploitation of man by machine.

18

Week 03

Session 01 Task 3: Pack it all in Groupwork

Section Diagram Option 1

Option 2

(Credited to Hongyu)

This section envisions a vertical living environment in the future when the residents are only allowed to live inside the building, the general planning was that all basic programs such as office, store, education, entertainment, health care in the central area while several living units are situated surround them and they are in different type according to the need of residents

In the era of an extremely and radically capitalized society, the value of an individual is manipulated through one’s whole life, the building itself is like a giant machine and the inhabitant is like the tiny screw. All inhabitants live in the middle area where the huge transporting core lies in, their living place will move down to the next tier as ages growing.

19

Week 03 Session 01

Task 3: Pack it all in Tower 1

Tower 1

Option 3 Efficient Tower

LOW RISE RESIDENTIAL

CITY CENTRE

ELDERLY

Vertical circulation as secondary transportation

ART CENTRE

CITY SQUARE

VET

LOVE HOTEL

CAFÉ/BAR PORTAL

Tower 1

SUPERMARKET

Tower 1

HEALTH

MULTISPORTS CENTRE

Core plate

SUPERMARKET

LIBRARY

EDUCATION

FUNDAMENTALS

Core plate

SOCIAL HOUSING

Process diagrams

HOUSING

CINEMA

OUTDOOR SPACE

Secondary plate inserted between every 5 core

DAY CARE

Repeat plate extruding upwards

SCHOOL FIELD

Design efficiency for each plate

OUTDOOR SPACE OUTDOOR SPACE

CAFÉ/BAR

HOUSING

Tower 1

OFFICE

SALON

STACKED HOUSING

Groupwork

HIGH RISE RESIDENTIAL

Core plate

Core plate Core plate

Core plate

Programs that would be included every repetitive Programsinthat would be included in every repetitive floor plate floor plate

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Secondary plate

Core plate

(Credited to Kay)

Sectional diagram 20

Residential Education Supermarket Café / Restaurants Outdoor parks Exercise Health centre Entertainment Social spaces Office Emergency hub Shop houses

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Residential Education Supermarket Café / Restaurants Outdoor parks Exercise Health centre Entertainment Social spaces Office Emergency hub Shop houses

Secondary plate Secondary plate

Programs included in floorPrograms plate thatincluded is inserted afterplate that is inserted afte in floor every 5 cores every 5 cores

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Manufacturing warehouse 1. Manufacturing warehouse Cemetery 2. Cemetery Jail 3. Jail Community hall 4. Community hall Committee 5. Committee Recycle hub 6. Recycle hub

Week 03 Session 01

Task 3: Pack it all in Groupwork

Option 3 Efficient Tower

Tower 1

(Credited to Kay)

21

Week 04 Session 01

Task 4: What else is there?

Groupwork Iterations

(Credited to Kay)

Iteration 1

(Credited to Hongyu)

Iteration 2

22

Iteration 3

Week 04 Session 01

Task 4: What else is there?

Groupwork

Research

DESIGN BRIEF Context : Over half of the world (55%) lives in urban settings. It is expected that the world's urban population will grow by more than a billion people between 2010 and 2025, while the rural population will hardly grow at all.

Issue : With the rates of urbanization rapidly increasing across the world and at the same time shifting away from employment in agriculture , it is likely that the proportion of the global population not producing food will continue to grow , and eventually insufficient to support the community.

Design Aim : Develop a resource-efficient and self-sustainable city where urban and rural are codependent of each other.

23

Week 04 Session 01

Task 4: What else is there?

Groupwork Research CODEPENDENCY FARMING Largest scale

( Services )

Highest number

Lowest number

FARMING

LIVESTOCK

AQUAPONIC

Land / Racks Vegetables + Fruits :

Coops Chicken, ducks

Carrots , Cucumbers, Tomatoes, herbs, Leeks, Beans, Onions, lettuces, spinach, Strawberries , Cherries, Watermelons , grapes,

Land + barns Cattle , Goats , Sheep

Fish tanks Tilapia, Trout, Hybrid Striped bass, Catfish, Koi

Barns Pigs

Tanks Lobsters , Crabs , Squids, Shrimps

Bee Keeping Honey bees

24

WASTEFUL EXAGERATED FUN ENTERTAINMENT

Rural

Residential

Urban

TRANSITION CONSUMERS

SUPPORTING FACTOR CO-DEPENDENCY RESOURCE EFFICIENT

Week 04 Session 01

Task 4: What else is there?

Groupwork

Sectional Diagrams SECTION DIAGRAMS

ITTERATION 1

ITTERATION 2

ITTERATION 3

25

Week 04 Session 01

Task 4: What else is there?

Groupwork Kit of Parts

Isometric Model

TS OF PARTS

26

Week 04 Session 01

Task 4: What else is there?

Section

Groupwork

SECTION

Isometric Section

DIAGRAMMATIC FLOOR PLANS

Floor Plans

TOP TIER

MID TIER

27

Week 04 Session 02

Task 4: What If? Groupwork Research

Macro What if Melbourne will face a food shortage in the futrue due to the increasing population?

What if the daily diet per one person is calculated precisely according to needs?

What if suburbs do not exist anymore?

Micro What if rural areas are not just for growing esseintial needs?

Melbourne is Australia’s fastest-growing city and the population is projected to increase to over 7 million in 2050, increasing the city’s demand for fresh food by around 60%. With a constantly increasing population, the first and most significant crisis that Melbourne will face is a food shortage.

What if people can travel without leaving out of a building?

28

Week 04 Session 02

Task 4: What If? Groupwork Kit of Parts

29

Week 05

Session 01 Task 4: What If? Groupwork Iterations

(Credited to Kay)

Iteration 1

(Credited to Hongyu)

Iteration 3

Iteration 3 reference

(Credited to Hongyu)

Iteration 2

Iteration 4

Iteration 4 reference

30

Week 05

Session 01 Task 4: What If? Groupwork

Vertical Farming

(Credited to Kay)

(Credited to Kay)

Based on the previous research about foodconsumption, we proposed a unit of vertical survival production tower that includes vertical farming, aquaponic and livestocks,etc that can feed 100 people in one time.

31

Week 05 Session 01

Task 4: What If? Groupwork Model

Since the feedback last week was that the three parts were too close to each other and it doesnt need to be so dense, so we reconfigured our tower.

Generally, three parts are separated in our building and not as close to eachother as the previous one, and the programs inside are adapted from the previous kit of parts that include all basic programs and some superfluous programs. The overall configuration is similar to triangular, in which each part is adjacent to the other two parts. However, this configuration does not work better than the linear arrangement so we need to reconfigure it.

Rural

Compilation

Residential

Urban

Circulation

32

Week 06

Session 02 Task 4: What If? Groupwork

Interior Experience

(Credited to Kay)

(Credited to Hongyu)

Conceptual Section of Residential

Also, we started to think about several scenarios in our tower.

For example, the image on top is a residential section that the living units sit on sides with a lively interior sky street in the middle to create a community experience, references to the RMIT Library sky street.

Rural Scene

33

(Credited to Hongyu)

Week 06 Session 01

Task 4: What If? Groupwork

Precedents

The feedback last week was that the three zones were too separate and it doesn’t look like a complete tower building so it still needed to be reconfigured. Therefore we found these are two precedents that we could refer to.

They are both consisted of two separate major towers but connected with communal space in the middle. So we think our ark could draw from this and be arranged in a similar linear way.

The Cloud by MVRDV

34

Velo Towers by Asymptote Architecture

Week 06 Session 02

Task 4: What If? Groupwork

Design Sketch

Iterations of form

Sketch

0%

A rough sketch of new configuration of rural, urban and residential parts, but adding a new part, resource transformation (purple sophere at the bottom) that connected with the three parts.

50%

100%

Residen�al Urban

A key ratio diagram that basically determines how big each part should be in our ark tower.

8.5%

12.5%

79%

20000㎡

30000㎡

190000㎡

Ratio Diagram

35

Rural

Week 06

Session 02 Task 4: What If? Groupwork

Design development

Isometric Model

Circulation diagram

36

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Mid Semester Review

37

(Credited to Hongyu)

With the numbers of natural disasters increasing, rural lands are being destroyed and in the future, we might be lacking in land for food production. For example, early this year Australia has faced with an unusually intense bushfire which destroyed many lands. So in the future, what will happen to living beings if these disasters continues to rise to the extent that it happens monthly? Will suburbs still exist? Are rural lands still suitable to grow crops and produce food and can we still produce enough ?

38

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Macro scenario

(Credited to Hongyu)

When humans are temporary shifted into towers to refuge from these unpredictable scenarios, what happens to food production since it is now dependent and responsible by residents in each tower? Can these spaces serve other purpose other than food production? What happens to fun and travel if they have to stay indoors most of the time?

39

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork Rearch

The statistics and calculation showing how much land is needed to support a single individual based on their average diet. And so these factors determines the final ratio and scale of our tower. At the bottom is the final calculation of the minimum amount of land needed to feed 1500 people and then further calculated to reach an accurate number for our tower.

40

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Ratio

This is how the ratio works in our tower. 80% dedicated to rural, about 9% residential which equal to about 700 people and 12% urban space. So this ratio is important for our design as itgenerated the overall form and scale of the tower.

41

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork Kit of parts

A final library of kits of parts that will be included in our tower. It consist of a series of parts that were developed through out the earlier weeks and additional programs that were needed to support the tower.

42

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Isometric model

43

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Functional diagram

Waste

Resources

Main Circula�on

Resource Transformation

Circulation

Waste Recycling Hub

Lifts as main vertical circulation for humans and goods transport

Collects waste from tower to recycle and dispose

Services Eco tourism

Various food eco-tourism prorgams

Eco tourism Food Farming

Residen�al

Electricity

Maximize u�lizing space for food produc�on

Services

Electricity

Energy

Main Structrue

Food Farming Services Eco Tourism

Energy

Food Farming

Energy supply

Eco-tourisms

Generates electricity from rural and distributes to tower

Lower tier is to solely produce sufficient food and top tier also produces food but also includes other travelling programs 44

Manufactory

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Systematic strategies

(Credited to Hongyu)

45

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork Urban

The urban is suppose create fun and exciting areas, with bright colours and exaggerated elements. The distribution of programs are more randomised and overlaps from one another. It serves as a social space for gathering, festivals and creates liveliness in the tower.

46

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Urban: Vignette 1

(Credited to Kay)

A day view at the top of the tower. Using bright colors and reflective elements to create a cheerful space for gatherings

47

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Urban: Vignette 2

(Credited to Kay)

A night view, with a lively atmosphere in the city at night.

48

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Residential

The residential is designed to be structured and organised. So there is a pattern to every level where it repeats to keep this ordered form through out. There is also a certain hierarchy to the arrangements. The lower tier are high density and more affordable living areas such as social and stacked housings , whereas the top floors are more expensive with bungalows and individual houses.

49

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Residential: Vignette 1

(Credited to Kay)

This is a perspevtive from the top of residential,in the perspectives you could see how both sides are always mirrored. The main residential is divided onto two sides with a casual social - circulation space in the middle

50

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Residential: Vignette 2

(Credited to Kay)

This is a perspective from the lower tier in residential (social housing). The pattern is usually repeated through a few levels creating order and equality for the residents living in the level.

51

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork Rural

The rural area is also divided into two parts.

The lower tier is not opened to public, where the spaces are fully utilised to solely produce sufficientfood to support the residents. So for our tower we have calculated and assured that the spacesbelow are sufficient to reach the minimum amount of land needed to feel 700 people.

The top tier also produces food but also includes other travelling programs such as butterfly farms wine tastings etc, and allows visitors to experience the farms. It also aims to be an educational experience, to allow people to be more aware of the huge amount of space needed to support an individual.

52

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Rural: Vignette 1

(Credited to Kay)

he experience this perspective is more of a tourist attraction area in the vertical garden, and introduces technologies such as aquaponics and vertical farming to people.

53

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Rural: Vignette 2

(Credited to Kay)

The second perspectives aims to have more of a vast openness freedom experience. Where back to basics all farmings are done on vast land scape and creating an endless view which experience contrasts with the tight urban space.

54

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Floor Plans

55

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Long Section

The cable car goes through the top floor connecting three parts together, and it acts as a more interesting travelling method, that could tour visitors around the tower from one side to the other.

56

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Short Section

A partial section cutting through the urban side, so you could see the randomised overlapping floorplates, intersecting with one another creating a more interesting circulation and view .

57

Week 07 Session 01

Mid semester review Groupwork

Key Section: Transitional Space

(Credited to Hongyu)

58

Week 08 Session 01

Design Development Groupwork

Manifesto

Drought, fire, smoke: Australia has entered into a state of emergency. Orange skies, ash field rains, fire tornadoes while people huddling for shelter. Millions of hectares of land have been burned, are still burning and will continue to burn for decades. This fire is a warning of climate change to the world.

Humans now need to change. We can do more than just endure. We can tackle it and create a better, more just society and adapt to the new normal.

1. We will now live in towers, where will defend us and keep us safe from the heat, smoke, and pollution 2. The tower is a new life, we will move all programs into this vertical city, growing new lives in the midst of this burning waste.

3. We will be self-sufficient, each individual responsible for producing their own amount of food and value the land.

4. Lifestyles has to change. We now practice a subsistence living style, where we live on the minimal resources that are necessary for survival.

5. BUT, that doesn’t mean we can’t have FUN. 59

Week 08

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Manifesto

Contexts

Issues

Purpose

Australia burns and people are forced to move into towers. With the lack of land humans now need to create sufficient land to support their survival. It is then when people start to realize the amount of land that they have been taking for granted.

Humans have always been taking land for granted and overlook the importance of it for survival. When the city now needs to start making precise decisions to be self-sustainable, they will learn to appreciate the significance of land and the profligate lifestyle they have been living on.

To create a resource-efficient and self-sufficient tower, where the tower is run by the residents, providing self-sufficient food, fun, entertainment and education to the residents.

60

Week 08 Session 01

Design Development Groupwork

Research Australians diet

Ecological footprint per capita

Basic consumptions Basic Food Fruit Vegetables (incl. mushrooms) Edible seaweed

Adult

Youngers

Raw, edible por�on

126.5

137.6

Raw, edible por�on

123.9

85

Dried

0.03

0.04

81.2

57.8

Repor�ng Unit

Raw, edible por�on Raw, edible por�on Whole milk equivalent Whole egg without shell Whole grain equivalent

14.4

5.1

187.4

192

11

8

66.7

64.3

Dried

2.2

1.4

Dried

3.4

1.2

Sugar

Refined

20.4

21.9

Cocoa

Dried bean equivalent

1.5

2

Refined oil

11.8

10.4

Meat Seafood Dairy products Eggs Grains Beans, peas and pulses Nuts and seeds

Vegetable oil (incl. margarine) Bu�er and ghee

Bu�er

2.3

Beer

Beer

63.4

Wine

Wine

Total

2.2

Adult

OTHERS 19%

FRUIT 16.9 %

GRAINS 9.7 %

VEGETABLES 16.6 %

DIARY PRODUCTS 25 %

30.7 747 (approx)

589 (approx)

Basic food consump�on (kg/person/year) by adult (19 years and above) and younger Australians (2 to 18 years)

Australia ranks 10th in the world ecological footprint per capita Comparision

61

MEAT 12.8 %

Week 08

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Research

The chart on top illustrates the change in beef and lamb consumption in Australia for 30 years. We can see Australians devoured 90.21 kilograms of meat per person in 2014,s poultry is the most consumed meat at over 40 kg per person. Beef and veal and pig meat each account for between 20 and 30 kg per person. Fish accounts for around 15 kg per person and sheep meat for less than 10 kg per person.

The table down below depicts the average number of animals per farm in the past 20 years, and chicken takes up the least space in a farm.

62

vs Aerial view of grand feedlot cattle, NSW

Aerial view of Melbourne city, VIC

63

Week 08

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Research

We set up a diet catalog that basically indicates the average land area in different zones per capita according to different lifestyles (general, abundance, subsistence), the capacity ranges from the minimum number (one person) to the maximum number (500 people), in addition, it includes a list of incremental programs in the urban part when the capacity increases.

In summary, based on research,the land needed per Capita (Australian) are 1. General : 6.5 hectare 2. Abundance : 14 hectare 3. Subsistence : 3.3 hectare

64

Week 08 Session 01

Design Development Groupwork

Ratio Diagram Subsistence

Based on this calculation, a matrix of ratio diagrams were generated in the purpose to very straight forward depict how big each part is. The X-axis is subsistence, normal, and abundance, the Y-axis here illustrates the capacity in thetower, ranging from the minimum number one person to the maximum number, 200, the unit is hectare, equal to 10000 square meters. At the very left top, the smallest volume of a tower, the very bottom right, the biggest one. This set of ratio diagrams dont determine the final volume of the ark tower, but it shows how rural area is important and how largely we are dependent on it.

1 person

0.5 0.003 3.3

10 people

0.5 0.03

20 people

0.5 0.06

Normal 0.5 0.008

6.5

Abundance 0.5

0.01

14

1

0.08

65

1

0.1

140

66

1

0.16

130

1

0.2

280

33

1

0.15

165

1

0.4

325

1

0.5

700

100 people

1.5

0.3

330

1.5

0.8

650

1.5

1

1400

200 people

1.5 0.6

330

1.5

1.6

1300

1.5

2

2800

50 people

65

Week 08

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Research Subsistence

Consider when the numberof capicity is over 100 the land area is increadiblely huge so we take 10 people / 20 people as a example

1 person

0.5 0.003 3.3

10 people

0.5 0.03

20 people

0.5 0.06

Normal 0.5 0.008

6.5

Abundance 0.5

0.01

14

1

0.08

65

1

0.1

140

66

1

0.16

130

1

0.2

280

33

1

0.15

165

1

0.4

325

1

0.5

700

100 people

1.5

0.3

330

1.5

0.8

650

1.5

1

1400

200 people

1.5 0.6

330

1.5

1.6

1300

1.5

2

2800

50 people

66

Week 08

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Research Subsistence

A subsistence lifestyle with an all-vegetarian diet and accounts for the least land needed per capita.

1 person

0.5 0.003 3.3

10 people

0.5 0.03

20 people

0.5 0.06

50 people Basic Food Fruit

Repor�ng Unit

Grains Beans, peas and pulses Nuts and seeds Sugar

0.15

0.5 0.008

0.1

140

66

1

0.16

130

1

0.2

280

165

1

0.4

325

1

0.5

700

1.5

0.8

650

1.5

1

1400

1.5

1.6

1300

1.5

2

2800

Youngers

Raw, edible por�on

123.9

85

330 137.6

Dried

0.03

0.04

Whole grain equivalent

66.7

64.3

Dried

120

80

Dried

3.4

1.2

330

21.9

1.5

2

Refined oil

11.8

10.4

Bu�er

2.3

2.2

Beer

Beer

63.4

Wine

Wine

30.7

Vegetable oil (incl. margarine) Bu�er and ghee

14

1

Dried bean equivalent

Cocoa

0.01

65

Adult

1.5 20.40.6

0.5

0.08

126.5 1.5 0.3

Refined 200 people

6.5

Abundance

1

33

Raw, edible por�on

100 people Vegetables (incl. mushrooms) Edible seaweed

1

Normal

Total Basic food consump�on (kg/person/year) by adult (19 years and above) and younger Australians (2 to 18 years)

67

Week 08

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Research Subsistence

Normal lifestyle with a mainly vegetarian and limited choice of meat, accounting for the average land needed per capita.

1 person

0.5 0.003 3.3

10 people

0.5 0.03

20 people

0.5 0.06

50 people

1

0.15

Normal 0.5 0.008

0.3

14

1

0.1

140

66

1

0.16

130

1

0.2

280

165

1

0.4

325

1

0.5

700

1.5

1

1400

1.5

2

2800

Adult

Youngers

126.5

137.6

123.9

85

0.03

0.04

Limited

Limited

Limited

Limited

Limited

Limited

Limited

Limited

66.7

64.3

Dried

2.2

1.4

Dried

3.4

1.2

Sugar

Refined

20.4

21.9

Cocoa

Dried bean equivalent

1.5

2

Refined oil

11.8

10.4

Bu�er

2.3

2.2

Repor�ng Unit

Vegetables 1.5 (incl. mushrooms) Edible seaweed

330

Seafood Dairy products

1.5 0.6

0.01

65

Meat

200 people

0.5

0.08

Fruit

1.5

6.5

1

33

Basic Food

100 people

Abundance

Eggs

330

Grains Beans, peas and pulses Nuts and seeds

Vegetable oil (incl. margarine) Bu�er and ghee

650

Dried Raw, edible por�on Raw, edible por�on Whole milk equivalent Whole egg without shell 1.6 Whole grain equivalent

1300

Beer

Beer

63.4

Wine

Wine

30.7

Total

68

1.5

Raw, edible por�on 0.8 Raw, edible por�on

Week 08

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Research Subsistence

The lifestyle of abundance doesn’t have restrictions but it also has the incredible land needed per capita which is way too extensive.

1 person

0.5 0.003 3.3

10 people

0.5 0.03

20 people

0.5 0.06

50 people

1

0.15

Normal 0.5 0.008

6.5

Abundance 0.5

0.01

1

0.08

65

1

0.1

140

66

1

0.16

130

1

0.2

280

165

1

0.4

325

1

0.5

700

33

Basic Food Fruit

100 people

1.5

0.3

1.5

330

0.8

650

1 1.5Vegetables (incl. mushrooms) Edible seaweed Meat Seafood Dairy products

200 people

1.5 0.6

14

330

1.5

1.6

1300

1.5

Eggs 2 Grains Beans, peas and pulses Nuts and seeds

Repor�ng Unit Raw, edible por�on Raw, edible por�on Dried Raw, edible por�on Raw, edible por�on Whole milk equivalent Whole egg without shell Whole grain equivalent Dried

Adult

Youngers

126.5

137.6

123.9

85

0.03

0.04

81.2

57.8

14.4

5.1

187.4

192

1400

2800 11

8

66.7

64.3

2.2

1.4

Dried

3.4

1.2

Sugar

Refined

20.4

21.9

Cocoa

Dried bean equivalent

1.5

2

Refined oil

11.8

10.4 2.2

Vegetable oil (incl. margarine) Bu�er and ghee

Bu�er

2.3

Beer

Beer

63.4

Wine

Wine

Total

30.7 747 (approx)

589 (approx)

Basic food consump�on (kg/person/year) by adult (19 years and above) and younger Australians (2 to 18 years)

69

Week 08

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Research A year in the life of a typical farmer’s life in the 18th Century Source based on Antoine Lavoisier by Geert Mak (1995)

3.3% 3.3% 7.6%

7.3%

36%

20%

17.5%

Lifestock

Misc

20%

17.5%

Plowing Seeding Harvesting Mowing

3.3% 3.3% 7.6%

7.3%

Thrershing

36%

Research Programing Server management Email

Administration

Public Relations

70

Holiday

Week 08

Session 02 Design Development Groupwork

Limited Natural Beef: 100g per year, rest of the meat is labgrown meat,eating natural beef is a luxury for the resident in the tower.

Research Subsistence

1 person

0.5 0.003 3.3

10 people

0.5 0.03

20 people

0.5 0.06

50 people

100 people

200 people

1

0.15

Normal 0.5 0.008

6.5

Abundance 0.5

0.01

Normal

Abundance

1 person 100g proteins (from live stocks) = 175m2 Farm Land

14

0.5 0.003 3.3

1

0.08

65

1

0.1

140

66

1

0.16

130

1

0.2

280

165

1

0.4

325

1

0.5

700

33

Subsistence

10 people

0.5 0.03

0.5 0.008

33

0.08

1

20 peoplemeat = 26g proteins 100g 0.5 0.06

50 people

1

0.15

6.5

14

0.5

0.01

65

1

0.1

140

66

1

0.16

130

1

0.2

280

165

1

0.4

325

1

0.5

700

1.5

1

1400

100g proteins = 384 g meat 1.5

0.3

330

0.8

1.5

650

1.5

1

1400

100 people

1.5

0.3

330

0.8

1.5

650

One cattle yields 430 pounds meat =195kg = 195,000g

1.5 0.6

660

1.6

1.5

1300

1.5

2

If one person is allowed to take 100g proteins from beef per year, 500 people are 50,000g proteins 200 people

2800

1.5 0.6

660

1.6

1.5

1300

1.5

2800

2

Total Farm Land =500 *175m2 = 87,500m2 =87.5 hectares Average per person: 87.5/500 =0.175hectares

500 people

2

1.6

1650

3

4

3250

3

5

7000

500 people

2

1.6

330

80 % OFF

71

3

4

650

80 % OFF

3

5

1400

80 % OFF

Week 08 Session 02

Design Development Groupwork

Research

“Australia has become the latest country to join the emerging lab-grown meat industry, which so far has been dominated by food-tech start-ups in Europe, Israel and California's Silicon Valley.�

A researcher at Melbourne University cuts up meat from a cow biopsy to help release stem cells.(ABC News: Marty McCarthy)

Substition meat: cultured meat (labgrown meat) Benefits: Reducing 99% land area of mass farming and 82-96% less water.

72

Week 08

Session 02 Design Development Groupwork

Prototype of Rural

Split floor plate

Hanging vertical farming

Distribution into cubes

Reference 1

Reference 2

Reference 3

From the precedents, the first precedent features stacks of big floor greenery plate without facade and the interior can be seen through, which is most similar to our previous strategy. The second one puts vertical farming hung surround the central core. The last one fragmentizes complete farming into many small cubes.

In summary, the traditional farming is seperated into many vast floor plates without the building envelope (from ref 1), modern farming would be densely gathered in a module (from ref 2), and the ecotourism is designed to fragmentation and distributed on every floor(from ref 3).

73

Week 09 Session 01

Design Development Groupwork

Spatial Arrangement

The spatial arrangement of the ark basically holds the idea from mid-semester which still keeps the three separate zonings: residential (red) is the main consumers depending and relying heavily on both the rural area (green) and the village (blue, also it would not be defined as ‘urban’ since its property in the ark has changed).

The spatial arrangement of the rural zone came from the idea of the previous research/ reference and followed the feedback last week: both keep the horizontal plate and the vertical farming unit which also works as the supportive structure in the building.

74

Week 09 Session 01

Design Development Groupwork

Architcture Strategies

This week we produced several different architecture strategies, for example, the emergency response includes an alarm tower(landmark) and three-layers facade that would functionally react according to the different extent of the emergency.

(Credited to Hongyu)

In addition, to coordinate the architecture language in different parts, we came up with an architecture language such as archways, curvy windows, the idea behind this is to create a sense of monument and nostalgic experience. Also, the structural component in our rural part is integrated with several different functions such as vertical farming and vertical water transportation, etc.

(Credited to Kay)

75

Week 10

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Volume reiteration

This is a new attempt of volume, the idea behind is to operate the traditional vast land and modern industrial farming because the nostalgic and symbolic vast land is a kinda memorial space while the outside land is burnt down. Meanwhile, according to the previous ratio diagram, the amount of rural land is too huge to be internalized in a building, so we decide to scale it down.

The two light green towers are for intense farming and the dark green circular land is traditional farming, in addition, the rural part and residential part are combined into one volume which is hanged over the two towers.

Overall volume

Intense farming tower

Traditional land

Urban+Residential

76

Week 10 Session 01

Design Development Groupwork

Volumetric iterations

The previous volume and form are lacking a continuous logic and less convincing than the three-separate-volume model, so we reiterate the volume of the final tower, and compare them to choose an optical one to develop.

There are many iterations and the main change is the volume of the rural part. After last week, we realized that this huge imbalance is not a disadvantage in the design but it is a common social issue that is ignored by many people therefore we use our design to criticize and comment.

Volumetric iterations

77

Week 10 Session 02

Design Development Groupwork

Volumetric iterations

Amon g these iterations we decide to choose this one as the final one to develop.

78

Week 10

100 people

1.5

0.3

330

1.5

0.8

650

200 people

1.5 0.6

660

1.5

1.6

1300

500 people

2

330

4

650

Session 02 Design Development Groupwork

Form Development

Considering the huge volumetric contrast of three components, we start to refer to the old style scale: three components are sit in place according to their weight: the rural zone is the most important and heavy component for food production holds the ark in place, while the village and residential areas both heavily depend on it, the residential and the village is not sitting on the ground but be elevated and hung above so that it can stay away from the fire and keep safety.

1.6

Old style scale

79

3

Final ratio

Week 11

Session 02 Design Development Groupwork

Overall Model

80

Week 11

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Rural Model

In the ark residents start by going to the rural areas to work. Our food production is divided into two options, modern farming and traditional farming. Traditional farming is incorporated with the ecotourism, exposed on the outside, where the modern farming labs are hidden in the interior, underneath the landscape slab to mimic this visual of the whole rural looking as it is a natural landscape.

Partial section

Overall Rural part

81

Week 12

Session 01 Design Development Groupwork

Village Model

Kit of parts (coexisting part)

Overall Model

Elevation

Our village is imaged with a pleasant and colourful space for residents and animals to enjoy. The village is mainly divided into four functions, Co-existing and animal perseverance , retail, entertainment and manufacture. For example, the coexisting part, emphasising on the idea that in the ark we would coexist and respect nature, the village is not only designed for human activities. In the village we welcome animals to coexist and focus on flora and fauna that require care and preservation.

For example our programs are designed to incorporate spaces for animals such as feeding and taking care of them until they are ready to be sent back to the rural areas.

(Partial modelling credited to Hongyu)

82

Week 12

Session 02 Design development Groupwork Facade

Previous facade Potemkin Theatre / Maich Swift Architects

The facade system is divided into two-layer, the outer aluminum layer coating with fireproof material, and the second inner layer is a dust filter (the working mechanism similar to face mask). The color of the outer layer of the facade is updated and references it to the color palette of the Potemkin theatre facade, as the image (left top) shows.

Updated facade

83

Final Review

84

85

2019, Summer “I missed the rural land we used to enjoy...”

“It reminds me of a bushfire many years ago...

“We have been taking land for granted..”

“But this time is much severer ..”

“Until one day a bushfire suddenly burst out”

“But extreme weather are more frequent than usual.”

“Build an ARK!”

86 Arks would spread across Victoria

87

88

Overall Section

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101

102

103

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZcM5JflWRv8&feature=emb_title

104

105

End

106