Land&People, Vol. 34, No. 1 - Fall/Winter 2022

FALL/WINTER 2022 A BENEFIT TO MEMBERS OF TRUST FOR PUBLIC LAND

UTOPIA COMPLEX ZION NATIONAL PARK IS VAST, BEAUTIFUL, AND COMPLICATED. + MAKING AN URBAN GREENWAY IN TEXAS + VISITOR REACTIONS TO MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. NATIONAL HISTORICAL PARK

+ PRESERVING SURF CULTURE IN HAWAI‘I

NATURE SUSTAINS US EVERY DAY Return the Favor: Become a Monthly Donor Trust for Public Land works to connect everyone to the benefits and joys of the outdoors. We collaborate with communities to create parks and protect public land where they are needed most.

Help support this important work with a recurring monthly gift. It’s easy, automatic, and secure.

START TODAY

tpl.org/monthly

A · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

bea crespo

c o n t en t s

jason flowers

42

50 Views from the Edge ............................................................................................ 28

“There’s one place that we all belong and that’s outside.” ~ TAY LO R TOY N ES , IN WHEN WINNING BECOMES C O N TAG I O U S, P G . 5 0

Explore TPL’s work securing pieces of Zion—plus the fauna and flora that call it home. j e n n y s at h n g a m

rebecca stumpf

F E AT U R E S

Where the Story Begins ................................................................................. 34 Get inspired by visitor testimonials from Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park in Atlanta.

Protecting the Peaks ........................................................................................... 42 Securing access to iconic mountain landscapes in Colorado and Maine.

When Winning Becomes Contagious ................................... 50 For communities in southern Dallas, outdoor investments have a tendency to spread.

Making Waves—and Defending Them .............................. 54 Keeping the gorgeous coastline of O‘ahu open to the public is one of TPL’s greatest achievements.

54 T P L .O R G · 1

GIVE GUIDE TRUST FOR PUBLIC LAND depends on your support. Our impactful work connecting everyone to the outdoors wouldn’t be possible without you.

Make a gift today. With a variety of ways to give, we offer something to suit every budget and personality. So, what’s your giving style?

You enjoy spending time outside on a regular basis and want to give a little back each month to ensure everyone has access to nature.

You’re ready to take your support of TPL to the next level—where it will help us make a deeper impact in communities everywhere.

You want to leave a meaningful legacy and share your love of nature with future generations.

You prefer giving annually and like the personal touch of writing a check. Drop your gift in a mailbox today.

Monthly Giving Support Trust for Public Land’s mission with convenient, automatic, and secure set-it-and-forget-it giving. Visit tpl.org/monthly, call 800.714.5263, or email donor.outreach@tpl.org to get started.

Conservation Champions Donate $2,000 or more annually and receive the recognition due a champion, such as invitations to special events and insider updates on our projects and conservation strategies.

Visit tpl.org/champions, call 415.495.4014, or email champions@tpl.org.

Planned Giving Consider including us in your will or estate plan, learn about the benefits of designating retirement funds to TPL, and explore other taxwise ways to give. Call 202.856.3748, email plannedgiving@tpl.org, or visit tpl.planmygift.org to learn more.

Mail Your Gift Use the handy envelope bound inside this magazine to send us your gift.

You’re feeling inspired and want to

Give Online

give quickly and easily—we’re talking

It’s simple, easy, and secure. Visit tpl.org/membership to make a gift of any amount today.

just a few taps on your phone.

MEET YOUR MATCH: The end of the year comes with perks. And we don’t mean confetti and champagne. All gifts* made before December 31, 2022, will be matched dollar for dollar. Make a gift today to double your money—and your commitment to connecting everyone to the outdoors. *Excludes planned gifts 2 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

DE PA R T M E N T S

cultivating hope.

jeremy beeton

Planting the seeds of change and

t e r r ay s y lv e s t e r

From the President · 11

c o n t en t s

23

Board Spotlight · 12 Get to know author and advocate Florence Williams.

Mailroom · 13 First Look · 15 Munching on mesquite, celebrating a little-known Black history site in Reserve—past and future.

Insight · 23 A conversation with a psychologist on the importance of outdoor play to children’s health and happiness.

Member Center · 62 Offices · 63

18

19

Trail’s End · 64 Humans and nature have a long and important relationship.

on t he cove r

Protecting access to Zion National Park has been a challenge, but persistence pays off, and visitors can now reach astounding views like this one. Read more on page 28.

Photo: Chris Hinkle

T P L .O R G · 3

h i s t o r i c a m e r i c a n b u i l d i n g s s u r v e y/ l i b r a r y o f c o n g r e s s

Kansas, and exploring Kashia Coastal

4 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

c o n t en t s

Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park Atlanta, Georgia Auburn Avenue—known colloquially as “Sweet Auburn”—is the birthplace of Martin Luther King Jr. and where he spent the first 12 years of his life. Trust for Public Land helped preserve the area’s architecture and character by purchasing several properties in the historic neighborhood. Today, visitors are able to experience the street as Dr. King would have remembered it, connecting them more deeply to his legacy.

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a lys s a p o in t er

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T P L .O R G · 5

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c o n t en t s

South Oak Cliff Renaissance Park Dallas, Texas South Oak Cliff Renaissance Park is exactly that—a revival. Community partners worked with TPL to turn what was once a dumping ground into a vibrant creekside park and outdoor learning space.

Part of our Five Mile Creek Urban Greenbelt, it’s conveniently located next to an area high school and educational nonprofit. It also has space to cut loose for a quick trot across the lawn!

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jaso n flower s

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T P L .O R G · 7

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c o n t en t s

Kawela Bay O‘ahu, Hawai‘i Gohawaii.com says, “If the perfect wave exists, you’ll find it on O‘ahu’s North Shore.” But TPL’s Kahuku Kawela Forever project preserved more than stellar surf spots: it preserved a way of life. Thanks to our efforts, a great deal of teamwork, and support from donors like you, locals can enjoy stand-up paddleboarding, picnicking, hiking, and good old-fashioned rope swings along 5 miles of coast that have been forever protected from development.

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jen n y s at h n g a m

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T P L .O R G · 9

Become a Conservation Champion and help Trust for Public Land connect even more people to nature. With your annual leadership-level contribution of $2,000 or more, you will receive invitations to special events and insider updates on our projects and conservation strategies.

Learn more about the impact you will have as a Conservation Champion. Contact us at 415.495.4014 or champions@tpl.org. tpl.org/champions | champions@tpl.org

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chris bennet t

Lead the Way

fro m t he pr es id en t

executive editor

I Ling Thompson publisher

Jennifer Ramsey editorial director

Deborah Williams managing editor

Amy McCullough s ta f f w r i t e r s

Lisa W. Foderaro Amy McCullough Deborah Williams designers

Rachel Andrade Miya Su Rowe Ben Whitesell media production manager

Elyse Leyenberger d i g i ta l p r o d u c e r

Jeremy Sammons

© 2022 Trust for Public Land.

All rights reserved. 10-Minute Walk, Community Schoolyards, Conserving Land for People, Conserving Nature Near You, Creating Parks and Protecting Land for People, Fitness Zone, Land for People, Land&People, LandVote, Northwoods Initiative, Our Land, Outside For All, Parks for People, Parks Unite Us, ParkScore, The Trust for Our Land, Trust for Public Land, TPL, and all other names and logos of Trust for Public Land programs referenced herein, as well as their logos, are registered or common-law trademarks of Trust for Public Land.

a breath of fresh air, the cooling shade of trees, a gravel trail crunching beneath your feet. The outdoors provides respite; it inspires, heals, and restores us. Our purpose—to protect public land and create parks where they’re needed most—is simply stated, but the work takes time, commitment, and deep collaboration among networks of experts and community leaders.

When we partner with communities to connect everyone to the joys and benefits of the outdoors, we are planting the seeds of hope.

In 2023, we will mark TPL’s 50th anniversary.

It will be a time to celebrate the hundreds of green schoolyards we’ve transformed around the country, the thousands of parks and trails we’ve created, the 3.9 million acres of land we’ve protected for public access, and the 9 million people who now have a quality park within a 10-minute walk of home. We will celebrate the 300 mayors who have committed to our 10-Minute Walk® goal and the elected leaders who have improved access to nature at federal, state, and local levels.

Equally important are the ways we are bridging divides through civic engagement around parks and public lands: citizens who, after helping design their neighborhood schoolyard, volunteer in local parks or register voters; communities that become stronger and more resilient thanks to outdoor gathering spaces; towns that revive their economies by creating new trails or community forests.

I was fortunate to see those outcomes on a recent visit to St. Paul’s Midway Peace Park, a TPL project in the heart of a diverse community of immigrants and refugees. The park was envisioned by local kids and adults, many of whom were previously cut off from green space by an interstate and light-rail line. A bustling communal gathering place, Midway Peace Park is now an area where residents and visitors can meet, play, and breathe fresh air. (Read more on pages 13 and 22.)

As we look ahead, we know 100 million people—including 28 million children—still lack a quality nearby park. Climate change grows more urgent. Too many communities have waited too long for funding or been left behind by

nichol as lea bruno

SOWING SEEDS, CULTIVATING HOPE

underinvestment, which has perpetuated social, environmental, and economic disparities.

We cannot wish away these tough realities.

Midway Peace Park is but one example of the potential for local heroes, supported by TPL and donors like you, to uplift our future by catalyzing hope.

In May, we launched our Community Partner Network of local organizations from around the country that are grappling with questions about environmental and public health (read more on page 21). Trust for Public Land is equipped with expertise and relationships to offer support, unlock funding, and elevate the power of communities with shovel-ready investments that help address long-standing inequities.

When we look back, we can see that success is possible. The question as we move forward: How do we scale our success to bring the benefits of public land to everyone?

We plant more seeds. We continue to build coalitions and green spaces that advance health, equity, and climate outcomes. We continue to activate hope everywhere we work. Thank you for continuing to be part of TPL and supporting our efforts. It is fitting that our recently refreshed brand and logo, which you’ll see throughout this issue, takes the shape of a shovel. If there’s one thing we know how to do, it is roll up our sleeves and dig in.

I hope you’ll join us.

Diane Regas president and ceo T P L .O R G · 11

Get to Know

boa r d s p ot lig h t

FLORENCE WILLIAMS is a journalist, author, and podcaster with a passion for the outdoors.

She is a contributing editor at Outside magazine and a freelance writer for the New York Times, New York Times Magazine, National Geographic, and numerous other publications. A fellow at the Center for Humans and Nature and a visiting scholar at George Washington University, Williams participated in her first TPL fundraiser as a guest speaker in 2019 and joined our National Board of Directors in 2021. Her work focuses on the environment, health, and science. She is the author of The Nature Fix: Why Nature Makes Us Happier, Healthier, and More Creative and, most recently, Heartbreak: A Personal and Scientific Journey.

ben rosser

Board of Directors

Florence Williams

chair

Lucas St. Clair Stephen W. Baird George Bell Luis Benitez Mickey Fearn Jody S. Gill F. Whitney Hatch Allegra “Happy” Haynes Ben Jealous Jennifer Jones Chris Knight Christopher G. Lea Joseph E. Lipscomb Ignacia S. Moreno Caroline P. Niemczyk Michael Parish David Poppe Thomas S. Reeve Diane Regas Jeffrey A. Resnick Laura Richards Lex Sant Sheryl Crockett Tishman F. Jerome Tone Taylor Toynes Keith E. Weaver Susan D. Whiting Florence Williams

What sets TPL apart from other environmental nonprofits? The “people” part of the TPL mission, front and center, is what makes this organization unique. It doesn’t take away from the importance of biodiversity and conservation, which I also care about, but it acknowledges that we live in reciprocity with nature, that we all have a right to access it and receive its benefits, and that without strong, connected, and compassionate communities we cannot have an effective and sustainable conservation ethic. Read more on the importance of considering people a part of nature on page 64.

What are you most proud of that you’ve seen TPL achieve since becoming involved? I get really excited about many of TPL’s projects, but perhaps none more so than the Community Schoolyards™ initiative. This aims to provide safe and green play spaces for millions of kids in underserved school districts, as well as neighboring communities. One example is the Alain Locke School in West Philadelphia. It will eventually provide 10-minute walk access to the park for 6,000 residents, half of whom live in poverty.

In your writing, you approach topics through a variety of lenses. What about TPL’s work appeals to you from a big-picture viewpoint?

I respect that the staff at TPL are thoughtful, forward thinking, and wildly effective. They are

12 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

interested in Black history, public health, park construction, and sophisticated financial deals.

There’s a recognition that the value of land reaches far beyond which plants and animals may take up residence there—that nature spaces are in fact central to our civic identities, our cultural values, our democracy itself.

Toward the beginning of the pandemic, you talked with TPL President Diane Regas about the importance of parks to personal health and community resilience. What are your thoughts now? These values are now stronger and more necessary than ever. Public health in this country has only grown more compromised in the last two years. Anxiety, depression, malaise, and loneliness have all deepened, especially among young people.

So, unfortunately, has a sense of division in our communities. At the same time, there’s growing recognition that green space is helpful for combating these ills, and that social inequities abound with environmental determinants to health. TPL’s mission is more urgent than ever before. The challenge will be continuing to get this message out, to build consensus when it comes to improving green space and access to it, and to capitalize on the momentum that currently exists. – A.M. le a r n m or e @ TPL.ORG/COMMUNIT Y-SCHOOLYARDS and TPL.ORG/NATURE-FIX

m a il ro o m

Peace Out

A Southwark in the Park

Check out this reaction to our

Readers celebrated the playground

previous issue’s cover story

transformation TPL facilitated

about Midway Peace Park in

at Southwark School in South

St. Paul, Minnesota, where the

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

community worked with TPL and the city to create a place to gather, play, and learn.

+ I love the colorful shelter—and the trees!

Mary Chicoine on Facebook

+ It’s so important for people in urban areas to have green

+ This is truly wonderful. I don’t

spaces for their health and

think we can underestimate the

well-being that results from

importance of play in a child’s day!!

connecting to nature.

Yvonne Norby on Facebook

Christine Freeland via LinkedIn

For more on the importance of play in childhood development, see page 23.

darcy kiefel

Read more on pages 11 and 22.

Lessons from the Past Our article about the Japanese American Exclusion Memorial on Washington’s Bainbridge Island got strong reactions.

+ I’ve been watching the internment camp stories on PBS . . . and now we're doing this again at the border. When will we learn that we are all human and treat each other like the gift of God we are?

Vera Lynn on Facebook

+ Years ago [I] took the ferry and walked to a nursery that had a family memorial. At that time there was a small museum telling the story.

Have never forgotten.

Martha Jewell on Facebook

+ Never forget Saila Verghese on Facebook T P L .O R G · 13

d o u g l a s s 18 p a r t n e r s / l i n c o l n p a r k z o o

Bird Is the Word An avian-themed mini-golf course in Chicago’s North Lawndale

S E E YO U O N L I N E , SOCIAL BUT TERFLIES

neighborhood brought the love on social media.

Join us on your favorite social media

+ What a great example of the power of collaboration! The course sounds like a lot of fun, which residents of North Lawndale need. Kudos to everyone involved!

channel(s) for nature pics, inspiring stories, giveaways, and news about how we’re connecting everyone to the outdoors.

+ What a fun way to get folks out and engaging in play.

Dave Lavender via LinkedIn

WE ARE LISTENING Letters to the editor or address changes can be directed to mailroom@tpl.org—and don’t forget to share your thoughts via our reader survey. Turn to page 16 or visit tpl.org/lp-survey.

14 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

lucy schaeffer

J.T. Morand via LinkedIn

When it comes to balancing climate-smart engineering with joy-bringing design, Atlanta’s Cook Park wins big—literally. Since its completion, the park has received 10 local and national awards, including a prestigious Grand Award from the American Council of Engineering

First Look

Companies. Its ability to capture up to 10 million gallons of stormwater runoff, significantly reducing flooding in nearby neighborhoods, is particularly brag-worthy. le a r n m or e @ TPL.ORG/COOK-PARK

T U R N T H E PAG E FO R : Cooking with Versatile, Edible Mesquite Nearly 700 Acres Returned to Native Stewardship

ale x jackson

Preserving Black History in Kansas

T P L .O R G · 15

ed ib l e outdoors

j e n n i f e r ya k e y - a u lt / i s t o c k

Shake, Rattle, and Eat Mesquite

saguaro national park , arizona

By Amy McCullough PICTURE THE DESERT. Along with sprawling

Public Land has protected over 2,230 acres of Saguaro National

earth-toned hills, barred plateaus, and stunning sunsets,

Park since 1993—including 326 acres around Rincon Creek,

chances are you also envision tall saguaro cacti and shrubby

the park’s only body of water. Mesquite has notably long

trees. Many of the latter are mesquite, and they provide a

taproots and can live on the desert’s minimal precipitation,

host of provisions for humans and animals.

but it also takes advantage of low-lying areas and thrives

Mesquite wood is used for smoking meats as well as

along creeks. This propensity for survival—not to mention

building and heating; its seeds can be ground into flour for

that fact that mesquite seeds are nutrient and protein rich—

baking, making tortillas, and thickening soups; its sweet

make it an important edible plant for Indigenous people of the

pods can be eaten when ripe; and its flowers yield nectar and

Southwest, such as the Tohono O’odham.

pollen that support a variety of pollinators (including bees,

In 2018, Saguaro National Park Superintendent Leah

which produce mesquite honey). And artisans use mesquite

McGinnis signed a first-of-its-kind agreement allowing the

wood and other plant matter to make furniture and crafts.

Tohono O’odham to gather plants for traditional purposes at

Native mesquite species thrive in extremely hot, dry

the park. As TPL Senior Land Protection Project Manager

climates like that of the Sonoran Desert, where Trust for

Michael Patrick points out, it was a model for agreements

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Service, two of which have followed (between the Cherokee and Great Smoky Mountains National Park in 2019 and Buffalo National River in 2022).

Mesquite beans, known as wihog in O’odham, join the ranks

superfoode volution.com

between Native American tribes and the National Park

of saguaro and prickly pear fruit, cholla buds, pinyon nuts, jojoba fruit, and acacia seeds, among others, on the list of native fruits that may be collected at the park. But Jeff Conn, Saguaro’s chief of science and natural resources, says mesquite isn’t typically harvested at the park, likely due to the tree’s ubiquity in the Southwest. Nonetheless, mesquite—like the park’s namesake cactus—is a culturally and historically important native species. And, as in so many of the places TPL works to protect, plants are a critical part of the story, made even more poignant when you can taste them.

In the park itself, mesquite trees grow along Rincon Creek; along with cottonwoods and willows, they provide important bird habitat. These stripes of vegetation in an otherwise sparse landscape are also movement corridors for peccaries, bobcats, mountain lions, mule deer, and other native species, providing cover along with food.

When asked to provide a recipe for human consumption, Barbara Rose of Tucson’s Desert Harvesters was quick to

Amy’s Apple Crisp FILLING: •

2 pounds apples, local organic heirlooms if possible

•

2 tablespoons orange or apple juice

suggest an apple crisp made with mesquite flour (see right).

TOPPING:

Desert Harvesters is a nonprofit that works to rewild urban

•

1 cup mesquite flour

and suburban places where Sonoran Desert food forests

•

1 cup rolled oats

once thrived; it’s also the publisher of Eat Mesquite and More:

•

1/4 cup amaranth seeds

A Cookbook for Sonoran Desert Foods and Living. The recipe’s

•

1/4 cup brown sugar

author, Amy Valdés Schwemm, says the crisp isn’t overly

•

1/4 cup chopped pecans (optional)

sweet and recommends serving it warm with ice cream or

•

1/4 teaspoon cinnamon, ground

•

1/4 teaspoon cardamom, ground

•

1/2 cup (1 stick) butter

•

2 tablespoons milk (or nondairy substitute)

trying it for breakfast with yogurt or kefir.

If you’re ready to try harvesting and eating mesquite yourself, make sure you have permission, and brush up on your plant identification skills; popular opinion says native mesquite pods are best for eating. Three types grow in the Sonoran Desert: honey, screwbean, and velvet mesquite.

Pods ripen in late spring to early summer, turning from green to tan or purple, and seeds become loose inside. Give one the shake test: if it rattles—or if pods are beginning to drop to the ground—they’re ripe for snacking.

For more on our work in national parks of the Southwest, turn to page 28. le a r n m or e @

TPL.ORG/SAGUARO and TPL.ORG/SAGUARO-FRUIT

Preheat oven to 375 degrees. Core and thinly slice the apples (no need to peel them). Place sliced apples in an 8-by-8-inch greased baking dish and sprinkle with juice. Bake for 15 minutes.

Meanwhile, combine all topping ingredients in a food processor and pulse until mixed and slightly moist. Add more liquid if necessary. Remove the apples from the oven, spread the topping over the apples, and return to the oven. Bake for 30 minutes more or until the apples are tender and the topping is browned. Makes six to nine servings.

Recipe contributed by Desert Harvesters and Amy Valdés Schwemm of Mano y Metate.

F I R S T L O O K · 17

l a n d l a nguag e

by t he n umb er s

150 YEARS the Kashia spent without access to the coast

688 ACRES of land returned to the tribe in 2015

1.1 MILES of California Coastal Trail to open on Kashia land

350 ACRES of redwood forest to be managed by the tribe and used as a demonstration forest

860

Kashia (or Kashaya)

KASHIA TRIBE MEMBERS who benefit from this land acquisition

(n.) /kə • ’shī • ə/

70+ TRIBES

The Kashia Band of Pomo Indians were the first people known to

have regained access to more than 200,000 acres with help from TPL

have lived in the area of California along the Pacific coast of Sonoma County. They are a federally recognized tribe whose name means “people from the top of the land.”

In 2015, Trust for Public Land helped the Kashia regain ownership of their ancestral land along the coast, establishing the Kashia Coastal Reserve. The reserve protects important cultural sites and provides a place for present and future generations of Kashia to connect with their heritage.

The California Coastal Trail–much of which is already open to the public—will eventually extend north from Salt Point State Park into the reserve, allowing public access to this stretch of coast for the first time.

It will also give the tribe an opportunity to share their culture through

le a r n m or e @ TPL.ORG/K ASHIA

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p h o t o s : t e r r ay s y lv e s t e r

site interpretation. – A.M.

Read more about the history of land management

by Indigenous people on page 64.

g o o d n e ws

nicodemus national historic site , k ansas

There’s No Place Like Nicodemus It’s likely you haven’t heard of Nicodemus, Kansas, but we’re working to fix that.

Founded in 1877, it’s the oldest and only—yes, only—remaining historic Black settlement west of the Mississippi River. And as Angela Bates, executive director of the Nicodemus Historical Society and a descendent of original settlers, puts it, “What the people who came out and settled there did was significant.”

Formerly enslaved African Americans, they made the difficult journey from Kentucky to Kansas in the years

h i s t o r i c a m e r i c a n b u i l d i n g s s u r v e y/ l i b r a r y o f c o n g r e s s

By Amy McCullough Trust for Public Land is helping to secure a location for this muchneeded addition, which will host more than 5,000 visitors a year and give the town back its community gathering place. Bates, who helps with tours, programming, and field trips in addition to her historical preservation work, is excited for the educational opportunities the new center will afford. “It’s a great triumph,” she says. “Nicodemus is an icon of the African American experience in the West.” As such, it deserves a place dedicated to telling its story that is separate from the historic buildings that comprise it.

following the Civil War. Once there, they built a free, safe,

Bates attributes the site’s progression to partnership and

and flourishing community. Bates, who grew up in California

collaboration: “Nothing happens in a vacuum. It takes the

but visited Nicodemus every summer for the annual

concerted effort of a lot of different entities and individuals

Emancipation/Homecoming Celebration, says her childhood

involved to make this happen,” she says. “I’m grateful that

friends were awestruck. “We have our own all-black town,”

TPL stepped up to the plate.”

she’d tell them. “They didn’t believe it,” she says, laughing.

Bates’s interest in Nicodemus began early. Both of her parents are from there, and she relocated to the nearby town

Today, just 2 percent of sites listed in the National Register of Historic Places focus on the experiences of Black Americans. This collective oversight deprives us of a full

of Bogue to be nearer family in 1989, making it her mission

understanding of our nation’s history, and it’s why TPL is

to tell the area’s story: “I have a passion,” she says. “This is

working to lift up the stories of places like Nicodemus. “We

my family. This is our history.”

are committed to communities and equity,” says Starr Woods,

Trust for Public Land helped preserve part of that history.

a TPL project associate, “and a very important piece of that

Shortly after the settlement was designated a National Historic

work is collaborating with sites that preserve and tell the

Site in 1996, we helped protect the African Methodist Episcopal

story of Black life in America.”

(AME) Church, one of the town’s five historic structures (see

“I’m glad there are organizations like TPL that can help

page 3). Built in 1885, the church was in disrepair. “It had a

facilitate this type of thing,” shares Bates. “I’m ecstatic. A new

gaping hole in one side,” says Bates, who turns 70 this year.

visitor center is going to breathe new life into [our] community.

It has since been restored and reopened in 2021.

More than anything, I am grateful to be part of this legacy.”

Next up is a new visitor center—a permanent place for guests to learn about Nicodemus’s history. The site’s Township Hall (pictured above) has been acting as a temporary, makeshift visitor center in the meantime, a reality Bates says “interferes with tradition,” since the historic building would typically be used for celebrations, dances, funerals, and the like.

Turn to page 34 to read inspiring visitor reactions to Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park, another site TPL helped preserve that tells the story of Black life in America. le a r n m or e @ TPL.ORG/NICODEMUS

F I R S T L O O K · 19

brooke br agger

mee t o u r sta ff

I particularly value how we prioritize investing in resident experts who would not ordinarily find themselves working in conservation, despite having so much to contribute.”

RONDA LEE CHAPMAN OUR EQUITY DIRECTOR ON INSPIRATION, ENGAGEMENT, AND THE FUTURE OF TPL’S DIVERSITY WORK.

By Lisa W. Foderaro

this field. Diversity, equity, and

opportunities, providing access to

inclusion (DEI) were not elevated as

training resources that advance their

How did you become interested in the environment and conservation?

functional principles of the

technical knowledge, or building new

environmental workplace in the late

relationships that strengthen their

’80s. Being TPL’s first equity director

capacity of leadership in their own

I’m a child of the 1970s and grew up in

has given me the opportunity to bring

communities, the equitable outcomes

the suburbs of Washington, DC. Back

all of my personal and professional

are evident. For more on community

then, we had big open spaces:

experiences into one place.

engagement and park building, see page 50.

the decade gap between my siblings

How is TPL moving the needle on equity in the outdoors and in communities where we are active?

and me. So nature became my

When I first came to the organization

playmate. I was a free-range kid.

in January 2021, I heard about how we were putting community at the center

Trust for Public Land was founded around the belief that everyone fundamentally needs nature, and we focused on those who lack access to it.

How are we working to close the outdoor equity gap now?

Can you talk about the career experiences that led you to becoming TPL’s first equity director?

of our work and focusing on closing the

This has always been our mission, and

park equity gap, and I just needed to see

we’ve made great progress and impact

for myself. I started with a mid-Atlantic

over the years. Sixty-nine percent of

tour to talk with communities directly.

our work directly supports Black,

Environmental justice and diversity

Then and now, our community

Hispanic, Asian, and other communities

have always been a part of it. My

partners continue to uplift the positive

of color. And we’ve made a deep

introduction to environmental work

impact our teams have had in their

commitment to equity in our strategic

was as a canvasser for Greenpeace in

own neighborhoods and surrounding

plan, including such advances as adding

DC. That was also my first exposure to

areas. Whether it’s about creating

an equity measure to our annual

what it meant to be a Black person in

pathways to federal funding

ParkScore® index—which allows us to

wetlands, horse farms, and all kinds of beautiful places to engage with the outdoors. Our house sat on 2 acres, and I was more or less an only child given

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make informed decisions about where

themselves reflected among staff, and

with TPL. I particularly value how we

to add parks. Now we’re implementing

for our national and advisory boards to

prioritize investing in resident experts

even more programs to continue

also reflect that. By being inclusive in

who would not ordinarily find them-

strengthening our capabilities, like

this way, we are sending the message to

selves working in conservation, despite

investing in resident experts who are

our community partners that we

having so much to contribute.

leading local work, engaging the next

understand their perspectives and can

generation of land protection

connect with their needs. It’s a

coleading called the Community

professionals, and furthering our Black

foundational element of how we build

Partner Network, a peer-to-peer

History and Culture program that is

trust. Feeling safe and experiencing a

leadership and learning community.

helping preserve sites and public spaces

sense of belonging—not only your

While it’s fairly new, we have already

that tell the story of Black life in

physical safety, but your emotional and

witnessed the ways in which our

America. Also see pages 19 and 34.

intellectual safety as well—is imperative

partners become energized when they

for the positive outcomes of our work. At

meet their peers across the country,

TPL, we take our partnerships seriously,

learn what strategies other leaders are

and that means we honor the trust,

deploying, and experience comradery.

How is TPL making progress toward becoming more inclusive, diverse, and forward thinking?

collaboration, and responsiveness that result from diverse representation.

We have been mindful of our efforts

I am also excited about an effort I’m

What makes this network different is that it’s intimately linked to frontline park and green space advocates and leaders. Beyond providing financial

inclusion in the work we do with

What TPL projects do you think best highlight our equity work?

communities for a while. And it’s

I am very drawn to our Community

that can fill gaps they might have. The

something that our senior leadership—

Outreach and Resident Expert (CORE)

result is that we’re bringing community

President and CEO Diane Regas, in

program in Colorado, which brings the

leaders who have long operated in very

particular—was passionate about

community in, amplifies their vision,

localized circles—with great success—

continuing to invest in. Take my role,

and then provides funds directly to

into the national realm, giving them an

for instance; a staff person dedicated

resident experts so those visions can be

opportunity to share what they’ve

to driving our equity work forward is a

sustained over time. Resident leaders

learned and learn from others. It feels

big step. We just finalized our DEI

participate in a fully funded two-year

like a fundamental, important shift for

Action Plan, which I’m very excited

conservation leadership opportunity

all of us.

regarding diversity, equity, and

resources, we bring technical assistance

collaborating with our human resources team as well as establishing a steering committee and working groups to implement the plan. It won’t be an idea that sits on a shelf. It will

scape l andscape architecture

about; it is quite robust. I am

have measurable outcomes, transparency, and accountability.

Why is it critical that our staff and board resemble the communities where we are engaged?

When we’re talking about putting community at the center, it’s important for us to be representative of the places where we work. That includes the need for community members to see

Community members provide input at an engagement event for our Chattahoochee RiverLands project in Atlanta, Georgia.

FIRST LOOK · 21

u . s . d e pa r t m e n t o f t h e i n t e r i o r

buz z wo r t h y

“Nature is essential to the health, well-being, and prosperity of every family and every community in America, but not everyone has the same access to nature. We are committed to ensuring that everyone, no matter where they are from, can enjoy the benefits of nature.”

— U.S. Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland, speaking at Midway Peace Park in St. Paul, Minnesota, in May 2022 Trust for Public Land President and CEO Diane Regas and several members of the TPL family joined Secretary Haaland in championing the Outdoor Recreation Legacy Partnership (ORLP) and the importance of equitable access to parks. Launched in 2014, due in large part to TPL’s advocacy, ORLP is a federal program directed at increasing the number of parks in urban and low-income communities. Funding from ORLP was instrumental in the creation of Midway Peace Park, and three more TPL projects—in New Jersey, Maine, and California—were awarded ORLP funding in the latest round of recipients, ensuring parks will be created where communities need them most. – A.M.

t p l s ta f f a n d a l e x j a c k s o n

le a r n m or e @ TPL.ORG/MIDWAY-PEACE-PARK

From Asphalt to Extraordinary A LE X JACKSON

We know that access to the outdoors is essential for healthy, happy people and communities.

But today, 100 million people in America—including 28 million kids—don’t have a park close to home.

Our Community Schoolyards™ projects are helping close this gap, one neighborhood at a time. We’ve worked alongside communities across the country to transform more than 260 public schoolyards into great public parks—full of trees, shade, and places to learn, exercise, and play. Plus, they stay open to neighbors after school, on weekends, and over the summer.

If every public schoolyard in America functioned as a shared outdoor space, 20 million more people would have access to a close-to-home park.

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tpl.org/community-schoolyards

jeremy beeton

in s ig h t

Safe to Play in San Francisco’s Tenderloin PSYCHOLOGIST AND AUTHOR DR. PETER GRAY ON THE VALUE OF PLAY— AND THE SPACE TO DO IT.

By Deborah Williams

MORE THAN 4,000 KIDS LIVE IN SAN FRANCISCO’S TENDERLOIN, a diverse, low-income neighborhood with a high homeless population. In fact, it has the highest population density of any area in the city and the most children per capita. And its open spaces are often underutilized or unknown—or don’t meet the needs of residents.

A model of TPL’s community-led approach, Father Alfred E. Boeddeker Park—once ranked the city’s worst playground—has become a point of pride for Tenderloin residents since its redesign and reopening in 2014. And it has given the neighborhood’s children, many of whom have minimal space at home, let alone a lawn or yard, something invaluable: a safe place to play.

T P L .O R G · 2 3

We spoke with Dr. Peter Gray, psychologist and author of

they have decided to do, as opposed to what they feel coerced

Free to Learn: W hy Unleashing the Instinct to Play Will Make Our

to do, they do it with much more joy, and they do it better.

Children Happier, More Self-Reliant, and Better Students for Life,

[When] you let students pursue their own interests . . . they

about why community play and room to explore outdoors are

learn really deeply. They don’t all learn the same things,

so critical to healthy childhood development.

of course not, because they’re interested in different things.

But in a world where there’s so much to know, why would

As a psychologist, can you begin by talking about the mechanisms and functions of play?

Play is how children learn to take control of their own lives,

we want everyone to learn the same thing?

And the same is true for play?

to make decisions, to negotiate with their peers without

Yes. Play should be self chosen and self directed. One of the

some authority figure stepping in to solve problems. It’s

big difficulties today is that children rarely get away from

also how children make friends and learn to get along

adults, and adults seem not to be able to refrain from telling

with one another.

children what they can and cannot do. Children are not able to simply play freely.

Tell us about self-determination theory.

One of the offshoots of self-determination theory is the idea that there are certain basic psychological needs—

It’s based in a large realm of research that initially focused on

autonomy, competence, and relatedness—that are almost as

the idea and the evidence that when people are doing what

important as the physical needs of food, water, and oxygen.

Open play spaces are crucial to healthy mental and physical development in children; Boeddeker Park in San Francisco’s Tenderloin provides exactly that.

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free will. Competence is the sense that I am able to do the things I want to do. And if I’m not able now, I’m capable of

jer em y bee ton

Autonomy is the sense of volition—the ability to act out of

learning how to do them. As we’ve taken play and other self-determined abilities away from children, what we see is an incredible rise in anxiety, depression, suicidal thoughts, [and] actual suicides, which are now eight times higher than when I was a kid in the ’50s.

What advice would you give community planners to ensure that they are thinking and investing holistically in play so children are empowered to develop their self-determination and so parents can release their grip and their anxieties about free-ranging their kids?

There’s a book by Mike Lanza called Playborhood. In it, Lanza describes six or seven very different communities where the people themselves figured out a way for their children to

jer em y bee ton

play freely. One of those was a housing project, I think in the Bronx, where the parents quite legitimately were afraid to let the kids out to play because of crime and drug pushers and traffic. At the initiative of probably one parent who got other parents involved, they got the city to close off the street at certain hours after school and on weekends, so that did away with the traffic. They got grandmothers—who have a certain authority—to sit out there to drive the drug pushers away.

They created a time when it was safe to play.

There’s another lesson there: if you’re going to go into a neighborhood and make a playground, you want to let the community plan it. Bring the kids and adults to the table.

What do they want?

Play is how children learn to take control of their own lives . . . without some authority figure stepping in to solve problems.”

Why is it important that play spaces honor and fit into a community’s narrative?

– D R . P E T E R G R AY

It’s important that the community feel invested in it and that

some critical number of kids there. The most important

it’s theirs. When the community wants it to work because

element to encourage play is other kids who are in control

they’ve created it out of their own self-determination, they

of themselves and their play.

have ownership in managing it and ensuring its success.

They’ll use it and take care of it.

I would love every neighborhood in the country to have a play committee made up of adults and kids, where they’re in

Since reopening Boeddeker Park, TPL has also celebrated the opening of Sergeant John Macaulay Park and Turk-Hyde Mini Park in the Tenderloin, among other projects in the area.

touch with people [and] hold regular meetings to ask what they can do in the neighborhood to facilitate play and to make it safe. We have to find a way that parents feel safe and involved, and we have to find a way that there’s going to be

le a r n m or e @

TPL.ORG/BOEDDEKER-PARK TPL.ORG/ TENDERLOIN-PARKS and TPL.ORG/COMMUNIT Y

T P L .O R G · 2 5

TRUST FOR PUBLIC LAND would like to thank our corporate partners for their support.

We could not achieve our commitments to climate, equity, community, and health without their generous financial contributions to our mission and our work. Thank you for helping us connect everyone to the outdoors.

For helping transform playgrounds in Atlanta, Georgia, into exceptional parks through their support of our Community Schoolyards™ program. These schoolyards provide opportunities for improved health and wellness to students and neighbors in the community—plus stronger climate resilience for their cities.

For their longtime support of TPL and, specifically, our 10-Minute Walk® vision; L.L.Bean created the Outdoor Access Award to fund projects that increase access to the outdoors and enable environmental stewardship across the nation, which is helping us achieve our goal to put a quality park within a 10-minute walk of everyone’s home.

For supporting our Community Schoolyards™ program, which transforms asphalt-heavy playgrounds into high-quality parks that serve schools as well as their communities. Macy’s raised nearly $1.5 million by inviting customers to round up purchases during April in support of this program.

For their support of Community Schoolyards™ projects in New York City and green alley revitalization in Los Angeles, as well as contributions to our Park Bench Chat virtual events, where panelists discuss everything from inclusion in the outdoors and Black history to using green space to fight climate change.

For investing in environmental health and equitable access to urban parks—from the Chattahoochee RiverLands and Community Schoolyards™ projects in Atlanta, Georgia, to a greenway on the south side of Chattanooga, Tennessee, to Community Schoolyards™ projects in New York, New York.

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For their help enhancing ‘A‘ala

For supporting the Chattahoochee

For their support of our Chattahoochee

Park so it can become a thriving

RiverLands, an epic riverside

RiverLands, a 100-mile greenway trail

green space in the heart of a

greenway that is helping connect

with parks and blueway access along

densely populated and underserved

everyone in the Atlanta metro area to

the Chattahoochee River through

community in Honolulu, Hawai‘i.

the outdoors.

metro Atlanta.

For their support of our Boston Parks

For their support of Community

For supporting Community

for People program, which strengthens

Schoolyards projects in Los Angeles,

Schoolyards™ projects in New York

health, equity, and climate resilience in

California, where we are increasing

City and New Jersey that promote

™

Boston through community-informed

community health and resilience

student health and learning and

parks and green spaces.

through access to vital green space.

increase park equity for neighbors.

For supporting natural climate For their support of Downeast Lakes

solutions with innovative technology

Community Forest in Maine, which

that guides strategic landscape

conserves precious forest while

conservation and urban greening

providing recreation and supporting

to mitigate climate change and its

local economies.

effects on people.

For their support of our Black History and Culture initiative, which works to tell the story of and preserve sites relevant to the Black For their support of TPL’s Sierra

experience in America.

Nevada land conservation program

For their support of TPL that helps

and its director, whose leadership

bring nature and outdoor experiences

drives TPL’s efforts across the region.

to communities across the U.S. T P L .O R G · 2 7

Views from the Edge Protecting America’s Zion—and perspectives you won’t find anywhere else.

By Susan J. Tweit

The erosive power of the Virgin River, which is responsible for Zion’s dramatic landscape, stems from its tremendous drop—it tumbles 80 feet per mile in places—combined with the grinding slurry of sediment carried in flash floods.

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mike schirf

What is now Zion National Park was named for the biblical city of David by Mormon settlers in the 1860s, a tribute to the awe-inspiring landscape. This spectacular collection of massive sandstone canyons and cliffs topped by templelike domes and buttes also reflects the connotations of the word zion: highest point, holy place, utopia, refuge. The park’s vertiginous topography, carved from 2,000-footthick layers of Navajo sandstone by the Virgin River, has provided a refuge in the desert for humans as far back as 9,000 BCE and shelters Utah’s greatest diversity of wild plants and animals.

Today, this protected land is threatened: Zion National Park’s 229 square miles of plateaus, domes, and canyons host 5 million visitors a year, more than either Yellowstone or the Grand Canyon—it is the second most visited national park in the U.S. Its very popularity makes Zion vulnerable to development from inside and outside park boundaries, not to mention complicating access to its iconic trails.

To grasp why Zion is vulnerable we must understand its unique history. Utah’s oldest national park was originally established as Mukuntuweap National Monument by President Taft in 1909 (the name is thought to be Paiute for “straight canyon”). In 1919, Congress enlarged the national monument and renamed it Zion National Park. In 1956, the neighboring Zion National Monument was appended to it, enlarging the park yet again. That redrawing of boundaries created a national park with an unusually high number of inholdings, chunks of private land islanded within the official boundaries, including more than 30 private parcels totaling nearly 3,500 acres.

As southern Utah’s population has exploded, both inholdings and private land around the park have become valuable. St. George, the largest nearby town, was home to around 5,000 people in the 1950s; its population is over 95,000 today. That growth, plus an uptick in visitors, has created conflicts with access to the park from outside and development from inside.

This is where Trust for Public Land comes in, using its real estate savvy and oldfashioned persistence to help keep this very special national park intact biologically and accessible to millions of visitors. It does so by purchasing inholdings within park boundaries and conserving land adjacent to the park to enhance public access and limit incompatible development.

The process involves patience and persistence, developing relationships with landowners, cultivating trust, working with willing sellers, engaging in due diligence— including environmental surveys—to make sure each property is free of environmental issues, and having funding available for the purchase and transfer of land.

The payoff: TPL’s work is critical to keeping Zion accessible to visitors and maintaining healthy and unfragmented ecosystems, says Cassity Bromley, the park’s head of resource management and research. “Animals don’t recognize boundaries,” she adds.

“The key thing for me is having a partner we can work with when opportunities come up. I love knowing that there are people who care about Zion enough to put up a lot of resources to protect it.” In other words, people (and organizations) who are helping keep Zion the refuge it has always been—for humans and its unique wildlife and plants.

Turn the page to glimpse some of Zion’s most spectacular and iconic places.

T P L .O R G · 2 9

The Narrows: Securing public access to the

Trust for Public Land began working on securing access to

Zion Narrows Trail may be TPL’s most dramatic project. “The

this iconic trail more than a decade ago, first negotiating with

Narrows Trail is one of the top ten trails in the country,” says

Chamberlain Ranch for access to the trailhead, then with

Greg Hiner, Colorado and Southwest director of land protection

another landowner in Simon Gulch, where the canyon (and

at TPL. “It’s on people's bucket lists.” The 16-mile-long walk-

the trail) winds from public to private land and back again.

wade route threads the upper canyon of the Virgin River, a

Success took years and persistence. “The project died, came

winding slot canyon where shadowy sandstone walls narrow to

back, died, and finally came together,” says Hiner. Trust for

a few arm spans apart in places, yet rise to over 2,600 feet high.

Public Land also secured access in Orderville Gulch, a side

But there’s a hitch: the canyon and the trail both begin outside

route into the Narrows. “It’s the greatest feeling when you

the park; to get to them, you have to cross private land whose

secure keystone pieces like these,” Hiner says.

owners could have legally closed off trail access at any time.

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mike schirf chris hinkle

Tabernacle Dome: Named for its resemblance to a massive temple dome, Tabernacle Dome rises from the plateau above the canyon of Left Fork, a tributary of the Virgin River. Trust for Public Land acquired two inholdings at the base of this iconic landmark, with a spectacular view of the park’s backcountry; another nearby inholding now holds a mega-mansion. “A small inholding that is developed can have outsized impacts on the surrounding area in terms of increased traffic and infrastructure development, fragmenting the habitat,” notes Bromley.

Lamb’s Knoll: Trust for Public Land recently acquired a 50-acre, roughly triangular inholding that borders the park boundary along Kolob Terrace Road at the base of Lamb’s Knoll, a sandstone butte eroded into slots and hoodoos that is popular with rock climbers. Protecting this property ensures development will not obscure this entrance to the

chris hinkle

park’s backcountry.

T P L .O R G · 3 1

Critters and Flora That Call Zion Home Ranging in elevation from 3,000 feet at its southern edge to over 8,000 feet on the highest domes—more than a vertical mile—

t w i l d l i f e /i s to c k

l u c a s t e w a r t/i s t o c k

d av i d h e r a s i m t s c h u k / f r e s h w at e r s i l l u s t r at e d

Zion National Park spans a huge range of habitats and, thus, hosts uniquely diverse flora and fauna.

California Condors

Native Fish

Mexican Spotted Owl

North America’s largest and one of our

The Virgin River is unique among desert

With impressive 4-foot wingspans,

rarest birds, California condors are soar-

rivers: it retains healthy populations of

Mexican spotted owls are one of North

ing scavengers with 9-foot wingspans.

its native fish species, in part because

America’s largest owl species. These

A condor nest on a cliff in Zion Canyon

the river’s flows—which can oscillate

secretive birds nest or roost in tight

has produced two chicks in the past

from low and clear to torrential flash

canyons and hunt nocturnally, cruising

three years. The best place to see them

floods in mere hours—are not altered by

plateau forests for small mammals.

is around Big Bend. Peregrine falcons

main-stem dams. All four native fish are

Bromley says TPL projects have helped

also nest on cliffs in Zion; the park

superbly adapted to the river’s fluctuat-

preserve habitat corridors for these

closes cliffs with nests to climbers until

ing conditions. They include endemic

rare owls.

the young birds are fledged.

Virgin spinedace, speckled dace, desert suckers, and flannelmouth suckers

va l l a r i e e / i s t o c k

n at u r e s t h u m b p r i n t / i s t o c k

j e f f g o u l d e n /i s to c k

(pictured above).

Bighorn Sheep

Fremont Cottonwood

Claret Cup Cactus

Zion’s herd of about 450 bighorns graze

Fremont cottonwoods shade the Virgin

These clump-forming, long-lived cacti

their way uphill in spring, following

River in Zion Canyon, along with box elder

grow at the lowest elevations in the

the emergence of new green grasses.

and single-leaf ash trees. This rustling forest

park, storing water in special reservoir

They are easiest to spot, says Bromley,

is a refuge for most desert wildlife at some

cells in their stems. Their brilliant scar-

from the exit of the tunnel on the Zion–

point in their lives, from endangered south-

let flowers open in April, offering nectar

Mount Carmel Highway to the East

western willow flycatchers—small song-

to fuel spring-migrating hummingbirds’

Entrance, or in Zion Canyon in fall.

birds that nest in willows and forage for

journeys and pollen to feed native bees

insects—to mule deer and canyon tree frogs.

and beetles.

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Firepit Knoll: Firepit Knoll, a rare volcanic feature in Zion, is a cinder cone inside the Zion Wilderness.

With support from partners including the National Park Founj ay s t u r n e r

dation, TPL acquired a 35-acre inholding bordering both the knoll and the wilderness boundary, in an area clearly visible

chris hinkle

from the popular Hop Valley Trail.

Zion Snail Pinhead- to pea-sized, Zion snails epitomize living local: they are found only in a several-mile stretch of Zion Canyon where water percolating through joints in the porous sandstone emerges on canyon walls to create miniature oases, sprouting ferns and mosses, monkeyflowers, columbines, shooting stars, and other water-dependent plants. Zion snails have a powerful, enlarged “foot” that allows them to cling to their vertical

r e d h u m v/i s to c k

habitat as they nibble algae on wet rocks.

Sego Lily Sego lilies “hide” underground as bulbs most of the year; in spring their graceful tulip-like flowers open atop slender stalks throughout the park’s sagebrush

Susan J. Tweit is an award-winning writer and plant ecolo-

country. Sego lilies vanish again as the

gist. Her 13 books include the award-winning memoir Bless

soil dries out, leaving three-parted seed

the Birds: Living with Love in a Time of Dying, hailed by

pods that rattle in the wind.

reviewers as “courageous” and “heart-opening.” She lives in and writes from the sagebrush sea in the American West.

T P L .O R G · 3 3

Where the Story Begins Appreciating MLK’s legacy starts with understanding

says Dusenbury. “And it was really important that we were able to tell the story of Dr. King to the world. We were having the world coming to our doorstep. It was Atlanta’s moment to shine. And we had this old, outdated visitor center.”

Where the visitor center and parking lot now stand used to be a pen factory, owned by a conglomerate in Japan. The land was sold to Trust for Public Land and later the National Park Service. Annually, more than a million visitors trek to the national park and the nearby King Center, where Coretta and

his origin. That’s why we

Martin have been laid to eternal rest over a reflection pool. The

preserved the neighbor-

work to preserve and interpret the area is a commitment to

hood that raised him.

honoring history—and to elevating hope for an equitable future for African Americans, a dream Dr. King so often expressed.

Judy Forte, the park’s superintendent for the past 16 years,

By Nneka M. Okona Photos by Alyssa Pointer Atlanta’s reputation as a haven for Black people in the South and Martin Luther King Jr.’s legacy are closely tied.

The same streets where he grew up and later raised his own family, along Auburn Avenue—known colloquially as “Sweet Auburn”—is a local African American stronghold. It’s also the site of Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park.

heartily believes in the mission both present and past. “I consistently hear how much this park has inspired visitors to not give up and [to] find a deeper meaning of love and peace,” she says. “It is important for everyone who visits to understand the journey of liberty and justice, together with forces that barred or opened the ways for our ancestors. The opportunity to visit the actual locations where a historically significant event took place allows visitors to reflect, be inspired, and to remember the struggle for civil rights and freedom in America.”

Protected in partnership with Trust for Public Land, the park includes a visitor center, a rose garden, historic Ebenezer Baptist Church where Dr. King often gave sermons and other speeches,

In Their Own Words

a fire station, King’s birth home, and a monument that his wife,

In the vignettes to follow, those walking the streets surround-

Coretta, unveiled in 1990 in tribute to her late husband.

ing Martin Luther King, Jr. National Historical Park in Atlanta’s

Georgia State Director George Dusenbury has been with TPL

Old Fourth Ward neighborhood shared their insights. We

for almost a decade. In that time, he’s steered the organiza-

found them milling around after touring the family home or

tion’s overarching dedication to preserving and maintaining

leaving the visitor center, experiencing the interactive exhib-

sites that illustrate King’s work, voice, and vision. Trust for

its as a grounding for what else they would learn.

Public Land’s work at the property, however, goes much further back, before Dusenbury’s tutelage.

Hailing from all over the country (and in some cases the world), these visitors journeyed to Atlanta for different

Beginning in the early 1980s, Trust for Public Land pur-

reasons. All had in common one prevailing thing: a thirst for

chased five row homes situated along Auburn Avenue. The

knowledge and to understand more deeply the life Martin

houses were across from the family home where King spent

Luther King Jr. lived and what lessons he left behind.

the first 12 years of his life, the same house where park rangers lead guided tours today. Later, in 2008, TPL secured one

We study the history of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.,

of the last properties in the historic district—an important

but to actually see these sites and be here? It makes me

step in preserving the neighborhood as Dr. King would have

feel closer to him as an African American woman. Because

remembered it.

if he had not done what he did, we would still be sitting

According to Dusenbury, the mid-’90s marked a pivotal

on the back of the bus. There would still be Jim Crow laws.

tipping point. It was then that plans to solidify a brand-new

It’s different being in the South—in the North we have our

visitor center were first discussed. At the time, he was work-

prejudices and racism, too. [They] are just not as evident. To

ing for the late Congressman John Lewis. “The Olympics were

know that he stood for something without seeing it come to

coming to town, and the current visitor center did not exist,”

fruition? We’re still a part of that.”

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– Renee Haynie | Bronx, New York

T P L .O R G · 3 5

I learned a lot of things when I visited the house of MLK. I’m coming from France, from far away. And usually when they are talking about the civil rights movement in France, when they mention MLK, they can’t explain everything, and you leave those conversations confused. This was an opportunity to discover the real atmosphere. I learned about his family, his struggles, and all the things that happened during segregation. I feel really proud—it was exciting to learn about the Black community here in Atlanta.”

– Lionel Naude | Paris, France

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It was amazing to go in the center and reflect

I hope they continue to restore and preserve this

on his life and the lives of others who really wanted to

neighborhood because it is truly such an emotional and

see justice in the world. And to also see the hope that

impactful part of this country’s history. When you’re in the

generations will carry that on. It was stunning and beautiful—

center of it, it’s so much more impactful than watching it on

something I’ll remember for the rest of my life and return to.”

TV or learning about it in school.”

– Kathryn Smyth | Phoenix, Arizona

– Colton Joralmon | Phoenix, Arizona

T P L .O R G · 3 7

It was inspirational to see and to get a

We were interested in the history of the civil rights

feel of what took place here. I think that everyone

movement, since in Atlanta there was a lot that happened.

should experience it.”

It’s more the personal impact and hearing the individual

– Jevaris Evans | Fort Lauderdale, Florida

stories of people who are here. We were in high school in the ’60s, and we didn’t learn the right stuff. It’s just so impactful.

Somehow, we want everyone to know and learn about this.”

– Susan & Paul Dragsten | Minneapolis, Minnesota

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Being here definitely humanized Martin Luther

Being able to see a glimpse of [King’s]

King Jr. for me. I knew very little about him other than the

personhood—who he was as a person—outside of what

great things he’s done. But to be able to walk down the actual

we learned in school drove home the more challenging

streets that he grew up on as a child and [see] the house he

parts of his story. Seeing him as a real person and . . . not

grew up in was very touching. I was moved by that. I think

only a figure. For instance, the fact that he was a pacifist and

everyone should come here.”

had such a violent ending seems absurdly unfair.”

– Frank Evan Hawn | Houston, Texas

– Maryhelen Murray | Houston, Texas

T P L .O R G · 3 9

I wanted to come here because when you think of

I live in Virginia, and in Virginia all the streets are

Atlanta, that’s one of the things you think about: it being

named after Confederate soldiers. Being here and seeing

the birthplace of Martin Luther King Jr. Him as a person

all these Black names? I never took it in until this trip. The

and being able to actually see where he was born and where

history of Atlanta is inspiring. It feels good to see Blackness

he lived. That’s the reason I wanted to come here.”

reflected.”

– Dorian Williams | Richmond, Virginia

– Jennifer Brown | Richmond, Virginia

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Coming to this site was incredibly moving. It’s a reminder not just of history but of how far we still have to go: that there still is tremendous inequality in America, that there are people who don’t believe there is or think we should ignore it. And it’s a reminder to me that we have so much farther to go until we can truly say we shall overcome.

We need to tell our children, our grandchildren, our family and We just finished up at the visitor center, and it was definitely one of the most moving museums I’ve been to

friends, about what Martin did and what we still need to do.”

– David Biderman | Alexandria, Virginia

in my life. I was born in 1963, which is a year where a lot of big things happened. And it really resonates with me that a lot of this took place during my lifetime. When I was young, my parents used to talk to me about the Freedom Riders and everything that was going on. So, it’s vivid not only in my head as history but as memory. This day has been incredible. And it’s not something I realized would be so poignant when I arrived.”

– Donna Biderman | Alexandria, Virginia

Nneka M. Okona writes about travel, food, books, and wellness. She is the author of Self-Care for Grief and The Little Book of Self-Healing. A budding tarot enthusiast and lover of hours-long cooking projects, Nneka recently relocated from Atlanta to Fort Worth, Texas.

T P L .O R G · 41

Protecting

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the Peaks

A pair of mountain landscapes forever preserved in Colorado and Maine.

By Lisa W. Foderaro Illustrations by Bea Crespo

T P L .O R G · 4 3

More than 2,000 miles separate two iconic mountain landscapes that Trust for Public Land recently protected, and in many ways, the properties could not be more different. Fishers Peak—in Trinidad, Colorado, on the New Mexico border—was long a private game-hunting reserve, rising above an old mining town in the arid Southwest. With rocky ledges and stands of pinyon, it teems with elk, mule deer, and mountain lions. On the other side of the country, deep in the dense forests of Central Maine, Moxie Bald Mountain lies far from any human habitation, surrounded by timberland and sparkling lakes that draw moose, Canada lynx, and bobcats.

But in other important respects, the mountains bear striking similarities. Both were beloved by local residents who for decades had sought their protection. Both were privately owned yet accessible to the public—though that access ranged from minimal and tricky, in the case of Fishers Peak, to broad and effortless, in the case of Moxie Bald Mountain. Finally, the two mountains are now forever protected: rewarding adventurers with spectacular views from their respective summits, connecting to adjacent conservation lands, preventing development, and guaranteeing access in perpetuity.

Protected access is crucial. Even though hikers could cross through the properties, there was no assurance that a future owner would have the same laissez-faire attitude. Often, such informal access vanishes when a property changes hands and a new owner no longer wishes to share it. Fishers Peak itself was hit or miss: “The former owner did allow access to climb the peak on occasion, but she was kind of fickle,” explains Tim Crisler, an ardent hiker who helped found the Facebook group Trinidad Trails, with more than 2,000 members. “It wasn’t difficult to get permission, but it wasn’t easy. You always had to sign a waiver.”

Here’s a look at how conservation of the two mountains unfolded, with help from local partners, government agencies, and a bit of luck.

Fishers Peak Rising some 3,000 feet over the city, Fishers Peak has always loomed large for Trinidad, a city of over 8,000 people. It would be an understatement, in fact, to say the distinctive flat-topped peak is the city’s symbol, given that it figures in business logos and artists’ renderings. But until its protection, only the most determined outdoors people, such as Crisler, 4 4 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

T P L .O R G · 4 5

and down again. And there are places on it that are scary, that are exposed.”

The overall sentiment is absolute ecstasy—like, ‘Oh my god, this finally happened in our lifetime and now it’s open to the public.’”

– TIM CRISLER

But the payoff is considerable: “Once you get up there, the top is just a big, open, flat area, and in the springtime and summer, it’s covered with wildflowers,” says Crisler, referring to the signature mesa on the summit. “And there’s an amazing view. To the north and northwest, you see all the way to Pikes Peak and the Spanish Peaks; to the west, the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, and, to the south, Raton Mesa.”

Purchase of the property had something of a multiplier effect for conservation in the Mountain West region. Two

had ever made the ascent, which tops out at 9,633 feet above sea level.

Wade Shelton, a senior project manager with Trust for Public Land, started to explore protecting Fishers Peak nearly a decade ago. Conservation of the mountain, which is a three-hour drive from Denver, was running into resistance.

“When I first started looking at the property in 2014, there was no way for the state of Colorado to buy more land for state parks,” Shelton says. “So originally, we were going to transfer it to Trinidad.”

But after Trust for Public Land partnered with The Nature Conservancy to acquire the enormous property, containing 19,200 acres (or 30 square miles), politics shifted and the impossible suddenly seemed possible. “Once we bought and held it with The Nature Conservancy, the logic of it becoming a state park became very evident,” Shelton adds, “and the governor agreed.”

In early 2020, the land was conveyed to Colorado Parks and Wildlife; that fall, Fishers Peak State Park opened to the public, albeit with a limited trail network. Work is now underway to extend those trails. Despite the fact that the former reserve had 60 miles of roads for big-game hunting, most were not suitable for hiking trails and are being restored to their natural state.

Crisler says that even though the state park remains a work in progress, the feeling among hikers and recreationists is one of overwhelming relief. “This is a huge thing for people here,” he notes. “The overall sentiment is absolute ecstasy—like, ‘Oh my god, this finally happened in our lifetime and now it’s open to the public.’ I can’t wait to be able to take my friends from Denver on a hike up there.”

A resident of Trinidad for 22 years, Crisler has climbed all 55 peaks in the state of Colorado that exceed 14,000 feet. Of Fishers Peak, he says: “It’s not an easy climb. This mountain takes a long full day of hiking, from the bottom to the top 4 6 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

protected properties—the Lake Dorothey and James M. John State Wildlife Areas—extend along the eastern edge of Fishers Peak State Park in Colorado. Immediately to its south, in New Mexico, is Sugarite Canyon State Park. “When you add those properties to Fishers Peak, then it’s 50 square miles of protected land,” Shelton points out.

Trinidad’s mayor, Phil Rico, says the new state park has the potential to put Trinidad on the outdoor recreation map. “We believe the city of Trinidad is going to develop into a destination area,” he says. “We have a river that runs right through our community, and we are working to develop the whole

outdoor recreation sector. One study that looked at the potential said we could get 50,000 to 100,000 tourists annually, with an economic impact of $12 million a year.”

For Shelton, making sure Trinidad derives all the benefits from the newly protected Fishers Peak is paramount. Indeed, Trust for Public Land remained on the scene after the conservation deal, helping the city draft a recreation management plan.

“We want to set up our municipal partners so they can take advantage of the park to catalyze the economy,” he explains.

“The city is going to need physical infrastructure like hotels, restaurants, bars, and parking—things that keep tourists around,” Shelton adds. “To create a diverse economy, Trinidad will also need human infrastructure, so that people can live and work there. The idea is to create a playbook other rural communities can look at and say, ‘How can we take the lessons of Fishers Peak and apply them here?’”

In the end, meaningful change for Trinidad will, hopefully, translate into successes for similar areas, which means greater access to nature for more people—the long game TPL is continually playing (and, in many cases, winning).

Bald Mountain Pond Ten states and two time zones to the northeast, in Bald Mountain Township, Maine, the concern was less about generating commercial activity than keeping it at bay. The Appalachian National Scenic Trail runs along the property at Moxie Bald Mountain that Trust for Public Land recently helped protect.

J.T. Horn, director of Trust for Public Land’s national trails

And like many areas around the trail, especially in Maine,

initiative, first learned about Moxie Bald Mountain in 2002

development and industrial-scale timber harvesting have crept

when he was with the Appalachian Trail Conservancy.

closer in recent decades.

According to Simon Rucker, executive director of the Maine Appalachian Trail Land Trust, the Appalachian Trail (AT) was laid out starting in the late 1920s. The portion in Maine was

“I thought, ‘Wow, this is really cool,’ but it wasn’t the right moment,” he recalls. “The timber company that owned it at the time wasn’t ready to sell.”

Fast-forward a dozen years, and the owner was receptive to

protected via “handshake deals” with timber companies. But

a conservation deal. The forest surrounding the trail, along

in 1968, the federal government appropriated funds to the

with Bald Mountain Pond, had long been available to hikers

National Park Service to buy the trail. There was only enough

and paddlers through an informal agreement. But future

money to acquire a strip of land, however. “Down south, the

access wasn’t assured. “It’s a classic Maine adventure—a

AT goes through Great Smoky Mountains National Park,”

paddle-hike combination,” Horn points out. “It’s not for the

Rucker says. “In Maine, there is very little of that kind of pro-

faint of heart. It is a wilderness experience, and it’s way out

tection. A lot of the trail is 500-feet wide, just a corridor.”

Such was the case in Somerset County, about three and a

there. But it’s also one of those experiences that really makes your jaw drop.”

half hours north of Portland by car. For years, various timber

In 2020, Trust for Public Land announced the permanent

companies had owned several hundred thousand acres of for-

protection of more than 2,620 acres of land at Bald Mountain

est there. But conservationists set their sights on a 2,600-acre

Pond. The conservation deal included three phases—and three

corner of the vast timberland, which included the majestic

different owners. The National Park Service assumed owner-

Moxie Bald Mountain, as well as Bald Mountain Pond, and a

ship of 1,356 acres of the mountain. The Maine Appalachian

stretch of the Appalachian Trail that crosses over the summit.

Trail Land Trust took possession of more than 1,000 acres T P L .O R G · 47

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Lucas St. Clair is president of the Elliotsville Foundation, which focuses on conservation in Maine. He describes Moxie

It’s a classic Maine adventure—a paddle-hike combination. It’s not for the faint of heart. . . . But it’s also one of those experiences that really makes your jaw drop.”

– J .T. H O R N

Bald Mountain as a classic northern hardwood forest, with fir and spruce mixed in. “It’s a great trail,” says St. Clair, who also chairs Trust for Public Land’s National Board of Directors. “You see evidence of moose, and there are Canada lynx and bobcats and a whole host of songbirds, especially if you are there in the spring during migration.”

In the late 1990s, St. Clair and his twin sister hiked the length of the Appalachian Trail, from Georgia to Maine. (Tellingly, the AT’s first full thru-hiker was a World War II veteran seeking to “walk off the war,” a testament to nature’s healing power.) “Maine is one of the most wild places along the whole stretch, where you really feel like you are in wilderness,”

around the pond, including 9 miles of shoreline. And the state

explains St. Clair. “But there are subtle reminders that you are

of Maine acquired acreage at the pond’s southern tip, where

hiking through industrial forestland. You cross logging roads

there is now a parking area and boat launch.

and you hear machinery and pulp trucks in the distance. Not

Conservation of the property created an important buffer

that we are opposed to forestry, but it can feel disorienting

along 5 miles of the AT and guaranteed public access to Bald

when you are there for an outdoor wilderness experience.”

Mountain Pond via private logging roads. To access the pond,

His family foundation (started by St. Clair’s mother and

you either need to be a thru-hiker on the Appalachian Trail—

Burt’s Bees cofounder, Roxanne Quimby) has devoted its

the nearest paved road is days away on foot—or strap a kayak

resources to preserving a sense of wilderness, protecting

to an all-wheel drive vehicle and navigate the logging road.

some 20,000 acres along the AT in Maine. The foundation gave

Either way, the experience is remote, wild, and pristine.

$1.1 million, for instance, toward conservation of Moxie Bald

“You are on a dirt road that’s in pretty rough shape for 15

Mountain. “We work to protect the AT’s treadway and the

miles to reach Bald Mountain Pond,” Rucker says. “That’s an

experience for thru-hikers, but also to provide access points,”

area where there are still active logging operations. But the

he says. “The majority of users of the Appalachian Trail are

conservation land forms enough of a buffer, so that when

not thru-hikers, but people who are experiencing it some-

you’re on the pond, you don’t hear any of that.”

where along the way.”

A day trip might include kayaking or canoeing north across

For TPL, the project at Moxie Bald Mountain was the latest

the pond, which is home to landlocked Arctic char. At the

in a string of conservation efforts along the Appalachian Trail.

opposite shore is a lean-to, near where you can pick up the

Trust for Public Land has completed more than 140 such proj-

Appalachian Trail for the 2,630-foot climb up Moxie Bald

ects, protecting 310,000 acres. The Maine Appalachian Trail

Mountain. The hiking app AllTrails describes the 4-mile out-

Land Trust had described Bald Mountain Pond as the highest

and-back trail as “moderately challenging,” adding that “it’s

priority conservation project on the AT in Maine.

unlikely you’ll encounter many other people while exploring.”

“The whole reason why people fall in love with the Appa-

“From the top, you can see the Bigelow Range, Sugarloaf and

lachian Trail extends far beyond the narrow footpath,” Horn

Saddleback Mountains, and the 100-Mile Wilderness,” Rucker

says. “Where you have this old-growth forest, these big views

notes. “When you are up there on a clear day, you can see

and these big lakes, expanding the buffer of protected area is

well into Canada. And then you hike down and get back in

really important so that people can immerse themselves in

your canoe and you can be home by dinner.”

wilderness.” Now, thankfully, such wilderness experiences are

In addition to identifying sources of public money for

protected indefinitely in Colorado and Maine.

the conservation project, Trust for Public Land helped raise private funds. Support came from the National Park Trust,

Lisa W. Foderaro is a senior writer and researcher for Trust

the National Park Foundation, and the Elliotsville Foundation,

for Public Land. Previously, she was a reporter for the New

among others.

York Times, where she covered parks and the environment.

T P L .O R G · 4 9

When Winning Becomes Contagious A student walkout leads to 124 acres of green space in southern Dallas.

By Amy McCullough

A local family enjoys green space at South Oak Cliff Renaissance Park (this page); Taylor Toynes speaks at a community luncheon held shortly after the park’s opening (opposite).

It’s morning, but the sun is already shining bright and hot

Mile Creek Urban Greenbelt. In other words, creating parks—

on a field in southern Dallas. It’s the kind of Texas day that

and an urban greenbelt to connect them—is a major group

wilts hairdos. It’s not the most comfortable, but there are

effort. And that teamwork extends well beyond the agencies

still nearly 20 people on site, making arrangements for the

involved; in fact, the most important aspect of this project's

forthcoming groundbreaking ceremony at Judge Charles R.

success has been the residents’ vision and their deep commit-

Rose Community Park.

ment to realizing it.

“It feels like a long time,” says Robert Kent, Trust for Public

When completed, the greenbelt will link a historically

Land’s Texas state director, “but it’s actually pretty short to

underserved, largely Black population in Dallas to 23 miles of

go from idea to breaking ground in six years.” Kent attributes

trails, three parks, and 124 acres of outdoor space. Strange as

that speed to the collaboration and teamwork of the various

it sounds, this ambitious concept sprang from a pile of detri-

stakeholders involved with this project, many of whom are at

tus littering a creek behind a high school—and a community

the future park site with him.

that demanded better for itself.

They include Dallas Park and Recreation staff, landscape architects, an event planner, land stewards, other TPL staff,

Oak Cliff Genesis

and a variety of local contractors. There’s even a Dallas city

Murals projecting neighborhood pride in Oak Cliff are not

marshal on the scene, blocking a lane of traffic so everyone

uncommon: a prominent one reads “Oak Cliff Raised!” and

can park along Simpson Stuart Road.

depicts Yvonne Craig, costumed as Batgirl from the 1960s

The main event, the actual groundbreaking, is still a month

Batman series, a role for which she is best known. That sense

away, in early June. But today’s well-attended planning session

of local dignity permeates South Oak Cliff High School, where

is a testament to the level of coordination and detail that

another mural, designed by students, pronounces “Still We

defines not only this 40-acre park but the entire network of

Rise” in capital letters across a parking lot wall, a nod to a

green spaces and trails that will ultimately become the Five

poem by Maya Angelou.

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assured self-image. One sore spot was Alice Branch Creek, a tributary of Five Mile Creek that runs behind South Oak Cliff High School—and, now, along South Oak Cliff Renaissance Park. The creek had become a dumping ground for old tires, empty beer cans, and other refuse.

Data from the city’s safety and economic reports showed poor health and high crime rates in the area. And a report

Once you start winning, it becomes a mindset.”

– DR. WILLIE JOHNSON Creek Urban Greenbelt project aims to improve on that, and if South Oak Cliff High School is any indication, positive change can happen quickly.

from TPL revealed that South Oak Cliff was a park desert: “We

Johnson and Battie said people thought it would take a

were shocked to find out that our zip code, 75216, had one of

while to see the success related to the new school and nearby

the least amounts of green space within a 10-minute walk of

park. “We had a 100 percent graduation rate that first year,”

residents nationwide,” says Derrick Battie, a towering former

says Battie. “Then a state [football] championship. I think we

NBA player and South Oak Cliff alumni who serves as the

know a little something about winning in 75216.”

school’s community liaison.

In 2015, students protested poor conditions at the high school

Serendipity in Highland Hills

by staging a walkout; their outcry gained national attention,

Randy Bowman, founder of educational nonprofit At Last!,

ultimately leading to a $52 million investment in a new facility.

knows the regenerative power of the outdoors—for children

And the community didn’t stop with indoor improvements. To

especially. The organization provides kids from less prosper-

hear Principal Dr. Willie Johnson tell it, students here were

ous families with resources, academic coaching, and a nurtur-

just waiting for their first victory: “Once you start winning,”

ing environment to help them excel in school and life. The At

he says, “it becomes a mindset.”

When students and alumni raised concerns about the

Last! boarding facility, where kids live during the school week, neighbors South Oak Cliff Renaissance Park.

polluted creek, Dr. Johnson got in touch with TPL, and plans

“What we have across the creek in that park is not replicated

for what is now South Oak Cliff Renaissance Park were

in this area,” says Bowman, who previously owned the park

hatched. “Trust for Public Land was very significant in getting

site and helped TPL acquire it. “It also provides an outdoor sort

this thing accomplished,” says Johnson (known to students as

of biology lab for South Oak Cliff High School and for our kids

“Dr. J”). Battie adds that TPL staff came in with the under-

here, if we want to demonstrate things to them. There was no

standing that the steering committee for the project needed

good reason not to do it,” he says of his decision to sell the land.

to reflect the demographics of the community. “It can’t be . . . some non-Black faces in the Black community putting in a park,” he says. So TPL empowered locals to lead the effort.

The resulting 1.8-acre park, a mere six-minute walk from

Given the demographic At Last! serves, Bowman says kids often have hard days. “Sometimes, that malaise spreads throughout the group,” he explains, “and you can say, ‘All right, tablets down, pencils down. We’re going to walk over

the high school down Overton Road, opened in November b r i t ta n y g r y d e r

jason flowers

But it wasn’t long ago that the community conveyed a less

2021, the miraculous timing of which was not lost on Taylor Toynes, founder of For Oak Cliff, a nonprofit that works to combat systemic oppression through education. “We got the park in the midst of a pandemic,” he says of working with TPL on community engagement. “That’s dedication.”

Toynes, who joined TPL’s National Board of Directors last year, sees green spaces as essential to well-being. “Everyone, no matter the age or person, race, creed, whatever, there’s one place that we all belong and that’s outside,” he says. “It’s the most natural space for you to be in. It provides you everything that you need to be in harmony, to be healthy.”

Currently, more than 186,000 people live within the Five Mile Creek watershed, but only about half have access to a park or trail within a 10-minute walk of home. Our Five Mile T P L .O R G · 51

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Copyright © The Trust for Public Land

Five Mile Creek Urban Greenbelt

Parks in the Five Mile Creek Urban Greenbelt

PA R K A N D T R A I L V I S I O N

South Oak Cliff Renaissance Park

Judge Charles R. Rose Community Park

Acres: 1.8

Acres: 40.4

Neighborhood: South Oak Cliff

Neighborhood: Highland Hills

Neighborhood: Glen Oaks

Opened: November 2021

Broke ground: June 2022

Opening: To be determined

Woody Branch Park Acres: 82 (the largest addition to the Dallas Park System in over 20 years)

Features: All-weather exercise equip-

Features: An outdoor classroom, views

Features: Amenities under consider-

ment, an outdoor classroom, a basket-

of downtown Dallas, public Wi-Fi, an all-

ation include a playground, gardens,

ball half-court, native plants and rain

abilities playground, community-inspired

picnic pavilion, paved walking paths,

gardens, solar-powered lighting, public

art, and multiple spacious lawns.

and nature trails.

Wi-Fi, and climbing boulders.

Bonus: Several acres of Blackland

Bonus: This park will conserve impor-

Bonus: The park connects to the city’s

Prairie, an endangered ecoregion rich

tant habitat, including more than 1 mile

5-mile Honey Springs–Cedar Crest

with native habitat, will be restored while

of creekside land and over 16,000 trees

Trail, making it even more accessible to

preserved woodland will offer a scenic

capable of capturing 3,700 metric tons

area residents.

walking trail.

of carbon a year.

5 2 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

jason flowers

to the park, and we’re going to take 15 minutes. And I want you to have as much fun as you can in that 15 minutes. Then we’re going to come back and get back on our stuff.’”

Judge Charles R. Rose Community Park is the next project to be completed in the Five Mile Creek Urban Greenbelt (to be followed by Woody Branch Park, an 82-acre forest in Glen Oaks). It’s happening in stages, as funding becomes available.

“We’re motivated that there are kids in that neighborhood right now who could benefit from that park,” says Robert Kent. “So let’s do the best we can, with what we can, now.”

When Judge Charles R. Rose Community Park is completed, the 3,567 Highland Hills residents who live within a 10-minute walk of it will have a place to exercise, breathe fresh air, and, “have a different perspective find [them],” as Bowman puts it. The first stage, which features an outdoor classroom and views of downtown Dallas, will open in 2023.

Highland Hills residents help break ground at Charles R. Rose Community Park.

The park’s genesis was spurred by an unexpected triumph: around the time TPL bought the land for the park, the Texas

of community members who were used to broken promises.

legislature appropriated $1 million for a Judge Charles R. Rose

Relationships, they all say, are the foundation for positive

Park to be created somewhere in Dallas County. Judge Rose,

change in southern Dallas. “That’s how Trust for Public Land

who passed away in 2019, was a beloved figure in Highland

operates,” says Battie. “None of us. All of you guys.”

Hills, where his namesake park will exist. He served as a

When asked if the progress in his neighborhood signifies a

school board member and justice of the peace and “had a

breaking down of barriers, a challenge to the oppression he

good impact on the neighborhood,” according to Kent.

saw growing up, Toynes is thoughtful. “I’ve seen progress; can’t

This opportunity not only supplied funding to build the

say that I've seen a breakdown,” he says. “Success is an effort.

park, but it also strengthened ties between TPL and Highland

Those things we’re talking about are so deep rooted. That’s

Hills residents, who workshopped the park design over two

going to take a lot. But what better place to do it than outside?”

years of community engagement to ensure the resulting green

A month later, at the groundbreaking for Judge Charles R.

space matches their vision. In another serendipitous turn, the

Rose Community Park, the air is thick with more than humid-

area is now represented in the Texas legislature by Rose’s

ity: the excitement from the gathering community—more

daughter, State Representative Toni Rose. “Representative

than 350 attendees, including dozens of Judge Rose’s extended

Rose has been a great champion for the project,” says Kent.

family and his widow—is palpable. The bilingual event invita-

“She’s been very involved”—just like residents.

tion reads, “We are so excited to celebrate this milestone with

None of Us, All of You

life,” and the mood reflects this positive energy.

the Highland Hills community and see your designs come to Involvement is empowering; it cultivates pride in place and

It’s a memorable day. Laughter accompanies beats from a

ownership. And, as Battie puts it, “When you give voice to

local African drum ensemble. Hugs are shared between neigh-

disenfranchised communities, it gives other people the power

bors who’ve known each other their whole lives. Speeches yield

and the confidence to speak out, too.”

cheers and tears—evidence of this project’s meaning, the fulfill-

Toynes says enriching outdoor spaces like those along Five Mile Creek indicates to young people they are cared for by

ment of a promise to provide a place for unity and connection.

“The ceremony was such a powerful moment of community

their community, which reflects positively on where they’re

spirit,” says Kent. For Highland Hills—and southern Dallas—the

from—and, in turn, on their perceptions of themselves.

wheels of change are turning. And it feels like winning.

Partners and collaborators across the Five Mile Creek project emphasize the importance of listening and building trust by forming alliances. Toynes, Battie, Johnson, and Bow-

Amy McCullough is senior writer and editor for Trust for

man agree TPL’s spirit of engagement set it apart in the eyes

Public Land and managing editor of Land&People.

T P L .O R G · 5 3

Thanks to TPL’s efforts, locals and visitors to the North Shore of O‘ahu can enjoy stand-up paddleboarding and other outdoor activities along miles of open coastline.

5 4 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

j e n n y s at h n g a m

Making Waves— and Defending Them Preserving 5 miles of irreplaceable coastline for North Shore recreationists and residents in Hawai‘i.

By Maria Kanai

As a Honoluluan, the drive up to the North Shore of O‘ahu isn’t one I make often, but it’s always a welcome escape to visit the rugged coastline that’s home to some of the world’s most iconic surf spots and pristine beaches.

It takes about an hour from Salt Lake in my blue Forester, give or take. The scenery changes from condominiums, crowded roads, and transit-rail construction to sweeping pineapple fields, giant white windmills, and residential “Keep the Country Country” signs. I turn onto a palm-lined road that leads to Turtle Bay Resort, a fivestar luxury oceanfront property that sprawls over 1,300 acres.

In the resort parking lot, I overhear a couple of twentysomething locals in midconversation. Clad in slippers and hats, one of them asks, worriedly, “Eh, you sure we’re allowed to be here?” His friend responds with confidence while balancing towels under his arm, “We should be, it’s a public beach.”

He’s right. Thanks to Trust for Public Land’s Kahuku Kawela Forever project, these 5 miles of coast are indefinitely preserved for public use, and I’m here to meet the woman who spearheaded the deal. Lea Hong, state director of TPL Hawai‘i, is waiting for me at the resort’s golf shop, wearing a long-sleeved blue sun shirt, a hat, and walking shoes. Before we embark, she gives me a navy-gray shirt that has a list of successful projects completed by TPL against a backdrop of the Hawaiian Islands: Waiāhole Beach Park, Kīlauea Point National Wildlife Refuge, Hālawa Valley, Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park, and many, many more.

It’s an age-old tale across Hawai‘i: the bitter conflict over land development between Hawai‘i residents and foreign developers. For three decades, North Shore residents, surfers, and community groups like the Defend O‘ahu Coalition (which sells signs and shirts with the aforementioned “country” slogan) protested fiercely against the resort’s massive plans to build five new hotels, thousands of resort units, and several commercial and shopping centers. As tension rose, TPL entered the fray in 2006 to help negotiate a conservation agreement with the state of Hawai‘i, the city and county of Honolulu, and the landowner. In 2015, TPL was finally able to strike a $45 million deal to preserve 634 acres of the windswept coastline.

T P L .O R G · 5 5

No Speeches, Just Beaches

Trust for Public Land Hawai‘i State Director Lea Hong in the North Shore’s Waimea Valley.

Kahuku Kawela Forever was one of the nonprofit’s most highprofile cases—and, Hong admits, probably the most stressful.

“It was a grueling process with many setbacks, going through three mayors and three governors,” she says. But as a result of her and her colleagues’ perseverance, the resort’s development plans were majorly scaled back, to only two hotels and down to 750 hotel and residential units from the original 3,500. The resort maintains ownership of the land and can use the area for recreation, too—there’s a surf and stand-up paddleboard school led by pro surfer Jamie O’Brien for hotel guests. Meanwhile, the resort is required to provide maintenance, security, and recreational access for the public. That’s why there are up to 80 public parking stalls at the resort lot and, along with beach access, 8 miles of trails open to the public.

“The Kahuku Kawela Forever project was one of the largest in terms of dollars we’ve had in Hawai‘i, and there were many frustrating moments, having to engage in shuttle diplomacy and talk to state and county elected officials to convince them why this deal was a good idea. But it was an incredibly worthy project,” says Hong. “I just remember when it was all finished, the community didn’t want any more speeches. No speeches, just beaches!” she exclaims, laughing.

Hong and I embark on a resort golf cart along marked trails that take us to Kahuku Point through a thick forest by the coast. It’s not crowded at ten o’clock on a weekday morning, but we pass families on bicycles, visitors on Segways, and an elderly couple strolling for their morning exercise. When we make it to Kahuku Point, Hong takes off to look for monk seals. “Is that one?” she asks. “Sometimes you can’t tell a seal from the black rocks.” Waves break against jagged rocks, and white water reflects the early light as we climb up a sandy incline for a better view. Alas, no monk seals, just rough waves. Hong herself is a surfer on the south shore and says you should be experienced if you want to surf here.

Hong, who grew up in Wahiawā, worked for years in environmental law before joining TPL. She says working for TPL

There’s a permanence with the work that we do. It’s satisfying knowing that this land is going to be protected forever.”

– LEA HONG

has provided her with much more satisfaction than litigation ever could. “There’s a permanence with the work that we do.

with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to restore the coastal

It’s satisfying knowing that this land is going to be protected

dune ecosystem and protect the birds. They’ve tirelessly toiled

forever,” says Hong. “It is an amazing feeling to see families

to remove invasive species, reintroduce and cultivate native

going to the beach, enjoying the hiking trails, and surfing—

species, and trap aggressive predators like mongooses.

and to know that will continue.”

As a result of their efforts, the wildlife is flourishing. Visitors

A large black-and-white albatross soars above us as we chat,

and locals can now regularly see (but not touch) rare species

and she tells me there are nests nearby—one of a few nesting

such as the Laysan albatross, four endemic and endangered

spots on the entire island. Kahuku Point is under stewardship

Hawaiian waterbirds, endangered monk seal pups on the

of the North Shore Community Land Trust, which partners

beach, and even threatened nesting sea turtles.

5 6 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

j e n n y s at h n g a m

j e n n y s at h n g a m

arna johnson

j e n n y s at h n g a m

Aerial views of Keiki Pool (top) and Kahuku Point (bottom) showcase the North Shore’s remarkable beauty while a Laysan albatross (inset) soars above Kīlauea Point National Wildlife Refuge, another successful TPL project on the T P L .O R G · 5 7 neighboring island of Kaua‘i.

Lea Hong, TPL’s Hawai‘i state director, and her dog, Milo, are just two locals who regularly enjoy the stunning views and recreation opportunities afforded by access to Kawela Bay.

5 8 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

Keeping Country, Country

limestone island about 100 feet from Kawela Beach—he could

After a stint on Kamehameha Highway, I park across from

buy a surfboard with his newspaper route money. He completed

farm stands selling corn, bananas, and coconuts. There’s a

the challenge, got himself a $35 surfboard, and has been rid-

path here that leads to Kawela Bay—you could also walk one

ing the waves ever since.

of the trails from the resort, but this is faster. It’s a short

“With surfing, you’re not always catching waves—you end up

three-minute trek from the highway before I emerge onto the

. . . waiting around,” Manley explains. “During that time, we

glistening, crescent-shaped bay. The water is peaceful, lapping

[talk] with friends. When we were young, we’d talk about who

gently onto the shore where a family holds a picnic. A group

broke up with who. Now, we talk about how old we’re getting.”

of pink kayaks are about a mile out in the water, and a couple with surfboards gets ready to paddle out.

The secluded bay is exempt from the towering waves the

He’s grateful to TPL for the work they did to preserve his neighborhood. “I remember thinking back then, if they developed and built all those hotels, we would lose Kawela,” says

North Shore is known for. Experienced surfers flock from

Manley. “It wouldn’t matter if our family owned a house here

around the world between November and February to ride the

or not. It wouldn’t have been the same Kawela that we knew

awe-inspiring waves at spots like Sunset Beach, Pipeline, or

as kids. We would have lost some of the soul of Kawela.”

Rocky Point. Many participate in international competitions

Today, he still goes out to the bay as often as he can,

such as the Vans Triple Crown of Surfing, the Eddie Aikau Big

sometimes up to five times a week. He’s switched his

Wave Invitational, and the Billabong Pro Pipeline. But there’s a

surfboard for stand-up paddleboarding, together with his

plethora of lesser-known surf spots along this stretch of land—

beloved dog, Snoopy. Although the neighborhood’s changed

if you know, you know. At Kawela Bay, the waves are more

since he was a kid—“there are lots more rich folk”—he’s

ideal for beginners and keiki (children); if you take the time to

able to rest easy knowing that the shore will never be over-

paddle farther out, you can find more intermediate waves.

run by resorts and hotels.

Or so I hear from Mark Manley, a Kawela Bay surfer and resident since 1958. He was a staunch supporter of the Kahuku Kawela Forever project, knowing his family’s way of life was threatened by the resort’s development plans.

As a child, he played at the bay with friends until sundown, holding summer bonfires on the sand, catching hammerhead j e n n y s at h n g a m

sharks, sailing on rafts, and being next-door neighbors with pro surfer Gerry Lopez. “I wanted to be a surfer just like him,” says Manley. When he was 12, his father told him that if he could swim to and back from Kūka‘imanini Island—a small

It wouldn’t have been the same Kawela that we knew as kids.

We would have lost some of the soul of Kawela.”

– MARK MANLEY T P L .O R G · 5 9

marco garcia

Local produce is available at farmers’ markets near Kawela Bay. Much of it is grown on land preserved

by TPL and the North Shore Community Land Trust for dedicated agricultural use.

A Symbolic Battle

many special places and shorelines,” says Cole, “and how

One friend Manley might be chatting with while waiting for a

important it was to preserve the places we do have left for the

wave is Doug Cole, one of Hong’s partners during the Kahuku

entire island population and beyond to enjoy.”

Kawela Forever project. At the time, Cole was the executive

Cole belongs to a family of surfers: his father, Peter Cole,

director of the North Shore Community Land Trust. He and

moved to Hawai‘i from California in 1957 and became a

Hong were in the trenches together for years, attending task

legendary big wave surfer who won the Mākaha International

force and community meetings, meeting legislators and tak-

the following year. Peter was well known for his conserva-

ing them on visits to the site. Many state and county elected

tion work along the North Shore, and Doug remembers many

officials had concerns about the cost of the land, especially

nights as a child, watching his father return home tired after

when much of it wasn’t going to be under direct state or

community meetings. “He was always opposing resort expan-

county ownership.

sion in the ’80s and, some days, he’d come home grumpy,”

“The point we were trying to make to the legislators was

Doug remembers. “I would say he was a major influence in

that we’re preserving shoreline and ocean experience along

my life and how I got involved with the project.”

an undeveloped portion of the island,” says Cole. “People can paddle, go [to the] beach, and hike even if we don’t own the land. And that was the hardest hurdle to convince people—it would cost this much for land that they don’t have total ownership [of]. But our point was that we would get all the benefit of owning this land without the burden of needing to manage it. The primary benefit was recreational enjoyment and wildlife preservation.”

It’s clear that for everyone involved, the fight was much bigger than just this particular property on the North Shore.

“It was symbolic of the entire state of Hawai‘i having lost so

[This project] was symbolic of . . . how important it was to preserve the places we do have left for the entire island population and beyond to enjoy.”

– DOUG COLE

Time spent in nature is known to have a positive impact on mental and physical wellness; access to Kawela Bay provides healthful opportunities for residents and tourists alike (above and right). Lea Hong, TPL’s Hawai‘i state director, and her dog, Milo, stand-up paddleboard across Kawela Bay (inset).

6 0 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

j e n n y s at h n g a m

j e n n y s at h n g a m

He has fond memories of biking along the trails, surfing

He adds, “There’s no way we would have succeeded in

at Kawela Bay, and fishing in area ponds. In fact, his first job

conserving this land if it weren’t for TPL and Lea Hong in

in high school was handing out towels at the resort pool. He

particular. We couldn’t have accomplished this without them.

recalls coming across construction along the old trails through

I’m so thankful that I can still experience this place in the

Turtle Bay as a teenager and seeing concrete pilings as the

way I’ve come to love it, and my kids can do it too, and that

resort was preparing to build the new hotels.

gratefulness will extend for generations.”

j e n n y s at h n g a m

His favorite time to surf the bay is before sunset. “It’s not just the waves that you catch and how many waves you catch,”

Maria Kanai is a freelance journalist and editor based in

he says. “It’s getting away from work or other stresses in life,

Honolulu. Her writing has appeared in Hana Hou!, the

the experience of paddling out into the ocean and looking at

Honolulu Star-Advertiser, HONOLULU Magazine, MidWeek,

the beautiful shoreline. We surfers have a real appreciation

and more. She was born in Yokohama, Japan, but moved to

for our natural environment, and that played a role in the suc-

Hawai‘i a lifetime ago and married a local boy, with whom she

cess of the Kahuku Kawela Forever project.”

now has two kids.

T P L .O R G · 6 1

Member Center OUR MISSION: TRUST FOR PUBLIC LAND CREATES PARKS AND PROTECTS LAND FOR PEOPLE, ENSURING HEALTHY, LIVABLE COMMUNITIES FOR GENERATIONS TO COME. As a Trust for Public Land member, you’re a leader in the movement to create healthier, more resilient, and more equitable communities for all. Together, we’re connecting everyone to the outdoors.

Since 1972, supporters like you have helped protect more than 3 million acres of public land, created more than 5,000 parks, trails, schoolyards, and iconic outdoor places, raised $84 billion in public funding for parks and public lands, and connected more than 9 million people to the outdoors. Our work depends on the generous contributions of people like you.

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And share our stories and updates with your network.

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m innesota

Minnesota State Office 2610 University Ave. Suite 300 St. Paul, MN 55114 651.917.2240 Also serves: Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Missouri, North Dakota, Wisconsin m ontana

Northern Rockies Office 1007 E. Main St. Suite 300 Bozeman, MT 59715 406.522.7450 Also serves: Idaho ne w j e r se y

Ohio State Office 1250 Old River Rd. Suite 202 Cleveland, OH 44113 216.928.7518

te x as

Texas State Office 3000 Pegasus Park Dr. Suite 752 Dallas, TX 75247 469.615.5448 v e r m ont

Vermont State Office 3 Shipman Pl. Montpelier, VT 05602 802.223.1373 Also serves: New Hampshire washin gton

Northwest Regional Office 1218 Third Ave. Suite 1700 Seattle, WA 98101 206.587.2447 Also serves: Alaska

New Jersey State Office 60 Park Pl. Suite 901 Newark, NJ 07102 973.998.9440

Northwest Field Office 18 North Wenatchee Ave. 2nd Floor Wenatchee, WA 98801 509.888.0844

ne w m e x ico

washin gton , dc

New Mexico State Office 607 Cerrillos Rd. Suite F1 Santa Fe, NM 87505 505.988.5922 Also serves: Arizona and Utah ne w yo r k

New York State Office 666 Broadway Suite 902 New York, NY 10012 212.677.7171

Chesapeake and Carolinas Office 100 M Street SE Suite 700 Washington, DC 20003 202.543.7552 Also serves: Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia w yo m in g

Northern Rockies Office 690 W Broadway Suite 200 Jackson, WY 83001 307.739.3941 T P L .O R G · 6 3

t r a il’s en d

HUMANS BELONG IN NATURE, AND THAT’S A GOOD THING Why do so many of us think nature is at

species around their respective landscapes, and their hunting

its best when people are absent? The idea

regulated the abundance of many animal species.

that nature and people should be separate ignores history and

Today’s ecosystems still rely on human management, and

is counterproductive. It also sets a tone that makes conserva-

withholding that management usually turns out poorly. There

tion efforts much more difficult.

are numerous examples of beautiful natural areas declining

North America was not “pristine, untouched wilderness”

in ecological health after being put under conservation

(as it is often and erroneously described) when Europeans

“protection” that removed active human management. Forests

arrived on the scene. The ecosystems of the continent were

become too dense, prairies get swallowed up by brush, and

populated and being intentionally and thoughtfully managed

invasive species run rampant and reduce the diversity and

by Indigenous people. Plants, animals, and the communities

resilience of plant and animal communities. In spite of all

they lived in were adapted to human activity.

that, we’ve created a wilderness ideal declaring that nature is

Advocating that people and nature should be separate is problematic in multiple ways. First and foremost, saying

better off without us.

It’s absolutely true that much human activity, especially

nature is better without humans is disrespectful and dismis-

after industrialization, has had terrible consequences for

sive of Indigenous people who have been land stewards for

plant and animal species. Our ability to cause damage, though,

thousands of years. It also falsely absolves all of us of our

doesn’t eliminate our responsibility to do good. If you have an

responsibility to continue that stewardship.

overweight pet, your veterinarian doesn’t tell you to stop

We also need to avoid separating humans and nature

feeding it altogether. Instead of trying to remove people from

because, if people don’t feel connected to nature or see it as

nature, we should concentrate on how to be better caretakers.

relevant to their daily lives, the conservation movement is

We should seek ways to bring nature and people together,

doomed. For those of us who enjoy hiking, birding, hunting,

not try to push them apart. Conservation efforts—like those of

or other nature-based recreation, it’s easy to forget that many

Trust for Public Land—won’t succeed unless they have public

Americans think of nature as uninviting, or even frightening.

support, and that won’t happen unless people see nature as

Worse, some don’t think about nature at all.

relevant to their lives, which it very much is. Countless

About 12,000 years ago, the last ice age ended and glaciers

studies show that exposure to nature is critical for human

receded from most of North America. As the climate changed,

wellness: reducing anxiety, stress, and depression and

ecosystems did too, but those changes were also strongly

improving physical health.

influenced by the management of humans, who had already

The relationship between people and nature has existed for

been on the continent for at least 10,000 years by that point.

as long as humans have been around. Trying to disconnect

Widespread use of fire by Indigenous people regulated the

the two is both fruitless and unproductive. As a species with

density of woodlands and allowed diverse wildflower and ani-

the power and intellect to have outsized influence on our

mal communities to thrive between the trees. Similar fire

surroundings, we must focus on making that influence as

management gave grasses a competitive edge and helped

positive as we can. All the species on earth, including our

drive the emergence and perpetuation of tallgrass prairie and

own, are depending upon us.

oak savanna habitats in what is today the midwestern U.S. In fact, around the globe and for millennia, Indigenous people have used fire to control the foraging patterns of large grazers and to maintain an abundance of plants used for medicine or food. Their management included far more than just fire, however. People actively cultivated and moved plant 6 4 · L A N D & P E O P L E · FA L L / W I N T E R 2 0 2 2

CHRIS HELZER writes The Prairie Ecologist blog and is the author of The Ecology and Management of Prairies in the Central United States and Hidden Prairie: Photographing Life in One Square Meter.

chris bennett

Our ability to cause damage doesn’t eliminate our responsibility to do good.”

National Office 101 Montgomery St. Suite 900 San Francisco, CA 94104

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