2018 IFLA Student Landscape Architecture Design Competition Awards
REBORN PRAIRIE : FIX YELLOW SAND WITH GREEN
Reborn prairie
02 LOCATION
The most serious problem ：Prairie desertification km²
Moderate desertification Serious desertification
1990
1994
2000
2011
2004
Main reason 1：Overgrazing
Sichuan Province After 2000, the desertification in this area became severe and the ecosystem was destroyed.
0
30
60
2016 120
Rebuilt wetland Drainage ditch Rational carrying capacity
A plateau zokor can destroy up to 100 square meters of vegetation.
km²
Crop cultivation
Damaged area
Grass planting area
Linum usitatissimum
2012
2008
2004
1996
2000
1992
1984
1988
1980
1972
0
0
Through the encircling of the sand by green land, the sand is gradually transformed into green land. The green chess symbolizes the grassland and the yellow chess symbolizes the sand.
The grassland spread out at the center of the community. In the process of grassland management, even if part of the grassland is destroyed, the reclaimed grassland will prevent further damage to the grassland. Grassland and yellow sand confront each other and form a kind of dynamic balance. Gradually, grassland replaced yellow sand and resilient landscape formed.
50000
10000
Hordeum vulgare
2010s 2000s 1990s 1980s 1970s 1960s 1950s
N 0m
100m 200m
500m
In the 1960s and 1970s, in order to raise the stocking rate of prairie and the utilization rate of prairie, Ruoergai and other counties digged thousands of ditches in the marshes. Now in Zoige, only 20% of the marsh area is remained.
09 THE PROCESS OF RESTRICTING GRAZING
08 RECOVERY PROCESS
Current situation
Phase 2
0-5 Years
Phase 3
5-10 Years
Phase 4
10-15 Years
The ecosystem is destroyed.
Prairie desertification is serious. Prairie rats severely damaged the prairie.
Sand
Sandy land
Rats damaged area
35% 15%
Wind power
Solar energy
Biogas
2028s
Community
Animal husbandry
Economy
People
2033s
Tourism
Sand control area
Ecology
Sand
Landscape
Yellow River
Engineering measures
Biological measures
Remote sensing
The ecosystem is about to recover.
The wetland system is about to recover.
Economic, ecological and cultural begin integrated development.
Tourism is revitalizing.
Wetland Sand
Weather monitoring
5% Surround the sand, limiting the cattle and sheep to the fence.With the restoration of the grass, gradually open the fence so that cattle and sheep can enter the prairie.
07 SPECIFIC METHODS ① The solutions of prairie desertification.
A
The water is spreading out of the drainage ditch.
Prairie
65% 30%
Luo Cha Village
Finally remove the fence.
Wetland
15%
Entertainment
Gradually open the fence.
Collecting the rainwater Planting aquatic plants
Prairie
60% 25%
Agriculture
Type D
Wetland system begins to recover.
Sand
50%
A Xi pond
Sandy land management achieved initial success. Ecosystem starts to recover.
Wetland
Wetlands
06 CYCLE MODE Rivers
Blocking the drainage ditch with dams.
Feeding cattle and sheep with feed.
Prairie
2023s
New roads
Crop cultivation
11 THE PROCESS OF REPAIRING THE PRAIRIE Phase 1
Wetland 5% 80%
Wetland
10 THE PROCESS OF MARSH RESTORATION
Prairie 15%
Sandy land
Existing roads
Drainage ditch
Pyracantha fortuneana
The area of drained marsh
2018s
Type A
Lycium chinense
Solanum tuberosum
Clean energy area 20000 hm²
15000
05 CURRET SITUATION
Community
Brassica napus
Fence
Main reason 3：Drain the marsh
Green against yellow:
Elimination:
The design idea comes from the rules of weichi.
Distribution area
2000 1000 1976
Zoige County is located at 102°08′-103°39′ east longitude and 32°56′-34°19′ north latitude. It is part of the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, China.
Enclosing:
Background Zoige grassland lies in the Yellow River source area in China’s Qinghai Tibet Plateau, with a total area of 53,000 km2. However, due to excessive grazing, rodent damage, artificial draining marsh and other reasons, its ecological environment is becoming bad, and the grasslands are seriously deserted. Now it has become the origin of dust storms in northern China. The site is selected in the A Xi Village of Zoige County, where there are the richest land types. Design intention The concept of “encircling and eliminating” in “weichi” is adopted in the game against yellow sand by using “green modules”. The yellow sand is “encircled” by different green modules, and it is slowly “eliminated” , and restore to grassland and wetland. According to the damage degrees and its causes of desertification, the modules are chosen and arranged flexibly, and the strategy is adjusted according to the evolution of the site. This ancient Chinese philosophy of balances is applied to modern landscape design. Expected target By harnessing grasslands and wetlands, the ecological environment of the whole Zoige area will be gradually optimized. By
Landscape Bridge
Main reason 2：Damage caused by rats
3000
When the Red Army passed the Zoige Prairie, it was called "China's most beautiful wetland prairie." It is undergoing an unprecedented ecological nightmare, and a series of sand scars are spreading in the green. For decades, marshes have been hard to find. The wetland area has shrunk by more than 60%, the grassland desertification area has reached 1053 km², and the grassland desertification is still increasing at an annual rate of 11.65%.
Yellow River
Wetlands
1970s 1960s 1950s
04 DESIGN CONCEPT
The quantity of livestock(Ten thousand)
1990s 1980s
6000 5000 4000
Luo Cha Village
Rivers
90
2010s 2000s
Zoige County
A Xi pond
New roads
Slight desertification
0
After 1990, overgrazing lead to prairie degradation and ecological imbalance.
Fix yellow sand with plants
Existing roads
20 10
Between 1960 and 1970, people drained marsh water and turned marshes into meadow.
Community
The trend of desertification has intensified.
50 40 30
01 HISTORY
In 1935, the Chinese Red Army passed this place.
Reborn prairie
03 PROBLEM AND REASONS China
Fix yellow sand with plants
2016
UNIVERSITY CATEGORY
The reconstruction of the marsh was finally completed.
Shrubs and fertilizer Grass Red willow
13 RESTORATION OF BIODIVERSITY
12 SUMMARY OF STRATEGY
Flowing sand Repair method of flowing sand
Solutions to drained marsh
B
Shrubs
Type C
Grass
Type F
Fixed sand
Solutions to prairie desertification
Wind speed Drainage
Block water flow
Sand
Plant grass
Humidity
Cymbella lunata
Cash crop
Hippuris vulgaris L.
Potamogeton Typha distinctus orientalis Presl
Scirpus Phragmites Equisetum validus communis arvense L. Vahl
Artemisia frigida
Avena Elymus Elymus Ammopiptanthus Rhododendron sativa L. sibiricus dahuricus mongolicus telmateium Linn. Turcz.
Equus caballus Canis lupus Linnaeus
Cash crop
Meat
Solutions to overgrazing Grazing
Restricted grazing
Fixed sand Repair method of fixed sand
Duo Ba Village
Solutions to damage caused by rats
Ecology Lepus oiostolus
Milk
Anser cygnoides
Anas querquedula Japalura flaviceps
Rat
Eagle
Fox
GIS
Anabarilius Procypris rabaudi
Grass Biogas
Sandy meadows
Electric energy Wind energy
Houses
Plant coverage
Cygnus cygnus Mycteria leucocephalus Grus nigricollis
D
A Xi Township
C
Eospalax fontanierii
Electronic equipment
Wetland coverage
Surface Surface Soil moisture temperature reflectance
Solar energy
Nanorana pleskei
Vulture
Aquila nipalensis
Ailurus fulgens
Grass
Flowing sand
TypeG
Myriophyllum Utricularia verticillatum aurea Lour L.
Weather monitoring
Tourism
Pseudois nayaur
A
D
Day length
Stool
Repair method of fixed sand
C
Sandy meadows
Rainfall
Cervus nippon Pseudoxenodon macrops Vulpes ferrilata
Gypaetus barbatus Bos grunniens Grus nigricollis
Mustela nivalis Ochotona curzoniae Marmota himalayana
Rana kukunoris
Upland condition
Psephurus gladius
Onychostoma sima
Upland condition Mesic condition Saturated condition
Repair method of sandy meadows
② The solutions of overgrazing.
Fixed sand
E
Wind energy
Fence
F
Grazing
Rat damaged area
Restricted grazing
③ The solutions of damage caused by rats
Type E
G
Drainage
F
Landscape Bridge
La Di pond Eagle pole
E Eagle pole This is helpful for the eagle's hunting.
Grazing
Fox's nest This is helpful to the breeding of foxes.
Solar energy
④ The solutions of drained marsh
B
Fixed sand
01
Type B
N
Rang Mu pond
G
200m
400m
1000m
Harnessing sand
Fence
Water retaining dam Drainage ditch
0m
Retain water
02
Fox's nest
Wu Yilin, Nie Tianyi, Li Qingyang, Li Shiqi, Li Qing
Shandong Agricultural University, Xi`an University of Architecture and Technology