WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany 1- Rural landscape and estates: a brief introduction 2- Estates’ system in Italy. - Interested regions. - Period of the phenomenon formation. 3- Case study: Trebbio medicean villa in Mugello (Florence province). - System’s description: location and production - From Villa to landscape: the historical transformations - Evolution of the property through the centuries 4- Perspectives: -give rise to a new critical reading of the connection between villas and historical gardens, establishing a process of re-appropriation of the cul tural and landscape heritage.
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
Rural landscape and estates The theme of the close link and the continuity between villa and rural landscape is an ancient consciousness that has gradually hardened over time, both in Italian and in European culture. If we consider the system of a villa with its historical garden, it is recurring that also from both the critical reading and the protection point of view, agricultural lands, always considered as an integral part of the complex, such as woods and streets, aren’t part of the same protection regime. This aspect should, however, have a fundamental role within the conservation project. The revision of the boundaries and the original relationship with the landscape context are very useful for a redefinition of the borders of a place, initially conceived as an ideal of continuity with all the elements defining the landscape, such as agricultural textures, Roman centuriation, drainage works, and all those systems stratified over the course of history. The aim of this study is to develop this theme, from a theoretical point of view and with the use of different case studies.
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
The estates’ system in Italy: Phenomenon distribution
Lombardy
Campania, Reggia di Portici
Piedmont
Piedmont, Stupinigi
Lazio, Villa Mondragone
Veneto, Villa a Valsanzibio
Tuscany, Villa Reale di Marlia
Sicily, Villa Valguarnera
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
The case of Tuscany and the Medici villas around Florence
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
Main medicean villas around Florence part of the World Heritage List since 2013:
Medicean villas, itinerary for the visit, Tomaso Buzzi 1931 (exhibition The italian Garden, 1931)
The importance of Lunette by G. Utens (drawn from 1599 to 1602)
The 14 lunettes that have arrived to us (initially had to be 17, but 3 have been lost) represent the villas considered most representative at the time of Ferdinando. They tell us in detail the state of the villas, that underwent many changes in following centuries. They tell us with extraordinary precision 14 different gardens and landscapes.
1- Cafaggiolo villa 2- Trebbio villa 3- Careggi villa 4- Medici villa in Fiesole 5- Castello villa 6- Poggio a Caiano villa 7- Petraia villa 8- Garden of Boboli 9- Cerreto Guidi villa 10- Seravezza villa 11- Garden of Pratolino 12- La Magia villa 13- Artimino villa 14- Poggio Imperiale villa
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
Trebbio villa in Mugello (Florence)
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
Landscape around Trebbio villa
Doccioli farm
Landscape around Trebbio villa
Vivaio farm
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
Villa and garden: historical transformations Detail of Lunetta by G Utens (1600 ca)
Detail of an historical plan (1750 ca)
Current state
Giusto Utens, Il Trebbio, 1599-1602 (zoom). Detail of the space in front of the entrance of the villa. Thanks to this “Lunetta” we can understand how was the villa. The space between the chapel and the Piazza farm, is completely free and from the side of the chapel an uphill path takes shape towards the entrance to the villa, bordered by a wall. At the time of Utens, the garden was still characterized by two pergolas: one constituted the main entrance, the other, now disappeared, was at a lower altitude. Beyond the vegetable garden, there is a space to be used for agriculture.
Detail of Pianta della Fattoria e Villa del Trebbio e de’ Poderi della Piazza, di Cerreto e di Doccioli, 1750 ca. (ASF, Corporazioni religiose soppresse del Governo francese, 136, n. 143/II), about 150 years after G. Utens Lunetta.
Current view (Google maps)
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
The landscape: roads and property’s boundaries HISTORICAL PLAN - 1750
CURRENT STATE podere Doccioli
podere Doccioli lime furnace
North West way
North West way Trebbio villa
South West way Pianta della Fattoria e villa del Trebbio e de Poderi della Piazza di Cerreto e di Doccioli, 1750 ca. (ASF, Fondo della Corporazioni religiose soppresse dal governo francese, 136, N. 143/II).
Trebbio villa
South West way Current orthophoto from Googlemaps, with historical overlapping (Google maps).
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
The landscape: crops details HISTORICAL MAP
CURRENT STATE Oak forest (Pod. Piazza)
PODERE DOCCIOLI
old corn field, now wood
corn field
lime furnace
cultivated fields (vineyard, olive trees and fruit trees)
TREBBIO VILLA
PODERE PIAZZA
TREBBIO VILLA
vineyard
vineyard
Trebbio old vineyard, now cultivated with other crops
PODERE CERRETO vineyard cultivated fields (vineyard, olive trees)
Cerreto old vineyard, now wood
cultivated fields vineyard (vineyard, olive trees and fruit trees) cultivated field cultivated field vineyard
Trebbio farm and villa, and Poderi della Piazza di Cerreto e di Doccioli plan (da Fondo della Corporazioni religiose soppresse dal governo francese, 1770).
Cerreto old vineyard, now wood
Current state orthophoto, with 1770 permanencies.
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
The landscape: land management HISTORICAL CADASTRAL - 1830
CURRENT STATE
Historical cadastral - 1832 (ASF, ComunitĂ di S. Piero a Sieve, sez. C., c. 8).
Ortofoto attuale da Googlemaps, orientata (Google maps).
Constituent elements in 1830 ca - land management: The limits of the funds remained unchanged compared to the historical map of the previous century. The properties of the various farms and of the furnace building are still clearly distinguished.
Current constituent elements - land management: From the overlapping between the limits of Trebbio farm of the cadastral plant of 1832, we can still clearly distinguish the cultivated fields and some wooded parts that seem to have spread also in the southern part of Trebbio road, once just cultivated . Even the structure of the land has remained generally unchanged over the last century.
WRL INITIATIVE - RURAL LANDSCAPE AND ESTATES - Milan, 22nd March 2018 Villa, garden, landscape: the medicean villas’ system in Tuscany Phd student: Virginia Neri - University of Florence-Department of Architecture-PhD in Structures and Conservation of Architecture and Cultural Heritage
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