, Ĺ‹ Ĺ‹ - -#( )Ĺ‹ ,#.# Ĺ‹- (. ( #
Ä ÄƒĹ? Ĺ? Ĺ? Ĺ?Ä‚Ä€Ä Ä
Ĺ? +. Ĺ?
.-2("#1 ĹŠ04#ĹŠ#+ĹŠ !1(,#-ĹŠ2#ĹŠ!.,#3(¢Ŋ .2ĹŠ'().2 2#2(- ".2ĹŠ !.-ĹŠ/1#,#"(3 Äą Ĺ—ĹŠĹŠ ĹŠ "( ĹŠ #5(2ĹŠ .-1.8ĹŠ 13(9ĔŊ+#ĹŠ !(¢-ĹŠ8ĹŠ +#5.2~ ĔŊ ' -ĹŠ 2#2(- ".ĹŠ ĹŠ".2ĹŠ"#ĹŠ242ĹŠ2#(2ĹŠ '().2Ä–ĹŠ -3'.-8ĹŠ ¢,4+.ĹŠ #!#11 ĹŠ + ĹŠ/#- ĹŠ"# (¢Ŋ2#1ĹŠ .-1.8ĔŊ"#ĹŠÄˆÄ’ĹŠ  .2ĔŊ$4#ĹŠ5(!3(, ".ĹŠ #+ŊĉĊŊ"#ĹŠ2#/3(#, 1#ĹŠ"#ŊĉććĒŊ!.-ĹŠ ,~-(,.ŊĉćŊ  .2ĹŠ 4-ĹŠ"(2/ 1.ĹŠ#-ĹŠ#+ĹŠ3¢1 7ĔŊ,(#-31 2ĹŠ2#ĹŠ #-!.-31 ĹŠ2#-3 ".ĹŠ#-ĹŠ+ ĹŠ#204(- ĹŠ"#ĹŠ "#ĹŠ!;1!#+Ä“ + ĹŠ 5#-(" ĹŠ +.8ĹŠ +$ 1.ĹŠ8ĹŠ! ++#ĹŠ 4(3.ĔŊ
>WijW Z_Wh_e BW >ehW bb[]ÂŒ DW# Z_W B[l_i Cedheo Ehj_p" gk_[d Z[dkdY_ÂŒ de [ijWh Z[ WYk[hZe Yed bW i[dj[dY_W Z[ i[_i W‹ei Z[ fh_i_ÂŒd gk[ i[ b[ ^W Wfb_YWZe W ;YkWZeh :Wd_be 7XWZ LWbl[hZ[" feh [b Wi[i_dWje W ik ^_`e xh_Yi# ied @ei_cWh 8[Y[hhW Cedheo$ BW cWc| Z[ bW l‡Yj_cW Yh_j_YW [b \Wbbe Z[b Jh_XkdWb I[]kdZe Z[ =WhWdj‡Wi F[dWb[i Z[ ;ic[hWb# ZWi" fk[i" Yedi_Z[hW gk[ [b Yh_# c_dWb WYjkÂŒ Yed fh[c[Z_jWY_ÂŒd o Wb[lei‡W" ^[Y^e eYkhh_Ze [b '* Z[ cWhpe Z[ (&'&" Wfhen_cWZW# c[dj[ W bWi ((0)&$ Æ;b j_fe i_]k_ÂŒ W c_ ^_`e Wb iW# b_h Z[ kdW Z_iYej[YW" ^WijW gk[ bb[]ÂŒ W bW Ăˆ9Wbb[ .É" [d bW H_YWkhj[ [djh[ bWi Wl[d_ZWi 9ebÂŒd o ;beo 7b\Whe" ZedZ[ fh_c[he b[ Wi[ijÂŒ kd Z_ifWhe o Wb YW[h Wb f_ie be h[# cWjÂŒ Yed ejhe j_he [d bW YWX[pW" be gk[ b[ fheleYÂŒ bW ck[hj[Ç" Z_`e bW fhe][d_jehW Z[b \Wbb[Y_Ze$ #"4!#-ĹŠ/#-
;b Jh_XkdWb I[]kdZe Z[ =W# hWdj‡Wi F[dWb[i Z[ ;ic[hWbZWi Z[ifkƒi Z[b fheY[ie `kZ_Y_Wb [ijWXb[Y[ gk[ ;YkWZeh :Wd_be 7XWZ LWbl[hZ[ [i h[ifediWXb[ o YkbfWXb[ [d [b ]hWZe Z[ Wkjeh
ÄĽ ĹŠ 4Â #! ÄŚ #-! 1!#+ "
Ĺ—ĹŠĹŠĹŠ
Ŋ .,(!("(.Ŋ2(,Ĺ /+#Ŋ#2Ŋ 04#+Ŋ04#Ŋ 2#Ŋ!.,#3#Ŋ Ŋ$ +3 Ŋ "#Ŋ+ 2Ŋ!4 31.Ŋ %1 5 -3#2ĔŊ04#Ŋ 2.-ĖŊ/1#,#"(3Ĺ !(¢-ĔŊ +#5.2~ ĔŊ 5#-3 ) Ŋ8Ŋ31 Ĺ (!(¢-ē
ēŊ^1(!22.-ĹŠ .2(, 1ĹŠ #!#11 ĹŠ .-1.8ĔŊ$4#ĹŠ 2#2(- ".ĹŠ!.-ĹŠ".2ĹŠ"(2/ 1.2ĹŠ#-ĹŠ + ĹŠ! #9 ĔŊ#+ĹŠÄˆÄŒĹŠ"#ĹŠ, 19.ĹŠ"#ĹŠÄ‰Ä‡ÄˆÄ‡Ä“
Z[X_ƒdZei[ Z[iYedjWh [b j_[cfe gk[ ^W f[hcWd[Y_Ze Z[j[d_Ze$ /#+ 1
BW i[dj[dY_W \k[ Z_YjWZW [b ) Z[ cWoe Z[ (&''$ ;b Wi[i_dWje i[ Yec[j_Œ [b '* Z[ cWhpe Z[ (&'&$ ;YkWZeh :Wd_be 7XWZ LWbl[hZ[" \k[ Z[j[d_Ze [d i[fj_[cXh[ Z[ (&'&" feh heXe" f[he [n_ij‡W kdW Xeb[jW Z[ YWfjkhW feh Wi[i_dW# je" [c_j_ZW feh [b `k[p J[hY[he Z[ =WhWdj‡Wi F[dWb[i" EimWbZe =k[lWhW Ceh_bbe$
DWZ_W B[l_i Cedheo Ehj_p" WĂ’hcW gk[ Wf[bWh| bW i[dj[dY_W" fehgk[ Yedi_Z[hW gk[ de [i `ki# je gk[ kd Yh_c_dWb gk[ Z[X‡W i[h i[dj[dY_WZe c‡d_ce W (& W‹ei o c|n_ce W (+" i[ be i[dj[dY_ÂŒ W '& o gk[ feh ikfk[ijW Xk[dW YedZkYjW i[ bW h[Zk`e W , W‹ei Z[ fh_i_ÂŒd$ ÆLeo W bb[]Wh ^WijW bWi ‘bj_# cWi _dijWdY_Wi b[]Wb[i fWhW gk[ [b Wi[i_de Z[ c_ ^_`e h[Y_XW [b YWij_]e gk[ i[ c[h[Y[" fehgk[ be cWjÂŒ Yed fh[c[Z_jWY_ÂŒd o Wb[le# i‡WÇ" [nfh[iÂŒ Zeb_ZW cWZh[$
&Ĺ‹, - . Ĺ‹ '6-Ĺ‹& ,!) ;d [b h[Y_dje 9Wfkb‡" Z[ bW fW# hhegk_W 9^kckdZƒ" YWdjÂŒd H_e# l[hZ[" Wb dehj[ Z[ bW fhel_dY_W ;ic[hWbZWi" YkWjhe W][dj[i Z[ bW :_h[YY_ÂŒd DWY_edWb Z[ Feb_Y‡W ;i# f[Y_Wb_pWZW fWhW D_‹ei" D_‹Wi o 7Zeb[iY[dj[i :_dWf[d Yedi_Z[# hWd gk[ [b h[iYWjW Z[ kdW c[deh Z[ + W‹ei" [d [i[ i_j_e" [i [b fheY[# Z_c_[dje c|i bWh]e gk[ ^Wd h[Wb_# pWZe [d iki W‹ei Z[ i[hl_Y_e$ Bei kd_\ehcWZei iWb_[hed W bWi '&0&& Z[iZ[ ;ic[hWbZWi o h[]h[iWhed Wfhen_cWZWc[dj[ W bWi &)0&& Z[b Z‡W i_]k_[dj[" f[he Yed bW iWj_i\WYY_ÂŒd Z[ ^WX[h h[# Ykf[hWZe W bW d_‹W gk[ bW j[d‡W ik fWZh[ i_d [b Yedi[dj_c_[dje Z[ ik fhe][d_jehW$ BW c[deh ^WX‡W i_Ze hWfjWZW feh ik fWf|" fehgk[ bW cWc| de gk[h‡W Yedj_dkWh Yedl_l_[dZe Yed ƒb1 [bbW XkiYÂŒ bW WokZW Z[ bW :_dWf[d o bei W][dj[i bW h[Ykf[# hWhed" c_[djhWi gk[ bW i[‹ehW h[# ]h[iÂŒ cko Yedj[djW Yed ik ^_`W W IWdje :ec_d]e Z[ bei Ji|Y^_bWi" ZedZ[ [ij| hWZ_YW$ ." ĹŠ4- ĹŠ31 5#2~
Bei feb_Y‡Wi Z[ bW :_dWf[d fWhW
Ä ÄŠ
!.-5#12 -".ĹŠ!.-ĹŠ ,(%.2Ä“ (#-31 2ĹŠ04#ĹŠ^1(!22.-ĹŠ .2(, 1ĹŠ #!#11 ĹŠ .-1.8ĹŠ$4#ĹŠ 2#2(- ".ĹŠ !.-ĹŠ".2ĹŠ3(1.2ĹŠ#-ĹŠ+ ĹŠ! #9 ĔŊ#+ĹŠÄˆÄŒĹŠ"#ĹŠ , 19.ĹŠ"#ĹŠÄ‰Ä‡ÄˆÄ‡Ä”ĹŠ /1.7(, " ,#-3#ĹŠ ĹŠ + 2ŊĉĉĖĊćĔŊ+ ĹŠĹŠÄĽ ++#ŊđČĔŊ#-ĹŠ+ ĹŠ (! 413#ĹŠ #-31#ĹŠ+ 2ĹŠ 5#-(" 2ĹŠ .+¢-ĹŠ8ĹŠ +.8ĹŠ +$ 1.Ä“
.2Ŋ)¢5#-#2Ŋ#1 -Ŋ'().2Ŋ"#Ŋ^1(!2Ĺ 2.-Ŋ #!#11 Ŋ 04#1.Ŋ8Ŋ "( Ŋ #5(2Ŋ .-1.8Ŋ 13(9ēŊ 4 -".Ŋ, 3 1.-Ŋ Ŋ ^1(!22.-Ŋ .2(, 1Ŋ'().Ŋ04#Ŋ/1.!1#¢Ŋ !.-Ŋ +% Ŋ .11#2ĔŊ1#!(_-Ŋ3#-~ Ŋ".2Ŋ ,#2#2Ŋ"#Ŋ- !(".ē
Z[b Z[b_je Z[ ^ec_Y_Z_e i_cfb[ W xh_Yiied @ei_cWh 8[Y[hhW Ced# heo$ ;b Z[b_je i[ [dYk[djhW j_f_Ă’# YWZe o iWdY_edWZe [d [b Whj‡Ykbe **/ Z[b 9ÂŒZ_]e Z[ FheY[Z_c_[d# je F[dWb" Yedi[Yk[dj[c[dj[ i[ b[ _cfed[ bW f[dW Z[ h[Ybki_ÂŒd cWoeh ehZ_dWh_W Z[ '& W‹ei$ I_d [cXWh]e" Z[X_Ze W gk[ i[ b[ ^W h[YedeY_Ze bWi Y_hYkdijWd# Y_Wi Wj[dkWdj[i Z[ de i[h kd _d# Z_l_Zke f[b_]heie o Z[ [nY[b[dj[ YedZkYjW" i[ ceZ_Ă’YW bW f[dW W i[_i W‹ei Z[ h[Ybki_ÂŒd cWoeh" gk[ bW Z[X[ Ykcfb_h [d bW Y|h# Y[b Z[ lWhed[i Z[ ;ic[hWbZWi"
C_[djhWi [b YWZ|l[h Z[b [n\kjXeb_ijW [ic[hWbZ[‹e" CWhYei HebWdZe FWZ_bbW Fh[# Y_WZe" i[ [dYk[djhW i[fkbjWZe [d [b Y[c[dj[h_e Z[b YWdjÂŒd Gk_d_dZƒ" ik [nYedl_l_[dj[ YedeY_ZW Yece ĂˆBW Ck‹[YWÉ" gk_[d i[h‡W bW fh[ikdjW Wi[i_# dW" [ij| Z[j[d_ZW [d bW Y|hY[b Z[ ck`[h[i Z[ ;ic[hWbZWi$ ;b [nZ[fehj_ijW ckh_ÂŒ bW jWhZ[ Z[b bkd[i Wdj[h_eh W YWkiW Z[ kdW fk‹WbWZW gk[ h[Y_X_ÂŒ [d [b YeijWZe Z[h[Y^e Z[b jÂŒhWn" gk[ i[ bW ^WXh‡W Wi[ijWZe bW W^ehW Z[j[d_ZW Yed gk_[d bW l‡Yj_cW fheYh[ÂŒ Zei ^_`ei$
.ĹŠ' 8 1#24+3 ".2
Ĺ—ĹŠĹŠĹŠ
F[i[ W gk[ bW Feb_YÂ&#x2021;W _d\eh# cÂ&#x152; gk[ kd ]hkfe [if[Y_Wb Z[ W][dj[i gk[ l_de Z[iZ[ Gk_je _dl[ij_]W bWi ck[hj[i Z[ bei Zei YedZkYjeh[i Wi[i_dWZei W j_hei [d bW Y_kZWZ ;ic[hWbZWi" ^WijW bW fh[i[dj[ \[Y^W de ^Wo h[ikbjWZei Z[ bWi _dl[ij_]W# Y_ed[i$ BW fh_cWhW lÂ&#x2021;Yj_cW \k[ @eiÂ&#x192; <hWdY_iYe PWcXhWde L[hW" Z[ )+ WÂ&#x2039;ei" gk_[d \k[ ^WbbW# Ze ck[hje [d bW [djhWZW Wb h[Y_dje CÂ&#x2018;j_b[" Yed kd j_he [d bW YWX[pW" c_[djhWi gk[ I[h]_e MWi^_d]jed FWhhW LÂ&#x192;b[p" Z[ ). WÂ&#x2039;ei" \k[ [dYedjhWZe i_d l_ZW Yed kd XWbWpe [d bW YWX[pW [d bW YWhh[j[hW IWd CWj[e#;ic[hWbZWi$
(#11 -ĹŠ-#%.!(. /.1ĹŠ"#+(-!4#-3#2
Ĺ&#x2014;ĹŠ ĹŠĹŠFWhW [l_jWhi[ _dYedl[d_[d# j[i Yed Z[b_dYk[dj[i gk[ ef[# hWd [d [b lWbb[ IWd HW\W[b" ikh Z[ bW Y_kZWZ ;ic[hWbZWi" bei fhef_[jWh_ei Z[ kdW fWdWZ[hÂ&#x2021;W gk[ [b Ă&#x2019;d i[ i[cWdW \k[hed l_Yj_cWi Z[ bei ^Wcfed[i" Z[Y_Z_[hed Y[hhWh [b d[]eY_e$ ;b Zec_d]e Wdj[h_eh [d ^ehWi Z[ bW jWhZ[ kd Z[b_dYk[dj[ gk[ Wb fWh[Y[h WdZWXW XW`e [b [\[Yje Z[ Wb]kdW Zhe]W o fehjWXW kd YkY^_bbe [d bW Y_djkhW" _dikbjÂ&#x152; W bW Zk[Â&#x2039;W Z[ bW fWdWZ[hÂ&#x2021;W fWhW gk[ b[ Z_[hW fWd[i o Z_d[he i_de gk[hÂ&#x2021;W gk[ bW cWjWhW$ =hWY_Wi W bW WYY_Â&#x152;d Z[ bei l[Y_dei [b j_fe \k[ Z[j[d_Ze o [djh[]WZe W bW Feb_YÂ&#x2021;W$
Ä&#x201C;ĹŠ ĹŠ,(2(¢-ĹŠ/1(-!(/ +ĹŠ"#ĹŠ+.2ĹŠ %#-3#2ĹŠ"#ĹŠ+ ĹŠ (- /#-ĹŠ#2ĹŠ5#+ 1ĹŠ/.1ĹŠ#+ĹŠ (#-#23 1ĹŠ"#ĹŠ+.2ĹŠ-( .2Ä&#x201D;ĹŠ-( 2ĹŠ8ĹŠ ".+#2!#-3#2Ä&#x201C;
Ykcfb_h Yed ik eX`[j_le h[Ykf[# hWh bW d_Â&#x2039;W bb[]Whed [d kd fW# jhkbb[he ^WijW bW fWhhegk_W 9^k# ckdZÂ&#x192;" Z[ WbbÂ&#x2021; [cfh[dZ_[hed l_W`[ hÂ&#x2021;e Whh_XW [d kdW bWdY^W feh c|i Z[ Y_dYe ^ehWi$ Ă&#x2020;<k[ jeZW kdW jhWl[iÂ&#x2021;W" [d eYWi_ed[i jkl_cei gk[ [cfk#
`Wh bW bWdY^W fehgk[ [b hÂ&#x2021;e [ijW# XW i[Ye1 Wb bb[]Wh Wb j_[hhW Ă&#x2019;hc[ dei jeYÂ&#x152; YWc_dWh Wb]kdWi ^ehW cedjWÂ&#x2039;W WZ[djhe" f[he Wb Ă&#x2019;dWb h[Ykf[hWcei W bW d_Â&#x2039;W o i[ bW [d# jh[]Wcei W ik cWc|Ă&#x2021;" _d\ehcÂ&#x152; Bk_i De]Wb[i LWb[dY_W" W][dj[ Z[ bW :_dWf[d gk[ fWhj_Y_fÂ&#x152; [d
[b h[iYWj[$ :[ifkÂ&#x192;i Z[ jeZei bei eXij|# Ykbei feh bei gk[ fWiWhed bei feb_YÂ&#x2021;Wi [d 9^kckdZÂ&#x192;" [d ik h[# jehde W bW Y_kZWZ ;ic[hWbZWi jk# l_[hed kdW Wl[hÂ&#x2021;W [d [b fWjhkbb[# he" be gk[ ^_pe h[jhWiWh bW c_i_Â&#x152;d gk[ bW Ykcfb_[hed cko X_[d$