01 TWO DOMES
ARCH2102 Design IV - Integrative Design / Spring 2022
Instructor: Katharina Kral
The proposed project site is in Seneca Falls, New York, a historically significant location known as the birthplace of the women’s rights movement and situated along a branch of the Erie Canal. The town has experienced a population decrease of -9.37%, largely due to the outmigration of young residents. To create new opportunities for community gatherings, the proposed community library aims to weave together ancient memories and modern experiences.
The community library design incorporates two distinct structural systems: a traditional brick dome and a free-form brick vault. The library programs are visualized as a series of brick domes arranged in the plan configuration, with the free-form brick vault serving as a bridge connecting different programs and as the primary medium for book collections. The form-finding and structural detailing process is informed by environmental performance analysis, with a focus on passive design strategies to maximize the thermal performance of the brick material and dome form. Overall, the community library design aims to honor Seneca Falls’ history while providing a modern space for learning and gathering.
Orientation, function, and connection
Study models for brick vault’s form-finding (Clay, paper, and 3D-print resin)
“Two domes” in sketches and model-making
The roof orientation is switched from southwestern to northeastern to obtain consistent and diffuse daylight.
Southwestern facades will still be the best location to place PV panels.
PV panels are designed as an additional layer on the facing brick. The density of PV panels will vary based on the orientation. southwestern facades will have more PV Panels.
N PLAN 80 FT 40 60 20 1/16’’ = 1’0’’ PFALLST PFALL ST PBOUE DR PBOUE DR PTRINITYLN PUBLIC ENTRANCE (FIRST FLOOR) PUBLIC-COMMUNITY PLAZA OUTDOOR CLASSROOM COMMUNITY ENTRANCE (FIRST FLOOR) COMMUNITY ENTRANCE (SECOND FLOOR) PV PANEL ARRANGEMENT MAINLY TOWARDS SOUTHWEST PUBLIC ENTRANCE (FIRST FLOOR) CAYUGA ST
PUBLIC ENTRANCE (FIRST FLOOR) OUTDOOR CLASSROOM COMMUNITY ENTRANCE (FIRST FLOOR) COMMUNITY ENTRANCE (SECOND FLOOR) PV PANEL ARRANGEMENT MAINLY TOWARDS SOUTHWEST PUBLIC ENTRANCE (FIRST FLOOR) S N SOUTHERN/NORTHERN PV PANEL SKYLIGHT DETAILED SECTION FACING BRICK INSULATED GLASS RETAINING ANGLE SANTOPRENE GASKET CONDENSATE GUTTER CURB FLASHING INSULATION (ROCKWOOL) RECYLING BRICK BRICK WITH PV PANEL FACING BRICK RECYLING BRICK BRICK WITH PV PANEL S S N SOUTHERN/NORTHERN PV PANEL SKYLIGHT DETAILED SECTION DYNAMIC SHADING FIXED SHADING FACING BRICK INSULATED GLASS RETAINING ANGLE SANTOPRENE GASKET CONDENSATE GUTTER CURB FLASHING INSULATION (ROCKWOOL) RECYLING BRICK BRICK WITH PV PANEL LIMITED OPENING SIZE FACING BRICK RECYLING BRICK BRICK WITH PV PANEL
PBOUE DR
PASSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN STRATEGIES (SUMMER) 2-B 2-A 2-D 2-C NE NE SW NE 2-A 2-B 1-B 1-C 1-A 3-A 3-B PASSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN STRATEGIES (WINTER) 3-A 4-B 4-A 2-D 2-C 3-B 1-A The arch shape provides a natural curve for collecting water from the top to the drainage at the bottom of the column. 1-B The valley between brick cones also serves as the gutter for collecting water to the drainage at the bottom of the column. 1-A The valley between brick cones and the its curve shape could reduce the wind speed from northeastern. 2-A Sunlight through the low-E glazing system became one of the main solar gain sources. 2-B The vault space underneath provides a natural semi-closed space for hot air circulating and storing. 2-C Brick serves as a great thermal mass material for storing heat during the winter daytime. 2-D
night,
will
by the brick.
collected
reused for sanitary de-
2-A The brick shell shape a curve surface for cold wind. 2-B The operable skylight could release the hot during the summer. 2-C Brick serves as a mass material for heat during the summer. 2-D At summer night, removed by the natural 3-A The fixed shading could prevent over-heating during the summer. 3-B The dynamic shading could prevent over-heating during the summer. 3-A Skylights are all towards northeast to obtain and diffused daylight. facing brick 3-B The PV panel system mainly installed towards southwest to obtain. 4-A The sunlight through window became one main solar gain resources during the winter. 4-B The dynamic shading could allow sunlight through to provide during the winter.
SITE
OVERALL PERFORMANCE increased by 9.7% OVERALL PERFORMANCE increased by 18.8% MOST SUITBLE SURFACE PERFORMANCE increased by 11.0%
At winter
heat
be relased
1-C Rainwater could be
and
mands.
SOLAR FORM FINDING & RADIATION APPLICATION
PLAN
10 40 FT 20 N 1/8” = 1’0 FIRST FLOOR PLAN 30 1. 2. 11. 10. 8. 9. 3. 12. 13. 13. 13. 4. 7. 6. 5 1. PRIVATE STUDY SPACE 2. LECTURE HALL 3. CONFERENCE ROOM 4. OFFICE 5. BREAKOUT ROOM 6. KITCHENETTE 7. WRITER SPACE 8. LOBBY 9. FIRST AID 10. STORAGE 11. MULTIUSE CLASSROOM 12. OUTDOOR CLASSROOM 13. RESTROOM 14. ADA RESTROOM 14. 14. 2. 1. 3. A A C-1 C-2 B D D B B D B LONG SECTION
To create a well-daylight space (illuminance target:800-1800), southern opening size need to reduced and northern openings need to be large. Original large, eye-level wiindow is reduced and move up. It could avoid more direct sunlight for improving both UDI and glare.Adding fixed shading on arch windows; Adding dynamic shading on rectangular windows(for different program demands).
40 FT 20 30 10 40 FT 20 N 1/8” = 1’0 FIRST FLOOR PLAN SECOND FLOOR PLAN CONFERENCE ROOM 10 OFFICE MULTI-USECLASSROOM DIGITALCOMMON 30 STUDYPRIVATEPLACE MECHANICALSPACE MECHANICALSPACE OFFICE WRITERSPACE CO-WORKINGSPACE CHILDRENPROGRAM 1. READING SPACE 2. MULTIUSE CLASSROOM 3. CO-WORKING SPACE 2. 1. 1. 1. 1. 3. A A A C-1 C-2 B D D B TOTAL OCCUPANCY LOAD:145 REQUIRED EGRESS NUMBER: 2 REQUIRED EGRESS STAIR SIZING:43 IN SECOND FLOOR ACTUAL EGRESS NUMBER: 2 ACTUAL EGRESS STAIR SIZING:44IN ACTUAL EGRESS NUMBER: 4 ACTUAL EGRESS STAIR SIZING:44IN TOTAL OCCUPANCY LOAD:28 REQUIRED EGRESS NUMBER: 2 REQUIRED EGRESS RAMP SIZING:44 IN FENESTRATION / SHADING SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION
Southwestern facade (base case) Southwestern facade (iteration #1) Southwestern facade (iteration #2) BASE CASE #0 ITERATION #1
1-A
1-A
The arch shape provides a natural curve for collecting water from the top to the drainage at the bottom of the column.
The arch shape provides a natural curve for collecting water from the top to the drainage at the bottom of the column.
1-B
1-B
The valley between brick cones also serves as the gutter for collecting water to the drainage at the bottom of the column.
The valley between brick cones also serves as the gutter for collecting water to the drainage at the bottom of the column.
1-C
1-C
Rainwater could be collected and reused for sanitary demands.
Rainwater could be collected and reused for sanitary demands.
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES (SUMMER)
1-A
The valley between brick cones and the its curve shape could reduce the wind speed from northeastern.
1-A The valley between brick cones and the its curve shape could reduce the wind speed from northeastern.
2-A
Sunlight through the low-E glazing system became one of the main solar gain sources.
2-A Sunlight through the low-E glazing system became one of the main solar gain sources.
2-B
2-B
The vault space underneath provides a natural semi-closed space for hot air circulating and storing.
The vault space underneath provides a natural semi-closed space for hot air circulating and storing.
2-C
2-C
Brick serves as a great thermal mass material for storing heat during the winter daytime.
Brick serves as a great thermal mass material for storing heat during the winter daytime.
2-D
At winter night, heat will be relased by the brick.
2-D At winter night, heat will be relased by the brick.
PASSIVE DESIGN STRATEGIES (WINTER)
2-B 2-A 2-D 2-C NE SW NE NE 2-A 2-B 1-B 1-C 1-A 1-A 3-A 2-D 2-C
2-B 2-A 2-D 2-C NE SW NE NE 2-A 2-B 1-B 1-C 1-A 1-A 3-A 2-D 2-C
facing brick
facing brick
2-A
2-A
SKYLIGHT DETAILING OPTIMIZATION
BASE CASE #0
The brick shell shape provides a curve surface for introducing cold wind.
The brick shell shape provides a curve surface for introducing cold wind.
2-B
External Temperature: -10ºC
2-B The operable skylight system could release the hot wind during the summer.
The operable skylight system could release the hot wind during the summer.
2-C
2-C
The steel angle and frame create the thermal bridge since it crossed through the inside and outside.
INSULATED GLASS RETAINING ANGLE
Brick serves as a great thermal mass material for releasing heat during the summer.
Brick serves as a great thermal mass material for releasing heat during the summer.
CURB FRAME CURB FLASHING
Due to the continuous connection between the curb and the insulation layer, the PSI value has a mediocre performance.
2-D
At summer night, heat will be removed by the natural wind.
2-D At summer night, heat will be removed by the natural wind.
Facade U-Value = 0.716 W/(m2K)
Roof U-Value = 0.466 W/(m2K)
Corner PSI-Value = 0.390 W/(mK)
3-A
The fixed shading system could prevent over-heating during the summer.
3-A The fixed shading system could prevent over-heating during the summer.
3-B
3-B
The dynamic shading system could prevent over-heating during the summer.
The dynamic shading system could prevent over-heating during the summer.
Temperature Performance
3-A
3-A
ITERATION #1
thermal bridge
Heat Flux Performance
Skylights are all towards the northeast to obtain consistent and diffused daylight.
Skylights are all towards the northeast to obtain consistent and diffused daylight.
3-B
3-B
Internal Temperature: 20ºC
External Temperature: -10ºC
The PV panel system are mainly installed towards the southwest to obtain.
The PV panel system are mainly installed towards the southwest to obtain.
4-A
4-A
By adding the gasket and continuous curb, the skylight was lifted up, and the steel was blocked outside by the new continuous curb, so the thermal bridge is reduced.
The sunlight through the window became one of the main solar gain resources during the winter.
The sunlight through the window became one of the main solar gain resources during the winter.
4-B
4-B
Facade U-Value = 0.248 W/(m2K)
Roof U-Value = 0.466 W/(m2K)
The dynamic shading system could allow sunlight to come through to provide solar power during the winter.
The dynamic shading system could allow sunlight to come through to provide solar power during the winter.
Corner PSI-Value = 0.097 W/(mK) (Reduced by 75.1%)
Temperature Performance
Heat Flux Performance
SW NE SW SW 3-A 3-B 4-B 4-A 3-B
SW NE SW SW 3-A 3-B 4-B 4-A 3-B
INSULATION STRUCTURE BRICK FACING BRICK RETAINING ANGLE FASTENER INSULATED GLASS RETAINING ANGLE CURB FRAME CURB FLASHING INSULATION STRUCTURE BRICK FACING BRICK RETAINING ANGLE FASTENER INSULATED GLASS RETAINING ANGLE SANTOPRENE GASKET CURB FRAME CURB FLASHING INSULATION STRUCTURE BRICK FACING BRICK RETAINING ANGLE FASTENER Internal Temperature: 20ºC
Structure System Diagram
SKYLIGHT SYSTEM PV PANEL SYSTEM FACING BRICK (NEW +LOCAL RECYLED) TRIPLE GLAZED SKYLIGHT BRICK UNIT WOOD FACADE STRUCUTRAL BRICK + WOOD FRAME RAILING/BOOKSHELF ADA RAMP WOOD FRAME + STEEL FRAME BRICK SHELL & GROUND BRICK SHELL DETAILED SECTION BRICK CONE / BRICK SHELL LOAD PATH DIAGRAM RAILING/BOOKSHELF ELEVATION SOUTHERN/NORTHERN FACADE S N S N SOUTHERN/NORTHERN PV PANEL SKYLIGHT DETAILED SECTION STRUCTURAL BRICK + TILE FOOTING BRICK CONE/BRICK SHEEL(CONCRETE) 15MM JOINT WOOD BOOKSHELF SPACING 16”(HEIGHT) SPACING 48”(WIDTH) DYNAMIC SHADING RETAINING ANGLE FLASHING INSULATION (ROCKWOOL) RECYLING BRICK NO FIXED SHADING
1
1 SKYLIGHT
2 BRICK CONE (FACADE)
3 BRICK CONE (ARCH)
4 WOOD FACADE (GLAZING SYSTEM)
5 WOOD FACADE (SLIDING DOOR)
6 FACADE-BRICKSHELL CONNECTION
7 BRICK SHELL (INTERIOR FINISHES)
8 BRICK SHELL (STRUCUTURAL LAYERS)
9 BRICK SHELL (EXTERIOR FINISHES)
10 GROUND
11 FOOTING (BASEMENT)
12 FOOTING (BRICK SHELL)
INSULATED GLASS ALUM. RETAINING ANGLE CONDENSATE GUTTER CURB FRAME FASTENER
100MM/200MM/70MM STRUCTUAL BRICK 1650MM SOFT INSULATION (ROCKWOOL) VAPER BARRIER RETAINING ANGLE BITUMEN 100MM/200MM/70MM RECYCLING BRICK
100MM/200MM/70MM STRUCTUAL BRICK 1650MM SOFT INSULATION (ROCKWOOL) 100MM/200MM/70MM RECYCLING FACING BRICK GUTTER
LOW-E TRIPLE GLAZING SYSTEM DYNAMIC SHADING(WOOD PANEL)
LIVINGWOOD LIFT AND SLIDE TIMBER DOORS (LEVEL SYSTEM)
WOOD CURB THERMAL BREAK SYSTEM
1/2” BRICK TILE HEATING PIPE SCREED
1/2” BRICK TILE - 3/4” BRICK TILE SCREED HEATING PIPE RAMMED EARTH
1/2” BRICK TILE - 3/4” BRICK TILE SCREED HEATING PIPE RAMMED EARTH
3/4” BRICK TILE FINESAND FINE GRAVEL COARSE GRAVEL GEOTXTILE MAT
POROUS BOARDS COARSE GRAVEL DRAINAGE POROUS PIPE LEAN CONCRETE
POROUS BOARDS CONCRETE DRAINAGE LEAN CONCRETE
2 4 6 8 FT 1/2"- 1’0
2 4 5 6 7 8
11 3 2 6
10 12
10 12 DETAILED SECTION
INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE
PERSPECTIVE
02 HOUSE TRI
ARCH2101 DESIGN III - “LIGHTNESS” / Fall 2021
Instructor: Roz Barr
The design of the project explores the concept of “in-between” moments in our daily life, symbolized by the name “Tri,” which represents the transition between different states. This discourse of “tri-status” is evident in the transition between workplace and home, the creation of “personal corners” for the three family members, and the relationship between inhabitants and nature.
The project also places emphasis on the concept of “lightness,” achieved through optimized fenestration strategies and facade materials choices that balance light performance and privacy. By carefully considering the balance between light and privacy, the design aims to create a harmonious and inviting space that is both functional and aesthetically pleasing.
Located in Ithaca, New York, the “House Tri” project is a residential housing project designed for a family consisting of a man, a child, and a dog. The project aims to create a space that functions as both a public workshop and private residence for the client, a work-at-home carpenter.
Wood in texture, construction, and environment.
Study models of the threshold
Concept Diagram of material and fenestration, and its application in model-making.
EAST
WEST/
ELEVATIONS ISOMETRIC VIEW
2 1 0 4 3 5 M 1. 2. 4. 3. GROUND FLOOR PLAN
SHORT SECTION
LONG SECTION LONG ELEVATION
Tri-relationship between inhabitants and nature.
03 MESHES
ARCH3101 DESIGN V - “PUBLIC | SERVICE” / Fall 2022
Instructor: Sydney Maubert
This project seeks to challenge the Lincoln Center, a symbolic space of power and authority, by reconstructing the abandoned areas between its enormous constructions. By questioning whether the gigantism of architecture serves culture or authority itself, the design aims to reconstruct the space in a way that brings back the potential San Juan Hill culture and the neighborhood’s sense of place.
The design incorporates a timber-mesh construction as a threshold that intrudes into Lincoln Center. By rearranging the space’s vertical and horizontal divisions, the reconstruction aims to reconcile the enormous scales of Lincoln Center. The timber frame systems serve as the foundational approach for a dynamic threshold, while the meshes serve as a public medium for displaying the neighborhood’s artworks, propaganda, and statements. Through the deconstruction and reversal of spatial and political relationships, this project aims to explore the potential of architecture as a form of undemonstrative rebellion.
(late 19th century- 1950s)
SITE ANALYSIS
NYC African American Migration Patterns in the 20th Century(Center).
SAN JUAN HILL
GREENWICH VILLAGE
HARLEM Abandoned Spaces in Lincoln Center and Amsterdam House(Left & Right).
ISOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE & CIRCULATION To Lincoln Center From W 64TH ST From Amsterdam House SITE PLAN MetropolitanOpheraHouse Amsterdam Ave. forNewYorkPublicLibrary PerformingArts and LincolnCenterTheater ofFiorelloH.LaGuardiaHighSchool Music&ArtandPerformingArts ART LIFE MARKETPLACE PERFROMANCE STAGE “THRESHOLD” DabidSamuelB.andBuildingRose IreneTheJuilliardSchoolDiamondBuilding DamroschPark
ELEVATION (From Amsterdam Ave)
SPACE DIVISION
From building-scale to human-scale
SPACE REUTILIZATION
Redesign “abandoned” spaces like rooftop and building gaps
PERFROMANCE
New York Public Library for Performing Arts and Lincoln Center Theater
SPACE
<Samuel B. and Dabid Rose Building
SKIN OF SPACE
Architecture as public art / statement / propaganda ...
CIRCULATION
From both sides of Amsterdam Ave
&
THRESHOLD
GALLERY CONTINUOUS MARKETPLACE
“ W 64TH. ST”
Metropolitan Ophera House -> Damrosch Park
TYPICAL PLAN
A B A B ENTRANCE 01 482 FT
1. Continuous Market Place
2. Liftable Stage
3. Welcome Center
4. Bathroom
5. Threshold & Gallery
6. Rooftop Garden
7. Formal Performance Space
8. Rooftop Restaurant
9. City Balcony
10. Casual Performance Space
11. Rooftop Cafe
1.
3.
4.
6.
2.
C C 80 FT 60 40 20 1:200 E N T R A N C E 0 3 ENTRANCE 02
7. 8. 9.
5.
10. 11.
SECTION A-A Amstrerdam House Metropolitan Ophera House Continuous Market
SECTION C-C Performance Space
York
Continuous Market
Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School of Music & Art and Performing Arts New
Public Library for Performing Arts and Lincoln Center Theater
CONTINUOUS
SECTION B-B (“W 64TH. ST”)
MARKETPLACE
THE THRESHOLD URBAN ELEVATION
OTHER ROOF FACADE WINDOW
