2023 KWS Hybrid Rye Trial Booklet

2023 YIELD RESULTS HYBRID RYE

2023 - The year of 100 trials! Hybrid Rye tops yield trials in drought conditions.

Hybrid Rye represents a viable new forage option across the US.

The Year of 100 Trials.

Over the past several years, my challenge as the KWS Hybrid Rye Product Manager has been to grow our business by evaluating how our varieties perform regionally across the US. So, in the 2022-23 season I upped my game and planned to evaluate in 25 states with 100 individual trials. Most of this research is facilitated by and in collaboration with universities in those 25 states to expand our presence through regional variety trials. This helps us bring KWS Hybrid Rye's yield potential, adaptation, agronomic benefits and market fit directly to you. We want you to feel confident that when you choose our products, they have been fully evaluated to meet your needs.

What makes up those 100 trials? Inclusively, that is 9 breeder trials, 40 grain and 30 forage performance trials. We also have 21 agronomy trials (in collaboration with universities) in process and soon to be completed which include seeding rates, seeding dates, seed treatments, nitrogen rates, fungicide and PGR’s. It's exciting that new agronomic insights are coming which will bring our dealers and growers extensive best practice knowledge to produce top yielding KWS Hybrid Rye. We also partnered in sustainability research and with distillers to evaluate the characteristics of Hybrid Rye.

Overall, 2022-2023 was a great year for testing, even with challenging drought stress in many states like Minnesota, South Dakota, North Dakota, Nebraska, Texas, and Kansas, Hybrid Rye handled the harsh conditions well.

Inside this year’s yield results booklet, you will find “tons” of comparison data by state over multiple years. Also, make sure you read the individual location information, like the Amarillo, TX site. You will find useful information and insights as you consider growing KWS Hybrid Rye on your farm.

For more information on growing KWS Hybrid Rye, varieties, or to find your nearest dealer visit our website: www.kws-us.com.

Paul Gregor, Product Manager

Table of Contents

KWS Progas Overview

KWS Progas is our top performer for forage biomass, offering elite quality and nutrient digestibility. As an added bonus it is earlier maturing than other winter forages making it ideal for double cropping scenarios! This forage variety is a top choice for dairy producers and a favorite for inclusion in lactation diets.

KWS Propower Overview

KWS Propower is the top choice for cutting at milk stage, producing higher biomass and maintaining quality. KWS Propower is often a bit later maturing, reaching boot stage a few days later than KWS Progas. This forage variety is a top favorite for inclusion in feedlot, dry cow and heifer diets!

Variety Summary

KWS Aviator Overview

KWS Aviator is an exciting forage variety launched in 2022! It provides superior winter hardiness, and sets the new standard in early season vigor and growth. KWS Aviator also puts on a tremendous amount of late biomass giving forage growers more versatility.

KWS Receptor Overview

KWS Receptor is now commercially available! This variety was widely tested in 2022 and this years results simply confirm its performance. Wider adaptation as it moves south than KWS Tayo, makes it an excellent option for grain growers in midwestern states.

KWS Serafino Overview

KWS Serafino is our most broadly adapted variety across all soil types and environments. It provides the highest protection against ergot. It is no surprise that this variety consistently placed in the top end of all yield trials across the US. KWS Serafino is our top recommendation for first year Hybrid Rye growers!

KWS Tayo Overview

KWS Tayo topped yield trials in 2021 & 2022! This variety excels in high yield environments with uniform, medium type soils with better water holding capacity. While KWS Tayo may require a bit more management, this variety packs a punch when it hits the combine.

Forage Results

Our forage varieties, KWS Progas, KWS Propower, and KWS Aviator are known for their unique combination of tonnage and quality. If you are looking for the ultimate forage solution then look no further than KWS Hybrid Rye!

Trials Featured: Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Texas, Virginia and our US Forage Summary.

*all yields adjusted to a 35% DM yield

* a - denotes no data and that variety was not planted that year.

FORAGE QUALITY SUMMARY

FORAGE QUALITY SUMMARY

2023: Data was collected from Kansas and Texas to represent the South Central Region. There were 4 locations (Scandia, KS, Garden City, KS, Amarillo, TX, and Vernon, TX) from which 10 total forage samples were used for the summary of early cut and 10 total samples were used for the late cut quality summary. In the Northeast, data was collected from New York (Caldwell) where 2 samples were used to summarize early cut quality and 2 samples were used to summarize late cut quality. In the Mid-Atlantic region, 4 samples were collected from Kentucky and Virginia (Orange, VA and Lexington, KY) to represent early forage cut quality and 4 samples were collected from Kentucky and North Carolina (Lexington, KY and Rowan, NC) to represent late forage cut quality. Eight samples of forage were collected from South Dakota and Wisconsin (Beresford, SD, Montfort, WI, Dane, WI, Lake Geneva, WI, and Fennimore, WI) to represent the early cut from the Midwest Region. Three samples were collected from California and Idaho (Caldwell, ID and Huron, CA) to represent early cut forage quality of the Pacific Northwest. *Samples were analyzed at Dairyland Labs, Arcadia, WI.

2022: Data was collected from Kansas State University to represent the South Central Region. There were 3 locations (Hays, KS, Garden City, KS, and Scandia, KS) from which 9 forage samples were used for this summary for early cut and 9 samples were used for the late cut quality summary. In the Midatlantic region, data was collected from the University of Kentucky, Virginia Tech, and North Carolina State University (Lexington, KY, Orange, VA, Perquimans, NC, and Rowan, NC) where 4 samples were used to summarize early cut quality and 3 samples were used to summarize late cut quality. In the Northeast, data was collected from Cornell and Penn State University (Caldwell, NY and Rock Springs, PA) where 5 samples were used to summarize early cut quality and 3 samples were used to summarize late cut quality. Three samples of forage were collected from Beresford, SD by South Dakota State University to represent the Midwest Region. Data was collected from the University of Idaho in Rexburg, ID to represent the forage quality of the Pacific Northwest. Two forage samples were used for this summary. *Samples were analyzed at Dairyland Labs; Arcadia, WI.

COLORADO

Trial Highlights -

Location: Great Plains Research Station at Akron, CO

This location is non-irrigated, dry land.

Harvest Date - Early cut was harvested on May 27, 2021. Late cut was harvested on June 11, 2021.

IDAHO

2023 Idaho Forage Trial

Trial Highlights -

Location: Aberdeen & Kimberly, ID- University of Idaho Research and Extension Center

Aberdeen: This location was planted on September 29, 2022 and was irrigated. 40 lb P205/ac as monoammonium phosphate was Fall applied. Soil tests were taken in August of 2022. Spring freeze caused severe damage except on KWS Aviator and KWS Progas. 150 lb/ac of Nitrogen was applied in Spring. This site was harvested at boot stage.

Kimberly: This location was planted on October 7, 2022. 30 lb P205/ac as monoammonium phosphate and 55 lb N/ac as urea was Fall applied. Some plots were affected by gopher tunnels and the use of a rodenator. Soil test was conducted in October of 2022. Spring freeze caused severe damage except on KWS Aviator, KWS Progas and a triticale variety.

Trial was visited in late May and severe Spring freeze kill had taken out many cereals except the Hybrid Rye and triticale. Both of these trials were harvested at boot stage.

KANSAS

2022 - 2023 Kansas Forage Trials

Trial Highlights -

2023 Information:

Early cut was harvested at boot stage and late cut was harvested at soft dough stage. Varieties with zeros were planted, however resulted in no yield due to extreme environmental conditions.

Location: Scandia, KS - Hybrid Rye was planted on October 21, 2022. Fall applied 30 lbs/ac N as broadcast 28-0-0. This location had late seeding, but had good stands in April. This made for a small size going into Winter and slow Spring development due to drought conditions.

Location: Garden City, KS - Hybrid Rye was planted October 5, 2022 and location was irrigated. Hybrid Rye was planted into corn stalks from the previous year and made it un-uniform. 35 lbs N applied as UAN, 50 lbs 11-52-0 at planting. Irrigation was down for a bit, but yields are respectable.

Location: Hays, KS - The Hays location was planted on October 21, 2022. 11 lbs N and 20 lbs P applied in furrow at planting. This location experienced extreme drought, no germination in the Fall, minimal emergence in the Spring, very thin stand and just 1” of rain at heading.

2022 Information:

Location: Garden City, KS. This is irrigated land. The Hybrid Rye at this location was harvested on April 30, 2022 and June 2-6, 2022 for boot cut and soft dough respectively. Other cereals were harvested on May 6-11, 2022 and June 2, 2022. Garden City farm applied 60 lbs N as Urea.

Location: Hays, KS. This is non-irrigated dry land. All crops were planted September 27, 2021. Hybrid Rye was harvested on May 10-16, 2022 and June 8-16, 2022. Other cereals were harvested on May 14-24, 2022 and June 3, 2022. The Hays location was very dry early in the season and the data shows that KWS Aviator and KWS Propower outperformed the other cereals because of better water use efficiency. Some rain prior to milk cut helped final tonnage.

Location: Scandia, KS. This is non-irrigated dry land. Hybrid Rye was harvested on May 10, 2022 and June 7 2022. Other cereals

KENTUCKY

2023 Kentucky Forage Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Lexington, KY - Planted on October 6, 2022. 2, 4-D and Dicamba were applied on Nov. 9, 2022. Early cut (boot stage) was harvested on April 19, 2023 and late cut (milk stage) was harvested on May 18, 2023.

MICHIGAN

2022 - 2023 Michigan Forage Trials

Trial Highlights -

2023: Lansing, MI. Michigan State University Agronomy Farm. This is non-irrigated dry land. This was planted on September 27, 2022. Fall applied 200 lbs/ac each of 19-19-19 and 6-24-24 on November 12, 2022. 80 lbs N/ac Urea & 100 lbs/ac 21-0-0-S applied on April 3, 2022. All plot seed was treated with Avipel.

2022: Mason City, MI-Michigan State - Winter was not kind to triticale varieties which showed severe winter damage as compared to KWS Progas and KWS Propower. The ryes in the trials averaged 4” taller (3 – 12”) than the triticales in the trial. Very little lodging in this trial with very good yields.

September 18, 2021 - Fertilized 300 lbs/ac 19-19-19

September 19, 2021 - Seeded plots into prepped ground (Not cultipacked). Cultipacked with the rows after seeding

March 15, 2022 - Fertilized 100 lbs N as Urea.

Harvest Dates: There were 4 harvest dates based on maturity. Goal was to harvest at boot stage. Dates ranged from: 5/11 - 5/20.

NEW YORK

2021 - 2023 New York Forage Rye Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Cornell University - Caldwell, New York

2023: Planted on October 5, 2022. 200 lbs/ac 10-10-fee10 Fall applied. Around 55 lbs N with S/ac applied at green up. Harmony and Axial applied in Spring 2023. Early cut (flag stage) harvested between May 15 and 19, 2023. Late cut (milk stage) harvested on June 16, 2023.

2022: Planted on October 1, 2021. Top dressed with 60 lbs/ac N on April 14, 2022. Harmony and Axial herbicide blend applied on May 5, 2022. Some water and winter injury. Harvest Date - Early cut (flag leaf stage) was harvested on May 16, 2022 and late cut (milk stage) on June 10, 2022.

Trial Highlights -

2022 - 2023 North Carolina Forage Trials

2023: Location: North Piedmont Research Station in Salisbury, NC. Planting date on October 27, 2022. Visited on April 13 and stand was fantastic and very uniform. This was harvested at milk stage.

2022: Location: Rowan County location planted near the White Hat Seed Farm near New Hope, NC. Perquimans County location planted at the NCDA & CS Piedmont Research Station near Salisbury, NC Excellent forage trials at both location with harvest occurring around April 25, 2022. This was harvested at milk stage.

NORTH DAKOTA

2023 North Dakota Forage Trial

Trial Highlights -

Location: Carrington Research Center, Carrington, ND. Planted on September 21, 2023. This location was dry early but recovered from intermittent rains. Gardner and Aroostook were harvested on June 2, 2023. All other varieties were harvested on June 8, 2023.

PENNSYLVANIA

2020 - 2023 Pennsylvania Forage Rye Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location - Rock Springs, PA Research Station in conjunction with Penn State University

2023: Fall applied 350 lbs/ac of 00-00-60, 170 lbs/ac of 11-52-00 preplant. Planting date is September 23, 2022. When visited in early May it was just being harvested and the plots looked nice with high yields coming in.

2022: Trials are conducted at Russell E. Larson Agricultural Research Center at Rock Springs and/or the Southeast Research and Extension Center at Landisville.

This is non-irrigated dry land. All 2022 crops were planted October 15, 2021 and harvested at boot stage of growth. Cutting dates vary per forage. Excellent growing conditions.

SOUTH DAKOTA

2020 - 2023 South Dakota Forage Trials

Trial Highlights -

2023: Location: Beresford, SD SDSU Southeast Research Farm. Planted on October 3, 2022. 28/32/0/14 of N/P/K/S applied in the Fall. 82/0/0/0 of N/P/K/S applied in the Spring. South Dakota overall was extremely dry this year reducing the differences between varieties.

Location: Wagner, SD - This location was planted on Oct. 6, 2022 and the same amounts of fertilizer were applied. Poor stands from the drought led to decreased yields.

2022: Location: Beresford, SD - SDSU Southeast Research Farm

This is non-irrigated dry land. These varieties were harvested at boot stage.

Inputs: N = 110 lb/ac; S = 15 lb/ac; P&K as per soil test; Hybrid lines were seeded at 800,000 seeds/ac and OP rye lines and triticale at 1.2 million seeds per acre. Seeding Depth = 1” ; Yields were lower than expected because of the very hot and dry weather that occurred from the middle of June and lasted until the end of July with little or no precipitation.

TEXAS

2023

Texas Forage Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Vernon, TX, planted on October 12, 2022. Early cutting date (boot stage) was April 11, 2023. This was a very droughty location all season. Heading date was April 1, 2023. Due to the heat and drought a late cut did not take place.

Location: Bushland, TX - Texas A&M AgriLife Plots at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Research Center. Planted on October 31, 2022. Spring applied 70 lbs of N. 90% uniform emergence but fall growth very slow because of drough conditions. Transform was applied on April 27, 2023 at a rate of 1 oz/ac. Early cutting dates (boot stage) were staggered between May 1 and May 12. Late cutting dates (milk stage) were between June 12 and June 21.

From Dr. Jourdan Bell 2022-2023 Texas A&M AgriLife Small Grain Silage Trial at Bushland. "This season was marked by extreme drought (Fall 2022 – April 2023) and record rainfall (mid May 2023 – early June). As a result, yields of earlier maturing wheat varieties were significantly reduced. Also, Hybrid Rye varieties had intermmediate yield reduction not taking advantage of the later May rainfall. Later maturing triticale and rye varieties rebounded with timely rainfall and cooler temperatures. All varieties were harvested at boot and soft-dough by variety not the field average." (See rainfall table to the right)

Hybrid Rye Facts:

• Hybrid Rye has a very strong winter hardiness, standability and disease tolerance.

• Feeding studies on hogs and cattle have shown Hybrid Rye can easily replace a percentage of corn in the ration without a decrease in productivity.

• Hybrid Rye makes high quality straw.

• Good utilization of manure applied both in Autumn and Spring.

VIRGINIA

2020 - 2023 Virginia Forage Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Northern Piedmont Center, Orange, Virginia - Virginia Cooperative Extension 2023: Planted on October 19, 2022. Fall applied 30-100-30-10, plus 1lb Boron. 2qt/ac of Round Up applied as a pesticide. The plot was very uniform and cuttings were being made at proper times. A hard freeze occured in late March that affected some varieties. Progas and Aviator were very thick and lush. Spring applied 55 lbs N and Huskie Pesticide. This was planted into corn silage which resulted in some stand issues with corn residue and clumpy soils followed by a season of limited moisture reduced yields but still very uniform and respectable yields.

2022 Trial Highlights: Pre-plant fertilizer of 30-60-30 was applied on October 12, 2021. Plots were planted on Oct. 14, 2021. Nitrogen, as UAN, was applied at a rate of 50 lb of N per acre on February 11, and March 26. All plots were targeted for harvest when each entry reached the boot stage (GS 45-50).

Warm and dry conditions prevailed in the first two weeks of October 2021. Dry conditions persisted into December in many areas resulting in later planted fields showing delayed emergence. January and February were generally cold with rain and snow amounts of three to six inches in most places, yet abnormally dry conditions persisted over much of the state. Temperatures and rainfall were near normal in April.

Forage yield, over all entries in 2022, averaged 1.2 ton/ac less than forage yield in 2021. Crude protein was 14.4% in 2022 compared to 13.4 % last year. TDN values were 64.6% in 2022 and 60.8% in 2021. Overall, the Rye and Barley lines had the highest yield averages of 5.1 ton/ac and 5.0 ton/ac, respectively with KWS Progas (Hybrid Rye) producing the highest yield overall.

Grain Results

When it comes to Hybrid Rye grain, our varieties KWS Receptor, KWS Serafino and KWS Tayo have your back in all situations.

Trial Highlights: Colorado, Idaho, Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Virginia, Wisconsin

* a - denotes no data and that variety was not planted that year.

COLORADO

2021 - 2023 Colorado Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Great Plains Research Station at Akron, CO - This location is non-irrigated, dry land.

2023: Akron 1 was planted on September 29, 2022 and Akron 2 was planted on October 6, 2022. This location had excellent yields and good rainfall this year.

2021: Harvest Date: June 20, 2021

**Due to extreme drough tin Fall of 2021 with very little growth potential, the decision was made not to plant in Fall 2021 for 2022 harvest.

Trial Highlights -

Location: Aberdeen, ID - University of Idaho

Irrigated

2022: This location was planted adjacent to the winter wheat trials. Hybrid Rye had tremendous yield and out yielded the winter wheats.

Elevation: 4405 ft.

Soil Type: DeA Declo loam, 0-2% slopes

Previous Crop: Green Manure Oats

Planting Date: September 27, 2021

Harvest Dates: August 18, 2022

2021 - 2022 Idaho Grain Trials

2021 - 2023 Illinois Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Champaign, IL - KWS Trial Plots

2023: These plots were at the KWS Station and were the showcase plots that were toured. Planted on October 6, 2022. Harvested on July 12, 2023.

2022: Planting date: October 19, 2021

Harvest date: July 1, 2022

35 N+P, K applied on October 16, 2021, 90lbs of N applied on March 5, 2022, 25lbs of N applied on April 26, 2022.

IOWA

Trial Highlights -

These trials were conducted by the Practical Farmers of Iowa group. Only one location of data was submitted at the time of print for 2023.

2023: The Nashua location was planted on October 6, 2022. 0.43 in. of rain after seeding and emergence began on October 21, 2022. Seeding rates were between 41 lb/ac - 53 lb/ac on 7.5’ spacing. The previous crop was soybeans.

2022: All locations had good weather and yields. Kanawha location was at the ISU Northern Research Farm. The Nashua site was located on the ISU Northeast Research Farm ISU Ag Engineering and Agronomy Farm was the home for the Boone, IA location. Lastly, the Greenfield, IA location was the Southwest Research Farm,

2021 average includes: Kenawha, Nashua, Boone and Greenfield locations. 2020 average includes: Kenawha and Nashua locations.

KENTUCKY

2020 - 2023 Kentucky Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: University of Kentucky

2023: Princeton, KY - Plant date: October 9, 2022. Harvest date: June 23, 2023

Conventional tillage. 150 lbs K2O & 200 lbs DAP applied in the Fall. 40/60 lb N split applied in Spring. There was some early freeze damage that affected stem strength in certain varities resulting in lodging. Extended seed filling period which boosted yields. Axial XL for ryegrass control and Harmony Xtra & Warrior for spring weed/aphid control were applied as pesticides.

Waverly, KY - Plant date: October 10, 2022. Harvest date: July 6, 2023

35lbs of N+P and K was Fall applied. 50 lbs of N was Spring applied. After planting the germinating result was irregular because it was very dry. By November 1st the ground had gotten good rain with warm temperatures to help the crop recover and yield very good.

2022: Plant date: October 24, 2021. Harvest Date: June 27, 2022

This location experienced a hard spring freeze that resulted in head damage, yield loss and lodging which lowered the overall yield from previous years. Applied 0.5 ton/A of lime, and 100# of potash/A, and 150# of diammonium phosphate/A. 30/60 lb split application typically around March 1st/April 1st. Total 90 lb.

MARYLAND

Trial Highlights -

Location: University of Maryland

This site had severe storms in June and July with 50 mph winds and in two instances had over 2 inches of rain in less than 30 minutes.

MICHIGAN

Trial Highlights -

Location: Michigan State University

2023: Saignaw (SVREC) - Planted on October 1, 2022. This trial was visited in May and the Hybrid Rye was looking very promising and more lush than the winter wheat near it. 250 lb/ac 10-19-18 plus 7.7% Sulfur were Fall applied. Mason- Planted on September 30, 2022 and have 250 lb/ac 10-19-18 plus 7.7% Sulfur Fall applied.

2022: Mason: Planting date: September 19, 2021. Seeding rate: 800,000 seeds per acre. Harvest date: July 10, 2022

SVREC: Planting date: September 20, 2021, Harvest date: July 10, 2022. Seeding rate: 800,000 seeds per acre.

2022 - 2023 Michigan Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: University of Minnesota

2023: Crookston was planted on September 18, 2022. Becker: This location was planted on September 29, 2022. Location has limited irrigation, plots were uniform showing some signs of water stress. Lamberton was planted on September 28, 2022. LeCenter was planted on September 28, 2022 and location is non-irrigated and stands were a little thin from Fall drought at planting. Roseau was planted on September 21, 2022.

2022 average includes: Becker, Crookston, LeCenter, Roseau

2021 average includes:: Becker, Crookston, Lamberton, LeCenter, Roseau

Trial Highlights -

Location: Lamberton, MN

Planted on September 28, 2022

2023 Minnesota Grain Breeder Trial

NEBRASKA

2021 - 2023

Nebraska Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Lincoln, NE - University of Nebraska

2023: Sidney location was planted on September 26, 2022. It was harvested on July 31, 2023. 30 lb/ac 32-0-0 streamed in August; 30lb/ac P as 40 Rock in-furrow applied in Fall. Spring applied 10 lb N/ac with 2,4-D in April. RoundUp RT3 and LV6 pre-plant burndown and in April LV6 with 10lb/ac N applied. There was good soil moisture at planting. Decent Fall stand and Winter survival. Tillered well in Spring and had rains during pollination and grain filling which helped increase yields. Lincoln location was planted on September 28, 2022. 90 lbs of N were Fall applied.

2022: Planting Date: September 24, 2021. Harvest Date: July 5, 2022

Fertility: 80 lbs/a N using liquid 32% preplant; 80 lbs/a N in mid-April. Herbicide/Fungicides: 2 pts Prowl H2O and 1 pt 2,4-D in mid-April. Soil Type: Kennebec silt loam. Planting Info: Drilled at 1.5” deep into disked oat stubble with double disk no-till drill on 9” centers. Overall good yields but moderate test weights.

2022 average includes: Lincoln

2021 average includes: Sidney and Lincoln

NEW YORK

- 2023 New York Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Cornell University

2023: Snyder location was planted on October 12, 2022. 200 lbs/ac 10/10/10 Fall applied. Around 55 lbs N with S/ac applied at green up. Harmony and Axial applied in Spring 2023. This site had poor emergence from later planting and weather. Caldwell location was planted on October 5, 2022. 200 lbs/ac 10N/10P/10K were fall applied. ~55 lbs N with S/ac applied at green up. Harmony and Axial applied in Spring 2023.

2022: Pre-Plant- 200 lbs of 10/10/10 to give 20 lbs N. Top Dress UAN30 w/2.5% S applied at a rate to give 60lbs N and 5.5lbs S per acre. Some water and winter injury on plots.

Caldwell: Plant date of Oct. 1, 2021, top dress on April 14, 2022, Herbicide applied on May 5, 2022, Harvested on July 19, 2022.

Snyder: Plant date on Oct. 8, 2021, top dress on April 14, 2022, herbicide applied on May 5, 2022, Harvested on July 20, 2022.

2021 average includes: Ketola, Monroe, Seneca, and Snyder.

2020 average includes: Ketola, Monroe, Seneca, and Snyder.

NORTH CAROLINA

Trial Highlights -

2023 North Carolina Grain Trials

Location: North Carolina

2023: Piedmont - Planting Date: October 27th 2022

Topdressing Rate: 120 lbs N single application

Harvest Date: June 7th 2023

Total Seasonal Rainfall: 27.08"

Date of last freeze event: March 21st 2023

White Hat - Planting Date: November 4th 2022

Topdressing Rate: 120 lbs N split application

Harvest Date: June 16th 2023

Total Seasonal Rainfall: 23.25"

Date of last freeze event: March 21st 2023

NORTH DAKOTA

- 2023 North Dakota Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: North Dakota University

2023: Carrington was planted on September 21, 2022. These trials were visited in June, the Carrington location had a uniform stand but was thin from drought. Minot was planted on September 21, 2022. 50 lbs/ac 11-52-0 were applied. Location had received fair moisture so it was looking good with a fuller canopy and height. Langdon was planted on September 20, 2022. When visited it had also recieved some rain so trials looked fairly good, uniform stand. Yields were lowered by lower than normal rainfall. 60 lbs N were Spring applied it was too dry to Fall apply. Hettinger was planted on September 20, 2022 and harvested on August 8, 2023. 50 lbs 11-52-0 Fall applied with seed. Winter was tough on stands, it was dry and hot early in June and then they received rain.

2022: Minot, Langdon and Hettinger had very good growing conditions this year showing the great potential in these areas of North Dakota

Minot - Planting Date September 14, 2021. Harvest date August 8, 2022. Soil test: 107 lbs/A N (0-24”), Langdon: Planting Date: September 10, 2021. Harvest Date: August 11, 2022. Previous Crop: Wheat. Broadcast 60 lbs/a N as Urea – Oct 21, 2021. Broadcast 60 lbs/a N as Urea – May 26, 2022

Hettinger: Planting Date: September 14, 2021. Harvest Date: August 2, 2022. Previous Crop: Cover Crop Mix 30 lb/ac 11-52-0 with seed at planting. 200 lb/ac (92 lb/ac N) urea applied in early April.

PENNSYLVANIA

Trial Highlights -

Location: Rock Springs, PA

2023: Planted on September 23, 2022. 350 lbs/ac of 00-00-60 and 170lbs/ac of 11-52-00 Fall applied pre-plant. This trial was visited in early May. Rock Springs looked very nice and had recieved adequate moisture.

2022: This was the first year planting a combination of species. Centre County hybrid rye/triticale/rye tillered very well in the fall and early winter. The winter was mild and there were very little spring green up impacts from freezing. There was timely rainfall in the spring. Weed pressure was very minimal. There was little to no lodging in plots. Overall, for the first year of this trial, the results were very good and provides a good comparison between the species.

Planting Date: October 15, 2021. Harvested: July 15, 2022. Fall fertilizer - 200 lbs 10-20-20 on September 30, 2022. Spring N fertilizer: 30% UAN, 60lbs/ac + stabilizer on April 2, 2022.

2022 - 2023 Pennsylvania Grain Trials

SOUTH DAKOTA

2021 - 2023 South Dakota Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: South Dakota State University - Southeast Research Farm

2023: Limited rainfall in June had the Beresford trials looking a little rough. Beresford was planted on October 2-3, 2022. 28N/32P/0K/14S were Fall applied. 82N/0P/0K/0S were Spring applied. Arlington had thin stands and were short due to heavy drought conditions. It was planted on October 7, 2022. 28N/32P/0K/14S were Fall applied. 82N/0P/0K/0S were Spring applied. Overall drought lowered yields and reduced differences between varieties. Artesian location had received more rainfall than the other locations making it look the best of the locations. It was planted on October 11, 2022. 28N/32P/0K/14S were Fall applied. 82N/0P/0K/0S were Spring applied.

Tyndall and Wagner locations had extreme drought which led to poor stands and no yield data reported.

2022: Inputs: N = 110 lb/ac; S = 15 lb/ac; P&K as per soil test; Hybrid lines were seeded at 800,000 seeds/ac and OP rye lines and Triticale at 1.2 million seeds/ac. Seeding Depth = 1” ; Yields were lower than expected because of the very hot and dry weather that occurred from the middle of June and lasted until the end of July with little or no precipitation.

2022 average includes: Artesian, Beresford and Tyndall 2021 average includes: Artesian, Kimball, Beresford Site 1 & 2, Tyndall and Lennox.

Trial Highlights -

Location: Beresford, SD

Planted on October 3, 2022. South Dakota overall was extremely dry this year which reduced yields.

2023 South Dakota Grain Breeder Trial

Variety Grain Type Bushel/ Acre

KWS Receptor Hybrid Rye 50.0

KWS Serafino Hybrid Rye 34.0

KWS Tayo Hybrid Rye 25.0

Hazlet Rye 30.0

VIRGINIA

2020 Virginia Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Virginia Tech

AREC is in Warsaw, VA, Kentland Research Station is in Blacksburg, VA, and NPC is in Orange, VA.

WISCONSIN

2020 - 2022 Wisconsin Grain Trials

Trial Highlights -

Location: Arlington, WI - University of Wisconsin

2023: Planted on September 23, 2022. Harvested on July 21, 2023. 55lbs N/ac fall applied. Huskie pesticide applied. There were some stand issues due to corn residue and clumpy soils followed by a season of limited moisture reduced yields, but still a very uniform stand and respectable yields.

2022: Plant date: September 28, 2021. Harvest Date: July 30, 2022. Excellent growing conditions. Nitrogen 30 lbs on September 29, 2021, 55 lbs at Spring green up.