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THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
LESSON 14
A signal that a woman‘s reproductive system is maturing is the beginning of menstruation. Menstruation is the monthly process in which an unfertilized egg cell and the inner lining of the uterus are discharged from a woman’s body. It occurs in women who are in their childbearing years. The time of life when a woman stops menstruation is called menopause. After menopause a woman can no longer bear children.
Figure 6: The female reproductive system
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS Women may experience different symptoms as a result of menstruation and changing hormone levels. One common disorder that sometimes occurs before menstruation is premenstrual syndrom. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is the feeling of depression that occurs several days to two weeks before a period begins. Other symptoms may include nausea, weight gain, and the inability to sleep or concentrate. Disorders of menstruation are also quite common. They include dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), menorrhagia (heavy bleeding that lasts longer than 5 to 7 days), amenorrhoea (absence of menstruation), and metrorrhagia (bleeding that occurs other than during regular periods). The other disorders of the female reproductive organs are, for instance: vulvitis, vaginitis, cervicitis and mastitis; ovarian cysts and tumours, breast cancers or some sexually transmitted diseases (STD).
MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM The male reproductive system reaches maturity during puberty. The male reproductive organs include two testes, four types of ducts, a penis, and three different accessory sex glands.
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