THE PUBLICATIONS OF THE CHAMPLAIN SOCIETY
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
THE
PUBLICATIONS OF THE CHAMPLAIN SOCIETY THE WORKS OF
SAMUEL DE CHAMPLAIN VOLUME III
1~ORONTO
THE CHAMPLAIN SOCIETY Reprin ted 197 I by UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS Toronto and Buffalo
THE WORKS OF SAMUEL DE CHAMPLAIN IN SIX VOLUMES REPRINTED, TRANSLATED AND ANNOTATED BY SIX CANADIAN SCHOLARS UNDER THE GENERAL EDITORSHIP OF
H. P.
BIGGAR
VOLUME III
1615-1618 TRANSLATED AND EDITED BY
1-1.
H. LANGTON AND
W. F.
GANONG
THE FRENCH TEXTS COLLATED BY
J.
HOME CAMERON
WITH A PORTFOLIO OF PLATES AND MAPS
TORONTO THE CHAMPLAIN SOCIETY 19 2 9
The Champlain Society Edition of
The Works of Samuel de Champlain was originally published in a limited edition in six volumes and one portfolio from 19 22 to 1936. It has been reprinted in facsimile with the authorization of the Society by University of Toronto Press 197 1
All rights reserved Printed in Canada ISBN
0-8020-1760-6
PREFACE very rare volume of 1619 has been freshly translated by Mr. H. H. Langton, who was responsible for the translation of the Des Sauvages in Volume I. As the first two books of Part I of the 1632 edition which are here printed are merely a resume of the first portion of the 161 3 Volume already translated by Professor W. F. Ganong for Volume I) the general editor has used Professor Ganong's translation and notes for the abbreviation of these two books here reprinted. Both French texts have been collated by Professor J. Home Cameron. 'I'HE
H. P. B.
NOTE IN Volume II, p. 116, the date of Champlain's departure is correctly given as April 18, 1610, but that of his arrival on the Grand Banks should be May 19, 1610 (not April). He reached Tadoussac on May 26 and left for Quebec on May 28. The error in proposing April for May was due to his statement that" such a thing" as reaching Tadoussac in May that spring" had not been seen for sixty years." In I 609, however, the Company's vessel had also reached Tadoussac on May 28. It has been pointed out by the Editor of the French text that the footnote on p. 230 of Volume II is also inaccurate. In his opinion the diagram on p. 229 has been combined from two separate drawings, in one of which the north-south line is the opposite of the other. I t is true that the figure, as it stands, is correct for the southern hemisphere, wherever the shadow would fall towards the south; but it is doubtful that this was the purpose of it. North of the Equator, one of the parts would have to be reversed.
ix
NOTE ON THE FRENCH TEXT establishment of the French text of both parts of this volume has presented considerable difficulty. It has long been generally believed that the beautiful Quebec edition of Champlain's Voyages, built up with so much care by the devoted Abbe Laverdiere, had left little or nothing more to be done. But when that text was collated with the many copies of the original to be found not only in the libraries of Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa, and Providence (R.I.), but also in those of Edinburgh, London, and Paris; and when compared, further, with two original copies in my possession (one of 1619-20, the other of 1632),-it was discovered that the variants were much more numerous and important than had been supposed; 1 and that the difficulty of determining their chronological order was considerably increased. This is especially the case with the text of 1619, 1620 and 1627, in which some of the variants presented byafew of the copies of the latest " edition" almost certainly belong to the earliest form of the text. 2 (See pp. 159, 184, 206-209, and 21 1 of this edition.) In the case of the double volume of the Foyages, first issued in 1632, and republished in 1640 (some five years after Champlain'S death), the problem is not so difficult. THE
1 In the first hundred pages of the Voyages of 1632 alone, our edition shows different readings in some forty instances, and of all these only half a dozen at most were known to Laverdiere. 2 While copies dated" 161 9" and" 1620 " are quite rare, those of ". 162 7 " are much more so. I have been able to examine very minutely nIne copies of the former (most of them in London and Paris), but only five of the latter (four of these being also in London and Paris).
xi
XII
NOTE ON THE FRENCH TEXT
The changes made in the successive impressions can be more easily traced, and the reasons for them at least surmised. This is true of the most striking example, where, in a few of the earliest copies, the passage, cancelled soon after the printing, still remains, while the corrected, recomposed pages are inserted at the end of Part I. Of all the twenty-two copies examined very few showed this process: in all the others only the corrected pages are to be found. l (This and other examples of what has occurred may be seen on pp. 279280, 286, 293, 295, 389, 399, etc.) What the motives may have been for the significant suppressions and emendations made in the" 1632 " resume of the narrative of 1613, and again for those made between the earlier and later versions of the" 1632 " text-that is something which cannot be discussed within the limits of this note. It should be pointed out here, as it so often is throughout the annotations, that the aim in preparing our edition of the French text is to furnish the reader with the earliest version, in so far as that can be determined, and to indicate all changes, even the most trifling, in the notes, or by marks in the text itself. In conclusion, I take this opportunity to express my appreciation of the help so generously given me by the librarians and their assistants in all the libraries to which I am indebted.
J.
H. C.
1 Copies of " 1632 " are more plentiful than those of " 1619," " 1620," and" 1627 "; and much more so than those of its 1640 reprint-which latter I did not happen to find in Great Britain or France. Of the four copies of" 1640 " which I have seen, I have minutely examined only two; while of " 1632 " I have examined twenty-two, and closely collated twelve.
CONTENTS PART
I. PAGE
THE VOYAGES, I619
PART
1
II.
THE VOYAGES, 1632.
PART
I,
xiii
BOOKS
I
AND
II
.
231
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS PLATE
I. FIRST TITLE-PAGE OF THE VOYAGES, • To precede p.
I
II. SECOND TITLE-PAGE OF THE VOYAGES, 1619 •
"
III. COSTUMES OF THE HURONS, A. B. C. D. IV. SIEGE OF THE IROQUOIS VILLAGE . V. HURON DEER-POUND . VI. HURON SQUAWS' COSTUMES, E. F. G. H. VII. HURON INDIANS' DANCE
.
\'111. HURON BURIAL CEREMONIES
.
IX. TITLE-PAGE OF THE VOYAGES, 1632 . X. CHAMPLAIN'S LARGE }.tIAP OF 1632 (This is to be inserted in the Portfolio.)
xv
" To face p. "
"
"
II
I
44 74 85
II
" 135 150
"
"
"
I)
"
II
163 232