Antonio gramsci power through ideological leadership ppt 9

Antonio Gramsci: Power through Ideological Leadership

Dr Christopher Kollmeyer

26 Feb 2008 SO4530

A reminder to 4 -year undergraduates th

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Note on Readings • The Gramsci Reader Pp. 323-347 (section on culture as common sense) • Deguili and Kollmeyer. 2007. “Bringing Gramsci Back In” Pp. 500-502. http://wes.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/21/3/497

Biographical Notes on Gramsci •Italian (born 1891, died 1937) •University at Turin (Fiat and class conflict) •Co-founder of Italian Communist Party •Jailed by Mussolini in 1926 •Main work: Prison Notebooks

Culture, Ideology, & Early Marxism Karl Marx • Base-Superstructure • Exploitation class consciousness

Friedrich Engels • “False consciousness”

State-Civil Society Distinction in Politics Rule by controlling state politics: How much coercion is needed?

Compromise

Coercion

Hegemony

Domination

(Soft power)

(Hard power)

Rule through Civil Society: How accepted are the ideas of the dominant class?

Very

Hegemony Leadership Common Sense

Not at all

CounterHegemony?

Opposition

Key Concepts Restated • The State • Civil Society • Hegemony – State Politics (compromise) – Civil Society (intellectual leadership) “Common Sense”

• Counter-hegemony • War of manoeuvre vs. War of position

Summary Modes of rule according to Gramsci: 1. Ideological leadership (CS hegemony) 2. Compromise (Political hegemony) 3. Coercion (Police-military force) Hegemony re-established daily Significant political change requires new morality