Tidbits of Rogue Valley Vol 1 Issue 10 by Ken Alexander

of Rogue Valley

November 21 - November 27, 2013

Volume 1 Issue 10

Published by: LambdaTech Solutions, LLC

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Winter Blues got you dow n? TIDBITS® TALKS

TURKEY

by Janet Spencer

The average annual consumption of turkey has increased from 8.3 pounds (3.5 kg) in 1975 to 18.5 pounds (8 kg) today. Come along with Tidbits as we talk turkey! TASTY TURKEY • Turkey meat is higher in protein and lower in fat and calories than many other meats, averaging 26 percent protein and 11 percent fat. It has 25 percent less fat than roast beef, and 46 percent less than pork loin. Skin accounts for six percent of the bird’s weight. The highest concentrations of fat are found in the skin and the pan drippings, which is why you should avoid both. TURKEY FACTS • The size of an average turkey breast has increased 22 percent since 1979. • A typical turkey will consume 110,000 calories in its lifetime. • It takes 3 lbs (1.3 kg) of feed to produce one pound of turkey, but it takes 7 lbs (3 kg) of feed to produce one pound (.4 kg) of beef. • A typical 15-pound (6.8 kg) bird will have 70 percent white meat and 30 percent dark meat. • The first meal eaten on the moon by Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin in 1969 consisted of a foil packet full of turkey with trimmings. (Continued next page)

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Tidbits of Rogue Valley

TURKEY QUESTIONS ANSWERED • You go to buy a turkey, and wonder how big a bird you should get. An 11 lb. (5 kg) turkey will yield 5 to 6 lbs. (2.2 kg) of meat. The bigger the bird, the greater the ratio of meat to bones, so the cheaper the serving. You wonder if it would be more economical to get a turkey breast, roast, or roll. Whole turkeys are cheaper per serving. Sometimes turkeys are so cheap that you wonder if you should stock up. A frozen turkey will keep for up to a year if stored at zero degrees (-18 c). You wonder if you should get a self-basting bird. According to taste tests, there is no reason to choose a self-basting bird over one that is not self-basted. Basted birds have more salt. You wonder how long it will take to thaw. It should be thawed in the fridge for 24 hours for each 5 lbs. (2.2 kg) of weight. You debate between homemade or Stove-Top. Stuff the bird at the very last minute before cooking to cut down on bacteria, or cook it unstuffed. SMOKED TURKEY • To celebrate the wealth of turkey farms in the area, the town of Frazee, Minnesota erected a gigantic turkey statue. Standing 22 feet (6.7 m) tall, it was billed as the world’s largest turkey. On July 1, 1998, city workers wanted to spiff up Big Tom (as he was called) in preparation for the annual Turkey Days Festival. However, they decided to clean the fiberglass and paper maché statue with blow torches. Big Tom caught fire and burned to the ground. But civic pride kicked in and by September, another equally impressive Big Tom was installed in its place. (Continued next page)

Adventurous Dog Ignores Owner By Sam Mazzotta DEAR PAW’S CORNER: My terrier Bill drives me nuts with his disobedience! Last week he jumped out of the car when I stopped at the ATM, and ran along the streets and through traffic, barking at everything as I chased him. Eventually he turned up at the house three hours later and just strutted in. I had to take a vacation day from work to deal with this. It isn’t the first time. What can I do? -- Wits’ End in Springfield, Mass. DEAR WITS’ END: I’m sure you’ve heard this before, but Bill needs you to be more authoritative. He doesn’t recognize you as someone he has to listen to -and the consequences of this have become frustrating and, obviously, dangerous. This is not irreversible, but you need to change a few things. First, Bill should never, ever be loose in the car. A pet seat restraint to which his leash is attached, or a car crate, must be used at all times. Second, begin retraining Bill in how to come when

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called. Put him on a longer leash (6 feet), let him run out to the end of the leash, then call him. If he doesn’t come, reel him in, then let him go to the end again and repeat the call. Once he comes on his own, reward him. Third, retrain your command voice. Bill won’t respond to a pleading or stressed-out voice. Use a strong, calm voice when calling him. Fourth, spend a lot more time with your dog -- he’s got a ton of energy, clearly. Take him for daily, long walks, and reinforce his obedience training daily as well -- all while leashed. Don’t let Bill have his way any longer.

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When my grandkids stay overnight, I like to serve them dishes like this. It doesn’t take very long to prepare, but they think I’ve made a big fuss over them. Let them keep on thinking that! 6 eggs, beaten or equivalent in egg substitute 1/2 teaspoon lemon pepper 2/3 cup nonfat dry milk powder 2/3 cup water 2 teaspoons prepared yellow mustard 1 tablespoon dried parsley flakes 3/4 cup shredded reduced-fat Cheddar cheese 1 cup diced extra-lean ham 1 (7.5-ounce) can refrigerated buttermilk biscuits 1. Preheat oven to 375 F. Spray an 8-by-8-inch baking dish and a large skillet with butter-flavored cooking spray. In the skillet, combine eggs and lemon pepper. Cook over medium heat until eggs are set, stirring often. Set aside. 2. In a medium saucepan, combine dry milk powder and water. Stir in mustard and parsley flakes. Add Cheddar cheese. Mix well to combine. Cook over medium meat until cheese is melted, stirring constantly. Remove from heat. 3. Fold in ham and cooked eggs. Spread mixture into prepared baking dish. Separate biscuits and cut each into 4 pieces. Evenly sprinkle biscuit pieces over top of egg mixture. Lightly spray tops of biscuit pieces with butter-flavored cooking spray. 4. Bake for 15 to 20 minutes or until biscuits are golden brown. Place baking dish on a wire rack and let set for 5 minutes. Makes 6 servings. Each serving equals: 262 calories, 10g fat, 20g protein, 23g carb., 839mg sodium, 2g fiber; Diabetic Exchanges: 2 Meat, 1 1/2 Starch. (c) 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

Page 3

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WHITE vs DARK • Myoglobin is the dark-colored protein that stores oxygen in muscles of some animals, just like hemoglobin stores oxygen in red blood cells. The oxygen stored by myoglobin is used for power to drive muscles, and is present in large amounts in muscles that do a lot of work, such as the legs. Muscles that do little work, such as the breast, have less myoglobin. THE INVALUABLE SNOOD • Besides the fleshy wattle that hangs below a turkey’s chin, a male turkey also has a fleshy appendage that hangs over its beak called a snood. The snood indicates virility and stretches to twice its length during the macho strutting preceding mating. The ladies prefer a long snood. The snood also plays an important role in the rivalry between males. Males will access the length of a rival’s snood before engaging in battle. One researcher wanted to find out just how important the snood is. He constructed two turkey decoys and placed them three feet apart in a small arena. Each of the decoys stood next to a pile of birdseed. The decoys were identical except that one had a large snood and the other’s snood was small. One at a time, the researcher placed 28 young male turkeys into the yard and waited to see what would happen. Only four of the 28 turkeys took birdseed from the pile in front of the decoy with a huge snood, while 17 stole seed from the decoy with the smaller snood. Seven of the real turkeys stole Turn down the birdseed from both decoys. The researcher theorized noise. Reduce that the length of the snood may be determined by the speed. the bird’s testosterone level. Be like the (Continued next page) somnolent bears,

On Dec. 8, 1542, in Linlithgow Palace in Scotland, a daughter is born to James V, the dying king of Scotland. Named Mary, she was the only surviving child of her father and ascended to the Scottish throne when the king died just six days after her birth. On Dec. 2, 1777, legend has it that Philadelphia housewife and nurse Lydia Darragh single-handedly saves the lives of Gen. George Washington and his Continental Army. She made notes when she overheard the British planning a surprise attack and got them to Washington. On Dec. 6, 1921, The Irish Free State, comprising four-fifths of Ireland, is declared, ending a five-year Irish struggle for independence from Britain. The Irish Free State was renamed Eire, and is now called the Republic of Ireland. On Dec. 5, 1933, the 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified, bringing an end to the prohibition of alcohol. Prohibition did little more than slow the flow of booze, and bootleggers like Al Capone built criminal empires out of illegal distribution. On Dec. 4, 1945, the U.S. Senate approves U.S. participation in the United Nations. The U.N. allowed world leaders to observe each other as never before, as in the 1961 incident when Russian leader Nikita Khrushchev presented a spectacle by pounding his table with his shoe for emphasis during a U.N. debate. On Dec. 3, 1979, the last Pacer rolls off the assembly line at the American Motors Corp. (AMC) factory. In 1975, the ads said, “When you buy any other car, all you end up with is today’s car. When you get a Pacer, you get a piece of tomorrow.” Today polls and experts agree: The Pacer was one of the worst cars of all time. On Dec. 7, 1982, the first execution by lethal injection takes place at the state penitentiary in Huntsville, Texas. Charles Brooks, Jr., convicted of murdering an auto mechanic, received an intravenous injection of sodium pentothal, the barbiturate that is known as a “truth serum” when administered in lesser doses. 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

or those other animals that slow down and almost die in the cold season. Let it be the way it is. The magic is there in its power.

~Henry Mitchell

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Conference spending was approved based on 3,000 attendees, but only 1,800 showed up. The House Oversight and Government Reform Committee held hearings recent- A factoid: Conferences that will cost between $20,000 ly about conference planning spending and $500,000 need varying levels of approval in advance, by officials at the Department of Veterans all the way up the chain. Conferences costing more than Affairs. Planning trips to Nashville, Dallas and Orlando, $500,000 aren’t allowed. How is it then that two Orlando meant to scope out locations for training conferences, conferences cost $6.1 million? How did the tab for a Las turned into lovely, overpriced vacations for some. Vegas conference exceed $800,000? Here are some of the highlights of testimony given to the One investigator went so far as to say that one specific ofcommittee: ficial lied under oath, a fact bolstered by witnesses. They’d spent $50,000 for a 15-minute parody film about Gen. Multiple employees accepted gifts: A big no-no, especialGeorge Patton, but that official said he had no knowledge of ly as the gifts appeared to be given in exchange for hotel it. He subsequently resigned. At the hearing he repeatedly bookings for conferences. Among the gifts accepted were: refused to answer questions. complimentary lodging and upgraded rooms, gift baskets, entertainment tickets, spa treatments and a helicopter ride. As usual, we’re now told that they’ll do better, they’ve takEmployees didn’t deduct the value of the free meals they en steps, they’ll have more oversight, they’ll retrain planreceived, as required. One planner apparently solicited ning personnel and so on. Haven’t we heard that before? goodies for his family, which he brought to the conference. Over and over and over? Freddy Groves regrets that he cannot personally answer reader quesApproximately $762,000 was labeled as unnecessary and/ tions, but will incorporate them into his column whenever possible. or wasteful spending as the amount included promo items Send email to columnreply2@gmail.com. and awards, some of which had a value of up to $5,500. (c) 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

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Tidbits of Rogue Valley

November 21 - November 27, 2013

WILD vs DOMESTIC • One difference between wild and domestic turkeys is that the domestic variety is unable to fly, whereas wild birds are extremely good fliers. They need no runway for takeoff, can climb vertically, are capable of attaining speeds of 40 m.p.h. (64 km) in the air, and can glide for a mile (1.6 km) without fluttering a wing. TURKEY HISTORY • Turkeys originated in Central and North America. Archeologists have found turkey fossils over 10 million years old. They’re the only breed of poultry native to the Western Hemisphere. There are two species of wild turkey: the Yucatan turkey inhabits Central America, and the North American turkey lives in the U.S. TURKEY TALK • No one is sure where the word “turkey” came from. Some claim that when Columbus saw them, he thought they were related to the peacock. Because he thought he was in India, and because the word for peacock in India is “tuka,” he named them thusly. Others say that it got its name because it was imported through the country of Turkey. Still others swear it was because the bird’s head resembles the helmet of Turkish soldiers. Some think it’s because the call of the bird sounds like “turk-turk-turk.” ACCORDING TO GUINNESS: • Vincent Pilkington of Ireland plucked a turkey bald in one minute, 30 seconds on November 17, 1980, making him the world’s fastest turkey plucker. • One of the world’s largest turkey farms is located in Norfolk, Britain and is owned by Bernard Matthews. Over a million birds per year are raised there. (Continued next page)

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It was lexicographer Samuel Johnson who made the following sage observation: “Always, set a high value on spontaneous kindness. He whose inclination prompts him to cultivate your friendship of his own accord, will love you more than one whom you have been at pains to attach to you.” On Jan. 31, 2013, it officially became legal for women to wear pants in Paris. Before that, a law on the books only allowed women to wear pants if they were “holding a bicycle handlebar or the reins of a horse,” or if they had requested special permission from the police to dress like men. Japanese consumers are now able to buy a smartphone attachment that emits the odors of short ribs, beef tongue and buttered potatoes. Other attachments are also available, with scents such as the ylang-ylang flower, cinnamon rolls, coffee, corn soup, mint, strawberries, jasmine and curry. It’s well known that famed children’s book author Dr. Seuss had no children of his own, but you might be surprised to learn that he created an imaginary daughter, Chrysanthemum Pearl. He dedicated his book “The 500 Hats of Bartholomew Cubbins” to her: “To Chrysanthemum Pearl, aged 89 months, going on 90.” If you’re like 6 percent of Americans, when you vacuum you do it in your underwear -- or naked. Before the invention of the electric light, people slept, on average, nine hours a night. Since then, it’s been about 7.5. Sleep researchers say that in a lab setting, people deprived of electric light go back to sleeping nine hours a night. *** Thought for the Day: “If you don’t go after what you want, you’ll never have it. If you don’t ask, the answer is always no. If you don’t step forward, you’re always in the same place.” -- Nora Roberts (c) 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

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ARIES (March 21 to April 19) Decisions involving your finances might seem to be foolproof. But they could have underlying risks you should know about. Don’t act on anything until all the facts are in. TAURUS (April 20 to May 20) You’re attracted to a situation that appeals to your Bovine intellect. And that’s good. But don’t neglect your passionate side when romance comes calling later in the week. GEMINI (May 21 to June 20) A recent development enhances that special relationship. Spending more time together also helps make the bonding process stronger. Expect news about a possible career change. CANCER (June 21 to July 22) A suspicious situation should be dealt with before it leads to serious problems. Get all the facts needed to resolve it. Then refocus your energies on those tasks that need your attention. LEO (July 23 to August 22) Try to be more open-minded in working toward a resolution of that standoff between yourself and a colleague or family member. A little flexibility now could work to your advantage later. VIRGO (August 23 to September 22) You might feel a bit threatened by a proposed workplace change. The best way to deal with it is to ask questions. You’ll find that those involved will be happy to provide you with the facts. LIBRA (September 23 to October 22) Feeling alone in a crowd during the early part of the week is an unsettling emotion. But your spirits soon perk

up, putting you into the right mood to start making holiday plans. SCORPIO (October 23 to November 21) A pesky problem should be dealt with immediately so you can put your time and effort into something more important. Someone from your past could have significant news for you. SAGITTARIUS (November 22 to December 21) High-energy aspects dominate, both on the job and at home. Use this time to put some long-range plans into operation. Things level off later in the week. CAPRICORN (December 22 to January 19) Even the usually gregarious Goat might feel overwhelmed by a flurry of activities. Be patient. Things soon return to your normal social routine. AQUARIUS (January 20 to February 18) Career choices that seem too confusing to deal with at this point probably are. More information would help uncomplicate them. On the personal side, a friend might need your advice. PISCES (February 19 to March 20) Your Piscean imagination is stimulated by possibilities you see in a new opportunity. But keep those ideas to yourself until you feel ready to translate them into a workable format. BORN THIS WEEK: You have an ingratiating way of helping people deal with their fears. Have you considered a career in social work or with the clergy? (c) 2013 King Features Synd., Inc.

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November 21 - November 27, 2013

• One of the heaviest turkeys ever raised weighed 86 Delaware, her mother taught her the names of all the astronomy Edward Pickering. pounds (39 kg) dressed out, which is about the size constellations in the sky, imbuing her with a lifelong • Pickering hired Annie to be his assistant at the of a large German shepherd dog. It won the annual interest in astronomy. Annie excelled in school and observatory. His project was to map, define, and Heaviest Turkey competition in London in 1989. was particularly adept at mathematics. catalog every possible star in the sky. He paid Annie GOOD GIZZARDS! • In 1880 she enrolled in Wellesley College in and a bevy of other astronomically inclined women Massachusetts, one of the top schools for women in a wage of 25 cents per hour for their labor, at a time • On the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, dodo a day and age when women rarely attended college. when the secretaries at the college were earning up birds lived under the calvaria tree. The tree’s seeds Here, a bout with scarlet fever left her nearly deaf, a to a dollar per hour. Soon the work got bogged down were unable to sprout until they had been ground handicap that barely slowed her pace. because the system used to classify stars was bulky, down by the dodo’s digestive tract. The dodo had difficult, and complex. no natural enemies and therefore had developed no • After graduating with a degree in physics in 1884, she defenses. When man came accompanied by rats, returned home to Delaware, where she grew bored. • Annie went to work on the problem, and soon devised dogs, and guns, the dodo died off, and it looked like When her mother died in 1894, she knew it was time a simpler system of star classification based on the calvaria tree was soon to follow. At one point there for a change. She wrote to her former professor at stellar temperatures. The system, called the Harvard were only 13 of the trees left in the world, some of Wellesley to see if there was a job opening at the Classification Scheme, was so successful that it was them more than 300 years old. Then a professor from school. The professor hired her to be an assistant, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union in Wisconsin fed the seeds to turkeys, whose gizzards the job allowed Annie to take graduate courses at the 1922 as the official system for stellar classification. It did the job that the dodo used to do. Just in the nick of college. is still being used today. time, the calvaria tree was saved from the dodo’s fate. • A new course in astronomy caught her attention, • Annie’s career in astronomy spanned more than forty as did a class in spectroscopy, where she learned years. She received a doctorate of astronomy, became the science behind the dispersion of light. She was the curator of the Harvard Observatory, and was also fanatically interested in photography. Later she appointed as an official Harvard astronomer. Harvard ANNIE JUMP CANNON enrolled at Radcliffe Women’s College at Harvard officials also named her Curator of Astronomical • Annie Jump Cannon was born in 1863 to Elizabeth in order to gain access to the Harvard College Photographs. She was the first woman ever to Jump and Wilson Lee Cannon. Growing up in Observatory. There she caught the attention of noted (Continued on Page 8)

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Tidbits of Rogue Valley

November 21 - November 27, 2013

a latex-based paint may not dry as evenly or cure as well. But painters do interior work in cold weather all the time. How do they do it without sealing off the room from the rest of the house? You could take a few hints from them.

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Professional painters often use a reverse-air system. Rigged into one of the windows, it pulls air from the room to the outside of the house at a constant rate, so that fumes don’t seep into the rest of the house -- and the room being painted stays at a comfortable temperature. By Samantha Mazzotta Painting in Winter Can be Tricky

Even without such a system, you can paint a room by setting up a fan in the window pointing outward, and keeping your heating system registers open in the the room. Wear a respirator mask when painting to avoid breathing in fumes, and keep children out.

Q: Can I paint rooms during the wintertime? My friend says it’s impossible to do because the weather is If you need to add more than one coat or the paint too cold. What do you say? -- Jeanine H., via email seems to be taking longer than usual to dry, consider A: It’s not impossible, but in colder climates it certain- bringing in a dehumidifier to remove more moisture ly can be more difficult. The main reason is that rooms from the air and speed drying. need to be well-ventilated when painting; otherwise HOME TIP: To keep paintbrushes the room is hazardous to be in. It’ll need to continue to from drying out while you take a long be ventilated while it’s drying, in order to keep humidbreak, place a sandwich baggie over the ity down, which means the windows will be wide open bristles. in the middle of winter. In more-temperate regions, painting in winter really isn’t a problem. Not only can you ventilate a room without getting frozen out of the house, but the paint cures more evenly. In below-freezing temperatures,

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Every gardener knows that under the cloak of winter lies a miracle...a seed waiting to sprout, a bulb opening to the light, a bud straining to unfurl. And the anticipation nurtures our dream. ~Barbara Winkler

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Simple Thanksgiving Dinner Tips Courtesy Of The Founding Fathers (NAPSA)—Many Americans want to treat family and friends to a holiday meal with a bit of tradition to it. Making that easier is a delicious recipe for roast turkey that harks back to Colonial times.

cold water; pat dry. Sprinkle turkey cavity with salt and pepper. Place quartered onion inside.

“Thanksgiving is about re-creating family traditions, about taking time to be with loved ones and honoring generations-old values,” explains Emmy Award–winning TV host, cookbook author and culinary historian Chef Walter Staib, City Tavern of Philadelphia proprietor. “It’s the only truly American holiday centered around savoring our nation’s culinary heritage.” This simple turkey recipe is based on what our forefathers ate at their celebrations. “It will taste just as delicious now as it did to our Founding Fathers.”

In small bowl, combine parsley, thyme, shallots and 1 tablespoon of the oil. Sprinkle with salt and a generous grinding of pepper.

Rub herb mixture on meat under the skin on each side Early American Roasted Turkey of the breastbone. recipe by Chef Staib Place fresh sage and Serves 8 to 10 tarragon under skin, leaving whole. Tie drumsticks 1 (18- to 20-pound) turkey, with giblets Salt and freshly ground black pepper together with kitchen string and twist the wing tips behind the back. Place turkey, breast side up, in prepared 1 medium yellow onion, quartered roasting pan. 1⁄4 cup chopped fresh parsley 2 Tbsp. chopped fresh thyme Roast for about 2 hours, until breast is browned. Cover 2 medium shallots, finely chopped with foil and roast for 3 to 4 hours, basting the turkey 1 bunch fresh sage, on stem every 15 minutes with its own juices. Roast until a 1 bunch fresh tarragon, on stem meat thermometer inserted in a thigh muscle registers 1 Tbsp. olive oil 180–185° F.

Preheat oven to 325° F. Place oven rack on bottom level. Place wire roasting rack in large roasting pan and spray with vegetable cooking spray. Remove giblets, neck and any visible fat from cavity. Discard liver and fat. Rinse turkey inside and out with

PBS “A Taste Of History” host Walter Staib displays a roast turkey prepared in a traditional Colonial manner.

“Turkey is delicate by nature—the sharper the knife, the cleaner the cut and the nicer the presentation,” says Staib. “Thankfully, we don’t have to rely on the 18th-century grinding stone to create sharp knives. EdgeCraft makes holiday entertaining a little easier with Chef’sChoice® sharpeners.”

• Step 1

Chef’sChoice® Turkey-Carving Tips:

Be sure to use a good, sharp knife. Sharp knives are not only safer, they will help you smoothly cut thin, even slices without shredding the meat. Fortunately, you don’t have to be an expert to put a razor-sharp edge on your knife. Chef’sChoice® M130 professionally sharpens, steels and strops all brands and types of knives. Precision guides eliminate guesswork for sharp, durable edges. For help finding a sharpener that’s right for you, call (800) 342-3255 or visit www. chefschoice.com. • Step 2 After the turkey is cooked (meat thermometer should read 180–185° F when inserted in the thickest part of the turkey), cool the bird for 15 minutes. Cooling makes the meat firmer and easier to slice. Remove and set aside the turkey legs and the last joint of each wing. Make a long, deep (to the bone) horizontal “base cut” into the breast just above the wing. • Step 3 Slice down vertically through the breast until you meet the original base cut. This will release perfect, even slices. Following these preparation and carving tips can help make your Thanksgiving a meal to remember and one that our country’s founders would have enjoyed!

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November 21 - November 27, 2013

1. Who was the last Detroit Tiger before Drew Smyly in 2013 to record at least a fourinning save? 2. Outfielder Paul O’Neill was a member of how many World Serieswinning teams? By Chris Richcreek 3. When was the last time before 2011-12 that the University of South Carolina’s football team posted consecutive 11-win seasons? 4. The Los Angeles Lakers have retired nine jersey numbers in their franchise history. How many of them have not been worn by centers? 5. Who was the only man to play for all of the Original Six NHL teams? 6. How many consecutive World Cup downhill titles has Lindsey Vonn won? 7. In 2013, Europe recorded the biggest victory ever in golf’s Solheim Cup (18-10). What had been the largest margin of victory?

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1. In which book’s 5:18 (KJV) does it state, “In every thing give thanks: for this is the will of God”? 1 Thessalonians, 1 Timothy, 1 Peter, 1 John 2. What items of food and drink did Jesus give thanks for at the Last Supper? Figs/water, Bread/wine, Fishes/nectar, Honey/milk 3. Which book (KJV) mentions the word “thanksgiving” the most times at eight? Genesis, Nehemiah, Psalms, Isaiah 4. From Leviticus 22, a sacrifice of thanksgiving is most meaningful when it is ... ? Sincere, Often, Voluntary, Extravagant 5. Where was Jonah when he prayed with the voice of thanksgiving? Fish’s belly, Aboard ship, In the wilderness, Mountaintop 6. Whose thanksgiving is expressed in Philippians 4:10-20? Paul, John the Baptist, James, David

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1. SCIENCE: What is the function of the amygdala in the brain? 2. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE: How many member states belong to the United Nations in 2013? 3. LANGUAGE: What is a pugilist? 4. GEOGRAPHY: What is the capital of Canada? 5. ENTERTAINERS: What is Donald Ducks middle name? 6. TELEVISION: What was the name of the spaceship on Lost in Space? 7. LITERATURE: Who wrote the 19th century novel The Pathfinder? 8. EXPLORERS: What was the name of Sir Francis Drakes ship, which he sailed around the world? 9. SLOGANS: What company uses the slogan Imagination at Work? 10. MATH: How many faces does a cube have?

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Tidbits of Rogue Valley receive an honorary degree from Oxford, and the first woman ever elected an officer of the American Astronomical Society. In addition, she received the prestigious Henry Draper Medal from the National Academy of Sciences, one of the highest honors available to any astronomy. Only one other woman has ever won it. • The only time her deafness got in the way of her career was when she was nominated for membership in the National Academy of Sciences, but not elected, after a noted biologist made an issue of her deafness. • Over the course of nearly half a century, she classified and cataloged around a quarter of a million stars, causing Time magazine to label her “Census Taker of the Sky.” She also discovered about 300 new stars. In 1923 she was voted one of the twelve greatest living American women by the League of Women Voters. • She died in 1941, having lived long enough to see women win a grudging place in the world of science. In her honor the American Association of University Women presents the Annie J. Cannon Award each year to a woman beginning her astronomical career. WEIRD WORMS • A flatworm, when cut in half, will regenerate both missing halves to form two complete new worms. McConnell and Thompson in 1953 taught flatworms that a bright light would be followed by an electric shock. Soon the worms curled into a ball whenever a light was shown, before the shock came. Now McConnell and Thompson wondered if you cut the worms in half and let them regenerate, which half would remember the knowledge? Experiments showed both halves remembered equally well. Another researcher split a worm halfway down the middle, resulting in a two-headed worm. Two heads, he discovered, are better than one, as two-headed worms were able to learn faster than one-headed worms.

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ANSWERS 1. Esteban Yan, in 2004. 2. Five -- Cincinnati in 1990, and the New York Yankees in 1996 and 19982000. 3. The Gamecocks had never accomplished that before. 4. Six -- Elgin Baylor, Gail Goodrich, Magic Johnson, Jerry West, James Worthy and Jamaal Wilkes. 5. Vic Lynn (1942-54). 6. Six (2008-13). 7. Europe beat the U.S. 17.5-10.5 in 2003.

1. The almond-shaped brain portion is known as a fear center that tells us whether to fight, flee or be afraid. 2. 193 3. A boxer 4. Ottawa 5. Fauntleroy 6. Jupiter 2 7. James Fenimore Cooper 8. The Golden Hind 9. General Electric 10. Six

1) 1 Thessalonians 2) Bread/wine 3) Psalms 4) Voluntary 5) Fish’s belly 6) Paul

November 21 - November 27, 2013 • Planarians are small flatworms that live in ponds and streams. Dr. William Corning put a number of them in a bowl filled with water. He then turned on a bright light and followed it with a mild electric shock. The worms curled into a tight ball when they received the shock. Dr. Corning wanted to see if he could teach the worms to curl up in a ball before they received the shock. Two days later, when he turned on the bright light prior to giving them the shock, he was amazed to see the worms climb out of the water and perch on the bowl’s rim! • Between 20 to 30% of Florida’s citrus trees are killed by weevils which attack the roots. Nematodes (tiny worms) can control weevils, but they die quickly if the soil dries out. Enter super slurper—a modified corn starch product that absorbs water like a sponge and retains it. Scientists hope that soon citrus farmers will be able to buy pre-packaged nematodes, mix them with super slurper, and sprinkle them on the roots before planting. The result is happy nematodes, unhappy weevils, and happy citrus farmers. • The sheep-liver fluke is a small worm which hatches inside a snail. The snail ejects it in a ball of slime. The slime is then eaten by a passing ant, whereupon the fluke makes its way to the ant’s brain. There it takes over the ant, forcing it to sit on top of a piece of grass, where a sheep soon eats it. From there the fluke makes its way to the sheep’s liver, thereby completing the cycle. • The tardigrade is a type of microscopic worm. The name tardigrade is Latin for ‘slow walker.’ It has six tiny legs with claws, two eyes, and a mouth adapted to piercing and sucking out the contents of plants and other microscopic creatures. The tardigrade is unusual because it is capable of going into suspended animation. Its body is normally 85% water, but when conditions are dry, it dehydrates to the point of being just a husk, and can survive in a state of apparent death for decades. Tardigrades have been placed into vacuums; kept for months in pure hydrogen, nitrogen, helium, carbonic acid, and hydrogen sulphide; stored for months in liquid air at -392°F.; exposed to liquid helium at -519°; and dried for hours in temperatures up to 300°F. Still, when placed in room temperature water, they revived every time. Scientists examined a museum specimen of dried moss, found tardigrade husks in it, and revived them. They had been in suspended animation for 120 years. FAST FACTS • A type of parasitic worm lives only under the eyes of a hippo, surviving on its tears. • Worms, flies, and snails have hearts. • A robin can eat up to 14 feet (4 m) worth of worms in a day. • Earthworms have no lungs. They breathe through their skin.