Zephyr - Volume 1, Issue 6

Z

ephyr From the Kansas Historical Society

July/August 2024

EXPLORING RED ROCKS:

Home of the William Allen White Family (more on pages 16-17)

Contents From the Executive Director Stronger Together: Society and Foundation Section 106: Archeology Under the Polk-Quincy Viaduct 2024 Heritage Trust Fund Grant Recipients Newell-Johnson-Searle House Kansas Preservation Conference Recap Education YouTube Wind from South: On Dusting and Discoveries Exploring the History and Future of Microfilm Red Rocks: Home of the William Allen White Family Historic Site Updates Tune In! On This Day in Kansas History News and Notes Calendar

July/August 2024 – Volume 1, Issue 6 Patrick Zollner, Executive Director, State Historic Preservation Officer Bobbie Athon, Editor in Chief Ashley Wunder, Managing Editor Laura Paige, Layout Designer Anne Dorcey, Graphic Design Consultation Brenda Kipp, Contributing Writer

Published by the Kansas Historical Society 6425 SW 6th Avenue Topeka KS 66615-1099 Please send change of address information to the above address, email ashley.wunder@ks.gov, or call 785-272-8681, ext. 263.

Partial funding provided by the National Park Service, Department of the Interior. The contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute an endorsement or recommendation by the Department of the Interior. This program receives federal funds from the National Park Service. Regulations of the U.S. Department of the Interior strictly prohibit unlawful discrimination in departmental federally assisted programs on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, or handicap. Any person who believes he or she has been discriminated against in any program activity or facility operated by a recipient of federal assistance should write to: Office of Equal Opportunity, National Park Service 1849 C Street NW, Washington DC 20240.

©2024

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3 4 5 8 9 10 11 12 14 16 18 19 20 22 23

This circa 1870 photo of the Sioux City, Iowa, waterfront shows the Zephyr sternwheel that sunk on July 20, 1970, near Sibley, Missouri.

Image courtesy of the Murphy Library Special Collections/ARC, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse.

Kansas Zephyr Steamships transported passengers and cargo to and from the Kansas borders even before the territory was opened to settlement. They often faced challenges navigating the Missouri and Kansas rivers with mud deposits, rocks, and snags. Such a fate doomed two Zephyr steamers near Sibley, Jackson County, Missouri, just over the Kansas border. One Zephyr carried a load of railroad ties up the Missouri River, sank, and was lost in 1870. Another Zephyr loss was listed in 1875, a short distance to the west. The Kansas Legislature banned commercial river traffic in 1864, declaring the Kansas River non-navigable.

Editor’s Notes Volume 1, Issue 4, Page 20: First paragraph, third and fourth sentences should read, “Upon being granted a charter from the Kansas territorial legislature to form the Central Overland California and Pike’s Peak Express Company, Russell and his associates began operating the Pony Express on this day in 1860. Men with experience riding or caring for horses could earn $50 a month.”

Volume 1, Issue 5, Page 11: Fourth paragraph, last sentence should read, “You, too, can have a hand in helping to save such important and irreplaceable battle flags.”

Volume 1, Issue 5, Page 15: Photo caption should begin, “Kansas State Senator Elaine Bowers, Deputy Secretary of Operations and Director of Facilities and Property Management Frank Burnam…”

July/August 2024

From the Executive Director Patrick Zollner Current Projects in Progress

Executive Director Patrick Zollner, Lieutenant Governor David Toland, and Representative Jason Goetz establish preservation goals for Fort Dodge.

It has been a busy spring! We recently concluded another successful Kansas Preservation Conference hosted by Newton and North Newton (see page 10). Judge Richard Walker, past president of the Kansas Historical Foundation, provided the opening plenary and shared an entertaining account of his hometown’s early history. Chris Chain of Columbus, Mississippi, recounted his successes in utilizing preservation tax credits to revitalize downtown buildings across the South, experiences that practically paralleled those using our programs in Kansas.

Sometimes it helps to have an outside expert share the message we’ve been saying for years!

I especially enjoyed our tour of the Voth-Unruh-Fast House on the grounds of the Kauffman Museum at Bethel College.

Originally located near Goessel, it was once home to a family of German Mennonites, a group that began emigrating from Russia to Kansas in 1874. One hundred years later, volunteers moved this 1875 farmhouse to Bethel’s campus. The hybrid stud wall with adobe brick insulation construction was most interesting. We encouraged the museum staff members to submit a National Register nomination for this property.

We recently toured the historic Adair cabin at John Brown Museum State Historic Site in Osawatomie with city officials and Representative Sharice Davids. This led to the discussion of the much-needed infrastructure repair project at John Brown Memorial Park. As the site of the 1856 Battle of Osawatomie, the park was donated to the State of Kansas in 1910. Later that year on the anniversary of the battle, the site was formally dedicated by then former President Theodore Roosevelt. The original Adair cabin, which John Brown called home during his abolitionist activities in the Bleeding Kansas years of 1855-1856, was disassembled and relocated to the park in 1912. By 1928 the cabin was deteriorating and the Kansas Legislature appropriated funds to erect the current stone pavilion protecting the cabin from the elements. This proposed project would repair the park’s historic brick streets, sidewalks, and curbs. We are also working with the City of Osawatomie on another exciting project at John Brown Museum we hope to share in an upcoming issue of Zephyr.

For nearly 10 years the Kansas Historical Society (KSHS) has been working with local historic preservation advocates to save the circa 1870 Junior Officers’ Quarters at Fort Dodge near Dodge City. This frontier fort, active between 1865 and 1882, played an important role along the Santa Fe Trail and during settlement of western Kansas. Ownership of the fort was transferred to the state for use as a soldiers’ home in 1889, providing care and residence for retired Kansas veterans. After years of vacancy and deterioration, the Junior Officers’ Quarters was placed on the demolition list in 2017. We provided a Historic Preservation Fund grant to the Ford County Historical Society in 2019 to prepare a condition assessment report and alternative use feasibility study. Progress toward saving the building stalled during the first couple of years of Covid-19, but efforts improved dramatically in 2022 when Brigadier General

Kansas Historical Society

(retired) William Turner was appointed director of the Kansas Office of Veterans Services (KOVS).

A verbal agreement has been made between KSHS and KOVS to preserve the structure. KSHS will nominate the house to the National Register with plans to utilize federal funding to stabilize the foundation later this year. State legislation will be required during the next session to officially transfer the property to KSHS. We are excited about the possibility of this becoming our first site in southwest Kansas and supplementing the Santa Fe Trail history shared at Shawnee Indian Mission, Kaw Mission and Last Chance Store, and Pawnee Rock state historic sites. To raise funds for the restoration of this structure, new museum exhibits, and operation costs, we will partner with the Ford County Historical Society.

Finally, this past session the Kansas Legislature authorized $300,000 in state general funds toward the purchase of the Charles Curtis House in Topeka. The Kansas Legislature enacted K.S.A. 76-2049 and 76-2050 in 1986, declaring the property at 1101 SW Topeka Boulevard to possess “unusual historical interest.” KSHS was authorized to purchase the house and property, which, for reasons unknown at this time, did not occur.

Curtis had bought the house in 1907 and used it as his residence and official address until his death in 1936. It was listed in the National Register in 1973. Don and Nova Cottrell purchased the house in 1993, restoring it over the years and operating it as a museum. With Don’s and Nova’s passing, the house is currently for sale by their heirs.

State acquisition of the Curtis House would allow KSHS to operate it as a state historic site. We are excited to explore this opportunity to tell the story of the only Native American Vice President of the United States. Curtis experienced two very different worlds after his mother’s death, growing up with his maternal ancestors on the Kaw Reservation and his paternal ancestors in Topeka. He authored the Curtis Act in 1898, hoping to improve opportunities for Native Americans, but the act ultimately proved detrimental for Native people. Curtis also introduced the Equal Rights Amendment and supported the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, which lowered the cost of home ownership and designated Topeka as a bank site location.

As you can see, there are many great projects related to Kansas history in the works.

We will be sharing Representative Sharice Davids tours Adair Cabin more details in the at John Brown Museum State Historic Site. coming months!

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FOUNDATION

A non-profit supporting and promoting the work of the Historical Society through fund raising, fund management, membership, and retail.

STRONGER TOGETHER:

SOCIETY AND FOUNDATION

The Kansas Historical Society, a state agency, relies on the support of the Kansas Historical Foundation, a nonprofit organization, to actively preserve, interpret, and share Kansas history. To shed light on this vital partnership, we will begin highlighting the Foundation’s actvities in Zephyr, starting with a brief overview of its mission and history.

The Kansas Historical Foundation’s mission is to support and promote Kansas history through the work of the Kansas Historical Society. The Foundation and the Society were organized together by the Kansas Editors’ and Publishers’ Association in 1875. Their objectives included building membership, collecting the state’s history, and promoting the study of history.

The Society boosted its membership and preservation efforts by encouraging newspaper publishers to donate copies of their issues in exchange for a membership.

The board of directors kept close ties to the state’s newspaper industry, historians, county historical societies, and others interested in preserving the past. Quarterly publications shared contemporary scholarship in Kansas history and annual meetings provided a forum to share and discuss these topics. The state legislature added collecting

functions for government records to the Society over time.

The Kansas State Historical Society, Inc., dba Kansas Historical Foundation, was created in 2001, separating the state and non-state functions. The Kansas Historical Foundation is an IRS determined 501(c)(3) non-profit that serves as a fund raising, fund management, membership, and retail organization. The Foundation continues to serve as publisher of Kansas History: A Journal of the Central Plains, produced by Kansas State University’s Department of History. The Foundation’s $6.5 million capital campaign to create new exhibits for the Kansas Museum of History was recently completed.

That campaign’s success led to the current major renovations now underway at the museum.

The Foundation continues to provide the Society with invaluable support, which we look forward to detailing in upcoming issues. To learn more about the non-profit’s membership program, fundraising efforts, and online and onsite stores, go to bit.ly/kshsfoundation. For giving opportunities, view our online donation platform at bit.ly/kshsdonate or contact John Pinegar: john.pinegar@ks.gov; 785-272-8691, ext. 201.

WITH APPRECIATION:

JOHN PINEGAR

INTERIM FOUNDATION DIRECTOR We want to express our appreciation to John Pinegar who briefly served as interim CEO and development director for the Kansas Historical Foundation. John has served on the Foundation board of directors since 2007, been on the executive committee since 2009, and currently leads the board’s audit committee. He graciously agreed to serve in this capacity during the search for a new director. With his more than 40 years in Kansas politics and governmental relations, John’s work in this position has made for a smooth transition. As a fourth generation Kansan, he shares a passion for the history of the state.

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CAPITOL STORE, TOPEKA

Kansas gifts and souvenirs are available at the Kansas State Capitol in downtown Topeka. The Capitol Store is open 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.

Saturday. Shoppers can find unique jewelry items made with older copper from the Capitol roof. These items have been specially designed for sale here by Kansas jewelers. Arts and crafts, books, clothing, home items, photographs, and posters are also available. The store is located near the visitor center at the north wing ground level entrance.

For more details contact 785-296-4537 or visit bit.ly/kscapitolstore.

July/August 2024

ARCHEOLOGY

Protecting and understanding the archeological resources of Kansas— working with local, state, and tribal entities, offering educational programming, and conducting and sharing research.

SECTION 106 IN ACTION:

ARCHEOLOGY UNDER THE POLK-QUINCY VIADUCT

Shelby Beltz, MA, SHPO Archeologist

Topeka was among the first cities established in the new Kansas Territory, founded in November 1854. Early settlers developed residences and businesses along Shelby the Kansas River. Over the decades Beltz this land was repurposed many times until the Polk-Quincy Viaduct was installed in 1956. Let’s explore why this history is relevant to the Kansas Historical Society’s Contract Archeology Program (CAP).

In part, it is because of preservation laws. The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), enacted in 1966, established a program to preserve historic and cultural resources within the United States. Section 106 is a process within this act that requires federal agencies to consider the preservation of these resources and how a project or undertaking would impact them.

Projects that receive federal funding, are on federal land, or require a federal permit are subject to review under this act. The Kansas State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) was created in 1977 to ensure that federal agencies uphold the requirements of Section 106 in Kansas. Through this process the SHPO has the authority to comment on the undertakings, their effect on historic resources, and the potential eligibility of the resources to be listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

The process can be more complicated with archeology, since not all archeological sites are recorded. The SHPO archeologist reviewing projects can request that a survey be conducted to identify any potentially eligible archeological sites within the project area.

Kansas Historical Society

If historic properties are identified, and it is determined that the undertaking would have an adverse effect on the property and the construction plans cannot be altered, steps will be implemented to ensure correct measures are taken to mitigate the effect. This includes developing a memorandum of agreement.

The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT), while a state agency, in some cases must go through the Section 106 review process because KDOT receives funding from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), a federal agency. Our CAP archeologists conduct initial reviews for KDOT projects to identify cultural resources and assess the potential for these projects to impact unknown cultural resources. Once reviewed, CAP submits the projects to the SHPO for comment. If the SHPO asks for a survey of a project, CAP will survey the area to identify historic resources and the potential impact to them.

The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA), enacted in 1966, established a program to preserve historic and cultural resources within the United States. Section 106 is a process within this act that requires federal agencies to consider the preservation of these resources and how a project or undertaking would impact them.

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Haywood Residence, before survey

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The Polk-Quincy Viaduct on I-70 in downtown Topeka is one recent CAP project with KDOT. The mayor of Topeka designated a committee to oversee an urban renewal project funded by the federal government in 1956. This renewal project resulted in the construction of I-70 in Topeka, which was completed in 1964.

This project displaced more than 100 families in downtown Topeka.

Once 60 years had passed after initial construction, it was clear that the viaduct needed extensive repairs and/or reconstruction.

The reconstruction began in 2022 through the Eisenhower Legacy Transportation Program, also known as the IKE. Because the IKE program is federally funded, the project was subject to Section 106 review.

This project was of interest to the SHPO because of the potential for unrecorded historic resources. In addition, a property that was previously recorded as an archeological site needed further investigation to determine its National Register eligibility.

Initially a residential neighborhood with some commercial frontage, the site later transitioned to commercial and industrial use. Typically an archeological survey is conducted prior to the demolition or construction of buildings within the proposed project area. Since this area had experienced decades of change, CAP had the unique opportunity to work alongside the construction crew as they demolished structures and removed concrete and pavement, which allowed them to survey the area beneath the built environment. Due to the complexity of this project, a programmatic agreement was signed between the FHWA, KDOT, and SHPO to allow the survey to be conducted. CAP started the survey in July 2022 and continues to work on the project.

Archeological survey has been completed on the north side of the existing viaduct, resulting in the identification of several historic artifacts and features that date to the residential neighborhood.

The Haywood Residence (14SH118) was recorded as an archeological site.

The structure was built in the early to mid-1880s by Charles Wolff, a prominent Topeka businessman. By Haywood Residence, during survey 1885 it was inhabited by James Haywood, a formerly

July/August 2024

This cache of beverage bottles was discovered at the Haywood residence.

Working to Comply with Updated NAGPRA Regulations NIKKI KLARMANN, PhD State Archeologist

enslaved man from Missouri, and his family. It was sold to Kenneth N. Miller in 1954 and to Charles G. Carver in 1976. Several archeological features were identified on this property, including multiple dense concentrations of artifacts, foundations or wall remnants, a brick-laid sidewalk, a cistern, and a cache of beverage bottles. Some of these features could date to the Haywood family’s occupation, with some overlapping with the Miller and potentially the Carver occupations.

Several other interesting features were identified outside the Haywood residence survey. These include foundations or wall remnants, burn pits or areas displaying burned soils, and a cistern. The foundation of Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific Railroad Company, constructed in the early 1880s, was also identified, along with an early dry-laid limestone well and footings potentially from the Chesterfield Hotel.

Although these features and artifacts tell a story of the people who once lived in the area, none fit the criteria to be considered eligible for or contributing to an NRHP-eligible property, thus concluding the Section 106 review in this specific area of the project. This example illustrates how federal and state entities work closely to ensure historic properties are documented and protected using the Section 106 process. The information gained from this survey is none-the-less invaluable in understanding early Topeka.

To find more information about the Polk-Quincy Viaduct project, visit www.polkquincy.ksdot.gov.

This dry-laid limestone well was identified in the survey area.

Kansas Historical Society

In our November/December 2023 issue of Zephyr I discussed the $100,000 consultation/ documentation grant we received through the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). Work is ongoing as part of this grant and progress is being made on completing itemized lists of remains and associated funerary objects in our care. These lists will be sent to affiliated Tribal Nations in the next few months.

Since our award of the grant in August 2023, NAGPRA regulations have been updated. These changes by the U.S. Department of the Interior were made in December 2023 and went into effect in early January 2024. The updates require consultation and deference be paid to lineal descendants and/or affiliated Native American Tribes or Native Hawaiian Organizations (NHOs) for Native American sacred objects, objects of cultural patrimony, funerary objects, and/or human remains to be displayed or researched.

As we go through this process, and pending consultation with the represented communities, we have covered or removed displays that may contain cultural items subject to these regulations.

Additionally, access to collections by researchers and the loaning of collections from Native American sites has paused while we assess our compliance with the updated regulations. Our staff members are in the process of reviewing our collections and completing a summary of possible cultural items within our care. As we work toward completing the summary, we will be contacting affiliated Tribes for a review of these items.

These regulation changes are a positive step forward, but we also recognize that this process is long overdue. The Kansas Historical Society is committed to complying with NAGPRA by consulting and collaborating with affiliated communities whose heritage is represented in our exhibits and collections.

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CONGRATULATING THE

2024 HERITAGE TRUST FUND GRANT RECIPIENTS

By Lauren Jones, MA, National Register Reviewer

The Heritage Trust Fund (HTF) grant is a state program that provides matching funds for the preservation of properties listed in the National Register of Historic Places or the Register of Historic Kansas Places. Developed in 1990, the program has awarded more than $30 million to projects across the state. Awards have been granted for the preservation of water towers, bridges, historic theaters, barns, and other historic buildings.

This program is funded by a per page fee collected by each county’s register of deeds. The HTF reimburses qualifying restoration or preservation expenses, including construction costs and professional fees.

Individual awards may not exceed $100,000 and must be matched by the grant recipient (80 percent/20 percent).

Applications for the 2024 grant round were due November 1, 2023, and awards were announced February 3, 2024. The Historic Sites Board of Review committee recommended 15 awards totaling $1,213,904 in proposed grant funding. We want to congratulate the property owners selected as this year’s recipients:

APPLICATIONS FOR THE 2025 HTF GRANT ROUND ARE DUE NOVEMBER 1, 2024.

To be eligible, local governments, nonprofits, for-profit entities, or individuals must own a property that is listed in the National or State Register or contributes to a listed historic district. Informational HTF grant workshops will be held soon to provide step-by-step application instructions.

Find more updates on the 2025 HTF grant round by visiting bit.ly/kshshtf, scanning this QR code, or following KSHPO’s Facebook page.

PROPERTY NAME

CITY

AWARD

PROJECT FOCUS

811 5th Street

Clay Center

$100,000

Roof and structural stabilization

Fowler Swimming Pool Fowler $70,080 and Bathhouse

Gentle structural cleaning, pool and bathhouse repainting, and lighting, stall, and bench installation

Girard Carnegie Library

Girard

$40,000

Roof replacement

St. Joseph Catholic Church

Hays

$100,000

Wood window repair (stained glass windows)

Fox Theatre Hutchinson $100,000

Roof removal and replacement, flashing of parapets and roof penetrations, and masonry repair/repointing

Stamey Hotel

Masonry repair/repointing and stabilization

Hutchinson

$100,000

Main Masonic Hall Building Independence $90,000

Roof replacement, window repair, masonry repair, and structural stabilization

Geary County Courthouse

Junction City

$100,000

Masonry repair (repointing)

Old Katy Bridge

Junction City

$81,984

Metal truss bridge repair

Vernon School at Quindaro

Kansas City

$22,080

Wood doors and transoms repair

Original Pony Express Marysville $100,000 Museum Home Station

Masonry repair (repointing) and select stone replacement

McPherson Opera House

McPherson

$29,760

Window repair, masonry repair, structural stabilization

Anna Richardson-Brown House

Nickerson

$100,000

Foundation repair and stabilization

Nora Larabee Memorial Library

Stafford

$100,000

Wood window repair

Hicks Block

Topeka

$80,000

Masonry repair (repointing)

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July/August 2024

STATE HISTORIC PRESERVATION OFFICE (SHPO)

Preserving and protecting the state’s historic buildings, structures, and sites through financial assistance programs, technical guidance, and regulations; working with federal, state, and local communities and partners to interpret and preserve these resources.

HERITAGE TRUST FUND PROJECT:

NEWELL-JOHNSON-SEARLE HOUSE

By Lauren Jones, MA, National Register Reviewer

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AFTER

A

s part of the 2021 Heritage Trust Fund Grant round, the Newell-Johnson-Searle House in Jefferson County was awarded $82,900 to preserve a stone outbuilding. The project included masonry, roof, window, and woodwork repairs.

The Newell-Johnson-Searle House was nominated to the National Register of Historic Places for both its significance in the area of exploration/settlement as well as its association with Jesse Newell. Jefferson County was one of the 33 original counties established by the territorial legislature in 1855. Among the first to settle near Big Slough Creek in the area that would later become Oskaloosa was Dr. James Noble, from Missouri. Jesse Newell and his brother-in-law Joseph Fitsimmons acquired Noble’s farm and cabin in 1856 and moved their families to the area. That move put Jesse Newell in the heart of Bleeding Kansas, when proslavery and free-state forces clashed to determine if Kansas would be a free or slave state. Newell played a significant role in defending the free-state cause along with his Jefferson County neighbors. Newell was also a founder of the town of Oskaloosa.

Before the grant was awarded, the Newell-JohnsonSearle outbuilding was deteriorating due to lack of maintenance and improper repairs to the masonry.

Kansas Historical Society

The building envelope, or enclosure, was failing, which led to even more issues on the interior of the property. The mortar joints that fill the space between the stone blocks were historically made with a softer mix than is BEFORE used today. These joints, which reduce pressure from historic stone, are easier to replace than the stone itself. To repair the walls, masons removed existing mortar joints and replaced them with a compatible mortar mix, a process called tuckpointing. The roof shingles were also removed and the support system was inspected to determine what needed to be mended or replaced. Once the roof was repaired, the building was secure enough to begin the final touches—repairing the interior floor and the historic wood windows, doors, and trim. With the restoration complete, this house can continue to serve as a reminder of the history of Jesse Newell and the early settlers of Jefferson County.

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2024 KANSAS PRESERVATION CONFERENCE RECAP Bethany Falvey, MFA, Subgrants Manager The conference’s opening reception was held at the Kauffman Museum. Attendees explored the 1875 Voth-Unruh-Fast farmhouse relocated on the grounds.

WoodWorks Restoration described components of a historic wood window before providing a hands-on demonstration.

The 2024 Kansas Preservation Conference, held May 15 through 17, featured 13 sessions with a range of topics designed to educate and inform the state’s preservation community. Conference activities were held at venues across Newton and North Newton, many of which are listed in the National Register of Historic Places. The conference also provided networking opportunities and highlighted resources available to property owners, businesses, non-profits, and government entities.

A workshop geared toward Certified Local Government (CLG) and Main Street communities kicked off the conference on Wednesday. Thursday offered sessions on preservation and cultural resource topics, including historic paint investigation, modern architecture, archeology, and the state of preservation in Kansas. The conference concluded on Friday with 10 Zephyr

Chris Chain of Renovations of Mississippi delivered the keynote presentation on Thursday, May 16.

an introduction to the historic survey planned for Downtown Newton, a hands-on window workshop, and the Kansas Preservation Alliance’s (KPA) annual awards.

The awards program honored the life and achievements of the late Dr. Richard Wagner, who helped found the Kansas Preservation Alliance. Wagner began his teaching career in Kansas State University’s College of Architecture and was active in Manhattan’s preservation efforts. He later served as a partner at David Gleason Architects in Baltimore, ran the Urban Main Street Program, and established the Master of Architecture program at Goucher College.

This year’s successful event brought together 85 participants from 29 Kansas counties and five states.

The 2025 Kansas Preservation Conference will be held in Topeka. Join us next year for more learning and networking opportunities!

July/August 2024

MUSEUM AND EDUCATION

Using stories from Kansas history to encourage new explorations of the past, understand our present, and appreciate the experiences of others; collecting, preserving, and providing access to the state’s material culture.

Education YouTube

By Trae Johnson MA, Assistant Director of Education and Outreach

K

ansas Historical Society Education is a one-stop shop for video content related to Kansas history. Our Education department launched this education-focused YouTube channel in July 2021 to provide educators across the state a carefully curated source of reliable, well-researched, and engaging videos. We have produced 50 educational videos over a wide range of topics, including Bleeding Kansas, the Santa Fe Trail, and the Kansas State Capitol.

Additionally, we offer read-alongs and sing-alongs designed specifically for younger viewers to make Kansas history both informative and entertaining.

Our content is designed with teachers in mind, and many of our videos closely align with Kansas History, Government, and Social Studies Standards. Several videos pose essential questions or are accompanied with lesson plans. The Kansas Historical Society recognizes that digital media continues to play an increasingly significant role in our lives and in the classroom, so we strive to provide accessible and free educational content to all. Each video contains verified, accurate closed captioning, and hand-picked playlists make locating related videos effortless.

While our primary audience is educators, our content and delivery style will still engage and expand the knowledge of history enthusiasts as well. We develop videos to provide insights and explanations to help viewers of all ages better understand various elements of Kansas history. Have a fear of heights?

Rest assured, because our “Kansas State Capitol Dome Tour” takes viewers to the top of the Capitol dome, climbing all 296 steps, and offers a breathtaking 360-degree view of Topeka.

Our content is designed with teachers in mind, and many of our videos closely align with Kansas History, Government, and Social Studies Standards.

Kansas Historical Society

To become one of our subscribers and receive notifications whenever we upload a new video, visit bit.ly/ksedutube or scan this QR code!

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WIND FROM SOUTH:

ON DUSTING AND DISCOVERIES

Museum staff members tested cleaning methods in small areas, as shown here on the lower wing.

Dust is being removed on the biplane’s upper wing.

With cleaning complete, the Longren biplane is ready for exhibition.

Nikaela Zimmerman, MA, Museum Collections Manager

Robert Billard donated a uniquely Kansas biplane to the Kansas Museum of History in 1938. Built by Albin Longren of Topeka in 1914, the plane was flown by Longren in exhibitions for a year before he crashed it in 1915. After making the necessary repairs, he sold the plane to Philip Billard, the donor’s brother, a Topeka aviator who later died testing planes for the Allies during World War I. In the museum galleries in downtown Topeka, the plane was displayed on the floor. When the Kansas Museum of History opened its current location, staff members partially disassembled the plane and transported it across town. With help from a conservator at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C., staff hung the Longren from the ceiling in the new gallery in 1987. Because of its location, the plane was difficult to access and infrequently cleaned. Dust accumulated until 2023, when the Longren was lowered for gallery renovations to begin.

Artifacts are often exhibited in cases to protect them from dust and pollutants in the air. When an object is too big for a case, regular cleaning is needed to preserve the artifact and keep it looking its best for visitors.

Sometimes artifacts are displayed in a way that prevents museum staff from accessing and cleaning them easily.

This was the case with the Longren.

Museum staff members wanted to ensure the biplane was as clean as possible before its reinstallation in the gallery. Our focus is preservation rather than restoration, or keeping the artifact as it is rather than returning it to like-new condition. Cleaning is an important part of preservation. Dust can cause surface scratches, staining, and corrosion. It might also attract pests, which can lead to even more damage.

Our focus is preservation rather than restoration, or keeping the artifact as it is rather than returning it to like-new condition. Cleaning is an important part of preservation.

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July/August 2024

The first step was a thorough inspection of the plane to determine what degree of cleaning it could withstand.

The Longren’s wings are made of sealed cotton canvas stretched tightly over a wooden frame. Patches cover old rips and holes, and the lower wings bear unrepaired holes and tears, suggesting the canvas is fragile. Staff feared that touching the canvas might cause further tears and vacuuming might pull the canvas off the frame. Inspection and test cleaning in small areas showed the wings are more stable than they look. The wood and metal parts are in excellent condition.

With the Longren’s stability confirmed, cleaning could begin. We carefully used compressed air at low pressure to remove as much loose dust as possible. We followed that by using a vacuum with a wand attachment to remove the more stubborn dust. Finally, we gently wiped the surface of the wings with a microfiber cloth to pick up as much remaining dust as possible. We also cleaned the metal and wood components with a microfiber cloth and then applied a thin layer of Butcher’s wax to protect the wood, buffing it to a shine.

Cleaning artifacts can present opportunities to learn more about the artifacts and make exciting discoveries.

While working on the Longren, we saw that the lower right wing bears the words “Wind From South.” It appears to be written in the adhesive used to patch the plane’s wings and is only visible in certain light.

After approximately 80 hours of cleaning, the Longren is ready to wing its way to a new location in the museum gallery. Visitors will have a better view of the plane, and museum staff will be able to access it more easily for regular cleaning. With the right care, it will be around for generations to come.

Albin Longren stands by the Longren No. 5 his wife Dolly is seated at in this 1914 photo. This biplane was donated to KSHS in 1938.

Kansas Historical Society

Staff Member Spotlight

NIKAELA ZIMMERMAN Collections Manager

Nikaela Zimmerman is the collections manager for the Kansas Museum of History. Considered the protector and advocate of the collections, Nikaela is responsible for cleaning and preparing artifacts for storage or exhibition, consulting with exhibits staff members on preservation-focused display techniques, managing the museum collections database, cataloging new donations, monitoring storage and exhibit environmental conditions, and answering questions from patrons,.

As a child growing up in western Kansas, Nikaela found stories of the past fascinating. She often took trips to historic sites, wanting to visit the locations she had learned about. Nikaela received bachelor’s degrees in history and psychology from the University of Kansas as well as a master’s in museum studies. She also possesses a level one certification from the Campell Center for Historic Preservation Studies.

Nikaela began at the museum as the assistant registrar before moving up to registrar and eventually her current position. Some of her favorite things about her job include working closely with artifacts that have witnessed history, going on deep dives to uncover the provenance and story of an artifact, and having the opportunity to learn new facts about our state’s history every day.

Currently, her role is focused on figuring out how to exhibit artifacts in the new gallery while keeping the preservation of these items in mind. She has also been hard at work cleaning and preparing the large artifacts that must be installed first.

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STATE ARCHIVES

Collecting, preserving, and providing access to the state’s history through unpublished materials, personal papers, audio-visual materials, and government, organization, and business records.

Exploring the History and Future of Microfilm

By Jennnifer Thompson, Image Technician What is Microfilm?

This is the process of preserving documents onto film with micro-photography to reduce the size of the original document and record it for compact storage and long-term archival preservation.

The Historical Society produces microfilm, filmed with a Kodak Recordak Planetary Camera, to preserve the newspaper collection. The film process uses chemistry and time to develop and fix images on the roll. After passing a quality inspection, the primary roll is duplicated and positive copies can be made if needed.

Benefits of Microfilm This reliable long-term storage solution is an analog format. Microfilm is completely immune to

cyberattacks and electronic data loss. Electronic files are not reliable for long-term storage of archival information. Software and systems change rapidly, and files can become corrupt or lost. This is the only medium that assures retention for up to 500 years if properly produced and stored. Users only need magnification and a light source to view it.

History of the Lab KSHS committed to the preservation of newspapers with its inception in 1875. Newspaper microfilming began in July 1946 with funding from the state legislature. Two employees were hired and one Recordak 35mm planetary microfilm camera was purchased. They produced 22 rolls of microfilm that fiscal year, with more than 200 the following year.

Bell and Howell received and processed the film from 1946 to 1979. Once returned, it was inspected and sent back to Bell and Howell for duplication and storage.

With the support of five employees and two cameras, production increased in the mid-1970s, at which time the catalog of microfilm rolls was moved to the underground vault storage in Hutchinson. There in the former salt mines, all our original film was protected with year-round climate conditions of 56 degrees and 30 percent relative humidity. New film was also sent there for processing.

This primary roll has been processed and dried and is undergoing a quality inspection.

Kansas received a grant from the Library of Congress in 1980 as part of the National Endowment for the Humanities’ new U.S. Newspaper Project. With the grant and state appropriations, the Society added five more cameras and five more employees.

The agency produced 18,000 rolls during the first 34 years of production. Since 1980 we have produced 36,000 rolls of microfilm in the KSHS lab. Our catalog of microfilm rolls was moved to the Historical Society in 1993 where they are still stored to this day.

Newspapers are stacked and organized in the State Archives collections space.

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Current Operations The Historical Society has been planning for the return of the microfilm lab for some time. It was determined that an older and lower volume processor would better fit our current needs. With its addition, new staffing, and some upcoming repairs, we hope to achieve that goal in the coming months.

July/August 2024

Importance of the Microfilm Lab A functioning microfilm lab is important for several reasons, including archival preservation and saving space. Newspapers continue to arrive daily in physical and digital formats. Physical newspapers fill storage space and the inexpensive, non-archival paper deteriorates over time. The lab manages existing microfilm rolls; some older rolls develop vinegar syndrome and must be duplicated to address shrinking, warping, and brittleness. Our lab can duplicate these affected rolls to ensure information is not lost.

Staff Member Spotlight

JENNIFER THOMPSON, Image Technician

Future Our short-term goal is to return to a fully functional microfilm lab so we can preserve and share our Kansas newspapers for generations to come. Our long-term goal is to acquire an archive writer to produce microfilm from digital images of newspapers and to make digital copies of physical newspapers. Microfilm is still the best medium for the storage of archival quality newspaper images.

Electronic files are not safe from loss or corruption. Our microfilm lab plays an important role in the preservation of our valuable Kansas newspaper collection.

Accessing Microfilm A virtually complete collection of all Kansas newspapers published from the 1850s to the present is available on 35 mm microfilm. Many newspapers dating from 18541922 are also online and free for Kansas residents to view.

Check out our newspaper database at bit.ly/ksnewsdb to determine if specific newspaper titles or date ranges are available on microfilm or accessible online.

Most of the Kansas newspaper collection preserved on microfilm is available to view in the State Archives research room. The microfilm is self-serve and visitors can make copies of articles for $.25 per page. Kansas residents can also borrow the Society’s microfilm by placing a request for an interlibrary loan through their local library.

Another benefit of microfilming research materials is the cost-effectiveness of duplication. Patrons may order positive duplicates of newspapers, census, and other microfilmed materials if the Society owns the negatives.

The cost is $75 per reel for 35mm film or $60 per reel for 16mm film, plus applicable sales tax, shipping, and handling fees. To place a microfilm order or inquire about costs, please email kshs.microfilm@ks.gov

Plan Your Visit!

Starting in July, the research room will be open every Saturday!

State Archives Research Room 6425 SW 6th Avenue, Topeka, KS 66615 Visit 9 a.m. – 12 p.m., 1 – 4 p.m. Tuesday – Friday; 9 a.m. – 12 p.m. Saturday

Kansas Historical Society

Hidden away in a small dark room adjacent to the photography studio, Jennifer Thompson patiently photographs documents to capture digital images.

Thompson is an image technician for the Kansas Historical Society’s State Archives Division. Part of her job is to create digital images of photos, negatives, manuscripts, and other documents for patrons and Society efforts. Thompson is also responsible for filming newspapers on microfilm, managing the microfilm library, and duplicating deteriorating rolls to new ones. Thompson enjoys the photography aspect of her job, which is something she loves to do outside of work. She appreciates this important role in preserving Kansas history.

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STATE HISTORIC SITES

Preserving and protecting the state historic sites placed under the care of the Historical Society; educating visitors and classes through exhibits, exterior interpretation, and programming.

Red Rocks: Home of the William Allen White Family

By Tiffany Grassmuck, MA, Historic Sites Supervisor

Visit Red Rocks to view items that belonged to the White family, like this Corona typewriter.

William Allen White hosts then former President Roosevelt at his Emporia home in 1910.

The nationally acclaimed journalist William Allen White lived in Red Rocks with his family in Emporia.

The influential Republican figure was an advocate for social reform. Known as the “Sage of Emporia,” his editorial “What’s the Matter with Kansas?” was widely published. He received the Pulitzer Prize three times: for editorial writing (1922), special citation (1944), and autobiography, posthumously (1947). White’s friendships with politicians like Theodore Roosevelt helped place Kansas in the spotlight. The Emporia newspaperman became a voice for Middle America.

William Allen and Sallie (Lindsay) White purchased Red Rocks at 927 Exchange Street in 1899. His mother, Mary Hatten White, lived with the family until her home was completed to the south of Red Rocks in 1904. The granddaughter of William Allen and Sallie, Barbara White Walker, donated Red Rocks and the mother’s house to the state in 2001.

White’s influence reached far beyond his hometown to occupy a role as respected national political analyst.

He influenced public opinion through his writing and through key appointments to committees including as delegate to the Russian Conference by President Woodrow Wilson, President’s Commission to Haiti

by President Herbert Hoover, and the Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The year 2024 marks the 100th anniversary of his campaign for governor as an independent running on an anti-Ku Klux Klan platform. He tried and failed to convince the Democrat or Republican candidates to denounce the Klan. The spirited campaign resulted in his third place finish but gained national and international attention for his fight.

Renovations to Red Rocks began upon state acquisition in 2001. The visitor center was built in 2004 and opened with the state historic site in 2005. Stay tuned for restoration work at the mother’s house in 2024.

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Plan Your Visit!

Red Rocks State Historic Site 927 Exchange Street, Emporia, KS 66801 Visit

10 a.m. – 5 p.m. Wednesday – Saturday; 1 – 5 p.m. Sunday Open April 17 – October 13, 2024

Admission is free!

July/August 2024

Updates to the Visitor Center The visitor center is a vital component of Red Rocks State Historic Site. It is where visitors view an orientation video on William Allen White, attend educational programming, and shop in the museum store. In preparation for the 20th anniversary of Red Rocks’ opening as a state historic site, the William Allen White Community Partnership, Inc., raised funds to remodel the building’s interior. Kathie Buckman, president of the board, and Darla Mallein, vice president, led efforts to raise funds for Match Day, sponsored by the Emporia Community Foundation.

With this support the visitor center received new carpet, involved updates to the visitor center’s exhibits, highlighting tile, and interior paint on the walls and doors. Evergreen William Allen White’s life and personal artifacts, including Design-Build installed the new flooring. The remodel also his address book and letters.

Introducing Lori DeWinkler, Site Administrator Lori DeWinkler has provided tours at Red Rocks since 2019, first as a tour guide for special events and school groups. Lori became the site administrator in 2023. She has shared the history of William Allen White, his family, and the site with people from around the world. Lori is delighted to greet the many visitors who travel from Wichita, Kansas City, Topeka, and beyond who spend a day exploring Emporia and Red Rocks.

Join Us for Sundays at the Site in Emporia The William Allen White Community Partnership, Inc., presents Sundays at the Site at 2 p.m. on the second and fourth Sundays from May 19 through September 22, 2024. The series’ first and last events feature programming on the porch; programs in between are held in the visitor center. This series of lectures and events focuses on White’s legacy, as well as writing, journalism, and history. The last event, known as Poetry on the Porch, will mark its 18th season in 2024.

Kansas Historical Society

Lori’s favorite event is Authors on the Porch, when intermediate school students from across Kansas visit Red Rocks to meet two authors and tour the home of the White family. Before arriving, students spend time reading books by Kansas authors and vote for their favorite. The top two winning authors attend the event to sign books and take photos with the students.

In its 12th season, this program will be held at 5 p.m.

Wednesday, October 4, 2024.

July 14 “The Frank Lloyd Wright / Henry Allen House in Wichita,” by Allen House Docent Randy Steinert

July 28 “Gen. Funston and Lt. Col. Roosevelt: The Military Exploits of W.A. White’s Good Friends,” by Military Historian Chris Lovett

August 11 “Emporia Architects Brinkman and Squires at the End of the 19th Century,” by Brad Cochennet

William Allen White rests in a hammock next to his son, William Lindsay, and wife, Sallie, on the porch at Red Rocks.

September 8 “The History of Emporia Masonic Lodge #12,” by Lodge Leaders Tyler Curtis and/ or David Hendricks

September 22 “Poetry on the Porch XVIII,” presented by Past Kansas Poet Laureate Kevin Rabas

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Historic Sites Updates

Heritage Day - Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield State Historic Site, Pleasanton 10 a.m. - 5 p.m. Saturday, August 3, 2024

Park Day - Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield State Historic Site, Pleasanton

We are excited to invite visitors to the annual Heritage Day, a celebration of our rich cultural roots and historic legacy. This year we curated an exceptional lineup of events Keeping our nation’s heritage preserved and pristine that promise to engage, educate, and entertain visitors of all ages. There will be immersive historical reenactments, Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield hosted captivating storytelling sessions, Civil War cavalry and cannon around 25 volunteers for the annual Park Day, demonstrations, live music, and guided tours to offer a glimpse April 6, 2024. Each year, thousands of history into the vibrant past. enthusiasts, community-minded citizens, families, The visitor center will be open regular hours with convenient and Boy Scouts come together to help keep our accommodations including streaming of the Battle of Mine Creek nation’s heritage preserved and pristine. film. Situated on more than 300 acres of American Battlefield Each year our battlefield teams up with grounds, guests can enjoy more than 3.5 miles of mowed walking the American Battlefield Trust on Park Day to trails featuring interpretive signage. Trails are open daily dawn to spotlight beloved American landscapes nationwide. dusk for visitors to explore.

Earlier this year, the site applied for a grant through the History enthusiasts, lovers of cultural heritage, and those National Park Service, which funds initiatives to plan, seeking a memorable experience will enjoy Heritage Day. interpret, and protect these sites. If awarded this summer, We encourage visitors to mark their calendars and be a part our staff members will be thrilled to pursue a planning and of this extraordinary commemoration at Mine Creek Civil preservation project here at Mine Creek Civil War Battlefield.

War Battlefield State Historic Site, 20485 K-52, Pleasanton, Historic battlefields and sites of armed conflict are powerful Kansas 66075. reminders of the shared heritage of all Americans. Improvement projects will keep historic sites and battlefields clean, open, and accessible for the enjoyment of all. This year’s Park Day projects included painting, maintenance, and trail clean-up. Our dedicated volunteers enjoyed the satisfaction of the work as well as breakfast, lunch, and an official Park Day backpack.

Park Day is an annual event, usually held in early April, with invitations open to all. We thank our volunteers for 10 a.m. - 4 p.m. Sunday, August 25, 2024 making 2024 Park Day a success!

Please join us for the 38th annual Pony Express Festival, a celebration of the Pony Express riders and the historical trail. There will be activities for all ages, including wagon rides, period demonstrations, station tours, and live music. Lunch will be available from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m., and a mochila exchange will be held at 3 p.m.

Bring your family to enjoy a glimpse into this fascinating time at Hollenberg Pony Express Station State Historic Site, 2889 23rd Road, Hanover, Kansas 66945.

Pony Express Festival – Hollenberg Pony Express Station State Historic Site, Hanover

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July/August 2024

It’s time for

Sunflower Summer!

Kansas Tourism's Sunflower Summer program offers Kansas families the chance to explore Kansas — for free! Download the app to enjoy admission to over 220 attractions, including our 16 State Historic Sites!

Download the App Today!

Our sites already offer free admission, but using the app to visit will generate funding to help preserve them for future generations. KSHS will receive a $5 grant for each eligible ticket downloaded and redeemed at a State Historic Site between May 25 and August 11. Don’t miss this opportunity to support our sites — for free!

SunflowerSummer.org

TUNE IN!

Featuring documentaries, YouTube videos, podcasts and other audiovisual offerings that highlight engaging stories related to Kansas history.

Bad Blood: The Border War that Triggered the Civil War

Cottonwood Connections: Fort Hays State Historic Site

The Story of the Kansas State Capitol

Kansas helped light the fuse in what would become a nation-wide conflict between the North and the South. Bad Blood: The Border War that Triggered the Civil War digs deep into the struggle between proslavery Missourians and antislavery forces in Kansas Territory.

This program features reenactors interpreting the events of the day and stories from abolitionists, Missouri farmers, editors, politicians, and prominent figures like James Lane, Charles and Sara Robinson, and John Brown. A co-production of Wide Awake Films and KCPT PBS, this 1.5 hour presentation relied on resources from the Kansas Historical Society: bit.ly/pbsbadblood

Fort Hays gained a prominent reputation in part for the famous people associated with the post, including Buffalo Bill, “Wild Bill” Hickok, and George Armstrong Custer. Cottonwood Connections: Historic Fort Hays is a 25-minute video presented by Smoky Hills PBS and hosted by Don Rowlison, site administrator of Cottonwood Ranch State Historic Site. The video features Adam Conkey, site administrator of Fort Hays State Historic Site in Hays.

Former Fort Hays site administrator Bob Wilhelm details the history of the post and emphasizes its role in sharing the story of western Kansas. Many photos featured in the video were provided by the Kansas Historical Society: bit.ly/historichays

Kansas’ most important architectural resource is the subject of a 12-minute video produced by the Kansas Historical Society. The Story of the Kansas State Capitol provides a brief history of events preceding the building of the statehouse.

Viewers will discover insights into the Capitol’s design, construction techniques, and materials. Through numerous historical photographs and narration, the film tells the story of the building process, the workers, the various renovations, and the path to completion: bit.ly/kshscapitolstory

Kansas Historical Society

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On this Day in Kansas History

7/1

KTVH-TV Channel 12 in Hutchinson was the first television station in Kansas. It began broadcasting on this day in 1953 serving both the Hutchinson and Wichita areas. A CBS affiliate, the station initially supplemented with NBC, ABC, and DuMont network programming.

A satellite studio in Wichita was added in 1954, and facilities were moved to Wichita in 1956. Three stations joined KTVH to form the Kansas Broadcasting System (KBS) in 1962 with KTVH as the flagship.

On July 4, 1983, KTVH became KWCH, licensed in Wichita. Channel 12 ownership has changed over the years, with Gray Television, Inc., purchasing a group of Kansas broadcast properties in 2016. Find more information about the history and development of this station at bit.ly/ksktvh Photo courtesy of KWCH Channel 12, Wichita

Amelia Earhart is among the most well-known female aviators in history.

Born in Atchison on July 24, 1897, Earhart began flying lessons in 1921. She was the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic (1932), the first woman to fly non-stop coast-to-coast (1932), and the first aviator to fly solo from Honolulu to Oakland, California (1935). In June 1937 Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan left Oakland, flew to Miami, and continued on the path to circumnavigate the globe at the equator. Nearing the end of their journey, Earhart and Noonan left Lae, New Guinea, on this day in 1937 for Howland Island, but never arrived at that tiny uninhabited coral atoll. Earhart radioed the message she was low on fuel and unable to spot the landing site. Multiple searches have so far failed to provide a conclusive answer to their disappearance, which remains among the most captivating unsolved mysteries. To read more about this incredible trailblazer, go to bit.ly/ksearhart Listen to the KPR guest commentary “Remembering Amelia Earhart, Atchison’s Favorite Daughter” from Director of Communications Bobbie Athon at bit.ly/kprearhart Photo courtesy of the Library of Congress

7/13 20 Zephyr

7/2

One of the costliest floods in Kansas history happened on this day in 1951. Between July 9 and 13 some areas received more than 18 inches of rain. Flooding began along the Big Blue River above Manhattan, eventually covering the business district in eight feet of water. Downstream tributaries flooded in Topeka, Lawrence, and Kansas City. More than 100 cities, towns, and farms were affected by the flood waters. Roads washed away, railroad tracks shifted, and power lines fell. Rescuers evacuated thousands of people from their homes, and many businesses and residences were damaged or destroyed. Flood control had been in progress for many years, but the 1951 flood pushed projects like the Tuttle Creek Reservoir to limit a similar disaster in the future. Discover more information about the impacts of the 1951 flood at bit.ly/ks51flood

July/August 2024

8/6

Dedication and determination led Glenn Cunningham to the Olympic Games. Born in Cowley County on August 4, 1909, and raised in Elkhart, Cunningham was severely burnt in a school explosion that killed his brother. Told he would never walk again, Cunnigham overcame his injury and became a competitive runner. While attending the University of Kansas, he distinguished himself as a formidable track and field star and later earned the nickname “Iron Man of Kansas.” His running prowess led him to the 1932 Olympics where he finished fourth in the 1500-meter event. Cunningham earned a spot on the Olympic team in 1936; on this day he won the silver medal in the 1500-meter race behind New Zealand’s Jack Lovelock. Find more information about Cunningham at bit.ly/kscunningham Learn about a letter he wrote while competing in the 1936 Olympics from a Cool Things podcast episode: bit.ly/ksolympicletter

Noted Emporia Gazette Editor William Allen White was an outspoken Progressive Republican who used his platform to share views on topics of the day. On this day in 1896, White drafted an editorial, “What’s the Matter with Kansas?” criticizing the Populists as “gibbering idiots” ruining Kansas. Republican newspapers across the nation ran White’s editorial to his surprise and boosted William McKinley’s campaign as the Republican presidential nominee.

Populists were outraged by the editorial but Kansas Republicans sent White letters of praise. White later regretted his stance and embraced some policies the Populists had proposed. The full editorial can be viewed on Kansas Memory: bit.ly/kswaweditorial

8/15 8/29

Charlie Parker is considered among the most influential jazz soloists of all time. Born in Kansas City, Kansas, on this day in 1920, Parker demonstrated a talent for playing the saxophone at age 11. He left high school at the age of 15 to devote his life to music. Parker spent many hours honing his skill and began touring in 1938. Part of the Harlem Renaissance, Parker fused musical genres to take jazz and bebop on new paths. He introduced the West Coast to bebop and played alongside Count Basie, William “Biddy” Fleet, and Dizzy Gillespie. Like many musicians, Parker struggled with addiction and died in 1955 at the age of 34. To learn more about this innovative performer, visit bit.ly/ksparker Photo courtesy of William Gottlieb/Library of Congress

Kansas Historical Society

Zephyr 21

NEWS and NOTES Kansas State Capitol: Suffrage Mural

K

Kansas History Unbound

ansas women and their long fight to win the vote will be honored with a mural at the Kansas State Capitol.

Senator Elaine Bowers of Concordia, a member of the Capitol Preservation Committee, proposed the memorial, which was approved by the legislature and signed into law in 2022. The committee reviewed proposals and selected Manhattan artist Phyllis Pease to create the mural.

Pease’s revised concept for the suffrage mural, depicted below, was approved by the Kansas Capitol Preservation Committee for the east wing of the first floor. The Kansas Suffragist Memorial Committee is completing its fundraising for this project, with an online auction of Pease’s original 3’ x 6’ painted mural as one of the phases.

Dedication is planned for January 29, 2025. To learn more about this project, visit www.kssuffragist.org.

By Lara Williams, Procurement Officer

H

istory is abundant in Kansas—even while hiking the trails at the Kansas Historical Society, 6425 SW 6th Avenue in Topeka.

This year, the Historical Society’s four interconnected trails on our 82 acres were nominated for best park in Topeka’s Community Choice Awards!

The 2.5-mile path begins at the trail head near the gazebo, visible from the parking lot. Hikers can enjoy the native prairie grasses and imagine earlier explorers walking these paths where wildlife like butterflies and songbirds still dwell.

The trail provides stops for learning such as the historic stone fencing. Routes pass a one-room school, a truss bridge, and the 1850 Potawatomi Mission. Visitors can explore wooded areas, a suspended rope bridge, and a playground, or unwind at shady nooks, benches, and picnic tables.

The trails are open dawn to dusk, year-round.

Visit bit.ly/kshstrails for more information, including a map and activity guide.

22 Zephyr

Nicodemus Homecoming Emancipation Celebration

T

he “Journey of Triumphs,” scheduled for July 25-28, 2024, marks 146 years of Nicodemus. This annual homecoming emancipation celebration brings together descendants of the original townspeople of this Graham County community. Founded in 1877 by formerly enslaved African Americans from Kentucky, Nicodemus is the only remaining western town established by Black families. The townsite was designated a national historic site in 1996. Families have been celebrating their heritage here every summer for more than 100 years, with an event that includes a parade, living history, music, and activities for adults and children. To learn more about Nicodemus, visit bit.ly/kshsnicodemus. Find more event information at www.nicodemushomecoming.org.

July/August 2024

Upcoming Events...

J ULY 1-31 – Topeka

Special exhibit, Topeka Reflections: Unveiling the Soul of the Heartland, NOTO Arts Center; bit.ly/nototopreflections

4 – Statewide

Independence Day, all sites closed for the state holiday

10 – Virtual

14 – Emporia

Sundays at the Site, “The Frank Lloyd Wright / Henry Allen House in Wichita,” presented by Allen House Docent Randy Steinert, 2 p.m. Sunday, Red Rocks

18 – Virtual

State Records Board meeting, 1 p.m. Thursday, via Zoom

Museum After Hours, “From the Santa Fe Trail to the Climate Crisis,” presented by Dave Kendall and Rex Buchanan, 6:30 p.m. Wednesday, via Zoom and YouTube

25-28 – Nicodemus

14 – Council Grove

28 – Emporia

Kaw Mission Councils, “Little Squatters on the Prairie: Settlers on the Osage Diminished Reserve in Southwest Kansas,” presented by Michelle Marie Martin, 2 p.m.

Sunday, the Dealership Building

Nicodemus Homecoming Emancipation Celebration;

nicodemushomecoming.org

Sundays at the Site, “Gen. Funston and Lt. Col. Roosevelt: The Military Exploits of W.A. White’s Good Friends,” presented by Military Historian Chris Lovett, 2 p.m.

Sunday, Red Rocks

AUGUST 3 – Pleasanton

Heritage Day, 10 a.m. Saturday, Mine Creek Civil War

10 – Virtual

Museum After Hours, “Decolonizing the Wakarusa Museum,” presented by Claire Cox, 6:30 p.m. Wednesday, via Zoom and YouTube

11 – Council Grove

Kaw Mission Councils, “Pawnee, the Spanish Adaptation of the Horse,” presented by Carlton Grover, 2 p.m.

Sunday, the Dealership Building

11 – Emporia

Sundays at the Site, “Emporia Architects Brinkman and Squires at the End of the 19th Century,” presented by Brad Cochennet, 2 p.m. Sunday, Red Rocks

25 – Hanover

Pony Express Festival, 10 a.m. Sunday, Hollenberg Pony Express Station

25 – Emporia

Sundays at the Site, “LIFE Magazine Covers Emporia, 1938-1957,” presented by Roger Heinekin, 2 p.m. Sunday, Red Rocks

S EP TEMBER 4 – Statewide

Labor Day, all sites closed for the state holiday

8 – Emporia

Sundays at the Site, “The History of Emporia Masonic Lodge #12,” presented by Lodge Leaders Tyler Curtis and/ or David Hendricks, 2 p.m. Sunday, Red Rocks

8 – Council Grove

Kaw Mission Councils, Community Band Concert and Ice Cream Social, 6 p.m. Sunday, grounds of Kaw Mission (please bring your own lawn chair)

11 – Virtual

Museum After Hours, “President Truman and the 1948 Election,” presented by Mark P. Adams, 6:30 p.m.

Wednesday, via Zoom and YouTube

16 – Kansas City, Missouri

Freedom’s Frontier Partner Meeting, 10 a.m. Monday, Kansas City Museum; freedomsfrontier.org/partners

17 – Virtual

Electronic Records Committee, 2 p.m. Tuesday, Zoom

21 – Lincoln

“Kansas Women’s Suffragist Movement,” presented by Jeanne Klein, 2 p.m. Saturday, location TBD

22 – Emporia

Sundays at the Site, “Poetry on the Porch XVIII,” presented by Past Kansas Poet Laureate Kevin Rabas, 2 p.m. Sunday, Red Rocks

See more events by scanning the QR code to the right -> or visiting bit.ly/kshscalendar Kansas Historical Society

Zephyr 23

- Ne x t I s s u e -

CONNECT WITH US! @kansashistorical

Tune into the September/October issue for: • A Recap of the 2024 KATP Field School in Crawford and Bourbon Counties

@kansashistory

• Summaries of the New National and State Register Listings • An Update on the Museum Renovation Project

@kansas_history

• An Overview of State Historic Sites Closing for the Season

@kansashistorical Visit linktr.ee/ kansashistory or scan this QR code for easy access to all of our social media and more!

Wichita State University’s Corbin Education Center, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright

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Kansas Historical Society 6425 SW 6th Avenue Topeka, KS 66615-1099