I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all those who have supported and guided me during my architectural internship at Space and Function. This report would not have been possible without their invaluableassistanceandencouragement.
Firstly, I extend my heartfelt gratitude to Ar. Shreesti Lohani, my internship supervisor, for her continuous support, expert guidance, and insightful feedback throughout my internship. Her dedication and commitmenthavebeeninstrumentalinmylearninganddevelopmentduringthisperiod.
I am also deeply grateful to Ar. Subin Pradhan, the principal architect, for granting me the opportunity to intern at Space and Function. The practical experience and architectural knowledge I gained under his mentorshiphavebeeninvaluable,fromconceptualdesigntotheintricaciesofconstructiondocumentation.
I would like to extend my appreciation to the entire team at Space and Function who helped me in every partofmyworkandmademyjourneysmoother.Myheartfeltappreciationgoestomyfellowcolleaguesfor makingthisinternshipperiodnotonlyaprofessionalpracticebutalsoamemorablejourney.
Last but not least, my utmost appreciation goes to my tutors, Er. Kavita Rai, Er. Sonia Dumzan Tamang, Er. Sukanya Chhetri, and Ar. Shree Krishna Shrestha,forguidingmethroughoutmyinternshipandmakingthis pathsmootherthanIanticipated.
Thankyouallforyourinvaluablecontributions.
Sincerely, KamalNayan
HCE077BAR015
ABSTRACT
This report provides a comprehensive overview of my internship over the course of five month from May 1 to Aug 31. My primary responsibilities included design thinking, sketches, 2d drawing, 3d modelling, rendering, walkthrough video representation, site visits, estimation and specification of project utilizing tools such as AutoCAD, Sketchup, Enscape, Photoshop, Canva,etc.
Throughout the internship, I achieved significant roles in several projects rangingfromasimplerailingdesigntoalargescaleprojects.Thesitevisits enlightened me with the construction techniques, inspite of that we were priviledged that the site engineers used to give update through online whichallowedustogetupdatesonongoingworks.Inthisportfolioreport,I had tried to showcase my work more precise and clear. Also there is selectiveprojecttakenhere.Theknowledgeandexperiencegainedduring thisperiodhavebeeninvaluabletomypersonalandprofessionalgrowth.
WORK INVOLVEMENT
SiteVisits
Conceptualization
DesignDevelopment
SiteAnalysis
CaseStudy
WorkingDrawing
SanctionDrawing(Municipal)
3Dmodelling
Research
Presentations
MaterialStudy
SanitaryDrawing
ElectricalDrawing
Estimation
MotionRendering(Walkthrough)
ModelMaking
Printing&Packaging
OFFICE PROCESS
ROCKVALE RESORT
REFERMAINREPORTPAGE09-16
KULDEEP MUKHIYA
REFERMAINREPORTPAGE43-48
LP BHUTIA’s HOTEL
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KT BHUTIA
REFERMAINREPORTPAGE38-42
SUNIL TIWARI
REFERMAINREPORTPAGE68-69
YOGDEEP DAI
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REFERMAINREPORTPAGE26-37
REFERMAINREPORTPAGE17-25
RANKA COTTAGE PREMIKA’s MEDICAL PUNYA BHAWAN
REFERMAINREPORTPAGE60-67
KARMA AXIS
MY INSPIRATIONAL FIGURE
Every designer has an idea before starting a project. Some are influenced by the surrounding architectural styles, others by inspirational figures, while some draw ideas from online resources. As architects, we should design spaces that are sustainableandfuture-friendly.
My inspirational figure, Richard Rogers, who was a dyslexic child, became renowned as a high-tech architect. His concept of improving the quality of the environment by getting everyone involved is truly fascinating. His approach to exposing structure—making it flexible, lighter, and maximizing space and light—continues to inspire me.
Firm:space&function
Location:Kalimpong,India
PrincipalArchitect:Ar.SubinPradhan
StaffMembers:
-Er.KavitaRai
-Er.SoniyaDumzanTamang
-Er.SukanyaChettri
-Ar.ShreeKrishnaShrestha
-Er.PrabeshTamang/siteengineer
-Er.PranayChettri/siteengineer
Interns:
-AeliThapaMagar
-KamalNayan
-ManishaKhapungLimbu
-SnehaMaskey
PROCESS
ClientMeeting
InitialProgramsandrequirements
SiteVisit
SiteAnalysis
SiteMeasurementstallywiththeexistingdrawings
ConceptDevelopment
InitialIdeasgeneration,
Visualization&PreliminaryProposals
ClientMeeting
Seriesofmeetingsandrevisions
Changeinformulation&DesignFinalization
Preparationoftechnicaldrawings
Workingdrawings,Municipaldrawings
Sanitary&electrical drawings
BOQpreparation,Specifications
SiteVisit&Supervision
Coordinatewithsiteengineers&clients
Iterationandchangesaccordingtositework
FinalHandover
WHY SPACE&FUNCTION?
I chose this firm for my internship because of its outstandingreputationforexcellenceandinnovationin thearchitecturalfield.A22y/oexperiencedfirmknown for its diverse and impressive portfolio, also a good review from past interns of the firm which offered me the opportunity to gain exposure to a wide variety of architectural styles and practices. What particularly attracted me was the firm’s commitment to handling not only aesthetic perspective but also the functional aspect, aligning perfectly with my interest in integrating modern tools with environmentally responsibledesign.
Also, space&function has a collaborative work environment where experienced architects and engineers mentoring us, providing invaluable handson experience and professional growth. This combinationofhighstandards,innovativeapproaches, and a supportive learning environment made this firm the ideal place for me to develop my skills and gain real-worldexperienceinthearchitecturalindustry.
From other aspect firm designs under the philosophy of Norman Fosterinsomeoftheirprojectswhichisthe pluspointtome,resemblingthephilosophyof Richard Rogers.
This 3.03-acre glamping resort is designed as a luxurious retreat, seamlessly integrated into the natural contours of the landscape. The architecture and layout embrace the terrain, offering an organic flow that enhances the guest experience while preserving the beauty of the environment.
The central hub, including a café and pools, serves as a welcoming space where guests can relaxandsocialize,settingthetonefortheretreat.
As they meander along the pathways, the resort unfolds gracefully, with decks overlooking stunning views and leading to the private glamping tents. These tents offer an intimate yet communal experience, where shared campfire platforms create opportunities for both solitude andconnectionunderthestars.
Repurposed existing structures bring a sense of history and authenticity, transformed into charming dining spaces that blend old-world character with modern luxury. Below the glamping areas, the terraced land is used for sustainable farming, enriching the resort’s commitmenttoharmonywithnatureandoffering guestsachancetoengagewiththeland.
02
LP BHUTIA’s
HOTEL
Location:Deolo,Kalimpong
ProjectStatus:Ongoing
The hotel building's façade transformation marks a significant leap towards modernity andefficiency.Byreplacingthetraditionalbrick façadewithlightweightmaterialssuchassteel and aluminium, the project achieves a sleek, contemporary aesthetic while significantly reducing structural load. The use of these durable, sustainable materials enhances the building's energy efficiency, leading to lower maintenance costs and improved environmentalperformance.
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
BEDROOM DESIGN
KT BHUTIA
Location:6thmile,Kalimpong
ProjectStatus:SiteLayout
Mr. Bhutia, a 80 y/o champ is a retired lawyer who wants to spent the rest of his life with books in a encouraging environment. The main intention while designing a building was to include all type of programs in single floor.
Here, I learned about the placement of main reinforcement bars are positioned in the tension zones, typically at the bottom of the staircase, while distribution bars run perpendicular to support loaddistributionacrossthe slab. Additional reinforcement is provided at highstress areas such as landings and junctions withbeamsorwalls.
REINFORCEMENT DETAIL OF STAIRCASE
Attempt1:
Iwastoldtodesignacarpark along with the foundational drawings (centre line, tie beamwiththeirdetails)
Attempt2:
AfterfirstconsultationwithMr. Bhutia he wants to make multi-storey block with a servant’sroomontop.
Attempt3:
After doing the estimation of 2nddesignthecostcameout to be more, so the travel distance was reduced and the roof for staircase was removed.
Attempt4:
Then, the building was beautified by adding double beat circulating throughout the building, the plaster finish were added upto plinth level (ingroundfloor)andupto3ft. (infirstfloor).
SITEVISITS
i. Rebars getting prepared and storedonsite
ii.RetainingWallconstruction
iii. Sir cross-checking the levellingofsite
iv. A site with temporary stay for mistiri
v. Sir explaining us about the main design idea behind not cuttingtheexistingtree (fromlefttoright)
SUNIL TIWARI
Location:Kalimpong
Type:Renovation(Measuredwg)
Mr. Tiwari is a renowned lawyer who became first judge of Kolkata from Kalimpong district. Talking about family background his siblings (brother and sister), they were toolaywersfromthefamily.FatherofTiwariwasamilkvendoralsolovestotakecare of cow but due to health issues, Mrs. Tiwari takes care of cows, also his brother likes caringcowsinhisvacations.
This is the renovation project where Tiwari wants to add a floor whose framework is alreadyexisting.
Mrs. Tiwari, on our office visit demanded of 2 bedrooms with attached bathroom, livingroom,pantry,powderroomwithopendeck.Whiledesigningasperrequirement, thespacewasnotenoughtofitalloftheseprogramssopowderroomwasremoved andthelivingroomwasmadesmallertofitin.
This project was a best experience I could have because here I learnt from communication to measuring to cad drawing to planning layout to presentable format.
The client wants to add a floor for personal use so, the changes in ground floor was to add stairs and repropose thekitchen. The new placement of kitchen was chosen for lower constructioncost.
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
The intention of first floorwaswhollyMr.and Mrs.Tiwariandtheirson and daughter-in-law, sothespacewasmade insuchawaythatthere aremoreprivatespace, the connecting outdoor space was for rents so no entrances were made for privacy reasons.
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
(viewfromdeck)
KARMA AXIS
Location:Kalimpong
Type:Residential
WhatIlearnt?
- LandAreaaremeasuredin Deed, Khatiyan while land area inNepalaremeasuredinBigha, Aana,Paisa,Daam
- Requirements in Sanction drawing (i.e, site plan, floor plans, elevation/s, section/s, any type of construction details)
- PlotNumberarenumbered in L.S., R.S. while in Nepal it is numbered in Kitta and is measurable in decimal aswell (sq.m.)
- Since,thesanctiondrawing are submitted in .dwg format, certain rules should be strictly appliedwhiledoingthedrawing
o Alllinesshouldbeon‘0’layer (defaultlayer)
o Thereshouldn’tbeuseofany polylines,blocks
o Dimensionsshouldbeprecise oDrawing should follow the byelawsstrictly
The natural warmth of wood combined with the neutral tone of beige creates a cozy and inviting environment. Wooden textures add a touch of nature and warmth to the kitchen, enhancing the overall ambiance and creating a calming, earthyvibe.
KITCHEN INTERIORS
WhatIlearned?
For commodes and traps, two common types are used. A wall-hung commode typically utilizes a P-trap, while a single-piece commode is equippedwithanS-trap.Thetypesandsizesofpipesalsoplayanessential role. Inlet pipes are generally 19mm thick, while soil pipes are usually 4 inchesindiameter.Fordrainage,floortrapscomeintwosizes,2inchesor3 inchesindiameter,andwastepipesarecommonly2inchesindiameter. Forcisterns,thechoicesincludeametroflushcistern,knownforitscompact and efficient design, and a concealed cistern, which is installed within the wallforasleekandmodernappearance.
This cottage project is located in the neighbouring state of West Bengal i.e., Ranka, Sikkim. The project consist of three residential project belonging to three sibling respectively. The design anticipated the expansion of traditionallayoutofthatareawiththe creationofhigh-qualityinteriorspace and a linear road that runs along the three building facing front façade towardsaroad.Themainintentionof the project was to make the three building as much similar as possible. The three buildings are placed in Lshaped where cottage A and C are parallel to road while cottage B is perpendiculartotheroad.
WhatIlearned?
Types of tiling pattern: subway tiles, herringbone, diamond,fish tail, etc. Types of tiles: spanish tiles, terrazzo tiles, etc. Cooperating wooden panels, pvc,wpcbeatdesignGeyserismostly placed above the sink. Layout of tile startsfromentrytostarteventiling
BATHROOM INTERIORS
MATERIAL PALETTE
Why?
Tile area calculation is essential for accurately estimating the quantity of tiles requiredforaproject,ensuringcostefficiencyandpreventingmaterialwaste.It also helps in precise planning of tile layouts and avoiding project delays by ensuringenoughmaterialsareonhandforasmoothinstallationprocess.
This day we were given the task to study the church, “Mary Mother of God Church” for half day and then after few hours of preparation short presentation is to be given regarding initial impressions of church.
MY INITIAL IMPRESSION
initially, it feels more like hindu-buddhist temple rathar than Church. The three-tiered temple gave me the essence of tier temple of Kathmandu valley. The centrally placed tree act as focal point for temple and their surrounding houses. Major characteristics of the church: Human-scale
Seating feels more like chapel than church Carved Timber Columns (just like Newari Architecture)
