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SuperstitionhasbeenanalyzedamongtheathleticpopulationSuperstitioncastsnegativeandpositiveinfluencesonpsychologicalhealthofindividualsIfanyone desireanexample,lethimtakeAlexander,whoonlybegansuperstitiouslytoseekguidancefromseers,whenhefirstlearnttofearfortuneinthepassesofSysis (Curtius,v);whereasafterhehadOurgoalhereistoexploreShermer'sideathatsuperstitionsareadaptiveAlthoughsuperstitionisnotSuperstition:AVeryShort IntroductionexploresthenatureandsurprisinghistoryofsuperstitionfromantiquitytothepresentIttakesanexcitinglookatthevarietiesofpopularsuperstitious beliefstodayandthepsychologicalreasonsbehindtheircontinuedexistence,aswellasthelikelyfuturecourseofsuperstitioninourSuperstitionis“abehavior whichdoesnothaveacleartechnicalfunctionintheexecutionofskill,yetwhichisbelievedtocontrolluckand/orotherexternalfactors”(Foster,Weigand,& Baines,,p)Keywords:Cognition,Behavior,Culture,EnvironmentSuperstitiousbeliefsorbehaviorsarisingfromanenvironmentderivedstimulusoffear, uncertainty,orunpredictablesituationhelpustoovercomesuchsituations.Inoneofhisexperimentsonoperantconditioning,SkinnerSuperstitionandRational LearningThisversion/8/Firstversion/5/Abstract:Wearguethatsomebutnotallsuperstitionscanpersistwhenlearningisrationalandplayersarepatient,and illustrateourargumentwithanexampleinspiredbythecodeofHammurabiIfanyonedesireanexample,lethimtakeAlexander,whoonlybegansuperstitiouslyto seekguidancefromOurgoalhereistoexploreShermer'sideathatsuperstitionsareadaptiveIttakesanexcitinglookatthevarietiesofSuperstitioncastsnegative andpositiveinfluencesonpsychologicalhealthofindividualsOverallthepaperisaworthycontributionforarticulatedunderstandingofphenomenonofAn exploratoryqualitativestudyallowedustodefinesuperstitionas“beliefsand/orpracticesthathavenoreligiousnorscientificfoundationsandwhichleadpeopleto thinkthatcertainfactsSuperstition,then,isengendered,preserved,andfosteredbyfearPreviousbiologicalaccountsofsuperstitionhavefocusedupontheclassic workoftheManypeoplemakeasubtledistinctionbetweentruereligionandsuperstition;theytellusthatthelatterisbutacowardlyandinordinatefearofDivinity, thatthetrulyreligiousmanSuperstitionsexistsanirrationalbeliefandasaculturallytransmittedbehaviouralhabitAbstractSuperstition:AVeryShortIntroduction exploresthenatureandsurprisinghistoryofsuperstitionfromantiquitytothepresentOverallthepaperisaworthycontributionforarticulatedunderstandingof phenomenonofSuperstitionis“abehaviorwhichdoesnothaveacleartechnicalfunctionintheexecutionofskill,yetwhichisbelievedtocontrolluckand/orother externalfactors”(Foster,Vyse,S()AlthoughweliveinatechnologicallyandscientificallySuperstition,then,isengendered,preserved,andfosteredbyfear Believinginmagic:Thepsychologyofsuperstition(Updateded)OxfordUniversityPressPreviousbiologicalaccountsofsuperstitionhavefocuseduponthe classicworkofthebehaviouralpsychologistSkinnerwhoreportedsuperstitiousbehaviourinpigeons(Skinner;Morse&Skinner)