Developmental Milestones Of 2-3 Years Old Child And Activities

Developmental Milestones Of 2-3 Years Old Child And Activities

BY JYPPZER

AUGUST 9, 2020

TODDLER: 1-3 YEARS

Baby develops the fastest from birth to 5 year old. These changes take place across various domains of development i.e.

1. Cognitive 2. Physical (Fine and Gross Motor) 3. Socio-emotional and 4. Language.

Most children follow a certain pattern of growth and development or achieve certain skills/abilities at a particular stage in developmental. These are called developmental milestones. However, it is important to note that every child grows and develops at their own pace, and might achieve a few milestones faster or slower than usual. If you feel concerned about your child not achieving a milestone, contact your paediatrician.

Cognitive Development •

Continues to explore through trial and error and experiment-based play.

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Engages in play or activities that require problem-solving (e.g. building a tower with 4 or more blocks, stacking blocks of decreasing sizes into one another, solving puzzles with 4-8 pieces).

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Gets better at sorting objects by shapes, colours, etc.

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Attention span improves gradually (5-8 minutes). Begins to develop the ability to shift focus from one area to another and back again.

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Displays a stronger memory (e.g. completes words/sentences in familiar rhymes/stories).

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Understands and follows simple two-step instructions such as “Pick up your shoes and put them in the rack.”

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Identifies familiar things in a picture book (e.g. cat, bird, or bus).

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Begins to use mental representations (a toy to represent another object) e.g. a block/comb as a phone.

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Understands ownership and knows what is “Mine”.

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Knows, and can say their name, age and gender (boy or girl).

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Counts up to three objects and can go up to five by the end of 2 years.

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Begins to understand and carry out simple addition and subtraction with the numbers “one” and “two”.

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Begins to recognize patterns (e.g. daily routines).

Physical Development •

Begins to stand on tiptoe.

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Walks and runs efficiently.

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Climbs without assistance (up and down stairs, onto and down from furniture, on playground equipment, etc.)

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Might jump, but not very well.

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Stands on one foot, just for a few seconds.

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Begins to perform more actions (e.g. throwing, kicking and catching balls.

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Begins to ride a tricycle.

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Displays improved fine motor abilities (e.g. flexing wrist to turn/twist door knobs/lids, squeeze and pound clay, etc.)

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Draws or copies straight lines and circles (not perfectly).

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By 3 years, builds a tower of 10 blocks.

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Displays hand-dominance (using one hand over another) by 3 years old.

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Turns pages in a book, one at a time.

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Develops good ‘thumb and finger’ control.

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By 3 years, all 20 teeth emerge.

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Begins to develop bladder and bowel control.

Socio-Emotional Development •

Exhibits more independence.

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Displays defiant behaviour (doing what they have been told not to).

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Says “no” more often.

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Temper tantrums might be quite common, mostly due to an inability to control/manage emotions.

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Gets involved in dressing and undressing self.

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Shows aggressive behaviour when involved in conflict situations.

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Begins to label feelings that they may recognize in themselves or others.

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Uses comforting objects like a teddy bear, blankets, pillow, etc.

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Imitates others, especially adults and older children.

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Shows excitement when they are with other children.

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Begins, or continues, to engage in parallel play (i.e. playing alongside others without interacting).

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Does not understand the concept of sharing yet. Might grab things they want from others, as a result.

Language Development •

Points to objects or pictures that are named.

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Speaks in sentences of about 2 to 4 words.

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Comprehends simple instructions, and simple explanations to questions.

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Repeats words overheard in conversations.

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Due to curiosity, asks many “why,” “what” and “how” questions.

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Uses about 200 to 300 words which can increase to over 500 words by the time they turn 3.

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Names familiar things like a few body parts, animals, people, etc.

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Pronunciations are improving but might still need translation for outsiders.

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Pretends to read from familiar books.

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Might sing the A-B-C song, but without knowing the meaning.

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Might attempt to write the first letter of their name.

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Scribbles a lot.

Feeding And Sleeping Information •

Drinks through a straw.

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Might show a great decrease in appetite.

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Might still take a 1-2 hour nap in the afternoon.

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Might sleep for 10 to 12 hours in the night.

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Might play up or refuse to go to sleep when it’s ready for bedtime.

Activities And Games For 2 Years Old:

I Spy With My Little Eye: Say, “I spy with my little eye, fan”. now ask your child to spot and point out the fan. Start with objects that your child is familiar with (this will build their confidence) and then move to unknown objects – This Develops Focus and Concentration.

Ting-Tong Time: Give your child tongs and ask him to pick small safe objects from one basket to another. – Develops hand-eye co-ordination and fine motor skills Walk, Run, Stop: When you say walk, child has to walk. When you can run, child has to run. When you say stop, child has to stop. You can switch action commands – This develops self-control, muscle coordination and gross motor skills.

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