Karaka Development Phase Two
Sally Miedema, Julie Greenslade & Lauren Vincent
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4 Introduction & Context 6 Site Analysis
8 Slope Aspect 10 Hydrology: Flow Direction 12 Hydrology: Flow Accumulation & Basin 14 Views
16 Conceptual Design
Sally Miedema: Karaka Point Community Based Development 20 Circulation and Zoning 22 Vegetation and Stormwater Management 24 Master Plan
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Contents
26 Julie Greenslade: Karaka Biodiversity Park 28 Vegetation, Zoning and Circulation 30 Master Plan
32 Lauren Vincent: Patch Mosaic
34 Circulation and Zoning 36 Vegetation and Stormwater Management 38 Master Plan
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Introduction &
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Karaka has shown potential and opportunity for a new housing development strategy to accommodate the rising population of Auckland. A series of analysis and development work has brought us to focus on a specific area of Karaka to develop further. Through a more in depth investigation of the site, we decided to divide our development into three key aspects that interested us: Community, Biodiversity and Green Infrastructure. From here, individual conceptual work furthered our development and has evidently brought us to three diverse proposals.
The area we chose to focus our development on is located in the north east corner of Karaka West. It’s a 95hectare site expanding from the coastal peninsula running down alongside the estuary. This particular area was intriguing for its coastal integrity and potential for connections to the harbor and waterfront development.
& Context
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Site Analysis 6
Site analysis consisted of further GIS mapping of the area in terms of slope aspect, hydrology: flow direction, flow accumulation and basin (sub-catchments) and views. Each of these variables creates patterns of the landscape and has helped determine where our development should take place with regards to placement of houses and retired areas.
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Slope Aspect indicates what angle the slopes on site are facing, whether its south facing slopes or north facing. This analysis material has helped us zone where our housing development and retired areas should go. As our sun rises in the East and sets in the West, north-facing slopes are opened to more sun, especially in the winter season when the sun is lower in the sky, whereas south facing slopes receive little sun in winter and are usually quite cold. Therefore all the southern slopes within our site have been retired, as they are not ideal for housing development.
Slope Aspect
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Flow Direction illustrates the direction of which water flows on site. This in conjunction with Flow Accumulation helps indicate where storm water amenities should be implemented to assure drainage and water is managed properly and efficiently on site.
Hydrology: Flow Direction
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Proposed stage two
Flow Accumulation VALUE 0 - 242.372549
242.3725491 - 1,066
1,066.439217 - 2,569
2,569.149021 - 5,283
5,283.72157 - 12,361
Basin Value
High : 6821 Low : 1
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development
6.439216
9.14902
3.721569
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Flow Accumulation shows where water accumulates in puddles on site. This is very important when considering where storm water management facilities should go, to ensure efficient and sustainable water management. Basin displays all the sub-catchments within the site and is used in conjunction with Flow Accumulation as each area of accumulation has its own catchment. This indicates a rough area of where water flows to and accumulates. This is very important when mapping out storm water management facilities.
Flow Accumulation & Basin
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Proposed stage two development
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Views are a way of mapping out the site in terms of vision. Views show an area of land that you would see at a certain height, it only takes into account the shape of the contours/landscape and not vegetation. Each View map displays to levels of views, one standing at a height of 1m and another standing at a height of 10m. These views help determine where buildings/ apartments/houses should go to in order to optimize maximum views of the landscape.
Views
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Conceptual D
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Design
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Karaka Point: A Commun 18
com·mu·ni·ty noun, plural com·mu·ni·ties. 1. a social group of any size whose members reside in a specific locality, share government, and often have a common cultural and historical heritage. The definition of community classifies a group of individuals that share common interests, goals and values. When considering an effective design for the development of Karaka, the idea of community was taken into consideration. With the main idea of a low impact, ecological design, focusing on community will be ideal for achieving the overall design. Preserving the land and maintaining its natural value can truly be achieved if the individuals living amongst the land are actively involved. By focusing on both the land and the residents, something exciting can be produced. This development is a shared environment, not just an individual lot size.
nity Based Development 19
Circulation &
The location of this site presents opportunity for waterfront development; for public use as well as transportation use. In terms of transportation, the idea of introducing a ferry to this area can be considered, and would promote the use of the coastal edge. Shops, restaurants, and coastal walkways and bike paths will be implemented into the waterfront development. The overall development is pedestrian friendly, and is easily accessible by all residents, especially within each cluster hub of housing.
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Map Not to Scale
There is a variety of housing available within this development including single storey apartment units and town homes. Underground parking is available under all blocks, to increase the open space available for the community. Situated in the middle of our site is a large commercial area consisting of all retail necessities, as well as a supermarket. Within each large cluster of housing and communal space, there are 15 town homes consisting of three floors and can accommodate up to six people. Each unit is 12.5m by 12.5m per storey. These town homes will either have retail or a single storey apartment on the first floor. There are also 15 single floor apartment units, each unit 12.5m by 12.5m (situated in a three storey building). Between the 6 large clusters of development, approximately 1400 people can be accommodated. Aside from the 6 constructed large blocks of development, there are 15 five storey, free standing apartment buildings, consisting of single storey units (10m by 15m). This area of housing will accommodate up to 250 people.
Map Not to Scale
Zoning Maps
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Vegetation & Stormwater Man When analysing the overall area of our site, there were 3 main areas that stood out to me that needed to be controlled in terms of storm water management. In accordance to the slope of the land, and the flow accumulation on site, there are two large areas that will be swaled and buffered, leading the water flow towards the estuary. The river located approximately in the middle of our site will be buffered on both sides, maintaining its original ecological value.
In terms of overall management of hydrology on site, all re-vegetated areas will incorporate wetland species.
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Map Not to Scale
A la stee nati area ped area will eac betw own Loc ope com
nagement Maps
arge portion of the land has been retired due to the eper slopes, and now consists of mass plantings of ive vegetation as well as wetland species. The retired as are not completely closed off to the public, as destrian trails will be implemented over time, as the a develops. Large, linear paths of native tree species be planted on each patch of open space between ch cluster of housing, to give a sense of separation ween each community, giving them a sense of their n “identity� without completely separating each area. cated in two separate regions of this site are large en spaces for weekly farmer’s markets and other mmunity events.
Map Not to Scale
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Our initial intent for the development of Karaka was to produce a low-impact, ecological design that would enhance the overall area. In keeping with a sustainable and environmentally friendly design, I focused in on the idea of “community”. A key aspect of this was involving the residents with the land itself, and creating a sense of place that wasn’t just another residential area. The big idea behind this design is to incorporate the idea of a communal area of gardens, parks and gathering space within a cluster of housing. Gardens will consist of vegetable patches to promote the idea of “locally grown” and encourage residents to grow their own produce. Also, locally owned cafes and shops will be located on the first floor of designated units. By doing this, job opportunities will be available for residents, as well as support for fellow residents in the business industry.
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Master Plan
Map Not to Scale
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Karaka Biodiv
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Biodiversity is a term used to describe the variety of life on earth. It refers to the wide variety of ecosystems and living organisms such as animals, plants, their habitats and their genes. Biodiversity is crucial for the functioning of ecosystems within my site as they provide us with products and services without which we could not live. I choose to focus on Biodiversity within my site as from the analysis in project 1 I noticed that there was a poor native and ecological flora. My aim was to then enhance biodiversity within my chosen site. My second aim for Karaka Biodiversity park was to concentrate on low impact urban design and development (LIUDD) through the use of rain gardens, green roofs and living walls, as these all not only help control the hydrology aspects within the site but they will also improve and promote biodiversity.
versity Park
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Vegetation Re-vegetated land
Parks/Open space The site predominately consists of south facing slopes with an extremely little amount of vegetation cover. In order to increase biodiversity and improve the water quality of the fragile estuarine ecosystem, which surrounds the north east of the site, I have re-vegetated the entire south facing slopes and estuarine edges. The estuarine edge will have a 50m buffer which will consist of riparian planting that have tolerance to salt. The rest of the area will be planted in native grasses, shrubs and trees such as Carex dissita, Carex secta, Carex virgata, Corynocarpus laevigatus, Dacrycarpus dacrydioides, Dacrydium cupressinum, Hedycarya arborea, Hoheria populnea, Melictyus ramiflorus, Kunzea ericoides, Vitex lucens, Brachyglottis repanda, Coprosma repens, Griselinia lucida.
Retail buildings School
The parks and open space within the development offer residents with a formal and open space. These areas consist of Exotic European trees such as maples and oaks.
Three story appa
Attached terrace 1:7000
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1:7000
Commercial build Car Parks
The building footprints are place around the re-vegetated areas. • Size of attached terrace housing units and apartments: 150m2, 3.5 people per unit.
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Total people for attached terraced housing units: 868 people
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Total people for three story apartments: 2,562
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Total amount of people for Karaka Biodiversity Park: 3,430 people
Many of the attached terraced housing units will have green roofs as well as all of the apartments, commercial and retail buildings. This is to reduce the amount of impervious surfaces, help with water runoff and increase biodiversity. Also by increasing biodiversity within the site all of the apartments will be having at least one living wall per apartment.
The circulation plan follows the outlines of the building footprints, parks and open spaces. This makes it easy for everyone to get around and give many route options. The Walk-way/ trail is located within the re-vegetated area. This gives people the opportunity to experience and interact with nature. Double lane road
artment buildings
e housing
dings
Walk-way/ trail
Zoning & Circulation Maps 1:7000
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3D
Opportunities for water management A
A
Master Pla 1:7000
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Karaka Biodiversity Park promotes development surrounding environment and other existing or fu multifunctional, providing for water management walkways and cycle ways. Karaka Biodiversity P enhancement of biodiversity.
D Renders of Biodiversity Park
that is integrated and connected with its uture communities. The development is t, biodiversity corridors, transport routes, recreation, Park is the principal element for conservation and
an
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Patch Mosaic
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Low Impact Urban Design is an idea used in Landscape Architecture, Architecture and Urban Design. It focuses on developing designs that have minimal negative impacts on ecology and the community. The concept stresses that idea of finding sustainable green solutions for deign and developing, solutions such as Green Infrastructure, and a key concept in Architectural design. Green Infrastructure is becoming more and more popular in design especially across Europe where the landscape is a Patch Mosaic and the matrix quality is declining. Green Infrastructure has been proven to enhance ecology and biodiversity along with reducing energy costs, providing insulation and servicing as a recreational use as well. Green Infrastructure plays a major role in my design process and is what effectively led me to the idea of Patchy Mosaic. The concept explores many avenues of infrastructure from green roofs and living walls to solar panel heating and biomimicry (the concept of turning to nature for design solutions). I wanted to design a subdivision that was entirely drafted from green infrastructure concepts, therefore acting as a service to ecology and providing a sustainable resilient development.
c
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Main Arterial Road Footpaths and Cycleways Transport
Map Not to Scale
In order to create a development that was sustainable e facilities are important and vital to the community. By a space for transport infrastructure and efficient regular b public to shift from private car use to public transport, t footprint of my site and hopefully create a major shift in use to public transport. Footpaths and cycle routes is i in subdivision developments. These routes provide the public a range of benefits from educational as well as enhancing a sense of wellbeing. retired areas and coastal margins to provide the public atmosphere of the native vegetation areas.
In keeping with my idea of Patch Mosaic, to create a fragment, integrated housing development, I have zoned my site into three areas: Residential: Contains about 860 homes ranging from lot sizes of 120m2 to 300m2. Gree Infrastructure plays an important role in the make up of my houses. Each home will be o certain energy-efficient level, with solar panels incorporated onto the roofs to provide insulation and power to homes. Rainwater tanks will be implemented within the resident zone, their whereabouts are still to be located, but they will effectively captured the wate runoff from the roofs and can be either sent to the wetlands to be filtered or be filtered on for household uses.
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Circulation & Zoning Map
efficient circulation and transport allowing a sufficient amount of bus operations will encourage the therefore reducing the carbon the wider context from private car important infrastructure to include
m recreational purposes to . These routes flow through my c views of the estuary and a rich
Residential Commercial Mixed-Use: Residential Apartment Blocks and Public Buildings
Commercial: Consists mostly of retail with the addition of warehouse space for potential companies to buy in on. Production fields are also found and are used for crop harvesting, these are also found randomly throughout site.
en of a
tial er nsite
Map Not to Scale
Mixed-Use: This area is made up of a mixture of development uses but mainly consists of 3-4 story apartment blocks and public buildings, such as library and potential ferry terminal, community halls and other small community orientated buildings like plunket and local doctors/veterinarians. I wanted this zone to be a shared zone, one that emphasised the idea of Patch Mosaic. Green Infrastructure also plays a role within my zoning map. All the buildings within my mixed-use and commercial zones are ‘Green’ meaning that they are made from re-used or recycled materials or locally sourced materials. Green Roofs are implemented on each building as well as solar panels within this zone. This will provide insulation to the buildings as well as energy, thus making them energy-efficient. Living walls are another green infrastructure element that I have incorporated into my Mixed-Use development zone. These walls will scale the sides of my apartment blocks to provide residents living higher up a connection with ecology and the landscape. These living walls can also been used for a visual amenity use as well, providing the public with awareness of nature and ecology. 35
Stormwater Management Hydrology plays an important role within my site and is one of my major concerns in designing my subdivision. To ensure that all the water within my site is sustainably filtered in an efficient way, mitigation techniques as part of my theme of ‘ Green Infrastructure’ have been implemented to provide safe sufficient filtering systems to cleanse stormwater runoff. Such mitigation techniques include: Raingardens, which buffer my main roads and will also run down the centre of the main arterial roads. These gardens will catch the runoff water containing pollutants and poisonous contaminants and will filter them through the uptake of the plants within them.
Raingardens Wetlands and Retention Ponds
Map Not to Scale
Wetlands, found within my ‘E the only mitigation device th used for my production field nutrients as well as sedimen
Retention Ponds (Stormwate last stop on my treatment tra the site that will be treated f potentially be recycled to w
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& Retired A
The retired areas buffer three rivers that run through my site, one located at the south end, one in the centre and one at the north end. This retired area is native re-vegetative bush consisting of a range of native pioneer species such as Manuka, Kanuka, Cabbage Trees, Broadleaf Coprosmas, Pittosporum and varieties of native Phormium species and Carex species. They will also consist of native trees such as Kahikatea, Rimu, Kauri and Totara. By providing a diverse planting scheme within my retired areas will boost the biodiversity to the area as well as improving the ecological value of corridors and patches to the entire context of South Auckland. Public Spaces within my site is found along the waterfront at the northern end of my site. This is to provide a visual connection to the estuary as well as providing opportunity for water transport/wharfs and waterfront retail (restaurants/bars/cafes). The two ‘Eco Parks’ within my site are also public spaces that provoked awareness to ecology and water care as well as creating a sense of wellbeing through the atmosphere of nature.
Eco Parks’ will filter the water within my site and are hat will remove nutrients such as nitrogen that might be ds. A series of wetlands will help filter and remove these ntation and will eventually led into my retention ponds. Public Space
er Ponds) are found within my ‘Eco Parks’ and are the ain. These ponds will retain majority of the rainfall within further to ensure all contaminants are removed and water the production fields within my site.
Areas Maps
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Design Process
Patchy Mosaic View Shaping Shafts
Integrated Mixed-Use
Patchy Mosaic or Patch Mosaic, is a Landscape Ecology term given to ‘Fragmented landscapes’ where the landsc disunified’. Fragmented landscapes are measured through the patch-corridor-matrix model, a useful instrument w the health rate of a patch, the connectivity between patch, via corridors and the surrounding matrix, all of which co of the ecology (patch). The idea of Patchy Mosaic influenced my design as it strongly highlighted the blurriness of boundaries between c effectively creating an integrated mixed-use development. The Patchy Mosaic incorporates a combination of a dis organized form and view shaping shafts to help orientate the public and to promote awareness to the surrounding
Master Plan
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Wetlands
cape has been ‘disorganised and whereby the landscape is assessed by ontribute to the health and preservation
commercial and residential zones, thus sunified landscape whilst retaining an g landscape and ecology.
Map Not to Scale
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