Interior Design Thesis- Volume 2: Design Proposal

Thesis- Volume II : Design

Virginia Tech Class of 2024

Joshua Protil

CARVE COOKING LIBRARY

Culture | Community | Culinary

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The focus of this thesis will be to study how an intentionally built community center that emphasizes the bonding of culture, the building up of community, and the development of culinary skills can provide opportunity and serve as a pivot point for people.

This 41,000 sq ft adaptive reuse project is located in Southwest Philly, which has some of the largest food insecurity rates and lowest food access rates. It is surrounded by affordable housing, which provides relief to the growing gentrification of the area. It is located near greenspace and transportation lines (train, bus), also making it accessible for those in and outside the area.

Inspired by the idea of “carve,” this cooking library is a space intentionally set aside for people in the community, where everyone has a reality of belonging and inclusion.

OVERVIEW

Problem Statement

Goals & Objectives

Site Analysis & Context

Building Conditions

CONCEPT

Concept Statement Diagrams

Physical Model

DESIGN PROPOSAL

Overall Wayfinding

Level One, Two

Level Three, Four

Level Five

APPENDIX

OVERVIEW

Problem Statement

Goals & Objectives

Site Analysis & Context

Building Conditions

PROBLEM STATEMENT

Food is a basic human right. When that is taken away or access becomes limited, it becomes a crisis. Food insecurity is a rising issue in the United States, causing many to go without access to nourishing food or having to portion food to survive. Propelled by gentrification, people are being forced to move to food deserts where there is little access to nourishing food and high rates of food insecurity. More often than not, those who are affected are people of color.

South Philadelphia is one of the most affected areas, having food insecurity and poverty rates that are higher than the rest of the city, and lacks places for people to go to have access to nourishing food.

Soup kitchens are often seasonal, and more often by religious organizations that deter people from going. In addition, there is a staunch stigma about having to use a soup kitchen, where society looks down on those who need help and makes people feel ashamed.

Given this, the following driving question is proposed: How can the idea of a soup kitchen (access to food) and the idea of a library (access to knowledge) be reimagined to be more relevant in today’s culture and more purposeful in its role in the surrounding community to create a place where people are are physically and mentally nourished?

USER

& CLIENT GROUPS

GOALS & OBJECTIVES

1 2

GOAL

Facilitate community among varied users with a focus on inclusive design through programming.

OBJECTIVE

Design spaces that are specifically used for bringing people together and serve as multi-purpose spaces.

GOAL

Provide access to nourishing food and culinary education

OBJECTIVE

Design spaces geared towards hands-on learning with access to books, technology, and food.

3

GOAL

Elevate the idea of eating and gathering together

OBJECTIVE

Design spaces as a distinguished destination and social zone where people can gather and celebrate with each other while sharing food and culture.

4

GOAL

Infuse aspects of the local community and culture into the design aesthetic.

OBJECTIVE

Research and identify local motifs and colors that are meaningful and translate those into design features/ elements and into environmental graphics to meaningfully join place and community.

5

GOAL

Invoke an inviting atmosphere that transcends past experiences or societal labels and highlights opportunities.

OBJECTIVE

Interior finishes should maximize durability, and minimize cost and ostentatiousness.

Design all spaces with the duality of public and private in mind, and offer areas of respite. Focus on lighting and how that correlates to understanding the space layout and atmosphere.

Design with special attention to acoustics to reduce the possibility of overstimulation.

Site Context

LEED v4 For Neighborhood Development (NPD)- Featured NPD Credits:

1. Transportation Demand Management

1A.This program proposes adding a bus stop outside of Carve Cooking Library to better accommodate people’s need for access

2. Community Outreach and Development

3. Visibility and Universal Design

0.25MI

Affordable Housing

PA, Urban Context

Philiadelphia,

Bus Routes

Highspeed Lines

Regional Rail Lines

Site Context (0.5 mile)

2.5 MI

BUILDING ANALYSIS & CONDITIONS

The

Warehouse Current

This whole building is currently empty/abandoned, and its renovation (to be an affordable housing complex and commercial space to be finished 2024) is proposed as a plan to help rebuild and revitalize the neighborhood. This adaptive reuse space is where the Carve Cooking Library will be located.

It is also located adjacent to the Philadelphia and Pennsylvania railroad line, near bus stops, and in a neighborhood experiencing a critical need for assistance.

The Warehouse History

Address: 501 Oakford Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146

This building is located in the Grays Ferry neighborhood in Southwest Philadelphia, directly adjacent to the Schuylkill River. This roughly one hundred year old industrial structure served as a manufacturing facility until its closure.

Marked by its industrial features, this brick masonry building’s architecture is expressed through the repetition of its steel post and wood beam structural system. Its large factory windows on all sides allow an abundant amount of natural light into the space, and serves as a distinct structure in the community.

CONCEPT

Concept Statement

Massing Diagrams

Core Diagram

Physical Model

ADAPT

CONNECT

CULTIVATE

CONCEPT STATEMENT

carve: to set aside for a specific purpose

Based on the concept of “CARVE,” this space engages the user through cut volumes, rhythm of volumes to curate curiosity, and deliberate movement of form that leads to community growth and encourages everyone to gather.

The emphasis on connection to the surrounding community shapes the design and program. The main goal is to promote the idea of “gather” that emphasizes collaboration, uninhibited exploration, and unconventional interactions in distinguished spaces.

By exploring the relationship between architecture and food, this cooking library in South Philadelphia acts as a community center for opportunity, learning, and growth. Just as in adaptive reuse projects where the interior is designed and little changes are made to the exterior/shell, a similar approach applies to food, where the focus is often on seasoning and crafting the inside/filling. Both have a key focus on elevating the human experience through interacting with and immersing the senses.

MASSING DIAGRAMS

Massing

CARVING OUT VOLUME TO CREATE...

4. Final “carved out” form

3. Connection with interior experiences

2. Connection with the nature (light)

1. Connection with the community

CORE DIAGRAMS

Space Planning & Volume Interaction:

Stacking same/similar zones to maximize efficiency and to make spatial navigation more intuitive.

Egress Stair + Elevator Core

Program Core

Restroom Core

Stair Core (Levels 2-5)

MODEL DEVELOPMENT

Study and documentation of massing and experience of volume through 3D Printed Modeling in collaboration with Alp Tural, Ph.D.

This model emphasizes the idea of “carve” via volumes that encourage the user to go from one space to another, being guided by a preview of the next space and through the use and direction of light.

DESIGN PROPOSAL

OVERVIEW

WAYFINDING

LEVEL ONE-FIVE

OVERVIEW

Exploded Axonometric

Color Justification:

The color palette facilitates wayfinding throughout the space and is used to aid in visual cues, with the core and stairs using color sparingly to aid in the understanding of the space. The color palette is pulled from natural colors found in fresh food/produce, referring back to the program’s concept and goals in the space. Vibrant colors are also used to distinguish important spaces where collaboration and learning occurs.

Rendered Section

Rendered Section

Block Section

WAYFINDING

Signage is located on every food near the stairs to guide in wayfinding throughout the building.

Signage uses:

Icons:

Easily understandable

Bright colors denoting floor: makes it understandable which floor someone is on

Arrows: Play off branding, intuitive way to understand where the are located in the building

Floor Number Elevations

Second Floor Walkway Perspective Showing Wayfinding Signage

Floor Number in Elevator Lobby laying off the Usage of Brick (Above)

(Right)

The black front of the stairs act as a wayfinding tool throughout the space, distinguishing the circulation from all other areas to help create intuitive wayfinding

LEVEL ONE

This first level is the most public and is the first impression in establishing a connection with the community. Here, the user can experience the triple-height carved-out space, where they can get previews of other spaces. The monumental staircase makes wayfinding clear and guides the users up to the second level. In addition, there is a strong emphasis on connection with nature/daylight via the curtain wall, as well as providing that transparency to the community to establish trust.

LEVEL TWO

The second level features a teaching kitchen, where up to twelve people can learn, eat, and gather together. Here, they build a sense of community and a repertoire of knowledge to aid them in developing their own skills. On this level, the main core staircase begins, acting as a constant wayfinding tool throughout the

Main Entrance and Lobby Perspective

LEVEL ONE

Cafe Perspective

Market Perspective

COMMERCIALKITCHEN

LEVELONEAXONOMETRIC

Process Sketch:

Enscape 360: Cafe Area

LEVEL TWO

Teaching Kitchen Perspective

Second Floor Walkway Perspective

Enscape 360: Teaching Kitchen

LEVELTWOAXONOMETRIC

Teaching Kitchen Station

Integrated Sink (Shared)

Stainless Steel Work Surface

Miele Appliances

Open and Closed Storage

Standing Height Stations

Level Three holds the ingredient library, a combination of the Innovation Lab and Ingredient Library. In the Ingredient Library, people are able to immerse their senses and expand their knowledge of spices. Here, they exchange culture and build community. The Innovation Lab serves for a more intimate learning of food preparation and experimentation, as well as an herb garden. Throughout the space, there is seating against the windows to establish that connection to daylight. The double height spaces connect to the fourth floor, creating an interactive experience within the interior.

The fourth floor is where the gardens/greenhouse is located, where people can observe and learn about how to grow, thus giving them more skills to use in their personal life and furthering Carve Cooking Library’s holistic approach to programming and resources to the surrounding community. This space also establishes a connection with the third floor, creating an interactive experience with the third and fifth level.

LEVEL THREE

Ingredient Cafe Perspective Innovation Lab Perspective

AXONOMETRIC

INGREDIENTLIBRARY

Process Sketch: Ingredient Library Elevation

Enscape 360: Ingredient Cafe

Ingredient Library Eating & Gather Area Perspective

LEVEL THREE

Third Floor Perspective

Third Floor Library Perspective

LEVELTHREE AXONOMETRIC

Process Sketch: Enscape 360: Library

LEVEL FOUR

LEVEL FOUR

Fourth Floor Looking into Innovation Lab Perspective

Fourth Floor Looking into Ingredient Cafe Perspective

LEVELFOUR AXONOMETRIC

Enscape 360: Fourth Floor Viewing Area

THIRD&FOURTHFLOOR VOLUMEINTERACTION AXONOMETRIC

LEVELFIVEAXONOMETRIC

Process Sketch:

Fifth Floor Looking Into Gardens

MATERIALS

FURNITURE

ACCESSIBILITY APPLICATIONS

WELL STANDARD APPLICATIONS

CODE RESEARCH

INTERIOR REQUIREMENTS & CODE

SOURCES

MATERIALS & FINISHES

UPHOLSTERY:

Brushed Flannel 3797-202

Designtex

Color: Yellow Gold

Abrasion: 45,000

Martindale Cycles

Low VOC, No PFAS, WELL, Contributes to LEED credits

Balder Upholstery

Kvadrat

Color: 2635

Abrasion: 100,000

Martindale

Greenguard Gold, HPD

Used on Aston Club Lounge Chair

Melange 3492

Upholstery

Designtex

Color: Spring

Abrasion: 100,000

Wyzenbeek Double Rubs

Low VOC, No PFAS, WELL, Contributes to LEED credits

Alpacca Epingle

Maharam

Color: 001 Vellum

110,000 cycles Martindale, Greenguard Gold

Certified

Used on Pippin Moveable

Chair

Alter Ego

Knoll Textiles

Color: Palm

Abrasion: 70,000

Wyzenbeek Published

FR Free, PFAS Free

Used on Funda Chair

Color Field

Knoll Textiles

Color: Seaglass

Abrasion: 100,000

Wyzenbeek Published

FR Free, PFAS Free

Used on Funda Chair

Planum

Kvadrat

Color: 916

Abrasion: 100, 000

Martindale

Greenguard Gold, HPD, EPD

Used on Djembe Stool

Cogent: Connect Steelcase

Color: Tumeric/Honey 5S16

Abrasion: 100,000

Double Rubs

Used on Hosu Lounge Chair

ACOUSTIC SOLUTIONS:

ACGI MicroPerf Panel

Armstrong World Industries

FSC Certified

Acoustic rating: 0.80 NRC

Legacy 3mm Felt

Turf Acoustics

Color: R22 Teal

LBC Red List Free, 100%

MISC. SURFACES:

Brick Existing

Exterior/Interior Wall Surfaces (Mostly South Side)

REcyclable, Declare Labe

Used on Acoustic Ceiling Features

ARO PLank 4

Filzfelt

Plastic Free, FSC

60% pre-consumer

recycled PET, can contribute to LEED

Acoustic rating: 0.65 NRC

Used on Core Walls

Drop Acoustic Ceiling

Baffle (9mm)

Turf Acoustics

60% pre-consumer

recycled PET, Red List Free, Plastic Free, FSC

Acoustic Rating: 0.85 NRC

Area: Teaching Kitchen

Subway Tile Daltile

Color: White 0100

Zerotox

Area: Level 1 Cafe, Level 2 Teaching Kitchen, Level 3 Ingredient Cafe, Level 4 Lounge

Stainless Steel Locally Sourced

Corrosion Resistance, EPD

Used on kitchen, counter surfaces

Whitney Quartz Cambria

Sustainably harvested

Used on Market, Ingredient Library

Checkout Stations

MATERIALS: FLOORING

Concrete

Existing

Refinished

Finish: Semi-Polished

Level: 1-5

Astronomy Floor Tile

Daltile

Color: Solstice

Finish: Matte Size: 24” x 6”

Zerotox, Stepwise, Made from pre-consumer recycled materials

Level: 3

Upbeat Carpet Tile

Shaw Contract

Color: Optimistic

Style: 5T490-90375

Monolithic Size: 18” x 36”

52% Recycled Content, Cradle to Cradle Certified (Silver Level)

Level: 1, 2, 5

Discover Carpet Tile

Shaw Contract

Color: Dune

Style: 5T217-15105 Ashlar

Size: 12” x 48”

NSF 140 | Gold, 62%

Recycled Content, Cradle to Cradle Certified (Silver Level)

Level: 2, 3, 5

EZPour Epoxy 158 Flooring (Groutless) Terrazzco

Finish: Non-slip; Zero VOC, made from recycled materials; Greenguard Gold; can contribute to LEED points

Level: 1 (Commercial Kitchen), Level 3 (Innovation Lab)

Sea Edge Carpet Tile

Shaw Contract

Color: Village Cloud

Style: 5T173-72757 Ashlar; Size: 24” x 24”

NSF 140 | Gold, 58%

Recycled Content, Cradle to Cradle Certified (Silver Level)

Level: 1 Multipurpose

Benchmark Oak Flooring

Barham and Sons

Style: Plank Major 170 Size: 6.5” x 15.75”

Environmentally Friendly, 100% Recyclable

Level: 2 (Teaching Kitchen), Level 3

Discover Carpet Tile

Shaw Contract

Color: Moss

Style: 5T217-15326 Ashlar

Size: 12” x 48”

NSF 140 | Gold, 62%

Recycled Content, Cradle to Cradle Certified (Silver Level)

Level: 5

Level 1

Existing Concrete

Upbeat Carpet Tile

EZPour Epoxy 158 Flooring

Sea Edge Carpet Tile

Level 2

Existing Concrete EZPour Epoxy 158 Flooring

Barham and Sons

Discover Carpet Tile (Dune)

Level 3

Existing Concrete

EZPour Epoxy 158 Flooring

Barham and Sons

Discover Carpet Tile (Dune)

Astronomy Floor Tile

Level 4

Existing Concrete Upbeat Carpet Tile

Discover Carpet Tile (Dune)

Level 5

Existing Concrete

Discover Carpet Tile (Dune)

Discover Carpet Tile (Moss)

FURNITURE

Inyo Chair

Martin Brattrud

Red List Free, SCS Indoor Advantage GoldSeating

Area: Level 1, 4

Community Lounge

Aston Club Lounge Chair 2402

Arper S.P.A.

Made from postindustrial recycled plastic; VOC free

Area: Level 1, 4

Community Lounge

Cavatina Chair

Steelcase

SCS Indoor Advantage Gold- Furniture

Area: Level 1, 5

Mulitpurpose Room

Base: Caster

Aston Club Lounge Chair 2400

Arper S.P.A.

Made from postindustrial recycled plastic; VOC free

Area: Level 5 Library

Breck Table Hightower

Contributes to LEED LowEmitting Materials Credit Contributes to WELL

Building Standard

Area: Level 1, 4

Community Lounge

Lido Pouf

Martin Brattrud

Red List Free, SCS Indoor Advantage GoldSeating

Area: Level 2 Lounge, Level 5 Library

Las Filas Banquette

Martin Brattrud

Red List Free, SCS Indoor Advantage GoldSeating

Area: Level 1, 4

Community Lounge

Hosu Lounge Chair

Coalesse

SCS Indoor Advantage Gold- Furniture- Gold

Area: Level 3, 5 Library

Upholstered in custom designed Hexa fabric.

Tier 900 Square

Cafe Table NaughtOne

Can contribute to LEED Credit, Well Building Standard

Area: Level 1 Cafe

Sunda 1- Low Level Table Allermuir

Made from 50% Recycled Content

Area: Level 3, 5 Library

Aava Chair

Arper S.P.A.

FSC Certified, Greenguard Gold

Area: Level 1 Cafe, Level 2

Teaching Kitchen, Level 3

Ingredient Cafe, Level 4 Community Lounge

Pippin Moveable Chair NaughtOne

Can contribute to LEED Credit, Well Building Standard

Area: Level 2 Community room, Level 3, 5 Library

Morse Table NaughtOne

Plastic Free, FSC Certified, Low VOC

Area: Level 2 Teaching Kitchen, Level 3

Ingredient Cafe, Level 4 Community Lounge

Hub Thesis Table

Teknion

Sustainably sourced

Area: Level 2 Community Lounge, Level 3 & 5 Library

Finish: Black Laminate

Funda Chair Viccarbe

VOC-free Metal, Low VOC Material, 86% Recyclable

Area: Level 3 Ingredient Library, Level 4 Community Lounge

Djembe Stool Martin Brattrud

Red List Free, SCS Indoor Advantage GoldSeating

Area: Ingredient Cafe

Finsih: Kvadrat Planum-961

Principles of Universal Design

What is “Universal Design?”

Universal design “is the design and composition of an environment so that it can be accessed, understood, and used to the greatest extent possible by all people regardless of their age, size, ability, or disability.”

Equitable Use

1. Space is designed for people with diverse abilities and uses things such as different counter, table and chair heights to create an inclusive atmosphere.

Flexibility in Use

1. Different seating styles are highlighted as a feature of the space to showcase preferences to style, sitting postures, materials, and heights. Each kitchen can address different tasks as needed.

2. Multi-purpose spaces can be configured to meet a variety of program/community needs.

3. Through many different seating options in each space, this addresses the range of individual posture preference and range of accessibility.

Simple and Intuitive

1. Wayfinding signage is located right next to the stair exit/ entrance to provide ease of navigation. Restroom location is beside the stair exit/entrance to provide ease of access.

2. Icons are used in wayfinding to increase understanding of programs and direction.

3. Large numbers, instead of words, are used to distinguish floors, making it more inclusive and intuitive t

Perceptible Information

1. Legibility is maximized through Color contrasts for way finding and other signage, making them easily perceptible to the users.

2. Color is used to distinguish important areas.

3. Icons are used in wayfinding to relay necessary information to effectively communicate understanding of space, regardless of the user’s sensory abilities.

Tolerance for Error

1. The design minimizes hazards

2. Clear signage is used to emphasize entrance/exit points and key information.

Low Physical Effort

1. The space can be used with a minimum fatigue level

2. Automatic door buttons are used for doors such as the main entrance.

Size and Space for Approach and Use

1. Code minimums were exceeded to provide a large space to accommodate user’s size, posture, or mobility to foster an inclusive environment.

2. Different furniture options are used to address the need and preference for user’s, creating an inclusive environment regardless of user body size or mobility.

3. Different height tables are used in spaces to accommodate user ability and height.

4. The space uses clear lines of sight to important elements and spaces, regardless of seated or standing.

WELL STANDARD

10

Concepts of WELL

What is “WELL?”

The WELL Building Standard is a performancebased system for “measuring, certifying, and monitoring features of the built environment that impact human health and well-being” and focuses on the intentional impact of the users.

Air

1. Indoor air quality is optimized through using low VOC materials and through extensive air venting systems, especially in the kitchen areas.

Movement

1. The stair layout fosters physical activity and guides users to move more by having each stair entrance opposite of previous stair exit.

2. Stairs are a prominent feature in the space, encouraging users to interact with them, over using elevators (which are accessible, just not emphasized).

Materials

1. Materials selection focused on materials that met one or more of these requirements:Low VOC, contribute to LEED points, made from >50% recycled materials, carbon neutral, Cradle to Cradle certification (at least SIlver certification)

2. Use of low-hazard cleaning products that reduce impacts in indoor air quality

Community

1. One of the goals of this space was to respond to community needs by creating an inclusive and empowering design program. This program addresses community needs such as access to food, access to knowledge, and access to social engagement. This space aims to look past the stigmas of people who come from different backgrounds to emphasize social equity. Throughout the space, sets of tables, or “Gather spaces,” are used to create moments where people can interact and learn from each other.

2. The zoned layout encourages collaboration across various ethnicities, education levels, and backgrounds among community members

Nourishment

1. To address factors that influence cognitive and emotional well-being, one of the main programs addresses gaps in access issues related to knowledge by providing literary (library) and sensory (ingredient library) sources to meet the varied styles of learning. In addition, the teaching kitchen and innovation lab areas are used to improve cognitive and physical health.

2. Access to daylight (through windows, curtain wall) and nature (use of plants throughout) is emphasized to boost mood and mental well-being.

Mind

1. To address factors that influence cognitive and emotional well-being, one of the main programs addresses gaps in access issues related to knowledge by providing literary (library) and sensory (ingredient library) sources to meet the varied styles of learning. In addition, the teaching kitchen and innovation lab areas are used to improve cognitive and physical health.

2. Access to daylight (through windows, curtain wall) and nature (use of plants throughout) is emphasized to boost mood and mental well-being.

Sound

1. Acoustic treatment in atriums/double-height spaces has an NRC rating o f>90. Walls surrounding the kitchens, restroom core, and elevator core have a minimum STC rating of 50. This aids in decreasing the hindrance of productivity, and focus, and minimizes uncomfortable environments.

2. Sound baffles and sound-absorbent materials are used throughout partitions and wallcoverings.

3. Zoning is used to lay out activities of similar noise levels and similar use types next to each other to minimize acoustical problems.

4. Sound transmission techniques are layered throughout the space, such as using air gaps between glass and glass and wall and material.

5. To address the exterior-to-interior sound transmission, carefully designed acoustic baffles are used (near windows). Opaque surface proportions of the enclosure are also optimized to combat the use of glass.

6. To address the amount of hard, reflecting surfaces (brick walls, concrete floors) that lead to the reduced amount of sound-absorbing surfaces, ceiling absorption is highlighted throughout the space through acoustic baffles and acoustic tiles (where applicable).

WELL STANDARD- CONT.

Thermal Comfort

1. Controlled temperature throughout cooking areas and adjacent spaces via ventilation and air and cooling systems.

2. Use of operable shades to address the abundance of windows and to meet user preferences in the area(s).

Light

1. Large glazing windows are used to increase access to daylight throughout the first three floors. In areas not directly adjacent to the glazing, windows are placed to increase access to daylight.

1A. Daylight analysis informed the location and sizing of shading devices to reduce glare.

2. Efficient lighting design techniques are implemented to focus on human health and visual acuity and comfort (such as using LED lighting and tunable lights where applicable).

3. Different levels of lighting are layered to aid in comfort and use of spaces.

3A. Ambient lighting is used to help with visual recognition and overall flexibility of space

3B. Task lighting is used to aid in lighting for specific activities. Specific controls are available to users to aid in meeting individual preferences.

3C. Focal lighting is used to emphasize wayfinding features on ceilings and walls

Water

1. Availability, accessibility, and proximity of drinking fountains on every floor

2. Water filtration system improves water quality, and water fountains and water bottle refilling station encourage hydration and reduce plastic waste

CODE RESEARCH

INTERIOR FINISH REQUIREMENTS & CODE

SOURCES

(ICC), International Code Council. Digital Codes, codes.iccsafe.org/content/IBC2024P1. Accessed 6 May 2024.

“Articolo 2400.” The Project of Living, www.arper.com/us_EN/2400-20articolo-202400.html. Accessed 6 May 2024.

“Articolo 7625.” The Project of Living, www.arper.com/us_EN/7625-20articolo-207625.html. Accessed 6 May 2024.

“Beauty, Utility, Sustainability.” Designtex, 19 Apr. 2024, designtex.com/?_ gl=1%2A1l2zu2x%2A_ga%2ANzIxOTI2MzQ5LjE3MTQ4ODcxNDI.%2A_ga_ N0F4ZC4G1L%2AMTcxNTAwNzY3Ny40LjAuMTcxNTAwNzY3Ny42MC4wLjA.

“Benchmark Oak 3040 Plank.” Hardwood Oak Flooring, www.barhamandsons.com/Flooring/Engineered/Oak/ Plank/Benchmark-Oak/3040/. Accessed 6 May 2024.

“Bob Elegant Office Lounge & Dining Tables.” Coalesse, www.coalesse.com/products/tables/occasionaltables/bob-table/. Accessed 6 May 2024.

“Discover Tile 5t217 Carpet Tile Commercial Flooring.” ShawContract, www.shawcontract.com/en-us/ products/5t217. Accessed 6 May 2024.

“Drop.” Acoustic Ceiling Baffle, turf.design/products/drop. Accessed 6 May 2024.

“Groutless EZpour Epoxy 158: Terrazzo Epoxy Resin.” TERRAZZCO, 28 Mar. 2024, terrazzco.com/groutlessezpour-epoxy-158/.

GSB, T. (2021, April 23). LEED certification - the policies and practices. Go Smart Bricks. https://gosmartbricks. com/leed-certification-the-policies-and-practices/ “Hosu Convertible Lounge Chairs & Sofas.” Coalesse, www.coalesse.com/products/seating/lounge-seating/ hosu/#3d-models. Accessed 6 May 2024.

Nicole. (2022, December 12). The 7 principles of universal design - frolic studio: Sustainability-led Product Design & Innovation: Certified B Corp. FROLIC studio | Sustainability-led Product Design & Innovation | Certified B Corp. https://www.frolicstudio.com/insights/universal-design “Pippin.” Naughtone USA, 13 Apr. 2024, www.naughtone.com/us/products/pippin/. “Planum.” Kvadrat, www.kvadrat.dk/en/products/upholstery/13023-planum. Accessed 6 May 2024. “Seating.” Martin Brattrud, martinbrattrud.com/products/seating/benches/lido. Accessed 6 May 2024. “| Product: Textiles: Alpaca Epingle 001 Vellum.” | Product | Textiles | Alpaca Epingle 001 Vellum, www. maharam.com/products/alpaca-epingle/colors/001-vellum. Accessed 6 May 2024. Well. (n.d.). Standard: Well V2. WELL Standard. https://v2.wellcertified.com/en/wellv2/overview Well. German Green Building Association e.V. (2021, April 6). https://www.german-gba.org/en/well/ Wright, P. by A. (2011, May 3). Interactive web tool maps food deserts, provides key data. USDA. https://www.usda.gov/media/blog/2011/05/03/interactive-web-tool-maps-food-desertsprovides-key-data#:~:text=In%20the%20Food%20Desert%20Locator%20developed%20by%20 USDA%E2%80%99s,access%20to%20a%20supermarket%20or%20large%20grocery%20store

SELECTED PROCESS WORK

ground people people ground