Coalesce

Coalesce An AnUrban UrbanDesign DesignProposal Proposalfor forNorthern NorthernMarseille Marseille

coalesce vb

1. (intr) to unite or come together in one body or mass; merge; fuse; blend.

[C16: from Latin coalēscere from co- + alēscere to increase, from alere to nourish] ‘coalescence’ n ‘coalescent’ adj

Coalesce An Urban Design Proposal for Northern Marseille

2014

“A city is composed of many kinds of men; similar people cannot bring a city into existance.�

Aristotle

Introduction

Marseille is a city of huge cultural diversity. Its location, centered on the southern coast of France has throughout history made it the hard beaten path of many cultures and creeds and in turn has played its part as a portal of exchange between Europe and Africa. Today in Marseille, its cultural heterogeneity is as apparent as ever recently being awarded ‘European Capital of Culture 2013’. A city of resilience, it remained the only city in France to experience economic growth during the global economic collapse in 2008.

Now however, with a view toward regeneration, questions of identity are coming to the fore and a condition of mass social exclusion with it. To the more affluent south, the mostly indigenous population stir against the mostly migrant population to the north and tensions between races, religions and beliefs are further reinforcing the divide.

The project attempts to analyse the current social and physical conditions in the city, in an effort to determine how they contribute toward the growing tensions between the two polarised communities. Moreover with an objective to abolish the condition of social segregation or at least drastically reduce its effect on the community, a rigorous interrogation of the subject will be adopted. The ambition is that the output from this interrogation will bestow a better understanding of the physicality of the social world,and how the physical can influence, deter or even remedy a social condition. This knowledge will inform an urban proposal that endeavours to relieve the tensions of Marseille’s divided population.

3

Contents

Introduction

3

Site

6

Historic Context

8

Physical Condition

10

The Idea

14

Analysis

18

Development of Concept

20

Masterplan

26

Silo Deux

28

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

32

Palais de Pelletane

36

Boulevard de Briançon

40

Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue

44

Jardin fer de Lance

48

Cost Plan

52

6

Site Located in the Cote D’Azur region of France, Marseille boasts 300 days sunshine a year and is home to a population of around 800,000 people. The study area for this project is the old industrial district of the city. The area is an exemplar of segregation; subtle indications of abandonment and neglect. The physical condition consists of empty or uninhibited pockets of land that are scattered throughout. The structures still standing falling into disrepair and various broken and unannounced routes lay weak on the fabric.

7

PRESENT

F U T U R E

2 0 1 4 O N WA R D S Euroméditerranée is building a new “city within the city,” respecting the principles of sustainable development and striking a balance of social equity, economic growth and environmental protection. Infrastructure and public spaces — as well as offices, homes, shops, hotels and cultural and recreational facilities — are under construction or renovation.

It’s objective is to have Marseille join the ranks of other major French Metropolitan Areas by 2020.

‘EUROMÉDITERRANÉE’

THE

OIL

PROJECT

1995

CRISIS

1973

-

After the oil crisis of 1973, Marseille saw a period of rampant decline that made it synonymous with decay. High unemployment and low-quality public services gave France’s second-largest city a seedy reputation, and discouraged up-and-coming firms from investing in the area. By 1995, one in five locals were out of work.

RUBUILDING

AND

INFLUX

1950

After the war, much of the city was rebuilt during the 1950s. The governments of East Germany, West Germany and Italy paid massive reparations, plus compound interest, to compensate civilians killed, injured, left homeless or destitute as a result of the war.

19TH CENTURY

From the 1950s onward, the city served as an entrance port for over a million immigrants to France. In 1962, there was a large influx from the newly independent Algeria, including around 150,000 returned Algerian settlers (pieds-noirs).

THE

DAMAGE

OF

WAR

1940

During the Second World War, Marseille was bombed by German and Italian forceS. The city was occupied by the Germans from November 1942 to August 1944

COLONIAL

EXHIBITIONS

1906

During the first half of the 20th century, Marseille celebrated its “port of the empire” status through the colonial exhibitions of 1906 and 1922.

CENTURY

1830

THE

FRENCH

CONQUEST

OF

ALGERIA

The rise of the French Empire and the conquests of France from 1830 onward (notably Algeria) stimulated the maritime trade and raised the prosperity of the city.

18TH

1792

EMBRACING

THE

REVOLUTION

The local population enthusiastically embraced the French Revolution and sent 500 volunteers to Paris to defend the revolutionary government.

-

1720

THE

GREAT

PLAGUE

OF

MARSIELLE

17TH

A form of the Black Death killed 100,000 people in the city and the surrounding provinces. Hospitals were quickly overwhelmed, and residents panicked, driving the sick from their homes and out of the city.

Mass graves were dug but were quickly filled. Eventually the number of dead overcame city public health efforts, until thousands of corpses lay scattered and in piles around the city.

1600

1640

FORT

SAINT-JEAN

WAS

BUILT

8

SETTLEMENT

MIDDLE

AGES

1400

-

Fort Saint-Jean was built by Louis XIV at the entrance to the Old Port.

During the French Revolution, it was used as a prison and later taken over by the French army (19th and 20th centuries) and used as a barracks and clearing station for the Army of Africa.

MILITARY

ADDITIONS

TO

THE

PORT

1575

Marseille’s Port was fully operational. It became a naval base for the Franco-Ottoman alliance in 1536, as a Franco-Turkish fleet was stationed in the harbour.

MARSIELLE BECOMES PART OF FRANCE

1482

The city grew from Vieux Port. Thanks to its thriving trade, Marseille remained independent for a long period of time. It wasn’t until King Louis XI inherited Marseille, after the death of René d’Anjou, that the city became part of France.

600

BC

ANCIENT

PORT

OF

MASSALIA

Coming from the East Mediterranean by sea, peasant-sailors founded a new civilisation in the South of France. Neolithic people built their dwellings of unfired bricks or modelled earth blocks.

PRE RECORDS

Historic Context As touched upon, the social condition in the city is one of isolation, deprivation and segregation and is as perceivable as the shift in urban fabric moving from the South to the North. The primary catalyst for this has been the high volume of African migrants Marseille adopted in 1962 following Algeria’s acquisition of independence from white French settlers. Despite a small group of French, in defiance of their government, having aided the Algerians in their pursuit of independence, France’s conquest of Algeria dates back to 1830 and was, to many citizens of mainland France, a representation of their nations power.

The irony of this scenario is that a lot of hatred manifested from the fact that approximately 150,000 Africans, already living and working in mainland France, were funding the Algerian insurrection from overseas via an organisation called the National Liberation Front (FLN), once more the French saw this as conspiracy and betrayal. Meanwhile Algeria played host to over one million white French settlers, who had been systematically pauperising the native Algerians since the conquest in 1830, leaving French Algeria a society racially, politically, economically and culturally divided.

9

10

Physical Condition

This was first stage of analysis for this project and represents the initial site response. This piece of analysis begins to interpret the relationships between the physical elements of the site, for example how; zones begin to form in response to surrounding context and urban structure, potential routes announce themselves and consequential nodes can be identified at their junctions.

11

The second map in this series applies a more structured method of analysis acknowledging the major and minor urban mechanics at work. From this output we can better understand how the site functions as piece of urban fabric; existing and potential networks networks along with some of the areas shortcomings in connectivity begin to become apparent.

12

Here the site is analysed on a human scale, and refers to how one might experience the site on foot having never visited it before. This was an important piece of analysis drawn from our own experiences upon first arriving at the site, relatively by addressing the majority of the issues found here we can ensure that future visitors and tourists never feel misdirected, lost or endure any unpleasant experience in navigating their way through the urban fabric.

13

Current Condition

Required Condition

Exclusion

Exclusion Inclusion

POLITICAL

Inclusion

ECONOMICAL

CULTURAL

14

Idea Current Social Condition Historically the relationship between France and Algeria has been one of racism, colonialism and violence, an unfortunate set of attributes which is just as applicable to describing todays social condition as it was 150 years ago. Therein lies the contemporary tragedy, thrust toward the industrial outskirts of the city for the most part, the ‘foreign’ population to the North of Marseille represent the crime and poverty of the city for affluent French communities to the South, who in turn reflect the racist oppression of the past for the Northern communities. These social foundations laid down almost 200 years prior on the other side of the Mediterranean, have inevitably contributed towards the structure of the modern condition.

3 Arenas of Social Exclusion

‘It is often mentioned that social exclusion is multidimensional. To be able to identify and analyse these dimensions, we should look at the dimensions of the social world in which inclusion and exclusion take place. We can identify economic, political and cultural arenas as the three broad spheres of social life in which social inclusion and exclusion are manifested and, therefore, can be analysed and understood.’

Ali Madanipour - “Social Exclusion and Space” The proposal is to manufacture a condition of integration, rather than inclusion; inclusion begets exclusion and vice versa as one cannot exist without the other, integration however sees all parties being excluded and included within an approximate equal measure of space, in this case the North. To more accurately measure the spatiality of inclusion and exclusion within the site, it is required that first we adopt a city wide approach of analysis rather than a site scale method. The next stage is to deconstruct the 3 arenas of social exclusion into more specific analytical instruments that will identify areas most influential to the social condition, once identified appropriate interventions may be made. These analytical instruments become the six dimensions of social exclusion.

15

Spatiality of Social Exclusion examines areas of poverty, crime and

segregation in an effort to dismantle pockets of social deprivation. That said this dimension acknowledges that without broader context i.e. investigating and addressing the cause of said spatial concentrations of deprivation, there is no long term remedy, particularly when divestiture serves as a primary cause of poverty and relatively exclusion.

Spatiality and Difference acknowledges that heterogeneity is an

essential characteristic of a city. There are two strategies for addressing this issue that can be identified, which could be considered the modern and the post-modern; those who try to impose an order onto diversity, resulting in zoning and categorising the city based on age, culture, social status, professional status etc. And those who promote diversity and equality, which has lead to undermining sensitivities, lifestyle disruptions and in some cases conflict.

Barriers to Spacial Practices is concerned with access; access to

decision making, access to resources, and access to common narratives. This dimension considers self imposed exclusion, how one might feel unqualified, unwelcome, absent the means or perhaps vulnerable in various public facilities or spaces such as high end retail or dining establishments, political or cultural buildings.

16

6 Dimensions of Social Exclusion Global and National Space recognises national borders as the largest

means of socio-spatial exclusion. These exclusionary narratives convey no hesitation in accentuating how different we are from others, relatively categorising and often stereotyping. Narratives of nationalism attempt to create homogeneity from an enormous diversity.

Neighbourhoods, Markets and Regulation interrogates how

communities are formed and controlled by developers, land property markets, planning and a design tendency to rationalise and regulate space. For the most part this results in pockets of land being developed in isolation of their surrounding communities, which not only isolates the new development estranging it from its context, but in turn divides the existing neighbourhoods by forming a barrier between them.

Public and Private Space examines how the exclusionary process is

legitimised through custom, law or public discourse. Violation of this process is at best considered an inconvenience, and at worst a crime which in some situations warrants the use of firearms or exceptional force. In the same way that governments utilise exclusionary mechanics as methods of controlling access along national borders, communities, organisations and corporations adopt them in an effort to control access along property lines.

17

18

(1)

(2)

(4)

(5)

(5) (8)

(9)

Analysis By applying the 6 dimensions as analytical overlays on a city wide context we have been able to identify: pockets of deprivation, political alignment, typology shifts, points of interest, primary, secondary and higher educational facilities, public squares and demonstration spaces, cultural and political landmarks, vehicular and pedestrian routes to said spaces and landmarks, public transport routes and privatised space.

(3)

(6)

(7)

(10)

(11)

(1) Pockets of deprivation. (2) Political division [based on last political poll]. (3) Infrastructure typology. (4) Public square locations in relation to median of residential area. (5) Locations of Schools and Universities. (6) Religious division highlighted by the location of mosque’s in Marseille. (7) Location of recreational facilities in relation to median of residential area. (8) General tourist and immigration threshold. (9) Northern privatised areas. (10) Neighbourhood isolation. (11) Public transport routes.

19

Having accumulated and overlaid the various layers of analysis, various routes, connections and relationships start to become apparent. Avenue Roger Salengro for example becomes both a key junction; connecting various routes and paths from the main residential settlements to local and inner city landmarks, points of interest and spheres of influence, as well as functioning as a direct link to the South, tying the Northern communities back into the city, simultaneously providing a point of access to the North for tourists and residents of the South.

Utilising this information we can begin to identify transitory links or routes and destinations. Interventions will be made along said routes in circumstances where these destinations find themselves disconnected from the site as a result of the distance between them, this in turn will result in a network of journeys with experiences of space and activity bridging the gap between the start and end point.

20

Development of Concept

21

22

Designated Regions of Development From our analysis we derived a number design decisions and began a process of choosing where the sites of development will take place.

These were broken down accordingly; 1. Identifying the Magnets – We first looked at Marseille on a City scale and located all the areas and facilities of interest to the local population.

2.

Primary Route – A route of permeability that enabled access through the continuation of the site, knitting the north and south of Marseille developments more directly.

3.

Addressing the realms - Using the physical and social analysis we were able to define areas that were most in need of intervention, whether this be political, cultural or economic.

23

Here we are looking at exposing the Silo from the surround streets, creating better access and allowing the Silo to act as a magnet and landmark to draw people to the centre of the development.

By extending the building line to the wide street we are able to make better use of the footprint. The direction of traffic at the end will then be diverted around the development in order to keep a high level of permeability.

24

Potential Treatment Studies After the regions of development had been derived from our analysis we were able to produce rudimentary studies through use of photomontage. These studies experimented with vistas, building heights, volume, angles and the street level experience. They were created for the new builds and main developments within the interventions. The images proved the best tool to analyse how the constructs will fit into their surrounding environments and its effect on the existing views.

Derelict plots currently being used as car parks sit between housing and the CMA Tower. The idea here is to put a structure(s) in that address the stepping in height from east to west.

Another derelict plot not currently occupied by anything. The massing study proposes making an architectural feature of the corner whilst being considerate of the smaller residential and commerce buildings surrounding it.

25

26

Bank

Educational Buildings

Forum

Craftsman

Market

Business

Semi-private green space

Metro

Residential Cultural Building Library

Masterplan Public green space Fishing

Water Shuttle

Overview

Artist Studios

Sports and Leisure

Restaurant

Taxi Rank

Pub

Parking

Theatre / Performance Space

Apartment Blocks

Café

Music Venue

1

Silo II

2

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

3

Palais de Pelletane

4

Boulevard de Briançon

5

Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue

6

Jardin fer de Lance

A

Silo

B

Archive

C

Church

D

Proposed Warehouse Music Venue

E

Sports and Athletics Complex

F

Gare Saint-Charles Train Station

G

Museum

H

Proposed Market Square

I

Friche la Belle de Mai

J

The final output introduces several new elements to the site, however makes an effort to both retain and enhance a large quantity of the existing context. The most notable proposal and the catalyst for the rest of the scheme is the promotion of Avenue Roger Salengro to a primary route, which connects the site back into the city. This was achieved by reconstruction Palais de Pelletane 3, making it a more prominent public square, and area of political influence. Opening up this space addresses the point where Avenue Roger Salengro changes its direction.

This new route acts as a main artery which allows several secondary routes to branch out and in turn connect to existing points of interest, landmarks and spheres of influence such as: Silo A, Archive B and the Sports and Athletics Complex E; and new interventions such as: Silo II 1, Boulivard de Briançon 4 and Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue 5. The route to Friche la Belle de Mai I, which is a major social and cultural HUB beyond the outskirts of the site, is an example of how the scheme utilises inter-medial interventions in an effort to reduce the labour of longer journeys. Jardin fed de Lance 6, a formerly enclosed block of declining apartments, has been re-assigned as one of the aforementioned interventions.

27

28

1

Silo Deux

Existing Streetscape

29

The proposal for the old grain Silo site will stand at the forefront of the scheme. Directly connected to Avenue Roger Salengro, the aforementioned core of the scheme, the Silo Deux proposal is an extensive new social and cultural HUB in the heart of the site with direct links to public transport and retail, parking facilities, performance spaces, cafes, restaurants and bars which also accommodate the areas nightlife facilities. The hustle and bustle of the site however forms a counterpoint to the greenspace that envelopes it and works as a buffer between said activities and the new residential developments to the East. Relatively the built fabric here encloses the park making it an appropriate place for children’s games, walks, and quiet picnics within any of the small tree formed alcoves it hosts. Finally the Silo Deux proposal makes a subtle attempt at creating a new axis towards the 1960’s residential development to the North East of the site, penetrating the physical boundaries which have allowed it to act as a stronghold for crime and drugs in recent years.

30

Place of Worship

Bar / Bistro

Bank

Educational Buildings

Forum

Craftsman

Market

Business

Semi-private green space

Metro

Residential

Public green space

Cultural Building

Fishing

Library

Water Shuttle

Artist Studios

Sports and Leisure

Restaurant

Taxi Rank

Pub

Parking

Theatre / Performance Space

Apartment Blocks

Café

Music Venue

1

Silo II

2

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

3

Palais de Pelletane

4

Boulevard de Briançon

5

Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue

6

Jardin fer de Lance

A

Silo

B

Archive

C

Church

D

Proposed Warehouse Music Venue

E

Sports and Athletics Complex

F

Gare Saint-Charles Train Station

G

Museum

H

Proposed Market Square

I

Friche la Belle de Mai

J

Current Condition

1

Silo Deux

Key Residential Existing Landmark Cultural Existing Landmark Residential Retention Residential New Build Cultural Retention Cultural New Build Economic Retention Economic New Build Political Retention Political New Build 31

32

2

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

Existing Streetscape

33

This proposal is a response to the need for accommodation, more specifically the need for accommodation that functions as part of, and engages with the surrounding communities. The most recent developments on the site have seen privatised apartments that completely isolate themselves at street level, in contrast this proposal adopts a mix of lower level townhouses and chalets, and high rise apartments and flats. The ambition is that the development will attract a diverse range of residents as apposed to a single social class, moreover ground floor cafes and locally run stores will encourage interaction between residents and members of the public supporting community growth. Lower lever accommodation sits on the West edge of the site with high rise structures inhabiting the East border, manufacturing a condition which sees the urban fabric gradually step up from the waterfront as it approaches the city. A public greenspaces meanders between these masses which in conjunction with the proposed euromediterrane master plan forms a green route that connects the two Silo’s and continues North.

34

Place of Worship

Bar / Bistro

Bank

Educational Buildings

Forum

Craftsman

Market

Business

Semi-private green space

Metro

Residential

Public green space

Cultural Building

Fishing

Library

Water Shuttle

Artist Studios

Sports and Leisure

Restaurant

Taxi Rank

Pub

Parking

Theatre / Performance Space

Apartment Blocks

Café

Music Venue

1

Silo II

2

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

3

Palais de Pelletane

4

Boulevard de Briançon

5

Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue

6

Jardin fer de Lance

A

Silo

B

Archive

C

Church

D

Proposed Warehouse Music Venue

E

Sports and Athletics Complex

F

Gare Saint-Charles Train Station

G

Museum

H

Proposed Market Square

I

Friche la Belle de Mai

J

Current Condition

2

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

Key Residential Existing Landmark Cultural Existing Landmark Residential Retention Residential New Build Cultural Retention Cultural New Build Economic Retention Economic New Build Political Retention Political New Build 35

36

3

Palais de Pelletane

Existing Streetscape

37

Palais de Pelletane exists as a political square on the primary route through the site. This new square has been created to better facilitate the political needs of the northern communities of Marseille, incorporating a forum for conferences and new public realm for congregation and meeting. In order to accomodate the new square the building to the north, creating the apex, has been partially demolished and given a new face cutting back the built mass in order to define a new broader boundary. Along with this the eastern façade that precedes the square has been treated opposingly, extending the facade further into the street and creating a pocket for the square to exist within. The new realm will provide cafes and cultural facilities for the public to engage with and act as a pivot point on the route north and likewise the journey south.

Place of Worship

Bar / Bistro

Bank

Educational Buildings

Forum

Craftsman

Market

Business

Semi-private green space

Metro

Residential

Public green space

Cultural Building

Fishing

Library

Water Shuttle

Artist Studios

Sports and Leisure

Restaurant

Taxi Rank

Pub

Parking

Theatre / Performance Space

Apartment Blocks

Café

38

Music Venue

1

Silo II

2

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

3

Palais de Pelletane

4

Boulevard de Briançon

5

Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue

6

Jardin fer de Lance

A

Silo

B

Archive

C

Church

D

Proposed Warehouse Music Venue

E

Current Condition

Sports and Athletics Complex

F

Gare Saint-Charles Train Station

G

Museum

H

Proposed Market Square

I

Friche la Belle de Mai

J

3

Palais de Pelletane

Key Residential Existing Landmark Cultural Existing Landmark Residential Retention Residential New Build Cultural Retention Cultural New Build Economic Retention Economic New Build Political Retention Political New Build 39

40

4

Boulevard de Brianรงon

Existing Streetscape

41

One of the biggest issues surrounding this site was its permeability. The residential tower block became fortresses in their own right surrounded by obstacles.

The intervention here removed such obstacles as the warehouses to the north where a new generous park-scape is now proposed in order to reinstate the balance between public and private space and allow a greater freedom of movement to the residents. To the east old workshops have been renovated and given a more associated lease of life in order to connect with the community, in the forms of workshops, butchers, greengrocers, a pharmacy and more. The removal of the obstructions and the magnetism of the new stores and workplaces allow the underside of the railway to be engaged with, with a small bistro hosting events and communal gatherings. The river that runs through the side has been maximised and exposed providing a new public space water-side. Artist studios and an exhibition hall sit on the bank of the river in a large renovated warehouse art and the community can interact.

42

Place of Worship

Bar / Bistro

Bank

Educational Buildings

Forum

Craftsman

Market

Business

Semi-private green space

Metro

Residential

Public green space

Cultural Building

Fishing

Library

Water Shuttle

Artist Studios

Sports and Leisure

Restaurant

Taxi Rank

Pub

Parking

Theatre / Performance Space

Apartment Blocks

Café

Music Venue

1

Silo II

2

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

3

Palais de Pelletane

4

Boulevard de Briançon

5

Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue

6

Jardin fer de Lance

A

Silo

B

Archive

C

Church

D

Proposed Warehouse Music Venue

E

Sports and Athletics Complex

F

Gare Saint-Charles Train Station

G

Museum

H

Proposed Market Square

I

Friche la Belle de Mai

J

Current Condition

4

Boulevard de Brianรงon

Key Residential Existing Landmark Cultural Existing Landmark Residential Retention Residential New Build Cultural Retention Cultural New Build Economic Retention Economic New Build Political Retention Political New Build 43

44

5

Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue

Existing Streetscape

45

This intervention addresses both the educational and economic aspects of Social Inclusion. By using the existing primary school with its enclosing central space we proposed a new market where the locals could sell and trade goods and services. This then meant the relocation of the school. Incorporating some of the existing fabric as well as constructing a new build, the school sits opposite both the residential tower blocks and the proposed market. A new school field has been added to provide and cater for extracurricular activities that utilises baron and unused space.

Furthermore, a green space has been applied to the front of the proposed market. Currently bare paving with a few trees the new proposed green space strikes a balance between hardscape and landscape of the area.

A modest fountain has been placed to act as a location device when positioned at the junction. Propositions to refurbish the surrounding buildings of shops and facilities are also part of this scheme.

Place of Worship

Bar / Bistro

Bank

Educational Buildings

Forum

Craftsman

Market

Business

Semi-private green space

Metro

Residential

Public green space

Cultural Building

Fishing

Library

Water Shuttle

Artist Studios

Sports and Leisure

Restaurant

Taxi Rank

Pub

Parking

Theatre / Performance Space

Apartment Blocks

Café Silo II

2

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

3

Palais de Pelletane

4

Boulevard de Briançon

5

Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue

6

Jardin fer de Lance

Current Condition

A

Silo

B

Archive

C

Church

D

Proposed Warehouse Music Venue

E

Sports and Athletics Complex

F

Gare Saint-Charles Train Station

G

Museum

H

Proposed Market Square

Friche la Belle de Mai

J

I

46

Music Venue

1

5

MarchÊ Bellevue et École Bellevue

Key Residential Existing Landmark Cultural Existing Landmark Residential Retention Residential New Build Cultural Retention Cultural New Build Economic Retention Economic New Build Political Retention Political New Build 47

48

6

Jardin fer de Lance

Existing Streetscape

49

Jardin fer de Lance, meaning ‘Arrowhead Garden’ looked at improving the route to Friche Belle De Mai in order to not only reduce the time taken to get there but to create a path to tie arenas of social importance together. In order to do this we carved into dilapidated residential housing and implemented a new road. This then created a more direct route and knitted back into the Primary and Secondary Routes much better.

To warrant this demolition we are proposing to create a much more pleasant environment and push the sense of community through the implementation of a communal garden space for the residents. This planting in this green space will then help act as an acoustic barrier from the noise created by the new flowing traffic and people. This new road will contain public transport links which again all tie into the idea of moving people along the routes in the most efficient time.

Place of Worship

Bar / Bistro

Bank

Educational Buildings

Forum

Craftsman

Market

Business

Semi-private green space

Metro

Residential

Public green space

Cultural Building

Fishing

Library

Water Shuttle

Artist Studios

Sports and Leisure

Restaurant

Taxi Rank

Pub

Parking

Theatre / Performance Space

Apartment Blocks

Café

50

Music Venue

1

Silo II

2

Residential New Build and Refurbishment

3

Palais de Pelletane

4

Boulevard de Briançon

5

Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue

6

Jardin fer de Lance

A

Silo

B

Archive

C

Church

D

Proposed Warehouse Music Venue

E

Current Condition

Sports and Athletics Complex

F

Gare Saint-Charles Train Station

G

Museum

H

Proposed Market Square

I

Friche la Belle de Mai

J

6

Jardin fer de Lance

Key Residential Existing Landmark Cultural Existing Landmark Residential Retention Residential New Build Cultural Retention Cultural New Build Economic Retention Economic New Build Political Retention Political New Build 51

New Builds Intervention

Building Type

Total Area

(m2)

Construction Cost (€/m2)

Cost of Land

(€/m2)

New Builds

2 Residential

10,225

400

4,090,000

Intervention

Type 3 Building Bank

Total 157 Area

(m2) 650 10,225 10,192 157

Cost 1,350of Land

(€/m2) 1,200 400 187 1,350

Construction Cost (€/m2) 211,950

3 Retail units

650

1,200

780,000

5 School

10,192

187

1,905,904

3 2 5 3

Refurbishment

Retail units Residential School Bank

Intervention

Building Type (Existing)

Building Type (Proposed)

780,000 4,090,000 1,905,904 211,950

Total Area (m2)

Refurbishment Cost (€)

Refurbishment

1 Derelict Industrial

Recreational

2,460

442,800

Intervention

Type 1 Building Derelict Recreational (Existing) 1 Residential (Upper Floors) Industrial 1 Derelict

Building Type Recreational (Proposed) Residential (Upper Floors) Recreational

Total Area (m2) 12,817

Refurbishment Cost (€) 2,307,060

7,497 2,460

1,349,460 442,800

12 Derelict Recreational

Recreational

4,396 12,817

791,280 2,307,060

12 Residential (Upper Floors)

Residential (Upper Floors)

4,396 7,497

791,280 1,349,460

Warehouses 24 Derelict Recreational

Workshops Recreational

11,040 4,396

1,385,520 791,280

School 25 Residential (Upper Floors)

Market Residential (Upper Floors)

4,466 4,396

800,880 791,280

4 Warehouses

Workshops

11,040

1,385,520

5 School

Market

4,466

800,880

• Refurbishment Cost based on Walls and Ceiling Prepare and Paint estimate – €1255 – €2375 for 10m2.

• Average = €1800 for 10m2.

Demolition Intervention Demolition Intervention

Building Type

Total Area (m2)

Cost of Demolition (€/ m2)

Estimated Cost (€)

1 Factory Building Type

350 Area (m2) Total 780

62 of Demolition (€/ Cost m 432)

21,700 Estimated Cost (€)

1 4 Factory Derelict Warehouses

350 3000

62 52

21,700 156,000

1 5 4 6

780 1520 3000 400

43 43 52 43

33,540 65,360 156,000 17,200

1520

43

65,360

1 Derelict Residential

Derelict Residential Residential Derelict Warehouses Low Populated Residential 5 Residential

33,540

• Demolition Costs do hiring of machinery, or17,200 the money regained 6 not Low account Populatedfor external 400costs, wages or the43 Residential by the recouping of materials.

• Figures taken from the IMI Group estimated demolition costs.

Landscape Intervention Landscape Intervention

52

Landscape Area (m2)

Turfing Cost (Based on Spons €10/m2)

Landscape Area 1 12000 (m2) 2 20,480

Turfing Cost (Based 120,000 on Spons €10/m2) 204,800

1 3 12000 924

Tree Cost (Based on Spons €400/ tree)

Paving (Based on Spons €60/m2)

Cost (€)

Tree Cost (Based 20,000 on Spons €400/ tree) 12,000

Paving 345,720(Based on Spons €60/m2) 38,400

Cost (€) 485,720

120,000 0

20,000 8,000

345,720 55,440

485,720 63,440

2 48,599 20,480 4

204,800 115,823

12,000 16,000

38,400 826,560

255,200 958,383

3 20,100 924 5

0 201,000

55,440 80,640

63,440 287,640

4 875 48,599 6

115,823 8,750

16,000 4,000

826,560 41,760

958,383 54,510

5 20,100

201,000

6,000

80,640

287,640

6 875

8,750

4,000

41,760

54,510

16,000 8,000 1

255,200

COST PLAN 1 Silo Type

Total (per development)

New Build

0

Refurbishment

442,800

Demolition

2,307,060

1,349,460

4,099,320

21,700

33,540

55,240

485,720

485,720

Total Cost (€)

4,640,280

Landscaping

2 Residential Type

Total (per development)

New Build Refurbishment

791,280

4,090,000

4,090,000

791,280

1,582,560

Demolition Landscaping

0 255,200

255,200

Total Cost (€)

5,927,760

3 Palais de Pelletane Type New Build

Total (per development) 211,950

Refurbishment

0

Demolition Landscaping

211,950 0

63,440

63,440

Total Cost (€)

275,390

4 Boulevard de Briançon Type

Total (per development)

New Build Refurbishment

1,385,520

1,385,520

958,383

958,383

Total Cost (€)

2,343,903

Demolition Landscaping

5 Marché Bellevue et École Bellevue Type

Total (per development)

New Build

1,905,904

1,905,904

Refurbishment

800,880

800,880

Demolition

65,360

65,360

Landscaping

287,640

287,640

Total Cost (€)

3,059,784

6 Jardin fer de Lance Type

Total (per development)

New Build Refurbishment Demolition

1 17,200

17,200

Landscaping

54,510

54,510

Total Cost (€)

71,710

TOTAL COST = €22,649,067

53

Marseille is a city of huge cultural diversity. Its location, centered on the southern coast of France has throughout history made it the hard beaten path of many cultures and creeds and in turn has played its part as a portal of exchange between Europe and Africa. Today in Marseille, its cultural heterogeneity is as apparent as ever recently being awarded ‘European Capital of Culture 2013’.

A city of resilience, it remained the only city in France to experience economic growth during the global economic collapse in 2008. Now however, with a view toward regeneration, questions of identity are coming to the fore and a condition of mass social exclusion with it. To the more affluent south, the mostly indigenous population stir against the mostly migrant population to the north and tensions between races, religions and beliefs are further reinforcing the divide.

COALESCE interrogates the social condition in Marseille, which has manufactured the segregation of a community settled on an industrial wasteland, by neighbouring southern communities. This issue has materialised and matured over the course of the cities long and rich history, catalysed by influxes of immigration as a result of war and conflict, which in turn has lead to overpopulation and the collision of cultures, languages and religious beliefs within the city. The scheme proposed seeks to promote social integration, a complex notion that demands the consideration of various elements within the realms of politics, economy and culture.

‘Nationality is the miracle of political independence; race is the principle of physical analogy’ Benjamin Disraeli

John Atkinson

john_atkinson91@msn.com

Jonathan Farrell

jonathan_farrell10@gmail.com

Thomas Glover

tomglover1@btinternet.com