Physical universe 16th edition krauskopf test bank

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Chapter 09 Test Bank KEY 1. Which of these statements is true for the radiation emitted by all objects?

A. Under the same circumstances, black objects emit the least radiation.

B. The higher an object's temperature, the longer the predominant wavelength of its radiation.

C. The higher an object's temperature, the more radiation it emits.

D. The higher an object's temperature, the higher the speed of the radiation it emits.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.02

Topic: Quantum Physics

2.

When light is directed at a metal surface, the emitted electrons

A. are called photons.

B. have random energies.

C. have energies that depend upon the intensity of the light.

D. have energies that depend upon the frequency of the light.

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Blooms: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Section: 09.01

Topic: Quantum Physics

3.

The photoelectric effect occurs only when the incident light has more than a certain minimum

A. frequency.

B. wavelength.

C. speed.

D. charge.

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Blooms: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Section: 09.01

Topic: Quantum Physics

4. In order to increase the rate at which photoelectrons are emitted by a surface on which light is directed, it is necessary to increase the A. frequency of the light.

B. wavelength of the light.

C. intensity of the light.

D. speed of the light.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.01

Topic: Quantum Physics

9-1 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

5.

Which of the following cannot be explained by the quantum theory of light?

A. interference B. blackbody radiation C. the photoelectric effect D. X-ray production Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.02 Section: 09.03

Topic: Quantum Physics

6.

X-rays are

A. electromagnetic waves of very short wavelength.

B. electromagnetic waves of very long wavelength.

C. matter waves of very short wavelength.

D. matter waves of very long wavelength.

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Blooms: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Section: 09.04

Topic: Quantum Physics

7.

An increase in the voltage applied to an X-ray tube causes an increase in the X-rays'

A. wavelength.

B. speed.

C. energy.

D. number.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.02 Section: 09.04

Topic: Quantum Physics

8.

The speed of a photon

A. is less than the speed of light.

B. is equal to the speed of light.

C. is greater than the speed of light.

D. Any of these choices could be correct, depending on its frequency.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

Blooms: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Section: 09.02

Topic: Quantum Physics

9.

Photons have

A. no charge.

B. charges smaller than ±e, like quarks.

C. charges of ±e.

D. charges whose magnitudes depends on their speeds.

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Blooms: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Section: 09.02

Topic: Quantum Physics

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10. The idea that light has both wave and particle properties is accepted because

A. theory and experiment agree.

B. it is in accord with common sense.

C. it was revealed to Einstein in a dream.

D. photons have actually been seen.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.03

Topic: Quantum Physics

11. Matter waves are A. associated with all particles.

B. never associated with stationary particles.

C. never associated with charged particles.

D. never associated with uncharged particles.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.05

Topic: Quantum Physics

12. The speed of the wave packet that corresponds to a moving particle is A. less than the speed of light.

B. equal to the speed of light.

C. greater than the speed of light.

D. Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the frequency.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.05

Topic: Quantum Physics

13. The wave character of a moving golf ball is not observed because A. the ball is uncharged.

B. the matter waves are moving too fast.

C. the frequency of the matter waves is too low.

D. the wavelength of the matter waves is too short.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.05

Topic: Quantum Physics

14. An electron and a gamma ray have the same wavelength.

A. The electron has less energy than the photon energy of the gamma ray.

B. The electron has the same energy as the photon energy of the gamma ray.

C. The electron has more energy than the photon energy of the gamma ray.

D. Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the wavelength.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Blooms: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Section: 09.05 Topic: Quantum Physics

9-3 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

15. A proton and an electron have the same de Broglie wavelength.

A. The electron has the higher speed.

B. The proton has the higher speed.

C. They have the same speed.

D. Any of the choices is true, depending on the wavelength.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 4. Analyze Blooms: 5. Evaluate Gradable: automatic Section: 09.05 Topic: Quantum Physics

16. A moving body is described by its wave function

at a certain time and place. The value of

is proportional to the body's

A. electric field.

B. speed.

C. energy.

D. probability of being found.

Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.06

Topic: Quantum Physics

17. The wider the wavepacket of a particle, the A. longer its wavelength.

B. higher its speed.

C. more precisely its position can be determined.

D. more precisely its momentum can be determined.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Blooms: 3. Apply Gradable: automatic Section: 09.07

Topic: Quantum Physics

18. According to the uncertainty principle, it is impossible to precisely determine A. only the position of a particle.

B. only the momentum of a particle.

C. either the position or the momentum of a particle.

D. both the position and the momentum of a particle.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.07

Topic: Quantum Physics

9-4 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

19. The uncertainty principle is a fundamental part of A. Newtonian mechanics.

B. quantum mechanics.

C. the quantum theory of light.

D. the Bohr theory of the hydrogen atom.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.07

Topic: Quantum Physics

20. If Planck's constant were smaller than it is, A. moving bodies would have longer wavelengths.

B. moving bodies would have lower speeds.

C. the uncertainty principle would be less significant.

D. photons would have higher energies.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 4. Analyze Blooms: 5. Evaluate Gradable: automatic Section: 09.07

Topic: Quantum Physics

21. The wavelengths in the various spectral series of an element A. are the same for all elements.

B. are random.

C. are different for each element.

D. are different in the emission and absorption spectra of an element.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.08

Topic: Atomic Physics

22. A neon sign does not produce A. a line spectrum.

B. an emission spectrum.

C. an absorption spectrum.

D. photons.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.08

Topic: Atomic Physics

23. The sun's spectrum consists of a bright background crossed by dark lines. This suggests that the sun A. is a hot object surrounded by a hot atmosphere.

B. is a hot object surrounded by a cool temperature.

C. is a cool object surrounded by a hot temperature.

D. is a cool object surrounded by a cool atmosphere.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.08

Topic: Atomic Physics

9-5 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

24. A photon is emitted by an atom when one of the atom's electrons A. leaves the atom.

B. collides with another of its electrons.

C. shifts to a lower energy level.

D. shifts to a higher energy level.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Figure: 09.23 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.09 Topic: Atomic Physics

25. The electron structures of atoms never emit A. gamma rays.

B. x-rays.

C. ultraviolet light.

D. infrared light.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.09

Topic: Atomic Physics

26. In an emission spectral series, the A. lines are evenly spaced.

B. excited electrons all started from the same energy level.

C. excited electrons all return to the same energy level.

D. excited electrons leave the atoms.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.09

Topic: Atomic Physics

27. The quantum number n of the lowest energy state of a hydrogen atom

A. is 0.

B. is 1.

C. depends on the orbit size.

D. depends on the electron speed.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Figure: 09.23 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.09 Topic: Atomic Physics

28. When a hydrogen atom is in its lowest energy level, A. the de Broglie wavelength of its electron equals its orbit diameter.

B. the de Broglie wavelength of its electron equals its orbit circumference.

C. its electron has left the atom.

D. its electron is at rest.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Figure: 09.27 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.10 Topic: Atomic Physics

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29. The energy difference between adjacent energy levels in a hydrogen atom A. decreases with increasing quantum numbers.

B. increases with increasing quantum numbers.

C. is the same for all quantum numbers.

D. shows no regularities.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Figure: 09.23 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.09

Topic: Atomic Physics

30. Classical physics cannot account for why A. atoms can contain electrons.

B. atomic electrons are in motion.

C. atoms can emit electromagnetic waves.

D. atoms can be stable.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.10

Topic: Atomic Physics

31. An atom in an excited state usually emits a photon and falls to a state of lower energy m about -8 A. 10 s.

B. 1 s.

C. 10 s.

D. 1 min.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Figure: 09.23 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.09

Topic: Atomic Physics

32. A beam of light whose waves are all in step with one another is said to be A. coherent.

B. incoherent.

C. quantized.

D. diffracted.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Figure: 09.23 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.09

Topic: Atomic Physics

9-7 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

33. The light waves from a laser A. have different wavelengths.

B. have different speeds.

C. are in step with one another.

D. spread out to form a wide beam.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Figure: 09.23 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.09

Topic: Atomic Physics

34. Electrons A. have no magnetic properties.

B. have the same magnetic behavior as particles of iron.

C. behave like tiny bar magnets of different strengths.

D. behave like tiny bar magnets of the same strength.

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Blooms: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Section: 09.11

Topic: Atomic Physics

35. The number of values the spin magnetic quantum number ms of an atomic electron can have is A. 1.

B. 2.

C. always equal to n, the principal quantum number.

D. always equal to 2n.

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Blooms: 1. Remember Figure: 09.29 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.11

Topic: Atomic Physics

36. The number of quantum numbers needed to describe the state of an atomic electron is A. 1.

B. 2.

C. 3.

D. 4.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.13

Topic: Atomic Physics

37. The fact that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers is known as the A. Bohr principle.

B. de Broglie principle.

C. exclusion principle.

D. uncertainty principle.

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Blooms: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Section: 09.14

Topic: Atomic Physics

9-8 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

38. The orbital of an electron in an atom is A. the region around the nucleus in which it is most likely to be found.

B. the path it follows around the nucleus.

C. its de Broglie wave.

D. its angular momentum.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Figure: 09.35 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.13

Topic: Atomic Physics

39. The number of quantum numbers needed to determine the size and shape of an atomic orbital is A. 1.

B. 2.

C. 3.

D. 4.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.14

Topic: Atomic Physics

40. Each orbital in an atom can be occupied by A. only one electron.

B. two electrons with spins in the same direction.

C. two electrons with spins in opposite directions.

D. any number of electrons.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Gradable: automatic Section: 09.14

Topic: Atomic Physics

41. An electron in an s state of an atom has an angular momentum quantum number of A. 0.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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Blooms: 1. Remember Gradable: automatic Section: 09.13

Topic: Atomic Physics

42. A p orbital A. is spherical in shape.

B. is shaped like a doughnut.

C. has two lobes.

D. has six lobes.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 2. Understand Figure: 09.37 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.14

Topic: Atomic Physics

9-9 Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.

43. Planck's constant is h = 6.6 × 10

-34

Js. Light of wavelength 5 × 10

-7

m consists of photons whose energy is

-48 A. 1.1 × 10 J. -27 B. 1.3 × 10 J. -19 C. 4 × 10 J. -15 D. 1.7 × 10 J. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 4. Analyze Blooms: 5. Evaluate Gradable: automatic Section: 09.02

Topic: Quantum Physics

-34 -15 44. Planck's constant is h = 6.6 × 10 Js. An x-ray photon has an energy of 6.6 × 10 J. The frequency that corresponds to this energy is -48 A. 4.4 × 10 Hz. -19 B. 10 Hz. 15 C. 10 Hz. 19 D. 10 Hz. Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 4. Analyze Blooms: 5. Evaluate Gradable: automatic Section: 09.02 Section: 09.04

Topic: Quantum Physics

45. Planck's constant is h = 6.6 × 10

-34

Js and the electron mass is 9.1 × 10

-31

kg. The de Broglie wavelength

8 of an electron whose speed is 10 m/s is -56 A. 5.9 × 10 m.

-19 B. 1.5 × 10 m.

-12 C. 7.3 × 10 m.

11 D. 1.4 × 10 m.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 4. Analyze Blooms: 5. Evaluate Gradable: automatic Section: 09.05

Topic: Quantum Physics

46. Planck's constant is h = 6.6 × 10

-34

Js and the electron mass is 9.1 × 10

-10

is

whose de Broglie wavelength is 10

-31

kg. The speed of an electron

-24 A. 6.6 × 10 m/s.

3 B. 3.8 × 10 m/s.

6

C. 7.3 × 10 m/s.

10 D. 10 m/s.

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation Blooms: 4. Analyze Blooms: 5. Evaluate Gradable: automatic Section: 09.05

Topic: Quantum Physics

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Chapter 09 Test Bank Summary Category

# of Questions

Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation

45

Blooms: 1. Remember Blooms: 2. Understand Blooms: 3. Apply Blooms: 4. Analyze Blooms: 5. Evaluate Figure: 09.23 Figure: 09.27 Figure: 09.29 Figure: 09.35

9 31 2 6 6 6 1 1 1

Figure: 09.37 Gradable: automatic Section: 09.01

1 46 3

Section: 09.02 Section: 09.03 Section: 09.04 Section: 09.05 Section: 09.06 Section: 09.07

7 2 3 7 1 4

Section: 09.08 Section: 09.09 Section: 09.10 Section: 09.11 Section: 09.13 Section: 09.14 Topic: Atomic Physics Topic: Quantum Physics

3 8 2 2 3 4 22 24

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