"Current Trends in Nuclear" with activities of IYNC/YNSS (Malinda Ranaweera)

“ Current Trends in Nuclear ” with the activities of IYNC/ YNSS

Malinda Ranaweera ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Objectives of YNSS * Promote peaceful uses of Nuclear Science and Technology. * Develop new approaches to communicate the benefits of Nuclear power as a part of a balanced energy mix. * Transfer Nuclear knowledge from the current generation of experts to the next generation. * To get the active participation of the YNSS members in the program launched by the AEA to Generate electricity using Nuclear power.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Highlights of YNSS (2008 - 2012) ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Highlights of YNSS 2008 - 2012 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

1st DVC Programme, March 2009 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

2nd DVC Programme, September 2009 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Third AGM of YNSS, 05th April 2012, Auditorium, AEA ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Scope of the Project: This programme mainly focused on Nuclear knowledge Management, Education on Nuclear Power Generation, establish a propaganda among young generation to make them aware of peaceful uses and the benefits of Nuclear Science and Technology & transfer the Nuclear Knowledge from current experts to Youth Generation.

This would be helpful for the future generation to effectively contribute using Nuclear technology to sustainable National development priorities of the country. In addition YNSS Programme can be developed as the grass route level of proposed NPP Programme of the country.

Funding Agency: Government of Sri Lanka Budget Allocation for 2012 : Rs.1.2 Million ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Budget Allocations as per the Action Plan 2012

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Special Presentations on “Electricity Generation using Nuclear Power” during 2011/ 2012 - To the newly assigned Engineers of CEB on 20th January 2011.

- To the Debate Team of Kuliyapitiya Central College for the participation of “Sirasa” Islandwide Inter-school Debate Competition on 22nd March 2011.

- To the Debate Team of D. S. Senanayake College, Colombo 08 for the participation of “Sirasa” Islandwide Inter-school Debate Competition on 2nd May 2011.(Winner of the Competition) (In addition conducted some individual presentations on the request of the students who came from Universities,Defence Academies & High Schools) ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

School Seminars- 2011  Conducted Lectures on “Electricity Generation using Nuclear Power ” & “What actually happened in Fukushima Daiichi NPP on 11th March 2011”.

- R/ Bodimalu Vidyalaya,Embilipitiya on 25/03/2011

- Mo/ Sevanagala Maha Vidyalaya on 07/07/2011 - Science Day,R/ Kalawana National School on 22/09/2011

- Science Day,Ku/ Kuliyapitiya Central College on 10/10/2011 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Presentations/ Videos/ Q & A Sessions on “Peaceful Applications of Nuclear Technology & Electricity Generation using Nuclear Power”

Teachers/Teaching Instructors who came from Embilipitiya Education Zone ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Participation of National Level Exhibitions to enroll members for the YNSS - “Deyata Kirula 2011”,Buttala,February 2011 - “Inco 2011”,Sirimavo Bandaranayake Convention Center,June 2011 - “Vidulka 2011”,Sirimavo Bandaranayake Convention Center,August 2011 - St. Mary's College,Mattakkuliya,August 2011 - “MedEx 2011”,Medical faculty,Ragama, September 2011 -“Deyata Kirula 2012”,Oyamaduwa,Anuradhapura,February 2012 - “Future Minds 2012 ”, Sirimavo Bandaranayake Convention Center, June 2012 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Laboratory Demonstrations to the Teachers/Students who came from Kalawana National School

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

“Deyata Kirula 2012”,Oyamaduwa,Anuradhapura(Conducted the Quiz & Speech Competition among North Central & Northern School Students with the assistance of Department of Applied Sciences, Rajarata University) Acknowledgement: Dr. Harshani Wijewardane ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Press Release / Newspaper Articles - “Vidusara” Newspaper Role of the Youth Nuclear Society of Sri Lanka & Enrollment of Members - ITN TV Cooperation, Derana TV, Sirasa TV, Swarnavahini TV, Max FM, SLBC, Lakehouse newspaper Ltd.,“Lankadeepa” Newspaper etc.

“What really happened on Fukushima Daiichi NPP on 11th March 2011.”

- Nawayugaya Magazine/ “Vidusara” Newspaper “Electricity Generation using Nuclear Power” - “ Vidusara” Newspaper “ New trends of Nuclear Power Sector on Indian Sub-continent” “ Nuclear Technology Involvement of London Olympic 2012” Future Press Release : “Nuclear Silk Road” “Development achieved using Nuclear in France” ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Convince the Politicians/ Policy makers on the benefits of Nuclear Power

Honurable Prime Minister, Minister of Power & Energy and Chairman, CEB visited the AEA Stall at “Viduluka 2011”,Sirimavo Bandaranayake Convention Center ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

YNSS officers elected for the period of 2012/ 2013 Patron : Mr. D. G. L. Wickramanayake, Head, IAD, AEA President : Malinda Ranaweera, Atomic Energy Authority Secretary : Ms. Kaushalya Perera, Atomic Energy Authority Treasurer : Mr. Prabhath Buddhika, Atomic Energy Authority Institutional : Mr. Chathuranga Oshan Dayarathne (University of Moratuwa) Representatives Mr. Charith Suriyakula (Rajarata University of Sri Lanka) Ms . Nadeesha Dissanayake (Institute of Chemistry) Bulletin editor :Mr. Hiroshan Gunawardane, Open University of Sri Lanka Research project chair: Mr. Shanaka Paranahewage, Atomic Energy Authority Web chair : Mr. Janith Weerasinghe, University of Ruhuna Technical progamme chair :Mr. Dinira Vinoy, Atomic Energy Authority Public relations chair : Ms. Nadeesha Thilakarathne, Atomic Energy Authority Media chair : Ms.Chamika Lenora, Atomic Energy Authority Elite Panel :Mr. Ravindra Abeysinghe, AEA, Mr.Chandana Hewawasam, Ministry of Plantation Industries , Mr. Dulan Jayasooriya, Department of Molecular Medicine, Ragama Number of members of YNSS: 750 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Raise awareness on Nuclear Power Generation Through Electronic & Printed Version

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Youth Nuclear Society of Sri Lanka (YNSS) jointly collaborate with International Youth Nuclear Congress (IYNC) Supporting parent organization: Atomic Energy Authority, Sri Lanka Official Web Site of IYNC :http://www.iync.org IYNC Bulletin : Published in 4 times per the Year - Spring , Summer, Autumn Winter Facebook : http://www.facebook.com/#!/groups/352815729141/ Official Web Site of YNSS : http://ynssl.wordpress.com/ News updates: http://www.aea.gov.lk ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Sirimavo Bandaranayake Convention Center , 22nd - 24th June 2012 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Future Programmes – Deyata Kirula 2013, Ampara

- School Seminar on Nuclear Science - Debate, Quiz & Speech Competitions - Industrial Seminar in Hingurana Sugar factory (Benefits of NDT) - Seminar on Nuclear Power in Hardy Technological Institute, Ampara ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Participation of “Atoms for the Future 2011” in Avignon & Paris, France during 07th -10th November 2011 On the Invitation of French Nuclear Professionals-Young Generation (SFEN-JG)

Theme : “Nuclear Fuel Cycle”

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

French Nuclear Industry consists of 58 Nuclear Power plants (PWR, FBR, UNGG) , Nuclear Fusion Reactors (ITER), Fuel fabrication facilities, Nuclear waste management sites, Hot Labs, Nuclear Chemistry laboratories, Nuclear weapon test sites, Research French Nuclear Map Laboratories etc.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

PWR connecting to the propeller of the Submarine

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Charles De Gaulle Air craft carrier Propulsion: 2 Ă— K15 Pressurized water reactors (PWR) 150 MW each ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Electricity Contribution/ Consumption using Nuclear Power in France (1980 - 2010) ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Train Speed = 300 km/ h ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Nuclear Electrified, TGV Train system ( 300 km/ h) make easy of the transportation to all over the Europe.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Mr. Laurent Stricker , Chairman, World Association of Nuclear Operators (WANO) mentioned that, “ Things do not happen. Things are made to happen” John F. Kennedy, Former US President ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Dr. Bernard Boullis, Director, Nuclear Energy Division, CEA (Advisor to the French President on Nuclear Energy) stated that, “Future Reactor Designs are based on the combination of Light Water Reactors and Fast Reactors.

Dr. Christophe Poinssot, Deputy Head, RadioChemical Processes Department, CEA explained that How they react to the Fukushima Daiichi incident as French Nuclear Rescue Team.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Nuclear Power Projection (2000- 2140) REP – Light Water Reactors such as PWR EPR – Evolutionary Power Reactors (Passive) RNR- Combination of Light Water Reactors and Fast Reactors ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Areva Tricastin site – Full experience of entire Nuclear Fuel Cycle with 04 Pressurized Water Reactors . ( 900 MW X 04) As a practice of French Nuclear Industry, not Consider the IAEA Nuclear Evacuation Zone. ( Radius of 10 - 15 km) ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

“Atoms for the Future 2011” , Paris & Avignon, France ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Common Scene : Most of the Wine yards (Grapes plantations) are located near to the Nuclear Power plants in France.

Interesting fact: Wooden Lid of the Wine bottles are irradiated using Gamma rays to avoid the fungus infection ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Outcome of the participation on “Atoms for the Future 2011”  Ensure the negotiation with SFEN –JG and YNSS  To conduct the Digital Video based conference between French Nuclear Professional and Sri Lankan Nuclear audience.  Availability to Sri Lankans to participate on the future French Nuclear Educational/ Technical Programmes. e .g : Atoms for the Future 2013, 2014, 2015…etc.

PWR Training Course - 02 weeks Ability to request the expert guidance/ Contribution for proposed nuclear power programme in Sri Lanka .Such as make connections with High level Nuclear Professionals of France like Dr. Bernerd Boullis, Prof. Pinzo YNSS/ SFEN –JG Collaborations are important to future Civil Nuclear Cooperation between Sri Lanka and France.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

We have to be think on the following points….  France has the third biggest Nuclear weapon capability, next to the US and China. French nuclear Industry is fully sustained with the entire Nuclear Fuel cycle, Reactor Technology and non power applications (Food irradiation, Nuclear Medicine) Ability to obtain the French assistance/Guidance/ Technology Transfer programes for the Establishment of NPP/Uranium mining etc. (Through the Inter governmental agreements) Ability to send the Sri lankan students for French Nuclear MSc/ PhD Programmes. (INSTN, ENSTA, Paris Polytechnique) ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

In recognition of sponsors for IYNC 2012

Youth Nuclear Future International Youth Nuclear Congress 2012 Charlotte, USA August 5-11

Strategic Planning: Opportunity for Innovative Growth Co-hosted by: North American Young Generation in Nuclear

IYNC 2012 IYNC 2012 is the most significant nuclear young professional conference of the year, which was brought together young and senior professionals, students and academia, in a friendly and engaging environment, meant for experience and best practices exchange between generations and also between peers.

The conference was focused on strategic planning in all aspects of the nuclear field, as a key for future growth and development of the sector.

Venue The International Youth Nuclear Congress (IYNC) 2012 meeting was held in Charlotte, North Carolina (US), during August 5-11, 2012. The congress will take place in the Westin Charlotte Hotel.

Professional Development Sessions, Technical Tracks and Workshops The conference included topics on: •Plant Design and Construction •Operation and Maintenance •Thermal Hydraulics •Core Design, Simulation and Modeling •Nuclear Materials and Chemistry •Structural Integrity •Advanced and Innovative Nuclear Systems •Fusion Science and Technology •Reactor Safety and Human Factors •Radiation Science •Medical Applications •Nuclear Policies, Safeguards and Economics •Human Resources in Nuclear • Young Generation Activities •Strategic Planning

Key speakers • Alexander Fertman , Director, SkTech Nuclear Cluster, Russia • Atsuyuki Suzuki, President of JAEA Japan • Anders Jackson, CEO, Studsvik, Sweden • Dhiaa Jamil, Chief Generation Officer, Duke Energy, USA • Eric van Walle, Director General of SCK-CEN, Belgium • Jean-Pol Poncelet, Director General of FORATOM • Marv Fertel, CEO of NEI, USA • Rick Perez, President and CEO of Westinghouse Electric, USA • Susan Landahl, CEO, Exelon, USA • Steve Kuczynski, CEO of Southern Company, USA

Technical Tours -Electric power research tour - EPRI and UNCC EPIC -Westinghouse fuel fabrication facility -Duke Energy’s McGuire & Catawba plants and Siemens turbine manufacturing facility -Palmetto Health’s facility in Columbia -University of South Carolina (USC) - laboratories -Summer Nuclear Station in Fairfield County-new build

Main Nuclear Power Research Laboratories/ Institutions in USA Contribute to the IYNC 2012 

Nuclear Regulation Commision (NRC), USA

Idaho National Laboratory (First Nuclear Electrified Bulb, BWR Technology) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (PWR Technology, Air Craft Carrier, Nuclear Submarines) Massachusetts Institute of Technology (No.01 Nuclear Engineering University in USA ) ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

IYNC 2012, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Highlight of IYNC 2012 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Highlight of IYNC 2012 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

“Strategic Planning & Opportunities�

A year has passed since the Fukushima accident. In this session, IYNC Members looked at how nuclear plant operations have been affected and what measures have been taken to prevent future accidents.

Additionally, We explored how countries are making up for the lost generation of power when nuclear plants are taken off line. (e.g: Japan & Germany)

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Dr.Atsuyuki Suzuki, President of Japan Atomic Energy Agency - JAEA addressing the IYNC Congress

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

International Youth Nuclear Congress (IYNC) Network gathers individuals in Research, Academia, and Nuclear industries in addition to those passionate and devoted to the continued success of Nuclear energy on six continents.

IYNC 2012 was the 7th IYNC Conference, which was held in Charlotte, North Carolina, USA. It was gathered more than 600 youth professionals from six continents and from all Nuclear sectors, universities, laboratories, vendors, utilities, regulators, etc.

This conference was a unique opportunity to shape the future of the Nuclear industry by developing youth professionals to be the global leaders of tomorrow.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

IYNC Travel Grants IYNC2012 travel grants have been awarded to the following participants with the amount of US Dollars 1000:  Raquel Ochoa (Spain)  Ionut Zaharov (Romania)  David Amaraggi (France)  Malinda Ranaweera (Sri Lanka)  Bogdan Negulici (Romania)  Anca Gheorghe (Romania)  Igor Vukovic (Croatia)  Dipuo Olga (South Africa)  Juan Alberto Gonzalez (France)  Tom Coppen (Netherlands)  Rasmus Enlund (Sweden) ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Remarks.......

In Sri Lanka point of view Atomic Energy Authority seeks possibility to establish a Nuclear Power plant in year 2030 with the cooperation of Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB). Therefore, Secretary to the Ministry of Power & Energy appointed a Committee to conduct a pre-feasibility study to seek possibilities to establish a Nuclear power plant or not since 09th March 2011.

Furthermore, I working as a National Representative of International youth Nuclear Congress Network and Board of Director in member at Large of IYNC Network since 2006. 39 countries are represented in the Panel of IYNC Board of Directors. This is helps to make proposals, given votes to crucial situations, make new connections as well as collaboration youth professionals from nuclear rich countries. This exposure with Board of directors in Member at Large of IYNC can be utilize the various future arrangements of proposed Nuclear Power prgramme in Sri lanka.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Countries in IYNC Board of Directors Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Lithuania, Mexico, Malaysia, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Peru, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, Tanzania, United Kingdom, Ukraine, United States of America ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

IYNC Grant Programme IYNC aims to support the following regional events once every two years (in between IYNC Congresses): (All figures in US Dollars) * Europe (with ENS YGN - up to $5,000) * North America (with NAYGN - up to $5,000) * South America (up to $5,000) * Asia (up to $5,000) * Africa (up to $5,000) Events in South America, Asia and Africa could be used to encourage creation of regional YG networks (similar to ENS YGN or NAYGN) in these regions. IYNC International Grant Projects can be considered in this regard if there is enough interest from the regions.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Attitude towards Nuclear science and technology in Sri Lanka......

Agreed to continue the DVC programmes with North American Young Generation Network in Nuclear ( NAYGN) & French Nuclear Professionals- Youth Generation ( SFEN-JG) & British Nuclear Society - Youth Forum during IYNC 2012.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Recommendations I would like to proposed to make more participation from Sri Lankan youth professionals on future IYNC Conference. This kind of exposure is very essential for proposed Pre-feasibility study programme on Nuclear Power in Sri Lanka.

As agreed on the IYNC 2012 Conference by the Former & Current President of NAYGN, to conduct the Digital Video Conference (DVC) Programme with North American Young Generation Network in Nuclear (NAYGN) Members . This DVC programme can be conduct as the Nuclear Knowledge sharing event with the participation of Youth Professionals of Sri Lanka.

Search the Possibilities to Training the Sri lankan professionals in EPRI & EPIC, University of North Carolina, USA. Supposed to obtain the the Expert assistance/ Consultation of Excelon Nuclear Engineering company to proposed Nuclear Power Programme of Sri lanka with the assistance of IAEA .

Supposed to obtain the assistance of US Embassy of Sri Lanka, American Center of Sri Lanka & Government of United States to make collaboration on Civil Nuclear Programmes with Government of Sri Lanka. This should be Implemented after the approval of Ministry of Power & Energy & Department of Foreign Affairs In Sri Lanka.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Current Situation in Nuclear Industry, Worldwide ?

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Nuclear Industry Reactor Technology

- Design - Fabrication - Construction - Operation - Maintenance - Decommissioning

Regulatory & Licensing Infrastructure

- Review all the steps as per the US/ French/ IAEA Nuclear Regulations/ Codes.

- Review all the Steps as compatible with Highly Engineering design Principles on Nuclear, Mechanical, Civil, Electrical, Structural, Material, Chemical. ( ISO, ASME, ASTM,AWS, BS etc ) - Simulations/ System Engineering.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Nuclear Fuel Cycle

- Front End - Mining, - Conversion - Enrichment - Fuel fabrication - Back End - Fuel fabrication (MOX Fuel) - Nuclear Waste Management

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Structure of the Nuclear Fuel Pellet/ Fuel Rod

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Nuclear Reaction Fission Reaction Fusion Reaction Water Moderated Reactors

Light Water Reactors

- BWR - ABWR (Direct Heat Cycle)

- PWR/ VVER - APWR (Indirect Heat Cycle)

Graphite Moderated Reactors - GCR - AGCR - RBMK - Magnox - UNGG

Heavy Water Reactors

Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWR) e.g: CANDU

Fast Neutron Reactors

- Phoenix, France - Clementine, USA - Fermi, USA - Monju, Japan - FBR, India - ASTRID, France - BN, Russia

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER)

Light Element Moderated Reactors - Molten salt reactors - Liquid Metal cooled reactors

WANO Classification

Heavy Water : Deuterium Oxide ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Pressurized Water Reactor/ VVER (66 %) - Indirect Heat Cycle - Demineralized water (light water) as a coolant and neutron moderator.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Boiling Water Reactor (22 %) - Direct Heat Cycle - Demineralized water (light water) as a coolant and neutron moderator.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

VVER :Vodo-Vodyanoi Energetichesky Reactor; Water-Water Power Reactor (PWR)

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Pressurized Heavy Water Reactor (PHWR)- 6 % - CANDU (Canada Deuterium Uranium)

This Reactor was developed in Canada & owned by COG. ( Candu Owners Group- Canada, South Korea, Argentina,Romania, India,Pakistan etc.)

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

“The formulation of a problem is often more essential than it's solution...”

- Sir Albert Einstein —.eg¿jl úi÷ug jvd wjYHh lrkqfha" th meyeos,sj" ir,j yd l%uj;aj ilia lr .ekSuhs'˜

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Three Mile Island- Unit 02, Pennsylvania, USA

- 28th March 1979 - B & W PWR - RCCV protected the Radiation release, while melt the Fuel assembly inside the Reactor core ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Meltdown of the Reactor Core

PORV: Pilot Operating Relief Valve ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Control Panel of the unit – 04, Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant after the Incident happened on 26th April 1986 ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Chernobyl Nuclear Accident : 6th April 1986

The RBMK (Reaktor Bolshoy Moshchnosti Kanalniy, "High Power Channel-type Reactor") is a class of graphite-moderated nuclear power reactor designed and built by the Soviet Union.

Current Situation of Unit – 04, Chernobyl with Ms. Ekterina Ryabikovskaya, Former Secretary,of IYNC & Rosatom, Russia ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Welfare Programmes - Chernobyl

ďƒ˜Several welfare Programmes launched by UNDP for the welfare of children in Belarus.(2008 -2010) ďƒ˜Ms. Maria Sharapova, Leading Tennis champion worked as UNDP Representative for Chernobyl welfare programmes.

She donated number of Millions in US Dollars for the programme.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Japan’s 54 reactors were shut down for safety checks, though the prime minister is recommending the restart the Unit 03 - Ohi on July 2012 .

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Fukushima Daiichi Incident,Japan 11th March 2011 Core damage on Unit 01, 02 & 03

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Hydrogen explosion on Unit 01, 03 & 04

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Earth quake is around 9.00 magnitude

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Tsunami height:15 m

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On site & Off-site AC power Loss

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ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Onagawa plant 'remarkably undamaged,' says IAEA 10 August 2012, World Nuclear News

The Onagawa nuclear power plant on Japan's northeastern coast - the closest plant to the epicentre of the massive earthquake and tsunami of 11th March 2011 - suffered remarkably little damage, a mission from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has concluded.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Nuclear Engineering Consultation : Fukuhima daichi Nuclear Incident

French Team consists with the Areva & CEA. US Team consists of the Shaw group.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa)

Together for Economical Development, which includes the Nuclear Power Sector

Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff (left), Russian President Vladimir Putin (second left), Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh (center), Chinese President Hu Jintao (second right), and South African President Jacob Zuma (Right) ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Civil Nuclear Cooperation between USA and India

123 Nuclear Agreement signed with US President Mr. George W. Bush and Dr. Manmohan Singh in 2005 regarding the Civil Nuclear Cooperation between the 02 Countries.

In addition US based Nuclear utility companies such as, Westinghouse and GE Hitachi involving the construction of 06 units, AP - 1000 in Mithi Virdi, Gujarat and 06 units, ESBWR in Kovvadha, Andhra Pradesh.

Constraints : Nuclear Liability Clause (Responsibility should be taken by the utility Company, if accident occurred in India) ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Civil Nuclear Cooperation between Russia and India

Nuclear Agreement signed with Former Russian President Mr. Dimitri Medvenev and Dr. Manmohan Singh in 2010 regarding the continuation of Civil Nuclear Cooperation between the 02 Countries.

In addition Russian based Nuclear utility company, Rosatom involving the construction of VVER -1000 in Kudankulam Unit 01 / 02 (Discussion going on the construction of unit 03 and 04 ) and Haripur, West Bengal- 06 units.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Civil Nuclear Cooperation between France and India

Nuclear Agreement signed with Former French President Mr. Nicholas Sarkozy and Dr. Manmohan Singh in 2010 regarding the continuation of Civil Nuclear Cooperation between the 02 Countries.

In addition French based Nuclear utility company, Areva involving the construction of 06 Units (1650 MW X 06) of EPR (Evolutionary Power Reactors) in Jaitapur, Maharashtra.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Civil Nuclear Cooperation between Canada/ Japan and India

Nuclear Agreement signed with Canadian Prime Minster Mr. Stephen Harper and Dr. Manmohan Singh in 2010 regarding the continuation of Civil Nuclear Cooperation between the 02 Countries.

Nuclear Agreement signed with Former Japanese Prime Minster Mr. Nauto Khan and Dr. Manmohan Singh in 2010 regarding the continuation of Civil Nuclear Cooperation between the 02 Countries.

Agreement on supply of Uranium between Ms. Juliya Gillard, Prime Minister, Australia and Dr. Manmohan Singh,India ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Seismic Zones/ Earth faults on NPP Locations in India

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Hindustan Metal Company, Reliance, Turbo & Larsen, Tata Industries Joined to the Nuclear Business in various aspects.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Protest by uneducated community of India such as fishermen against the establishment of Nuclear Power plants.

- In front of the Kudankulam Nuclear Power plant Hint : USA and Scandinavian countries based NGO were supported to the Protesters ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Low Decay power with passive safety features ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

UK Impression on new Nuclear Build......

- Even Fukushima Daiichi Incident happen

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

London 2012 Olympic games majestically Celebrated with Nuclear Electricity ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

According to the Gallup statistical review, UK People willing to establish Nuclear Power plants to fullfill their Energy Requirements

Hint : Energy Security Russian based Natural gas utility Company, Gasprom cut the pipeline to UK during the Autumn & Winter of 2010.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

New Nuclear Constructions in UK - EDF, Atkins, Horizon, Amec cooperation with UK Government

Westinghouse AP 1000, 1100 MW Generation III+ Reactor

Areva EPR, 1600 MW (EUR Certifiied)

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Iran : Empowering the Nation with Nuclear Electricity Political Debate against the Iranian Nuclear Programme by US and Europe.

Busher Nuclear Power Plant VVER -1000

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Achieved the Full capacity in September 2012 .

Hand over the responsibility of Operation to the local experts by Russian Nuclear Engineers.

Initial machineries are supplied

by Siemens, Germany (40 %)

Iran VVER -1000 Reactor

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Solution to the On-site ,Off-site Power Loss in Nuclear Power plant MIR – 1200 extended version to the EU requirement

Passive Reactors Westinghouse AP -1000 Reactor - combination

GE Hitachi ESBWR - Isolation Condenser System,

on 2 loops of AP 600

- Gravity Driven Cooling System

-Integrated passive safety system

- Passive Containment Cooling System.

Areva EPR -Four independent emergency cooling systems - Leak tight containment around the reactor - An extra container and cooling area - Two-layer concrete wall with total thickness 2.6 meters

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Rosatom VVER- 1000/ 1200 - Passive heat removal system - Hexahedral fuel assemblies - No bottom penetrations in the pressure vessel - High-capacity pressurisers providing a large reactor coolant inventory

Westinghouse AP 1000, Virgil C. Summer Nuclear Generating Station in South Carolina, USA ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Advantages of Westinghouse AP 1000 Reactors

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

New Nuclear Constructions in USA.....

AP 1000- Advanced Passive Reactors - Solution to the Natural disasters

VC Summer, South Carlina ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

New Constructions on AP 1000 (Expert Consultation given by the “Shaw” group) USA

-William States Lee III Nuclear Generating Station in South Carolina 

Virgil C. Summer Nuclear Generating Station in South Carolina.

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Vogtle Electric Generating Plant in Georgia

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Levy County Nuclear Power Plant in Florida

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Turkey Point Nuclear Generating Station in Florida

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Bellefonte Nuclear Generating Station in Alabama.

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CHINA (Very aggressive efforts made by Chinese Nuclear Engineers on the Constructions) Sanmen Nuclear Power Plant in Zhejiang

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Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant in Shandong

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ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

New Constructions on Areva - EPR

Olkiluoto unit 03, Finland

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Flamanville unit 03, France

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Taishan unit 01 & 02, Guangdong Province,China

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Planning Stage 

UK - 04 Reactors

India -06 Reactors

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ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Germany shut 08 of it’s 17 reactors after the Fukushima Daiichi accident and intends to close the remaining 09 by 2022.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

MENA (Middle East Nuclear Association) The MENA nuclear new build market could be worth up to $200 billion by 2030.

Egypt, Kuwait, Qatar and possibly Libya will have joined the first wave of nuclear countries i.e. UAE, Turkey, Jordan and Saudi Arabia.

SMRs are expected to play an important role in water desalination for the region.

The following list of non-MENA companies are already engaged in major nuclear related work in the region: •KEPCO: Prime Contractor for NPP supply of Braka NPP in UAE •Doosan, KEPCO E&C, Samsung, Westinghouse: Subcontractors •CH2M Hill: Consulting Engineer for ENEC on Braka Project in UAE •Tractabel: Siting Evaluations in Jordan •Pӧyry: Strategy and Feasibility Consultation in Saudi Arabia ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

What is the biggest barrier?

The high cost of developing a nuclear programme is considered the biggest barrier to the development of nuclear power in the region.

The cost of each reactor unit is estimated at US $ 5 to $7 billion on top of the investments in developing local workforce, infrastructure and setting up the legal and regulatory framework.

Hidden Truth...

Saving oil and gas for the more lucrative export markets is a major driver for nuclear energy in resource rich countries such as the UAE and Saudi Arabia.

On the other hand, countries such as Jordan, which has no significant oil and gas reserves, are pursuing nuclear energy to limit their reliance on imported oil and gas. Jordan has significant indigenous Uranium resources ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

WHICH COUNTRY IS LEADING THE WAVE? Saudi Arabia, with a target of 16 reactors, has the most ambitious nuclear programme in the region UAE, Jordan, Turkey and Saudi Arabia are expected to have up to 15 GWe of civilian nuclear power plants by 2020. Conservative estimates value this market at $75 billion, not accounting for infrastructure

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

WHICH COUNTRY IS LEADING THE WAVE? The UAE is leading the wave of Nuclear New Build Plants in the MENA region and is expected to bring online four reactors APR1400 reactors at Braka by 2017. A consortium led by KEPCO has been awarded this project.

Turkey, the forerunner, is expected to build four VVER 1200 reactors by 2020. The project has been awarded to Rosatom., Russia.

Jordan is expected to bring online one reactor by 2019. Currently a 5 MW research reactor is under construction in the country.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Constraints....

- Unable to conduct the scheduled 02 Digital Video Conference Programmes with North American Young Generation network In Nuclear (NAYGN) & French Nuclear professionals-Young Generation (SFEN-JG) .

- Bad Impact on Nuclear Industry due the Fukushima Daiichi Incident (wake- up call to the Advancement of technology for Passive reactors to overcome the Natural disasters) - Nuclear Power Education and Training Center/ Nuclear Research Reactor ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Relevancy of the YNSS Activities •To strengthen the ongoing activities of AEA through the collaboration of Youth Generation of Sri Lanka. YNSS makes some impression on Youth Generation with the knowledge in Nuclear power generation, non-power applications and safety culture in Nuclear Industry. * To strengthen the ongoing pre-feasibility study programme on “Electricity generation using Nuclear Power in Sri Lanka” * To update the Knowledge on new innovations of Nuclear Technology in International perspective.(WNN Weekly / Nuclear Energy Insider/ World Nuclear Digest)

*This would be helpful for the future generation to effectively contribute using nuclear technology to sustainable national development priorities of the country. * To strengthen the IYNC activities.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Education is the Pillar to the Success‌..

Nuclear Education and Training Center With the establishment of Research Reactor (500 KW/ 1 MW) -Neutron activation analysis - Reactor Physics - Thermal Hydralics

Hint : - Technology Transfer through the Civil Nuclear Agreement / Cooperation between Russia/ USA/ France/ South Korea/ Japan - IAEA TC Programme/ Local Funds ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Available Opportunities in Sri Lanka using Nuclear Electricity There is a possibility to upgrade the train system into the electrified power system .

In addition, There is a possibility to connect the India through the TalaiMannar.

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

Suitability of Nuclear Power for Sri Lanka More Investments with Low cost , Low carbon Electricity - To acquire and maintained the 8% Economic growth rate.

- Boost the Foreign Investments (with Infrastructure Developments in EPZ) - Solution to the Environment issues on GHG/ Carbon credit - Ability to boost the Industrial Sector with low cost electricity - Low electricity supply for Domestic/ Industrial use

ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA

“Building NPP, today means energy and economic security in tomorrow”

Thank you ATOMIC ENERGY AUTHORITY, SRI LANKA