Indonesia's Nuclear Power Program (Sriyana)

BATAN

CURRENT STATUS OF INDONESIA’S NUCLEAR POWER PROGRAMME

Sriyana Presented in IAEA Technical Meeting/Workshop on Topical Issues on Infrastructure Development: Managing the Development of National Infrastructure for NPP

Center for Nuclear Energy Development National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN) Vienna, 24 – 27 January 2012

BATAN

1. INTRODUCTION

Activities Related to NPP Introduction BATAN

ESTABLISHMENT OF STATE COMMITEE FOR RADIOACTIVITY RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT OF ATOMIC ENERGY COUNCIL AND ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (BATAN) OPERATIONS OF TRIGA MARK II RESEARCH REACTOR: 250 KW NPT SIGNED BY GOVT OPERATION OF TRIGA MARK II RESEARCH REACTOR 1 MW

ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISION FOR PREPARATION OF NPP CONSTR

NPT RATIFICATION BY PARLIAMENT

1987 1989 1990 1991 1995 1996 Act No 10 Yr 1997

1997

Act No 31 Yr 1964

1965 1970

1971 1972

OPERATION OF KARTINI RESEARCH REACTOR 100 kW

OPERATION OF RSG RESEARCH REACTOR 30 MW OPERATION OF RAD. WASTE MNG. INSTALLATION

1988 GOVT DECISION FOR NPP DEVELPOMENT

1964

1978 1979

NUCLEAR ACCIDENT – CHERNOBYL 1986

1954 1958

OPERATION OF Power Reactor Experimental FE Installation OPERATIONS OF RMI, Etc.

STARTING OF NPP FEASIBILITY STUDY WHOLE INDONESIAN CORE FOR 30 MW RESEARCH REACTOR FINISHING OF NPP FEASIBILITY STUDY

NUCLEAR ENERGY ACT

ECONOMIC/POLITICAL CRISIS ESTABLISHMENT OF BATAN AND BAPETEN OPERATION OF TRIGA MARK II RESEARCH REACTOR 2 MW, Advanced Si Core for RSG RR 2000 START OF ENERGY PLANNING STUDY, FINISHED 2002, NPP FEASIBLE 2003 SUBMISSION OF ENERGY PLANNING STUDY RESULT “CADES” TO PRESIDEN OF R.I. 2005 NATIONAL ELECTRICITY GENERAL PLANNING 2005-2025, NUCLEAR POWER INCLUDED

1998

2006 2007

NATIONAL ENERGY POLICY 2005–2025, PRESIDENTIAL DECREE, JANUARY 2006 – NUCLEAR SHARE 2% Act No 17 Year 2007 on National Long-Term Development Planning – Introduction of NPP ( 2015-2019 ).

Activities Related to NPP Introduction BATAN

2008

Establishment of National Energy Council

2009

Self Evaluation of National Nuclear Infrastructure and IAEA INIR Mission .

2010

• President Instruction No 1/ 2010 on NPP on acceleration on the implementation of national development priorities in 2010 • In September 2010, the Directorate General of New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation – Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources was established

20112013

Feasibility Study for Bangka Belitung Province

ELECTRICITY PROJECTION JAWA – MADURA – BALI BATAN

Additional capacity Existing Capacity*) Peak Load Electricity Demand Derating Existing Power Plan *) Kapasitas terpasang yang mengalami penurunan kemampuan (derating)

Asumption(average for 20 years) : • Economic Growth: 6,9 % • Population Growth : 1,2 % • Margin Reserve : 30 % Source : DGEEU-MEMR

Projection for 20 Years : • Electricity Growth Rate : 7,8 % • Additional capacity : 4.138 MW

ELECTRICITY PROJECTION OUTSIDE JAWA – MADURA – BALI BATAN

Additional capacity Existing Capacity*) Peak Load Electricity Demand

*) Kapasitas terpasang yang Derating Existing Power Planmengalami penurunan kemampuan (derating)

Asumption(average for 20 years) : • Economic Growth : 6,9 % • Population Growth : 1,5 % • Reserve Margin : 40 % Source : DGEEU-MEMR

Projections for 20 Years : • Electricity Growth Rate • Additional Capacity MW

: 11,2 % : 3.678

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ENERGY POLICY

• The government of Indonesia intends to apply an optimum energy mix comprising all viable prospective energy sources and issued a Presidential Regulation No. 5 year 2006 concerning on National Energy Policy as the main guidance in national energy management to achieve the security of domestic energy supply.

• This regulation sets a clear target of the share of each type of energy up to 2025 as follows : oil should decrease to less than 20%, natural gas increases to be more than 30%, coal should be more than 33% and new and renewable energy to be more than 17%.

• The Regulation indicates the target of energy mix until 2025 and the share of nuclear energy is about 2% of primary energy or 4% of electricity (4000 MWe)

PRESIDENT DECREE NO. 5 / 2006

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• Target of National Energy Mix 2025

YEAR 2005 Oil

YEAR 2025

: 54.76%

Natural Gas : 22.24% Coal Hydro

: 16.77% : 3.72% Biofuel > 5 %

Geothermal : 2.48% Coal >33 %

New & Renewable Resources >17 %

Geothermal > 5 %

Gas >30 % Oil< 20 %

Nuclear, Hydro, Solar, Wind And biomass >5 % Liquefied Coal >2 %

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2. STATUS OF INFRASTRUCTURE

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Evaluation of the status of nuclear national infrastructure

• In order to assess status of nuclear national infrastructure a selfassessment using milestone approach is used.

• The nuclear national infrastructure is developed in three phase with each milestone: • First phase: consideration before decision to launch a nuclear power program with milestone 1 of ready to make knowledgeable commitment to nuclear power program • Second phase: preparatory work for the construction of a NPP after a policy decision with milestone 2 ready to invite bid • Thirds phase: activities to implement a first NPP with milestone 3 ready to commission and operate the first NPP

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Evaluation of the status of nuclear national infrastructure

Key Infrastructure Issues to be evaluated : • • • • • • • • • •

National position Nuclear safety Management Funding and financing Legislative framework Safeguards Regulatory framework Radiation protection Electrical grid Human resources development

• • • • • • • • •

Stakeholder involvement Site and supporting facilities Environmental protection Emergency planning Security and physical protection Nuclear fuel cycle Radioactive waste Industrial involvement Procurement

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Cronology Evaluation of the status of nuclear national infrastructure

• SELF-EVALUATION OF THE STATUS OF INDONESIA NUCLEAR INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT – October 2009 • THE INTEGRATED NUCLEAR INFRASTRUCTURE REVIEW (INIR) MISSION to Review the Status of Indonesia’s National Nuclear Infrastructure – 23-27 November 2009 • Draft Action Plan 2010-2014 – Status October 2011

BATAN

Organization Involved In Infrastructure Preparation Responsible institutions

• •

BATAN MINISTRY OF RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY

BAPETEN (Regulatory Body)

Directorate General of New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation-Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Training and Education Agency-Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Electricity State Own Company (PLN) Ministry of Industry and Ministry of Environmental

Scope of work Nuclear Safety Stakeholder Involvement (Socialization Program), Siting, Fuel Cycle and Radioactive Waste Environment Protection Nuclear Safety Legislative Framework Regulation Framework Safeguard, Radiation Protection, Emergency Planning, and Security & Physical Protection National Position Management Funding & Financing Electrical Grid Human Resources Development Stakeholder Involvement Environment Protection Industrial Involvement and Procurement.

Note: this program will be funded through regular annual budget of each related institution

Summary Result IAEA INIR Mission BATAN

No.

INFRASTRUCTURE ISSUES

PHASE 1, STATUS

1.

National position

Significant Actions Needed

2.

Nuclear safety

Minor Actions Needed

3.

Management

Significant Actions Needed

4.

Funding and Financing

Minor Actions Needed

5.

Legislative Framework

Minor Actions Needed

6.

Safeguards

No Actions Needed

7.

Regulatory Framework

No Actions Needed

8.

Radiation protection

9.

Electrical Grid

10.

Human resources

11.

Stakeholder involvement

12.

Site and supporting facilities

Minor Actions Needed

13.

Environmental protection

Minor Actions Needed

14.

Emergency planning

Minor Actions Needed

15.

Security

No Actions Needed

16.

Nuclear fuel cycle

No Actions Needed

17.

Radioactive waste

No Actions Needed

18.

Industrial Involvement

Minor Actions Needed

19.

Procurement

Minor Actions Needed

Minor Actions Needed No Actions Needed Minor Actions Needed Significant Actions Needed

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NUCLEAR INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

Act. 17/2007

Pres. Reg. 5/2006

Present Status of Nuclear Energy Dev. Program

2006

2016 - 2021 Source: IAEA NG-G-3.1, 2007

BATAN

• ACT NO. 17 YEAR 2007 ON THE NATIONAL LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2005-2025 YEAR. IV.2.3. In the 3 rd of Long Term Development Plan (2015 - 2019) ... ... ... the first nuclear power plant should be started in the year of 2015-2019 with high consideration of safety factor.

• ACT NO. 30 ON ENERGY CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS: The source of new energy is the energy source that can be generated by a new technology that comes from new energy and renewable energy sources, among other nuclear ... ...

CHAPTER V, ENERGY MANAGEMENT Article 21: (2) The utilization of new energy and renewable energy shall be increased by the Government and local government

ACTION PLAN BATAN

The action plan is developed based on recommendations and suggestions from INIR Mission result for phase 1.

BATAN

ACTION PLAN FOR PHASE 1

The IAEA –INIR mission report notified that infrastructure issues i.e. National Position, Management and Stakeholder involvement need significant actions to be completed : • National Position In September 2010, the Directorate General of New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation – Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources was established. This Directorate General will be expected to create and to coordinate Indonesian NEPIO.

BATAN

ACTION PLAN FOR PHASE 1....

• Management The NEPIO activities will be managed by Directorate General of New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation – Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources.

• Stakeholder Involvement The Public Information and Education program will be performed by Directorate General of New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation – Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources in cooperation with other related institutions. Eventhough Batan has been performing socialisation activities on the use of nuclear energy for peacefull uses through public education and information programs.

BATAN

ACTION PLAN FOR PHASE 1....

In order to survey public perception concerning utilization of NPP in Indonesia, on November 2010, a poll has been conducted for the 3,000 respondents in the district /city areas of Java, Madura and Bali with the result that 59.7% of respondents agreed, 26.1% not agreed and 14.2% abstain.

After Fukushima: National (2011), 3000 respondents: 49.5% agreed, 35.5% not agreed and 15% abstain Bangka Belitung Site (2011), 500 respondents: 35.0% agreed, 31.6% not agreed and 33.4% abstain

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ACTION PLAN FOR PHASE 1....

â&#x20AC;˘Radioactive waste Fully committed to safety, Indonesia has ratified the Joint Convention on the Safety of Spent Fuel Management and the safety of Radioactive Waste Management. (President Regulation No. 84 Year 2010, December 28 2010)

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ACTION PLAN PHASE 2

• Program A: • Responsible Institution: BATAN • Budget: available till 2014 • Scope: Nuclear Safety, Stakeholder Involvement (Socialization Program), Siting, Fuel Cycle, and Radioactive Waste and Environmental Protection.

BATAN

ACTION PLAN PHASE 2 ….

• Program B • Responsible Institution: BAPETEN • Budget: available till 2014 • Scope : Nuclear Safety, Legislative Framework, Regulation Framework, Safeguard, Radiation Protection, Emergency Planning, and Security & Physical Protection.

ACTION PLAN PHASE 2 ….

• Program C

BATAN

• Responsible institutions may include : Directorate General of New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation, Training and Education Agency (Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources), Electricity State Own Company, Ministry of Industry and Ministry of Environmental.

• Budget: to be determined • Scope: National Position, Management, Funding & Financing, Electrical Grid, Human Resources Development, Stakeholder Involvement, Environment Protection, Industrial Involvement and Procurement. This program will be funded through regular annual budget of each related institution

BATAN

SITE STUDY

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Site study Jawa is the most populous island in Indonesia (59% of national population).

Industrial activity is mainly in Jawa.

2 alternative sites for NPP in Jawa are Muria Peninsula (Ujung Lemahabang at Balong village) and Banten (Kramatwatu-Bojonegara).

Muria Peninsula: The people of Balong and its surounding are refusing NPP program and all related activities, while site investigation is not finished yet.

To complete the investigation, it is needed another 5 years.

The activities for Muria site are pending.

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Prefered Site at Ujung Lemahabang in Muria Peninsula

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Site study â&#x20AC;Ś

â&#x20AC;˘ Kramatwatu-Bojonegara potential site in Banten: The site needs further intensive investigation, mainly on volcanolgy and seismotectonics, besides special socialeconomic-and cultural studies due to the dense and heterogeneous population. â&#x20AC;˘ To complete the study at least another 7 years is needed.

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Potential Site at Banten (Kramatwaru-Bojonegara dan Pulo Panjang)

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1.

2.

3.

4.

Site study â&#x20AC;Ś Not too far from Jamali, an alternative potential site is available: Bangka.

Geodinamically, Bangka island is located on Intra Plate, therefore: Far from active volcano (the closest one is Mt. Lumut Balai in Lampung, Âą303 km from Bangka) Low seismics No potential of tsunami hazard (the sea is less than 30m of depth) Low population. The total inhabitant of BangkaBelitung is 1.074.775 To complete the investigation of Bangka site at least 3 years is needed

Geographic Map of Sumatera-Bangka BATAN

Eurasian Plate

Bangk a

Australian Plate

BATAN

Roadmap of NPP Siting Project in Bangka Island

Site Monitoring (Continue) Seismicity, GPS Geodetic, meteorology, environment, oceanography, etc

BATAN

CONCLUDING REMARKS

• Regarding the IAEA Milestone Guideline for Introducing NPP, The present status of the Indonesian Program is entering the Second Phase: “ Project Decision Making”.

• Indonesia is now preparing and carrying out for : continuation of feasibility study, continuation of site selection and evaluation, strengthen the public acceptance and HRD.

BATAN

Thank You for Your Kind Attention