Abnormal psychology 17th edition hooley test bank

Abnormal Psychology 17th Edition Hooley Test Bank Visit to download the full and correct content document: https://testbankdeal.com/dow nload/abnormal-psychology-17th-edition-hooley-test-bank/

Chapter 10 Personality Disorders

Section 1 Test Item File .......................................................................................................................... 451 Multiple-Choice Questions ................................................................................................................. 451 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions ................................................................................................................. 484 Short-Answer Questions ..................................................................................................................... 485 Essay Questions .................................................................................................................................. 489 Section 2 Revel Multiple Choice Assessment Questions ...................................................................... 491 End-of-Module Quiz ........................................................................................................................... 491 End-of-Chapter Quiz ........................................................................................................................... 502

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

449

TOTAL ASSESSMENT GUIDE Topic Learning Objective 10.1

Learning Objective 10.2

Chapter 10 Personality Disorders Multiple Choice Fill in the Blank Short Answer Essay Multiple Choice

10, 11

12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19

13

Short Answer

129

127, 128

23, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 33, 34, 35 120

21, 22

20, 24, 25, 30

130, 131 138 39, 41, 42, 43, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, 60, 67, 73

36, 37, 38, 45, 46, 57, 61, 63

Learning Objective 10.4

Fill in the Blank Short Answer Essay Multiple Choice

Learning Objective 10.5

Fill in the Blank Short Answer Essay Multiple Choice

Learning Objective 10.8

Applied

119

Learning Objective 10.3

Learning Objective 10.7

Conceptual 3, 7

Fill in the Blank Essay Multiple Choice

Learning Objective 10.6

Factual 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 116, 117, 118 126

Fill in the Blank Short Answer Essay Multiple Choice Fill in the Blank Short Answer Essay Multiple Choice Fill in the Blank Short Answer Essay Multiple Choice Fill in the Blank Short Answer Essay

40, 44, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 62, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72 121 132, 133, 134 139 75, 77, 80, 83, 87, 88, 90, 93 122

135 140 74, 78, 81, 85, 86, 92, 94

76, 79, 82, 84, 89, 91

136 95, 96 123

97

100, 102 124

98, 99

101

105, 106, 108, 109, 112, 113, 115 125

103, 104, 114

107, 110, 111

141

137 142

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

450

Chapter 10 Personality Disorders

Section 1 Test Item File Multiple-Choice Questions 1.

There is a general agreement among researchers that personality ________ a. is mainly learned. b. can be characterized by five basic trait dimensions. c. has an infinite number of possible trait dimensions. d. is mainly genetic.

Answer: b. can be characterized by five basic trait dimensions.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 342 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

2.

Individuals with personality disorders ________ a. comply with societal expectations. b. reject societal expectations. c. are unable to function adequately in society. d. have a strong sense of self.

Answer: c. are unable to function adequately in society.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 342 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

3.

Unlike disorders such as depression and PTSD, ________ a. personality disorders develop gradually. b. multiple causal events can be identified when a personality disorder has developed. c. those with personality disorders experience considerable subjective distress. d. personality disorders are emotional disorders.

Answer: a. personality disorders develop gradually.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 343 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

451

4.

Which statement about personality disorders is accurate? a. The category is broad and encompasses behavioral problems that vary widely in form and severity. b. Personality disorders are considered situation-specific problems in behaving. c. Most personality disorders are extreme reactions to stressful life events. d. Even the milder cases of personality disorder produce severe impairments in social and occupational functioning.

Answer: a. The category is broad and encompasses behavioral problems that vary widely in form and severity.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 343 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

5.

Which of the following is one of the criteria for a personality disorder diagnosis? a. The patient’s behavior must reflect a lack of impulse control. b. The patient must experience mild irritability. c. Signs of psychosis must be present. d. The person’s behavior problems must cause them distress or impairment.

Answer: d. The person’s behavior problems must cause them distress or impairment.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 342-343 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

6.

The “clusters” of personality disorders found in the DSM-5 are grouped based on ________ a. similar etiologies. b. level of dysfunction. c. symptom or feature similarities. d. expected prognosis.

Answer: c. symptom or feature similarities.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 343 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

7.

What do all of the Cluster A disorders have in common? a. Lack of emotional expression b. Oddness or eccentricity c. Clear link to schizophrenia d. Trust in other people

Answer: b. Oddness or eccentricity Difficulty: 1 Page: 343 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

452

8.

Which of the following is a Cluster B personality disorder? a. Depressive b. Schizoid c. Paranoid d. Borderline

Answer: d. Borderline Difficulty: 1 Page: 343 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

9.

Individuals who seem odd and eccentric to others may have personality disorders from ________ a. Cluster A. b. Cluster B. c. Cluster C. d. diagnostic categories that are not yet established.

Answer: a. Cluster A. Difficulty: 1 Page: 343 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

10. Personality disorders can be misdiagnosed more easily than other categories of disorder in part because ________ a. criteria are not as sharply defined. b. many people with personality disorder are inclined to file lawsuits. c. conduct disorders are hidden by family members and employers. d. maladaptive behavioral patterns are common in the general population.

Answer: a. criteria are not as sharply defined.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 345 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

11. Which of the following is one of the facets of the personality trait of neuroticism? a. Assertiveness b. Excitement seeking c. Impulsivity d. Activity Answer: c. Impulsivity Difficulty: 1 Page: 345 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

453

12. The behavioral patterns of individuals with personality disorders ________ a. tend to fluctuate over time. b. tend to normalize with experience as an individual matures. c. are thought to be relatively consistent over time, with little adaptation to new kinds of experiences. d. are remarkable in their tendency to shift dramatically from one kind of disorder to another.

Answer: c. are thought to be relatively consistent over time, with little adaptation to new kinds of experiences.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 345 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

13. People find Adam difficult to be around. His behavior is unpredictable and erratic but most often is annoying to others. He doesn’t seem to learn from his bad experiences, instead he keeps repeating the same mistakes over and over. His family says Adam has been like this since at least junior high school. Adam most likely has ________ a. a mood disorder. b. an anxiety disorder. c. a dissociative disorder. d. a personality disorder.

Answer: d. a personality disorder.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 345 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

14. Within a dimensional approach, disordered personality traits are seen as ________ normal personality traits. a. identical to b. pathological extremes of c. the opposite of d. irrelevant to Answer: b. pathological extremes of Difficulty: 1 Page: 345 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

15. Since there are substantial problems with reliability and validity of the diagnoses of personality disorders, ________ a. they are rarely used in clinical practice. b. it is less likely that research on a disorder will be able to be replicated by other researchers. c. they are considered by clinicians only as suggestions and do not have an impact on treatment decisions. d. very little research or search for treatments is done.

Answer: b. it is less likely that research on a disorder will be able to be replicated by other researchers.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 345 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

454

16. The five-factor model is a ________ a. model of normal personality that includes an expanded description of the five basic personality dimensions. b. model that attempts to explain personality disorders by dividing them into five main categories. c. model that explains the causes of personality disorders by describing the five most important factors that lead to their development. d. five-step model for the treatment of personality disorders.

Answer: a. model of normal personality that includes an expanded description of the five basic personality dimensions.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 346 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

17. Which of the following is a factor that complicates determining the causes of personality disorders? a. The high likelihood that an individual with one personality disorder may also have another b. The availability of only prospective data c. The wealth of biological data available d. The inability to gather information from the patients themselves, due to the prevalence of memory disorders among those with personality disorders Answer: a. The high likelihood that an individual with one personality disorder may also have another Difficulty: 2 Page: 346 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

18. The finding that temperament may play a role in the etiology of personality disorders suggests that ________ a. all personality disorders have a biological basis. b. learning plays a significant role in the development of personality disorders. c. the environment does not play a causal role in the development of mood disorders. d. a susceptibility to the development of a personality disorder may be inherited.

Answer: d. a susceptibility to the development of a personality disorder may be inherited.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 347-348 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

19. The best description of the biological component of personality disorders is ________ a. they are directly inherited disorders. b. they have no biological component, they are learned. c. personality traits are inherited that predispose a person to developing a personality disorder. d. people inherit the trait of anxiety, which underlies all of the personality disorders and predisposes people to developing a personality disorder.

Answer: c. personality traits are inherited that predispose a person to developing a personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 348 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

455

20. Helen is suspicious and doubts the loyalty of even her friends. She is unwilling to forgive perceived insults and never forgets a grudge. She is most likely to be diagnosed with ________ personality disorder. a. paranoid b. histrionic c. schizoid d. schizotypal Answer: a. paranoid Difficulty: 1 Page: 348 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

21. The best single-word description for the person with paranoid personality disorder is ________ a. delusional. b. impulsive. c. unemotional. d. mistrustful.

Answer: d. mistrustful.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 349 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

22. Unlike the person with paranoid schizophrenia, the person with paranoid personality disorder ________ a. becomes delusional in response to an actual betrayal or hurtful incident with another person. b. has persistent loss of reality contact. c. tends to confide in others and assume the loyalty of his or her friends. d. is in contact with reality, although he or she may have transient psychotic symptoms.

Answer: d. is in contact with reality, although he or she may have transient psychotic symptoms.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 349 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

23. Which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in the development of paranoid personality disorder? a. Introversion and openness to feelings b. Excitement seeking and neuroticism c. Antagonism and neuroticism d. Fantasy proneness and tough mindedness Answer: c. Antagonism and neuroticism Difficulty: 2 Page: 349 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

456

24. Sam shows little emotion and is a loner. He has no social relationships, other than his family, and he seems to experience little pleasure, if any. What personality disorder might Sam have? a. Paranoid b. Schizoid c. Borderline d. Narcissistic Answer: b. Schizoid Difficulty: 1 Page: 349 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

25. Greg has been diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder. Knowing this, which of the following jobs would he be most likely to enjoy? a. Night security guard who works alone b. Receptionist at a busy dentist’s office c. Insurance inspector who uncovers clues that criminal behavior has occurred d. Elementary school teacher who works with children who have emotional problems Answer: a. Night security guard who works alone Difficulty: 2 Page: 350 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

26. The central problem of schizoid personality disorder is ________ a. recurrent depression. b. a marked disregard for the feelings of others. c. cognitive and perceptual distortions. d. an inability to form attachments to other people.

Answer: d. an inability to form attachments to other people.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 350 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

27. Which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in the development of schizoid personality disorder? a. Low agreeableness and high antagonism b. High introversion and low openness to feelings c. High introversion and low agreeableness d. Low excitement seeking and high fantasy proneness Answer: b. High introversion and low openness to feelings Difficulty: 2 Page: 350 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

457

28. Individuals with schizoid and paranoid personality disorders differ significantly in their ________ a. ability to function. b. display of psychotic symptoms. c. level of emotionality. d. likelihood of recovery.

Answer: c. level of emotionality.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 350 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

29. A cognitive explanation for schizoid personality disorder proposes that the individual with this disorder believes that ________ a. he is basically alone. b. few people can be trusted. c. no one can live up to his or her expectations. d. he is misunderstood.

Answer: a. he is basically alone.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 351 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

30. Tom tells you that he can make his roommate take out the trash by simply thinking about his roommate doing it. He agrees with you that this could sometimes just be a coincidence, but he seems to truly believe he can sometimes get people to do things just by thinking about it. You find him understandable when he talks, but sometimes hard to follow. His clothes are messy and don’t match. Tom tells you not to tell anyone about his power, because he knows that other people don’t like him because they are jealous and they would hurt him if they could. The best diagnosis for Tom is ________ a. borderline personality disorder. b. paranoid personality disorder. c. schizotypal personality disorder. d. schizoid personality disorder.

Answer: c. schizotypal personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 351 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

458

31. Which of the following personality disorders is most likely to be mistaken for schizophrenia? a. Avoidant b. Borderline c. Schizoid d. Schizotypal Answer: d. Schizotypal Difficulty: 1 Page: 351 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

32. While the individual with ________ personality disorder appears cool and aloof, the individual with ________ personality disorder is best described as odd. a. avoidant; schizotypal b. schizoid; schizotypal c. schizoid; avoidant d. schizotypal; avoidant Answer: b. schizoid; schizotypal Difficulty: 2 Page: 352 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

33. Thought and speech oddities comparable to those seen in schizophrenia have been documented in ________ personality disorder. a. paranoid b. schizoid c. schizotypal d. borderline Answer: c. schizotypal Difficulty: 1 Page: 351 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

34. Schizophrenic disorders seem to be most strongly linked genetically to ________ personality disorder. a. schizoid b. schizotypal c. avoidant d. paranoid Answer: b. schizotypal Difficulty: 1 Page: 351 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

459

35. Transient psychotic symptoms are seen in which of the following personality disorders? a. Paranoid and schizoid b. Schizotypal and schizoid c. Schizoid and antisocial d. Paranoid and schizotypal Answer: d. Paranoid and schizotypal Difficulty: 2 Page: 349, 351 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

36. Lori is vain and self-centered. When she goes out, it is not at all uncommon for her to do things that ensure she is the center of attention. Her close friends describe her as a “drama queen.” Assuming that her behavior is sufficient to warrant a diagnosis, which of the following personality disorders is she most likely to be diagnosed with? a. Antisocial b. Borderline c. Histrionic d. Narcissistic Answer: c. Histrionic Difficulty: 2 Page: 352-353 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

37. Luisa is a lively and emotional graduate student. She dresses provocatively and behaves in a very seductive manner with her male professors. She has had a long string of short-lived, stormy romances. Luisa is most likely to have a diagnosis of ________ a. histrionic personality disorder. b. narcissistic personality disorder. c. dependent personality disorder. d. passive-aggressive personality disorder.

Answer: a. histrionic personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 352-353 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

460

38. Like many individuals with personality disorders, individuals with histrionic personality disorder are rarely able to maintain relationships over time. Why? a. Their extreme distrust makes lasting relationships impossible. b. Their self-reliance leads them to feel that they do not need anyone else. c. Their exaggerated sense of self-importance is generally off-putting. d. Their need for attention and manipulation is likely to drive others away.

Answer: d. Their need for attention and manipulation is likely to drive others away.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 352 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

39. Histrionic personality disorder is most likely to be diagnosed in people who ________ a. are emotionally unexpressive and prefer living alone. b. later develop schizophrenic symptoms. c. are attention-seeking and overly emotional. d. depend on others because they do not feel competent.

Answer: c. are attention-seeking and overly emotional.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 353 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

40. Which personality disorder may be disproportionally diagnosed in only one gender, based on the influence of some form of sex bias? a. Schizoid b. Histrionic c. Narcissistic d. Dependent Answer: b. Histrionic Difficulty: 2 Page: 353 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

41. Which personality disorder is highly comorbid with borderline, antisocial, narcissistic, and dependent personality disorders diagnoses, and was recommended for removal from DSM-5? a. Histrionic b. Schizoid c. Paranoid d. Avoidant Answer: a. Histrionic Difficulty: 1 Page: 353 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

461

42. Which of the following is most typical of the interpersonal attitudes and behaviors of someone with histrionic personality disorder? a. Vacillation between over-idealization and bitter disappointment b. Excessive trust and dependence on others’ opinions c. Cruel and callous exploitation of others for personal gain d. Repeated manipulation of others to gain attention Answer: d. Repeated manipulation of others to gain attention Difficulty: 1 Page: 352-353 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

43. Which of the following core dysfunctional beliefs might explain the development of histrionic personality disorder? a. “I need a man to define me.” b. “I am the only one I can trust.” c. “I am completely helpless.” d. “If I am not fun, they will abandon me.”

Answer: d. “If I am not fun, they will abandon me.”

Difficulty: 2 Page: 354 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

44. Which of the following traits associated with histrionic personality disorder are more common in men than in women? a. Vanity and seductiveness b. Over-concern with physical appearance c. High excitement seeking and low self-consciousness d. Self-dramatization and exaggerated expression of emotion Answer: c. High excitement seeking and low self-consciousness Difficulty: 2 Page: 353 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

462

45. Hope believes that she is the “star” of her graduate class and that the other students dislike her because they are jealous of her superior intelligence. She believes that she is entitled to be exempted from an important exam because of her outstanding performance in class. Hope probably suffers from ________ a. histrionic personality disorder. b. narcissistic personality disorder. c. dependent personality disorder. d. schizoid personality disorder.

Answer: b. narcissistic personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 354 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

46. Which of the following distinguishes narcissistic personality disorder from the other Cluster B disorders? a. Emotionality b. Grandiosity c. Impulsivity d. Vanity Answer: b. Grandiosity Difficulty: 2 Page: 354 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

47. Some people always think that everyone is looking at them and talking about them, wishing to be like them. This self-focused view of the world would be expected in someone with ________ personality disorder. a. borderline b. histrionic c. narcissistic d. paranoid Answer: c. narcissistic Difficulty: 1 Page: 354 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

463

48. What are the two subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder? a. Histrionic and paranoid b. Antisocial and prosocial c. Avoidant and dependent. d. Grandiose and vulnerable.

Answer: d. They think they are nearly perfect and in no need of change.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 355 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

49. The histrionic seeks ________, while the narcissist needs ________. a. attention; admiration b. acceptance; admiration c. admiration; attention d. acceptance; approval Answer: a. attention; admiration Difficulty: 1 Page: 353-355 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

50. Parental overvaluation is associated with which personality disorder? a. Antisocial b. Borderline c. Histrionic d. Narcissistic Answer: d. Narcissistic Difficulty: 2 Page: 355 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

51. At a young age, children are not able to understand that the world that others experience is different from their own. Children also tend to overestimate their own abilities. A failure to outgrow these youthful characteristics might explain the development of ________ personality disorder. a. antisocial b. borderline c. histrionic d. narcissistic Answer: d. narcissistic Difficulty: 2 Page: 355 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

464

52. Early criminal behavior is most characteristic of ________ a. antisocial personality disorder. b. borderline personality disorder. c. schizoid personality disorder. d. schizotypal personality disorder.

Answer: a. antisocial personality disorder.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 356 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

53. ________ personality disorder is much more common in men than women and involves the exploitation of others without remorse. a. Antisocial b. Histrionic c. Borderline d. Paranoid Answer: a. Antisocial Difficulty: 1 Page: 356 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

54. Which of the following is most typical of the interpersonal attitudes and behaviors of someone with antisocial personality disorder? a. Vacillation between overidealization and bitter disappointment b. Excessive trust and dependence on others’ opinions c. Irritable and aggressive pattern of irresponsible behavior d. Repeated manipulation of others to gain attention Answer: c. Irritable and aggressive pattern of irresponsible behavior Difficulty: 1 Page: 356 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

55. Children with an early history of ________ are most likely to later develop antisocial personality disorder. a. attention-deficit disorder b. attachment disorder c. oppositional defiant disorder d. depression Answer: c. oppositional defiant disorder Difficulty: 1 Page: 358 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

465

56. Antisocial personality disorder differs from the other Cluster B disorders in that ________ a. a lack of concern for the feelings of others is not displayed. b. a need for approval or attention is not displayed. c. symptoms are only present after age 15. d. it is seen equally on men and women.

Answer: b. a need for approval or attention is not displayed.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 356 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

57. Henry was a charming middle-aged man who came to the attention of authorities on bigamy charges. He had a long history of courting and supposedly marrying elderly widows, then absconding with their money. His diagnosis is most likely ________ a. narcissistic personality disorder. b. borderline personality disorder. c. histrionic personality disorder. d. antisocial personality disorder.

Answer: d. antisocial personality disorder.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 356 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

58. What “border” did the term “borderline” in borderline personality refer to? a. The border between mood and anxiety disorders b. People with borderline personality disorder were thought to be on the brink of psychosis, on the border between sanity and insanity. c. Because people with borderline personality disorder behave normally much of the time, they were thought to only be on the edge of mental illness. d. The term was originally used to describe a condition on the “border” between neurotic and psychotic disorders.

Answer: d. The term was originally used to describe a condition on the “border” between neurotic and psychotic disorders.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 359 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

466

59. Impulsivity and extreme instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood best characterize ________ a. histrionic personality disorder. b. antisocial personality disorder. c. avoidant personality disorder. d. borderline personality disorder.

Answer: d. borderline personality disorder.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 361 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

60. Which of the following is most typical of the interpersonal attitudes and behaviors of someone with borderline personality disorder? a. Vacillation between over-idealization and bitter disappointment b. Excessive trust and dependence on others’ opinions c. Cruel and callous exploitation of others for personal gain d. Repeated manipulation of others to gain attention Answer: a. Vacillation between over-idealization and bitter disappointment Difficulty: 1 Page: 360 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

61. Loretta has a long history of first idealizing men and then feeling they have abandoned her. Feelings of emptiness change into reckless acts of sexual promiscuity, gambling, and suicide attempts. She feels that she has never had a sense of self. Loretta probably has ________ personality disorder. a. narcissistic b. histrionic c. dependent d. borderline Answer: d. borderline Difficulty: 1 Page: 360 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

467

62. Self-mutilation, such as is seen in borderline personality disorder, is ________ a. a form of suicidal behavior. b. a form of self-punishment. c. done to reduce depression. d. associated with an increase in anxiety and depression.

Answer: b. a form of self-punishment.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 360 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

63. Glenna believed that Sam loved her and that she could not live without him. When he told her he did not want to see her again, she became violently angry and manipulated him into staying with her by threatening suicide. Which of the following personality disorder does Glenna’s behavior suggest she might have? a. Narcissistic b. Histrionic c. Dependent d. Borderline Answer: d. Borderline Difficulty: 1 Page: 360 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

64. Transient psychotic and dissociative experiences can occur in ________ personality disorder. a. borderline b. antisocial c. narcissistic d. obsessive-compulsive Answer: a. borderline Difficulty: 1 Page: 361 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

65. Which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in the development of borderline personality disorder? a. High extraversion and low fantasy proneness b. High impulsivity and affective instability c. High antagonism and low neuroticism d. High agreeableness and low excitement seeking Answer: b. High impulsivity and affective instability Difficulty: 2 Page: 362 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

468

66. Neuroimaging studies suggest that ________ personality disorder is associated with increased amygdala activation in emotion-inducing situations. a. antisocial b. narcissistic c. schizoid d. borderline Answer: d. the central role of sexuality is not present.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 363 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

67. Which indicator of borderline personality disorder can also occur in people without the disorder. a. Markedly and persistently unstable self-image b. A pattern of unstable relationships that alternate between extremes of idealization and devaluation c. Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior d. Intense episodic dysphoria, irritability, or anxiety.

Answer: c. Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior Difficulty: 2 Page: 361 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

68. According to Paris (2007), a key causal factor in borderline personality disorder seems to be ________ a. inconsistent or highly punitive discipline in childhood. b. impulsivity and affective instability interacting with such factors as trauma or loss. c. a negative attributional style. d. an inability to empathize with other people.

Answer: b. impulsivity and affective instability interacting with such factors as trauma or loss.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 363 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

469

69. A significant portion of the individuals with borderline personality disorder also qualify for a diagnosis of ________ at some time. a. antisocial personality disorder b. schizophrenia c. a mood disorder d. histrionic personality disorder Answer: c. a mood disorder Difficulty: 1 Page: 362 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

70. In which of the following disorders is a comorbid diagnosis of depression most commonly seen? a. Antisocial personality disorder b. Obsessive compulsive personality disorder c. Borderline personality disorder d. Histrionic personality disorder Answer: c. Borderline personality disorder Difficulty: 2 Page: 362 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

71. According to Paris’ multidimensional theory of borderline personality disorder (BPD), people with high levels of impulsivity and affective instability ________ a. are likely to develop BPD in response to even minor stressors. b. are likely to develop BPD if they are exposed to trauma. c. come mainly from intact homes and are unlikely to develop BPD. d. come to enjoy acting out.

Answer: b. are likely to develop BPD if they are exposed to trauma.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 363 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

470

72. The research on the association between borderline personality disorder and childhood sexual abuse ________ a. proves child sexual abuse is the leading cause of borderline personality disorder. b. are problematic—the abuse most likely is occurring with other factors that might be more important. c. has shown that the reports of sexual abuse were mostly false reports. d. suggests that some genetic component underlies both the disorder in the child and the parents’ tendency to abuse.

Answer: b. are problematic—the abuse most likely is occurring with other factors that might be more important.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 363 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

73. Who is most likely to develop antisocial personality disorder? a. A child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder b. A child with oppositional defiant disorder c. A child with conduct disorder d. A child with conduct disorder and either ADHD or oppositional defiant disorder Answer: d. a child with conduct disorder and either ADHD or oppositional defiant disorder Difficulty: 1 Page: 358 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

74. The individual with avoidant personality disorder behaves most similarly to someone with ________ personality disorder. a. antisocial b. borderline c. schizoid d. schizotypal Answer: c. schizoid Difficulty: 2 Page: 364 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

471

75. The individual with avoidant personality disorder is unlikely to develop lasting relationships as a result of his or her ________ a. callousness. b. fear of rejection. c. desire to control others. d. lack of interest.

Answer: b. fear of rejection.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 364 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

76. Stu has no friends except his brother. He would desperately love to date women but is certain no woman would be interested in him. He tried a dating service but was convinced that the secretary was trying to get rid of him because he was such a poor candidate. The most likely diagnosis for Stu is ________ a. avoidant personality disorder. b. schizoid personality disorder. c. paranoid personality disorder. d. schizotypal personality disorder.

Answer: a. avoidant personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 365 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

77. Helena has avoidant personality disorder. She is likely to ________ a. engage in a series of intense, unstable relationships. b. have no interest in social relationships. c. avoid achievement situations where she might fail. d. be hypersensitive to any sign of criticism or rejection.

Answer: d. be hypersensitive to any sign of criticism or rejection.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 364 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

78. In contrast to schizoid individuals, those with avoidant personality disorder ________ a. are emotional and dramatic. b. are impulsive and self-destructive. c. are extremely upset by their lack of social relationships. d. are exploitive rather than compliant.

Answer: c. are extremely upset by their lack of social relationships.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 364 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

472

79. Sharon says, “I would love to be in an intimate relationship. My life is terribly boring and lonely.

But I am extremely shy and I would fall apart if any man criticized me in the slightest.” This description best matches the symptoms of ________ personality disorder. a. antisocial b. dependent c. avoidant d. borderline Answer: c. avoidant Difficulty: 1 Page: 365 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

80. Which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in the development of avoidant personality disorder? a. High extraversion and low openness to feelings b. High introversion and high neuroticism c. High antagonism and low neuroticism d. High agreeableness and high angry hostility Answer: b. High introversion and high neuroticism Difficulty: 2 Page: 365 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

81. Avoidant personality disorder is extremely similar to and hard to distinguish from ________ a. generalized social phobia. b. schizoid personality disorder. c. generalized anxiety disorder. d. paranoid personality disorder.

Answer: a. generalized social phobia.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 364-365 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

473

82. Emily calls her husband every day at work to ask him what she should make for dinner. She spends her days at her mother’s, because Emily worries that something will go wrong in her own home that she won’t be able to handle. Even though she paints and draws well, Emily has never tried to take a class or use her talent, because she says she knows she really isn’t good enough. Emily’s most likely diagnosis is ________ a. borderline personality disorder. b. dependent personality disorder. c. schizoid personality disorder. d. paranoid personality disorder.

Answer: b. dependent personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 365 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

83. Involvement in an abusive relationship (as the one who is abused) would be most expected of the individual with ________ personality disorder. a. antisocial b. borderline c. dependent d. schizotypal Answer: c. dependent Difficulty: 1 Page: 365 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

84. Hattie has a dependent personality disorder. This means that she ________ a. experiences little distress in her life. b. has difficulty in initiating relationships. c. has acute discomfort when she is alone. d. prefers being alone rather than being with people who might criticize her.

Answer: c. has acute discomfort when she is alone.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 365 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

474

85. People who lack self-confidence despite good skills, who panic at the possibility of being separated from their spouse, and remain in abusive relationships have many of the symptoms of ________ personality disorder. a. histrionic b. dependent c. avoidant d. narcissistic Answer: b. dependent Difficulty: 1 Page: 366 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

86. The fear of abandonment is seen in both borderline and dependent personality disorder. What is the key difference is the individual’s reaction to that fear? a. The person with borderline personality disorder gets depressed, and the person with dependent personality disorder gets angry. b. The person with borderline personality disorder gets angry, and the person with dependent personality disorder becomes submissive. c. The person with borderline personality disorder goes to other people for a replacement, and the person with dependent personality disorder stays alone and sad. d. The person with borderline personality disorder tries to resolve the issues rationally, and the person with dependent personality disorder is afraid to seek out new relationships.

Answer: b. The person with borderline personality disorder gets angry, and the person with dependent personality disorder becomes submissive.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 366 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

87. Which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in the development of dependent personality disorder? a. High neuroticism and high agreeableness b. High introversion and low conscientiousness c. High fantasy proneness and low neuroticism d. High excitement seeking and low openness to feelings Answer: a. High neuroticism and high agreeableness Difficulty: 2 Page: 366 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

475

88. What core belief might explain the behavior of the individual with dependent personality disorder? a. “I am helpless.” b. “I don’t know who I am without you.” c. “Unless I make people laugh, they will not like me.” d. “Others exist to benefit me.”

Answer: a. “I am helpless.”

Difficulty: 1 Page: 366 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

89. John has a great need for order and perfectionism. He can’t leave the house until every hair is in place, and he has been known to iron the same shirt over and over to ensure that he is wrinkle-free.

What personality disorder does John’s behavior suggest? a. Avoidant b. Dependent c. Obsessive-compulsive d. Narcissistic Answer: c. Obsessive-compulsive Difficulty: 1 Page: 367 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

90. The individual with ________ personality disorder is likely to be described as rigid and cold. a. borderline b. histrionic c. obsessive-compulsive d. dependent Answer: c obsessive-compulsive Difficulty: 1 Page: 367 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

91. Harold is perfectionistic and extremely concerned with maintaining a set routine. He probably suffers from ________ personality disorder. a. schizoid b. obsessive-compulsive c. dependent d. avoidant Answer: b. obsessive-compulsive Difficulty: 1 Page: 367 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

476

92. What is the main difference between Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)? a. People with OCD are more perfectionistic than people with OCPD. b. People with OCPD are less conscientious about their rituals than people with OCD. c. People with OCPD do not have true obsessions or compulsions like people with OCD have. d. People with OCD can do a compulsion once and feel better, people with OCPD never feel better no matter how many times they do them.

Answer: c. People with OCPD do not have true obsessions or compulsions like people with OCD have.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 367 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

93. Which basic personality traits from the five-factor model seem most important in the development of obsessive compulsive personality disorder? a. High conscientiousness and low compliance b. High extraversion and high openness to feelings c. High excitement seeking and low openness to feelings d. High fantasy proneness and high agreeableness Answer: a. High conscientiousness and low compliance Difficulty: 2 Page: 368 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

94. Why does the person with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder have problems in interpersonal relationships? a. They have no interest in having relationships. b. They have no time for relationships due to excessive devotion to work. c. They are too emotionally expressive. d. Their manipulative behavior tends to destroy relationships.

Answer: b. They have no time for relationships due to excessive devotion to work.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 368 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

477

95. According to the chapter, which of the following statements is correct? a. There is more variance for personality disorders across cultures than within cultures. b. There is more variance for personality disorders within cultures than between cultures. c. There is no difference in variance for personality disorders across cultures and within cultures. d. Personality disorders do not occur in cultures other than the United States.

Answer: b. There is more variance for personality disorders within cultures than between cultures.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 368 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.6: Explain the role that sociocultural factors might play in the prevalence of personality disorders.

96. Which of the following personality disorders is more common in Western cultures? a. Narcissistic. b. Dependent. c. Anti-Social d. Schizoid.

Answer: a. Narcissistic.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 368 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.6: Explain the role that sociocultural factors might play in the prevalence of personality disorders.

97. Paris (2001, 2007) has suggested that the ________ may be responsible for the increase in emotional dysregulation and impulsive behavior that has been increasing since World War II. a. increase in illicit drugs in the U.S. b. unstable unemployment rates c. changes in nutritional needs and diet d. increased breakdown of the family unit Answer: d. increased breakdown of the family unit Difficulty: 1 Page: 369 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.6: Explain the role that sociocultural factors might play in the prevalence of personality disorders.

98. Which of the following best explains why it is such a challenge to treat personality disorders? a. They develop early in life. b. The diagnostic criteria for these disorders is highly subjective. c. Comorbid diagnoses are the norm, not the exception. d. By definition, they are enduring patterns of thought and behavior.

Answer: d. By definition, they are enduring patterns of thought and behavior.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 369 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.7: Discuss the challenges associated with treating personality disorders and summarize the approaches that are used.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

478

99. Which of the following statements is not true of treating personality disorders? a. Individuals with personality disorders from Clusters A and B are more difficult to treat because of their interpersonal difficulties and reluctance to enter therapy. b. Treatment for individuals with dependent personality disorder ought to be altered so that excessive dependency is not fostered. c. People with personality disorders have trouble establishing good therapeutic relationships with their therapist. d. People with both a personality disorder diagnosis and another type of disorder are easier to treat than people with just a personality disorder because they have more distress.

Answer: d. People with both a personality disorder diagnosis and another type of disorder are easier to treat than people with just a personality disorder because they have more distress.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 369 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.7: Discuss the challenges associated with treating personality disorders and summarize the approaches that are used.

100. Why is the use of antidepressants for borderline personality disorder controversial? a. Patients with BPD are never depressed. b. SSRIs have never been used on patients with BPD so their effect is unknown. c. There is no compelling evidence that they are effective unless patients have a comorbid mood disorder d. Antidepressants cause severe side effects in patients with BPD or ASPD, Answer: c. There is no compelling evidence that they are effective unless patients have a comorbid mood disorder Difficulty: 2 Page: 371 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.7: Discuss the challenges associated with treating personality disorders and summarize the approaches that are used.

101. Donna has borderline personality disorder. She is in therapy, but progress is slow. One problem is that some days she thinks her therapist is the most wonderful person in the world. On other days, she thinks he is worthless and untrustworthy. This type of thinking is called ________ a. dialectical. b. splitting. c. entitlement. d. psychopathological.

Answer: b. splitting.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 370 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.7: Discuss the challenges associated with treating personality disorders and summarize the approaches that are used.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

479

102. Dialectical behavior therapy is ________ a. a promising, problem-focused treatment for borderline personality disorder. b. a long-term therapy for borderline personality disorder that focuses on personality change. c. an old, long-term therapy for borderline personality disorder that has been found to be ineffective. d. a short-term therapy for borderline personality disorder that involves medication and brief hospitalization.

Answer: a. a promising, problem-focused treatment for borderline personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 370 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.7: Discuss the challenges associated with treating personality disorders and summarize the approaches that are used.

103. Which of the following is a part of the clinical picture in antisocial personality and psychopathy? a. Careful planning of future activities that will help their families. b. Using charm to make a strong first impression. c. Strong feelings of remorse after wronging others. d. A total lack of desire to maintain friendships with others.

Answer: b. Using charm to make a strong first impression.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 372 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

104. Which of the following is true about the connection between psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder? a. Psychopathy is another name for antisocial personality disorder. b. While there is overlap, ASPD is broader and psychopathy is more narrowly defined. c. Psychopathy is a less severe form of antisocial personality disorder. d. Psychopathy is a more easily treated form of antisocial personality disorder.

Answer: b. While there is overlap, ASPD is broader and psychopathy is more narrowly defined.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 372 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

105. Antisocial personality disorder differs from psychopathy in that antisocial personality disorder ________ a. is an older diagnosis. b. focuses more on personality characteristics. c. focuses more on criminality. d. is a less severe and more treatable form of the disorder.

Answer: c. focuses more on criminality.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 372 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

480

106. The presence of psychopathy ________ a. is the single best predictor of future violence and crime recidivism. b. means that a person also has antisocial personality disorder. c. means a person is less likely to be violent and to repeat crimes. d. is the single best predictor that treatment will be successful.

Answer: a. is the single best predictor of future violence and crime recidivism.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 373 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

107. An employee evaluation states: “He takes what he wants rather than earns it. He hates routine and boredom more than anything else. Thrill-seeking and impulsive actions have gotten him fired from this job. It will get him fired at many others.” What kind of disorder does the employee illustrate? a. Histrionic personality disorder b. Psychopathy c. Borderline personality disorder d. Substance abuse Answer: b. Psychopathy Difficulty: 1 Page: 373 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

108. Twins studies show that between 43 and 56 percent of the variance in the dimensions of psychopathy can be attributed to ________ a. being a twin. b. genetic factors. c. shared environmental influences. d. nonshared environmental influences.

Answer: b. genetic factors.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 376 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

109. In research studies, in addition to failing to learn to avoid punishment, psychopaths ________ a. did not cognitively understand the connection between a behavior and its consequence. b. felt a great deal of anticipatory anxiety about punishment, leading to impulsive behaviors. c. did not show normal fear-potentiated startle responses. d. showed larger than normal fear-potentiatedstartle responses.

Answer: c. did not show normal fear-potentiated startle responses.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 378 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

481

110. Carl has psychopathy. You would expect him to ________ a. be very concerned about possible punishment and to try to avoid it as much as possible. b. be very interested in rewards and to continue his behavior even when the rewards don’t come as often as they did previously. c. only be interested in rewards occasionally and change his behavior quickly if rewards don’t come as often as they did previously. d. be equally interested in rewards and punishments and do his best to get the first and avoid the second.

Answer: b. be very interested in rewards and to continue his behavior even when the rewards don’t come as often as they did previously.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 377 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

111. Which type of child is most likely to show the personality traits of a psychopath as an adult? a. One who has fearlessness, low anxiety, and high callousness b. One who has high fear and high callousness c. One who has trouble regulating emotions and high levels of emotional reactivity, including aggression d. One who has high depression, high anxiety, and is quick to anger Answer: a. One who has fearlessness, low anxiety, and high callousness Difficulty: 2 Page: 379 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

112. Which of the following seems to have the most impact in decreasing criminal activities among people with psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder? a. Cognitive behavioral treatment b. Medication c. Growing older d. Nothing has any impact Answer: c. Growing older Difficulty: 2 Page: 380 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

482

113. Which of the following is a common component of cognitive behavioral treatments for antisocial personality? a. Punishment b. Relaxation c. Self-critical thinking d. Response-prevention training Answer: c. Self-critical thinking Difficulty: 2 Page: 380 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

114. One criticism of the DSM-5 is that the features of antisocial personality disorder do not fully map onto the construct of psychopathy. Some researchers are concerned that ________ a. the psychopathy diagnosis was made reliable at the expense of the validity of the ASPD diagnosis. b. the psychopathy diagnosis was made reliable at the expense of the validity of the ASPD diagnosis. c. the ASPD diagnosis was made valid at the expense of the reliability of the psychopathy diagnosis. d. the ASPD diagnosis was made reliable at the expense of the validity of the psychopathy diagnosis.

Answer: d. the ASPD diagnosis was made reliable at the expense of the validity of the psychopathy diagnosis.

Difficulty: 3 Page: 372 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

115. As a corporate work colleague’s psychopathy scores increase, so too does his/her ________ a. ratings of being angry and disrespectful. b. ratings of being a good communicator and strategic thinker. c. potential for workplace violence. d. probability of being married.

Answer: b. ratings of being a good communicator and strategic thinker.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 375 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

483

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions 116. Cluster __________ personality disorders include schizoid and schizotypal personality disorders.

Answer: A Difficulty: 1 Page: 343 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

117. Cluster __________ personality disorders include histrionic and borderline personality disorders.

Answer: B Difficulty: 1 Page: 343 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

118. Cluster __________ Personality disorders include avoidant and dependent personality disorders.

Answer: C Difficulty: 1 Page: 343 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

119. The __________-factor model has been the most influential in integrating research on personality disorders.

Answer: five Difficulty: 1 Page: 345 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

120. People with __________ are usually unable to form social relationships and have little interest in them.

Answer: schizoid personality disorder Difficulty: 1 Page: 350 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

121. People with __________ have excessive attention-seeking behaviors.

Answer: histrionic personality disorder Difficulty: 1 Page: 352 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

484

122. People with __________ show extreme social inhibition and introversion.

Answer: avoidant personality disorder Difficulty: 1 Page: 364 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

123. Histrionic personality disorder is __________ common in Asian cultures than in the United States.

Answer: less Difficulty: 1 Page: 368-369 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.6: Explain the role that sociocultural factors might play in the prevalence of personality disorders.

124. Of all the personality disorders, most clinical and research attention has been paid to the treatment of_________.

Answer: borderline personality disorder Difficulty: 1 Page: 370 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.7: Discuss the challenges associated with treating personality disorders and summarize the approaches that are used.

125. People with __________ have more selfish, callous, and exploitative behaviors than those with antisocial personality disorder.

Answer: psychopathy Difficulty: 1 Page: 372 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

Short-Answer Questions 126. Briefly describe the general characteristics of a personality disorder.

Answer: A personality disorder involves personality traits and behavior patterns that are maladaptive, inflexible, and not readily adaptive to new situations. The behavior patterns are stable and of long duration. They do not stem from reactions to stress, but involve the gradual development of behavior patterns. They usually significantly impair social or occupational functioning and in some cases cause a good deal of subjective emotional distress.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 342 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1: Describe the general features of personality disorders.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

485

127. What complicates the diagnosis of personality disorders?

Difficulty: 3 Question ID: 10.2-1 Page: 345 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

Answer: Personality disorders are often not diagnosed or may be misdiagnosed.

Personality disorders may never be diagnosed or treated due to their basic nature—personality disorders define the personality of the individual with the disorder, and it is difficult to determine when a problematic personality becomes a disordered personality. Misdiagnosis is common as the diagnostic criteria are not precise and lack objective behavioral standards. Diagnosis is vulnerable to subjective interpretation of traits and behaviors as being maladaptive or not. The criteria for the disorders are not exclusive of other diagnoses. While clinicians are likely to agree that an individual has a personality disorder, there may not be agreement as to which disorder the individual has.

128. How does temperament relate to personality disorders?

Answer: Temperament is inherited and may predispose people to develop particular personality traits and disorders. This can make personality disorders seem inherited, but it is the traits that predispose people to the disorders that are inherited.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 347-348 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

129. What does the five-factor model tell us about personality disorders?

Answer: The five-factor model has perhaps been most influential in understanding personality disorders.

It builds on the five-factor model of normal personality to help researchers understand the commonalities and distinctions among the different personality disorders by assessing how these individuals score on the five basic personality traits Difficulty: 2 Page: 345 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.2: Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

130. Compare and contrast paranoid personality disorder and schizophrenia.

Answer: People with paranoid personalities are not usually psychotic. Most of the time they are in clear contact with reality. During periods of high stress, however, they may experience transient psychotic symptoms that last from a few minutes to a few hours (APA, 2013). People with schizophrenia share some symptoms found in paranoid personality, but they have many additional problems including more persistent loss of contact with reality, delusions, and hallucinations. Nevertheless, individuals with paranoid personality disorder do appear to be at elevated liability for schizophrenia.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 349 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

486

131. Which of the personality disorders appears to be most related to schizophrenia? What evidence is there of this relationship?

Answer: While all of the Cluster A personality disorders are characterized by different features of schizophrenia, schizotypal personality appears to be the most strongly related to schizophrenia. This disorder is characterized by abnormalities in behavior that are often seen in those with schizophrenia, and there is evidence that those with schizotypal personality disorder are at greater risk of developing schizophrenia. A genetic relationship to schizophrenia has also long been suspected. In fact, this disorder appears to be part of a spectrum of liability for schizophrenia and often occurs in some of the first-degree relatives of people with schizophrenia.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 351 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

132. Why is histrionic personality disorder more prevalent in women?

Answer: Many of the criteria for histrionic personality disorder involve maladaptive variants of traits that are seen as female-related in our culture, such as overdramatization, vanity, seductiveness, and overconcern with physical appearance. However, other histrionic personality traits are actually more common in men (e.g., high excitement seeking and low self-consciousness). A recent careful analysis of the issue suggests that the higher prevalence of histrionic personality in women actually would not be predicted based on known sex differences in the personality traits prominent in the disorder. This does indeed suggest the influence of some form of sex bias in the diagnosis of this disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 353 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

133. Why does the person with a narcissistic personality disorder have many “friends” but few intimate relationships?

Answer: People with narcissistic personality disorder overestimate their own accomplishments and underestimate others’. They need friends to gain admiration and seem important, but they eventually see others as stupid or unworthy and reject them. Relationships do not last long because others become tired of the narcissistic person’s lack of consideration.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 354 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

487

134. What are examples of dangerous behavior seen in borderline personality disorder?

Answer: Borderline personality disorder includes erratic and impulsive behaviors that can be selfdestructive. These include reckless driving, binges of gambling, drinking, and sex, as well as selfmutilation and suicidal behavior. Self-mutilation is one of the most discriminating signs of BPD and is sometimes associated with relief from anxiety and other negative emotions. Suicidal behavior is also common and, while suicide attempts may be motivated by a desire to manipulate; it is estimated that as many as 8 percent may complete a suicide.

Difficulty: 1 Page: 360 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

135. What is the main distinguishing factor between borderline and histrionic personality disorders?

Answer: Sexuality is central to histrionic personality disorder but not to borderline personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 353, 359 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

136. Compare and contrast avoidant and schizoid personality disorders.

Answer: While both disorders are characterized by a lack of social contact, the motivation behind the exhibited social isolation differs. Avoidant individuals (Cluster C) are too frightened to initiate relationships. Although alone, the avoidant personality very much wants to be with others but is afraid of rejection. Schizoid individuals (Cluster A) are alone because they have no desire to be with others and are emotionally uninvolved.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 350, 364 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.5: List the three Cluster C personality disorders and describe the clinical features that are central to each.

137. What are the two dimensions of psychopathy and the relationship to antisocial personality disorder?

Answer: Dimension 1: Affective and interpersonal traits—lack of remorse and empathy, superficial charm, exaggerated self-worth, and pathological lying. Dimension 2: Behavior—deviant lifestyle, impulsivity, and irresponsibility. The second dimension is more related to antisocial personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 372 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

488

Essay Questions 138. Describe and differentiate between the Cluster A personality disorders.

Answer: The Cluster A personality disorders are characterized by odd behavior. This cluster includes the paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders. All disorders share some common features with schizophrenia, but it is thought that only schizotypal personality disorder is related to schizophrenia. The paranoid personality is characterized by extreme suspicion and distrust. This is the individual who can’t forgive even the smallest perceived slight. The paranoid personality is always on the lookout for someone who has done him or her wrong, but he or she is not psychotic. Despite the prevalent paranoia, the paranoid personality is firmly in touch with reality. The schizoid personality shows some of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, social withdrawal and flat affect. This is the loner, who prefers to be alone and seems to take pleasure in nothing. The schizotypal personality is best described as odd and eccentric.

They may show some bizarre thinking, but are generally in touch with reality. GRADING RUBRIC: 12 points total. 3 for general description of Cluster A disorders and 3 each for the 3 disorders.

Difficulty: 3 Page: 348-352 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.3: List the three Cluster A personality disorders and describe the key clinical features of each.

139. Discuss the two subtypes of narcissistic personality disorder and the possible causes posited for each subtype.

Answer: The two subtypes of narcissism are Grandiose and Vulnerable. A key research finding has been that the grandiose and vulnerable forms of narcissism are associated with different causal factors. (1) The grandiose presentation of narcissism is manifested by traits related to grandiosity, aggression, and dominance, a strong tendency to overestimate their abilities and accomplishments while underestimating the abilities and accomplishments of others. There is some evidence that grandiose narcissism is associated with parental overvaluation. (2) Vulnerable narcissists have a very fragile and unstable sense of self-esteem, and for them, arrogance and condescension is merely a façade for intense shame and hypersensitivity to rejection and criticism. They may avoid interpersonal relationships due to fear of rejection or criticism. Vulnerable narcissism has been associated with emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, as well parenting styles characterized as intrusive, controlling, and cold. GRADING RUBRIC: 10 points, 5 points for each theory.

Difficulty: 3 Page: 355 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

489

140. Compare and contrast histrionic and narcissistic personality disorder.

Answer: Both disorders are characterized by a need for attention, but the motivation underlying this need differs. The histrionic personality desires attention in order to feel valued and may use manipulative means to get the attention he or she craves. The narcissistic personality appears to believe that he or she has great value, but seeks admiration to confer this belief. While the histrionic desires any attention and will do whatever is needed to get it, the narcissist desires admiration and praise. Both disorders are characterized by vanity and a lack of concern for the emotions of others. These are personality types that are needy, but in different ways. Histrionic personality disorder is a more common diagnosis for women, while narcissism is more commonly diagnosed in men. GRADING RUBRIC: 8 points total. 2 points for each of 2 similarities and 2 points for each of 2 differences.

Difficulty: 3 Page: 353-355 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.4: Describe the four Cluster B personality disorders and explain what common features they share.

141. What are the research findings on psychopathy and learning?

Answer: Psychopaths show deficient avoidance learning. They have a lower than normal fear potential startle response. They do not condition easily to fear. They have a deficient behavior inhibition system— the neural system underlying anxiety. Their behavioral activation system is normal or over-reactive, so they tend to focus on rewards. If caught, they focus on avoiding punishment. Their dominant response set for rewards seems to interfere with their ability to use punishment as a cue to change behavior.

GRADING RUBRIC: 8 points. 2 points for each of 4 research findings.

Difficulty: 3 Page: 378 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

142. What are the two dimensions of childhood temperament related to antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy, and what is the relationship?

Answer: 1. Difficulty regulating emotions plus high levels of emotional reactivity, including aggressive behaviors when responding to stress and negative emotions like anger. This increases the risk of ASPD and the antisocial dimension of psychopathy. 2. Few problems with regulating emotions, fearlessness, low anxiety and callous-unemotional traits. These children show poor development of conscience, and their aggressive behavior is more premeditated than reactive. This is correlated with the interpersonal dimension of psychopathy. GRADING RUBRIC: 10 points, 4 for each dimension and 2 for their relationship with the disorders.

Difficulty: 2 Page: 379 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.8: Describe the clinical features of psychopathy and explain how it is similar to and different from antisocial personality disorder.

TOTAL ASSESSMENT GUIDE Topic Learning Objective 10.1

Chapter 10 Revel Multiple Choice Assessments Factual EOM Q10.1.1 EOC Q10.1 EOC Q10.2

Conceptual

Applied EOM Q10.1.2 EOM Q10.1.3

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

490

Analyze It

TOTAL ASSESSMENT GUIDE Learning Objective 10.2

Learning Objective 10.3

Learning Objective 10.4

Learning Objective 10.5

Learning Objective 10.6

Learning Objective 10.7

Learning Objective 10.8

Chapter 10 Revel Multiple Choice Assessments EOM Q10.2.1 EOM Q10.2.2 EOM Q10.2.4 EOC Q10.3 EOC Q10.4 EOM Q10.3.4 EOM Q10.3.1 EOM Q10.3.5 EOM Q10.3.3 EOC Q10.6 EOM Q10.4.4 EOM Q10.4.1 EOM Q10.4.2 EOM Q10.4.5 EOC Q10.7 EOM Q10.5.2 EOM Q10.5.1 EOM Q10.5.3 EOC Q10.10 EOM Q10.6.3 EOM Q10.6.1 EOM Q10.6.2 EOC Q10.12 EOM Q10.7.1 EOM Q10.7.2 EOM Q10.7.3 EOM Q10.7.4 EOM Q10.8.1 EOM Q10.8.2 EOM Q10.8.4 EOM Q10.8.3 EOC Q10.15 EOM Q10.8.5 EOC Q10.14

EOM Q10.2.3

EOM Q10.3.2 EOC Q10.5 EOM Q10.4.3 EOC Q10.8 EOC Q10.9 EOM Q10.5.4 EOC Q10.11

EOC Q10.13

Section 2 Revel Multiple Choice Assessment Questions End-of-Module Quiz EOM Q10.1.1 ________ studies are designed to establish the prevalence (number of cases) of a a particular disorder in a very large sample of people living in the community. a.

Epidemiological b. Cross-sequential c.

Longitudinal d. Cross-sectional Answer: a. Epidemiological Difficulty: 1 Skill: Remember the Facts Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the general features of personality disorders.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

491

EOM Q10.1.2 Hannah has been diagnosed with a personality disorder. She has a tendency to be dramatic, emotional, and erratic. What DSM cluster does Hannah’s pattern of behaviors fall under? a.

Cluster A b. Cluster B c.

Cluster C d. Cluster D Answer: b. Cluster B Difficulty: 2 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the general features of personality disorders.

EOM Q10.1.3 Patrick has difficulty getting along with others and is viewed by others as inflexible. Although intelligent, he earns mediocre grades in college and seems unable to function effectively or meet the demands of adult life. Patrick’s behavior patterns are most consistent with a diagnosis of ________ a. a personality disorder. b. schizophrenia. c. bipolar disorder. d. generalized anxiety disorder.

Answer: a. a personality disorder.

Difficulty: 2 Skill: Apply What You Know Learning Objective: 10.1 Describe the general features of personality disorders.

EOM Q10.2.1 In a prospective study, ________ a. groups of people are observed before a disorder appears and are followed over a period of time to see which individuals develop problems. b. groups of people given a particular diagnosis are observed over time to monitor the change in the level of severity of problems. c. treatment is administered to groups of people who have been given a psychiatric diagnosis. The people are followed in order to monitor treatment effectiveness. d. groups of people are observed after a disorder appears and are followed over a period of time to observe changes in the individuals over time.

Answer: a. groups of people are observed before a disorder appears and are followed over a period of time to see which individuals develop problems.

Difficulty: 2 Skill: Understand the Concepts Learning Objective: 10.2 Summarize the challenges of doing research on personality disorders.

Copyright © 2017, 2014, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

492