Name: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
Date:
Solution Manual for Discovering the Internet Brief 5th Edition by Jennifer Campbell
ISBN 1285845412 9781285845418
Full download link at:
Solution manual:https://testbankpack.com/p/solution-manual-for-discovering-theinternet-brief-5th-edition-by-jennifer-campbell-isbn-1285845412-9781285845418/ Test bank:https://testbankpack.com/p/test-bank-for-discovering-the-internet-brief-5thedition-by-jennifer-campbell-isbn-1285845412-9781285845418/
1. By not disclosing search engine algorithms, the search engines are attempting to prevent marketers from manipulating web content to improve search ranking.
a. bot b. SEO
c. Deep Web d. wiki
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 93
2. When evaluating search tools, avoid tools that ____.
a. provide access to frequently updated large indexes of webpages and other web-based files
c. do not clearly indicate paid or sponsored links in their search results list
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 94
3. A search is a question that defines the information you seek.
a. text box b. query
c. engine d. caption
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 94
4. A is a specific word that describes the information you seek.
a. keyword b. query
c. search text box d. hit
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 94
5. Keywords are entered in a text box or in the Address box.
a. hit b. stop word
c. search d. query
ANSWER: c
b. return search results quickly
d. present the most relevant search results for a keyword search
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 95
6. The more used in a query, the more focused the search results will be.
a. hits b. keywords
c. captions d. directories
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 95
7. A is a webpage item listed in a search results list.
a. hit b. spider
c. keyword d. bot
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 95
8. A(n) search seeks specific information using keyword combinations.
a. targeted b. open-ended
c. meta tag d. natural language
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 96
9. A(n) search typically generates thousands of hits and requires a review of multiple webpages to gather appropriate information.
a. stop word b. open-ended
c. full-text d. targeted
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 96
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageChapter 3: Searching the Web
10. A search that puts the query in the form of a statement or question is a ____, like that shown in the accompanying figure.
a. query search
c. hit search
b. natural language search
d. keyword search
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 96
11. Examples of include what, where, is, the, of, in, and how.
a. hits b. meta tags
c. search engines d. stop words
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 96
12. The first step in determining the quality of the information on a webpage is to examine its ____.
a. design and functionality b. objectivity
c. scope d. authority
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 97
13. A(n) source is any document, item, or other data that provides firsthand information about a particular topic.
a. secondary b. top
c. primary d. official
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 98
14. When examining a website's ____, determine whether the webpage information is presented fairly, whether the content contains any subtle or clear biases, or whether the information is skewed toward commercial or political interests.
a. authority b. objectivity
c. scope d. design and functionality
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 98
15. Webpages with grammar or spelling errors, poor organization, missing images, or at best indicate poor attention to detail, and at worst might indicate the page is a poor-quality source.
a. broken links b. hashtags
c. breadcrumb trails d. meta tag keywords
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 98
16. A is a human-compiled, hierarchical list of webpages organized by category.
a. search engine b. directory
c. metasearch engine d. web crawler
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Chapter 3: Searching the Web
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 99
17. Jerry’s Guide, one of the first directories, was renamed in 1995.
a. Google b. Yahoo!
c. Bing d. Searchme
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 99
Date:
18. A shows the hierarchical arrangement of categories and subcategories through which a user has clicked.
a. natural language search b. social media aggregator
c. breadcrumb trail d. wiki
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 101
19. is a specialty search tool designed for kid-friendly searches.
a. Google b. Fact Monster
c. Bing d. Lycos
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 104
20. is an example of a web crawler.
a. Googlebot b. Alta Vista
c. Bing d. DMOZ
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 105
21. are descriptive keywords coded into a webpage’s HTML code that are readable by a web crawler but invisible to the user.
a. Hits b. Bots
c. Meta tag keywords d. Spiders
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 105
22. Web crawlers continually browse the web to update their with modified webpage content or new, previously unknown webpages.
a. spiders b. hashtags
c. indexes d. Boolean operators
5
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageName: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 105
Date:
23. What is a special type of search tool that compiles the search results from multiple search engines into a single search results list?
a. metasearch engine b. full-text searching
c. search engine algorithm d. web crawler
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 109
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageName: Class: Date:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
a. human-compiled index b. metasearch engine
c. general-purpose search tool d. white pages directory
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 109
25. It is important to carefully review the source of each hit returned by a metasearch engine to eliminate that might not be the most relevant to the search query.
a. sponsored listings b. hashtags
c. nonpaid hits d. Boolean operators
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 110
26. When given multiple keywords in a query, a search engine uses the AND, OR, and NOT operators to specify which keywords should be included or excluded from the search results.
a. Aristotelian b. Bohemian
c. Boolean d. Archimedean
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 112
27. To specify an either-or condition, you must specifically enter between the keywords to indicate that hits should include either of the keywords.
a. BOTH b. EITHER
c. NOT d. OR
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 112-113
28. To exclude a keyword from a search, some search engines require the NOT operator to be used while other search engines require before the excluded term.
a. a plus sign b. a minus sign
c. parenthesis d. quotation marks
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 113
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageChapter 3: Searching the Web
29. A completed search query can be reviewed to learn how to create similar searches by typing shortcuts and Boolean operators directly in the search engine's search as shown in the accompanying figure.
a. algorithm b. text box
c. breadcrumb trail d. wiki
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 114
30. To quickly display the Find bar in Internet Explorer or Chrome press the key combination.
a. CTRL+ALT+F b. CTRL+ALT+DELETE
c. CTRL+V d. CTRL+F
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
31. To locate needed information more quickly, use the to perform a keyword search on a page.
a. Information bar b. Favorites bar
c. Find bar d. status bar
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
32. The _____, as shown in the accompanying figure of the Internet Explorer Find bar, allows a user to specify a match for whole words only and case.
a. Options button b. Find text box
c. 'Highlight all matches' button d. Next button
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
33. search engines can be used to search for people, news, magazine or journal articles, videos, blogs and other social media, products, or services.
a. Breadcrumb trail b. Primary source
c. Specialized d. Wiki
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 123
34. When searching for information, such as an email address or telephone number, it is more efficient to use a specialized directory, such as an online white pages directory or directory.
a. stop word b. primary source
c. search query d. yellow pages
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
35. Online versions of newspapers include headlines and articles distributed through major news wire services, such as the Associated Press (AP), United Press International (UPI), and ____.
a. Reuters b. Dun & Bradstreet
c. FindLaw d. Hoover's
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 125
36. is an example of a search engine that specializes in indexing websites that offer video clips.
9
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageName: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
a. Pipl b. Yahoo! Screen
c. Wink d. Ixquick
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 125
Date:
37. Specialized search engines, such as Technorati, Digg, and Newsvine, are sometimes called ____.
a. directories b. social media aggregators
c. news sites d. shopping sites
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 126
38. Talkwalker and Twubs are examples of search engines and tools.
a. video b. shopping
c. news and current events d. hashtag
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 126
39. Shopping search engines, such as DealTime and Nextag, are also known as shopping bots or shopping ____.
a. results lists b. aggregators
c. hits d. wikis
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 128
40. Which specialized collection of electronic resources provides access to U.S. congressional and state government documents, statistics produced by governmental agencies and organizations, and primary and secondary sources of historical documents?
a. Hoover's b. Dun & Bradstreet
c. LexisNexis d. Proquest
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 131
41. Search keywords should be chosen carefully to produce the best search results.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 94
42. Using the phrase “Grand Canyon National Park” returns more relevant hits than the keyword park
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 10
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 95
43. When searching for a phrase, most search tools allow you to surround the keywords with parentheses.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 95
44. A targeted search typically generates thousands of hits and requires you to review multiple webpages to gather appropriate information.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 96
45. When performing a natural language search, a search engine generally includes stop terms.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 96
46. A search engine lists the hits in a search results list in a certain order, usually with more relevant hits at or near the top of the list.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 97
47. People typically look at the first 30 or 40 hits in a search results list before reformulating the search query and searching again.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 97
11
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageName: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
Date:
48. The first step in determining the quality of the information on a webpage is to examine its authority.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 97
49. One technique for determining scope and quality is to compare the information on several webpage sources that discuss the same topic.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 98
50. A web user can rely on the credibility of content found on an attractive and professional looking webpage.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 98
51. A directory is a human-compiled, hierarchical list of webpages organized by category.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 99
52. Using human editors to compile a directory's index of web resources is an advantage because of the time it takes for human editors to review new webpages and add them.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 101
53. Most directories have strategic partnerships with search engines.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 104
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageName: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
54. Users interact directly with web crawlers, such as Yahoo! Slurp, Googlebot, and Bingbot.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 105
Date:
55. A special type of search tool that compiles the search results from multiple search engines into a single search results list is a metasearch engine.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 109
56. Most search engines assume that a list of several keywords entered into the search text box are connected by the OR operator.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 112
57. The Previous and Next buttons, which you can click to move to the previous or next instance of the keyword on a page, are elements of the Internet Explorer Find bar.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
58. White pages and yellow pages directories include resources, such as Pipl and Wink, for a fee.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
59. Social media includes online tools used to communicate ideas, share links, contribute personal commentary, share photos, and interact online with other web users in various ways.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageName: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
REFERENCES: 126
Date:
60. Groups of related posts or media on a specific platform, such as Twitter, are created by hashtags.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 126
61. Shopping search engines aggregate information about consumer products and services, and help online shoppers compare models, prices, shipping costs, and other variables.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 128
62. Search engines are the most effective resource for completing in-depth or scholarly research.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 130
63. Two widely used resources for finding information on small and large businesses are Hoover's and Dun & Bradstreet.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 131
64. FindLaw is a useful portal for finding information about laws and court cases, but is not used for locating an attorney.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 131
65. The Library of Congress's website provides searchable databases of legislative information and is named THOMAS, after Thomas Edison.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
14
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Chapter 3: Searching the Web
REFERENCES: 132
Date:
66. Search engine instruct a search engine to locate and rank search results based on keywords and a variety of other factors.
ANSWER: algorithms
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 92
67. A search query should include at least one _________________________.
ANSWER: keyword
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 94
68. Surround keywords with when the keywords must appear together as a phrase.
ANSWER: quotation marks
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 95
69. The more keywords included in a query, the more focused the will be.
ANSWER: results
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 95
70. A(n) search query seeks information on a broader scale using a simple keyword such as rainforest rather than "average rainfall" Amazon rainforest, which would be used in a targeted search for specific information.
ANSWER: open-ended
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 96
71. A(n) search query seeks specific information using keyword combinations.
ANSWER: targeted
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 96
72. Because anyone can publish information to the Internet, it is important to carefully assess the of the webpage content.
ANSWER: credibility
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 97
73. A search uses software called a spider, bot, or web crawler that browses the web, automatically adding the URLs and other information about webpages to a searchable index.
ANSWER: engine
POINTS: 1
Page 15
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by CogneroName: Class: Date:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
REFERENCES: 105
74. Bot is short for _________________________.
ANSWER: robot
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 105
75. Most attempt to present the most useful and relevant hits at or near the top of a search results list.
ANSWER: search engines
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 105
76. Many search tools today have become _________________________, basing their results on indexes created both by web crawlers and by human editors.
ANSWER: hybrids
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 105
77. Reviewing a search engine's feature can provide insight for using the search engine and its special features more effectively.
ANSWER: Help
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 108
78. A special type of search tool that compiles the search results from multiple search engines into a single search results list is a(n) _________________________.
ANSWER: metasearch engine
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 109
79. It is important to review the source of each hit returned by a metasearch engine to eliminate listings that might not be the most relevant to your search query.
ANSWER: sponsored
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 110
80. A(n) is a conjunction used in a logical expression.
ANSWER: Boolean operator
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 112
81. The operator indicates a keyword that must appear in a search results hit.
ANSWER: AND
POINTS: 1
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Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by CogneroName: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
REFERENCES: 112
Date:
82. Some white pages and yellow pages directories offer additional services such as _________________________, which is useful when you know a telephone number and want to discover the name with which it is associated.
ANSWER: reverse lookup
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
83. As shown in the accompanying figure, Yahoo! Screen is a(n) search engine.
ANSWER: video
POINTS: 1
17
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageName: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
REFERENCES: 125
84. Nextag and DealTime are examples of _________________________.
ANSWER: shopping search engines shopping bots shopping aggregators
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 128
Date:
85. provides information services to the business, scientific, engineering, financial, and legal communities over the Internet or an internal intranet.
ANSWER: Proquest
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 131
Modified True/False
86. A good directory will eliminate duplicate entries, categorize the hits based on topic, order the hits by relevance, and indicate which search engines provided the search results.
ANSWER: False - metasearch engine
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 110
87. To quickly display the Find bar in Internet Explorer and Chrome, press the CTRL+F key combination.
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
88. A hashtag is a word or phrase (with spaces removed), preceded by the @ sign.
ANSWER: False - #
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 126
89. Shopping search engines are also known as shopping bots or shopping wikis.
ANSWER: False - aggregators
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 128
90. LexisNexis, ingentaconnect, and FindLaw are three examples of services, which offer access to specialized information collections.
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 18
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Chapter 3: Searching the Web
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 130
Modified Multiple Choice
91. Which of the following are general-purpose search engines?
a. Bing b. Ask.com
c. BizRate d. Technorati
ANSWER: a, b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 104
92. Which of the following are special-interest search engines?
a. Technorati b. Gigablast
c. Fact Monster d. Bizrate
ANSWER: a, c, d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 104
93. Which of the following are metasearch engines?
a. Newsvine b. Digg
c. Zoo d. Dogpile
ANSWER: c, d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 109
94. Which of the following are Boolean operators?
a. AND b. OR
c. NOT d. WHERE
ANSWER: a, b, c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 112
95. Which of the following are social media aggregators?
a. Bing b. Google Blog Search
c. Newsvine d. Digg
ANSWER: b, c, d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 126
96. Briefly discuss the steps used in evaluating the credibility of the webpages in the search results list.
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero PageChapter 3: Searching the Web
ANSWER: It is important to carefully assess the credibility of the webpage content by looking at the authority of the source, the objectivity of the text, the scope and quality of the content, and the website's design and functionality.
1. Authority - Determine who owns or sponsors the website and, if possible, who authored the page content. Try to determine if the content's author and/or the website's sponsor have the appropriate expertise to present the information authoritatively.
2. Objectivity - Determine whether the webpage information is presented fairly, whether the content contains any subtle or clear biases, or whether the information is skewed toward commercial or political interests.
3. Scope and Quality - Compare the information on several webpage sources that discuss the same topic. In addition, look for indications of publication or update dates and times on webpages, especially when researching trends or a developing story.
4. Design and Functionality - Webpages with grammar or spelling errors, poor organization, missing images, or broken links at best indicate poor attention to detail, and at worst might indicate the page is a poor-quality source.
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 97-99
TOPICS: Critical Thinking
97. Write three keyword queries to satisfy the following searches. Your queries should include the appropriate Boolean operators; use the + symbol for the AND operator and the - symbol for the NOT operator.
a) Find pages that contain information about Wales or Scotland but not England
b) Find pages in the government domain that contain information about the food pyramid
c) Find the name of the state flower for your state
ANSWER:
a) Wales OR Scotland -England
b) food +pyramid +.gov
c) state +flower +[your state]
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 112-113
TOPICS: Critical Thinking
98. Briefly describe the Find bar and discuss the elements of the Internet Explorer Find bar.
ANSWER: Sometimes it is difficult to locate specific information on a webpage, especially when the webpage’s content is complex or lengthy. Visually scanning the page can take some time and you might overlook the specific information you need. To locate needed information more quickly, you can perform a keyword search on a page using the Find bar. To quickly display the Find bar in Internet Explorer or Chrome, press the CTRL+F keys combination. To open the Find bar using a mobile browser, open your browser's menu and tap or click 'Find on page' or a similar command.
The Internet Explorer Find bar contains the following elements. Other browsers for desktop and laptop computers have similar features.
The 'Close the Find bar' button
The Find text box, in which you can enter or edit keywords
The Previous and Next buttons, which you can click to move to the previous or next instance of the keyword on the page
Name: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
Date:
The 'Highlight all matches' button, which allows you to turn on or off highlighting of all instances of the keyword on the page
The Options button, which allows you to specify a match for whole words only and case
A search status notation
TOPICS: Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 3-1
Your best friend is a social studies teacher at the neighborhood middle school. He asks you to recommend a generalpurpose search engine for his personal online research and a specialty search tool that is appropriate for his students to use in the classroom for their online research projects.
99. Which of the following search tools is the better choice for the teacher to use for his personal research?
a. Bing
b. Technorati
ANSWER: A
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 104
TOPICS: Critical Thinking
c. Bizrate
d. Fact Monster
100. Which of the following search tools is the better choice for the teacher’s students to use in the classroom?
a. Ask.com
b. Fact Monster
ANSWER: B
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 104
TOPICS: Critical Thinking
Critical Thinking Questions
Case 3-2
c. Gigablast
d. Bing
As the administrative assistant to the vice president of finance, you are often assigned various types of online research projects.
101. Which of the following search engines would likely be most effective when you need to quickly search the indexes of multiple search tools at one time?
a. Ask.com
b. Dogpile
ANSWER: B
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 109
TOPICS: Critical Thinking
c. Bing
d. Yahoo! Search
Name: Class:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
Date:
102. Which of the following online tools would likely be most effective when you need to complete in-depth or scholarly research?
a. IxQuick
b. Yahoo! Search
ANSWER: D
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 130-131
TOPICS: Critical Thinking
c. Bing
d. Proquest
Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or concept.
a. targeted search
b. Dun & Bradstreet
c. hit
d. Deep Web
e. DMOZ
f. Boolean operator
103. AND ANSWER: f
POINTS: 1
104. Seeks specific information using keyword combinations
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
105. Form of metadata used in social media platforms
ANSWER: h
POINTS: 1
106. “What is the capital of Finland?” is an example of this ANSWER: j
Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 3: Searching the Web
POINTS: 1
107. Another name for the Invisible Web
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
108. A search directory
ANSWER: e
POINTS: 1
109. A metasearch engine
ANSWER: g
POINTS: 1
110. A web crawler
ANSWER: i
POINTS: 1
111. A research alternative offering access to specialized information collections
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
112. Listed in a search results list
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1