1484 12 1 2002 cor 1 2011 ieee standard for learning object metadata corrigendum 1 corrigenda for 14

IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

IEEE Computer Society

Sponsored by the Learning Technology Standards Committee

IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA

IEEE Std 1484.12.1™-2002/Cor 1-2011 (Corrigendum to IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002)

6 May 2011

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IEEE Std 1484.12.1™-2002/Cor 1-2011 (Corrigendum to IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002)

IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1 Sponsor

Learning Technology Standards Committee of the

IEEE Computer Society

Approved 31 March 2011

IEEE-SA Standards Board Approved 24 July 2012

American National Standards Institute

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Abstract: This corrigendum clarifies and corrects technical errors, editorial errors, and omissions in IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002.

Keywords: IEEE 1484.12.1, learning object, learning object metadata (LOM), metadata, reuse •

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Introduction This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011, IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata— Corrigendum 1.

This corrigendum addresses editorial changes and technical clarifications to IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002. It does not affect existing implementations of the standard.

Issues, collected by the Learning Technology Standards Committee, were discussed in open web conferences, held from June 2007 until October 2009.

The principal changes from the existing base standard are: a)

The modification of the “order” value for some data elements in the LOMv1.0 base schema from “unspecified” to “unordered.”

b)

The explicit definition of ordering for element 5.5: Intended End User Role.

c)

The modification of the vCard examples for elements 2.3.2, 3.2.2 and 8.1: Entity, in conformance with IETF RFC 2425:1998 and IETF RFC 2426:1998, and the addition of a clarification about character-escaping rules.

d)

The modification of the value space entries for elements 4.4.1.2: Name and 9.1: Purpose, which contained inappropriate line breaks.

e)

The modification of the value space entry for element 9.2.1: Source, which was incorrectly defined as “Repertoire of ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000.”

f)

The modification of the syntax of the DateTime element, in conformance with ISO 8601:2000.

g)

The addition of a clarification about the multiplicity of element 4.2: Size.

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Participants At the time this IEEE standard was completed, the Learning Object Metadata (C/LT/LOMWG12) Working Group had the following membership: Erik Duval, Chair Roberto Javier Godoy, Technical Editor Venkataraman Balaji Phil Barker Avron Barr Yolaine Bourda Dave Clegg Mike Collett Sarah Currier Hugo den Hollander Stephen Downes

S. M. Duncan Jeroen Hamers Andy Heath Wayne Hodgins * Don Holmes Jack Hyde Fanny Klett Scott Lewis David Massart Bernie Monette

Brandon Muramatsu Mikael Nilsson Claude Ostyn Daniel Rehak Robby Robson Christian Stracke Stefaan Ternier Schawn Thropp Tom Wason

*Chair Emeritus The following members of the individual balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may have voted for approval, disapproval, or abstention.

H. Stephen Berger Juan Carreon Keith Chow Geoffrey Darnton Thomas Dineen Sourav Dutta Erik Duval David Fuschi Michael Grimley Randall Groves

Rutger A. Heunks Werner Hoelzl Mark Jaeger Piotr Karocki Susan Land Greg Luri David Massart Gary Michel Brandon Muramatsu

Rick Murphy Jonathan Poltrack Gerald Radack Daniel Rehak Bartien Sayogo Gil Shultz Steven Smith Thomas Starai Gerald Stueve Schawn Thropp

Acknowledgments The Learning Object Metadata Working Group wishes to thank the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) vCard and CardDAV (vcarddav) Working Group for their contribution to the proper interpretation of the vCard Specification IETF RFC 2425:1997, IETF RFC 2426:1998.

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When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 31 March 2011, it had the following membership: Richard H. Hulett, Chair John Kulick, Vice Chair Robert M. Grow, Past Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary Masayuki Ariyoshi William Bartley Ted Burse Clint Chaplin Wael Diab Jean-Philippe Faure Alexander Gelman Paul HouzĂŠ

Jim Hughes Joseph L. Koepfinger* David J. Law Thomas Lee Hung Ling Oleg Logvinov Ted Olsen

Gary Robinson Jon Walter Rosdahl Sam Sciacca Mike Seavey Curtis Siller Phil Winston Howard L. Wolfman Don Wright

*Member Emeritus

Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons: Satish Aggarwal, NRC Representative Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative Michael Janezic, NIST Representative Michelle Turner IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development Michael Kipness IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development

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Contents 6. Base schema ............................................................................................................................................. 10 8. DateTime .................................................................................................................................................. 12

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IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

NOTE—The editing instructions contained in this corrigendum define how to merge the material contained therein into the existing base standard and its amendments to form the comprehensive standard. The editing instructions are shown in bold italic. Four editing instructions are used: change, delete, insert, and replace. Change is used to make corrections in existing text or tables. The editing instruction specifies the location of the change and describes what is being changed by using strikethrough (to remove old material) and underscore (to add new material). Delete removes existing material. Insert adds new material without disturbing the existing material. Insertions may require renumbering. If so, renumbering instructions are given in the editing instruction. Replace is used to make changes in figures or equations by removing the existing figure or equation and replacing it with a new one. Editing instructions, change markings, and this NOTE will not be carried over into future editions because the changes will be incorporated into the base standard.

IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or environmental protection. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health practices or regulatory requirements.

This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers.

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6. Base schema (The remainder of this page is intentionally blank. Table 1 begins on the following page.

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Name Identifier

Explanation A globally unique label that identifies this learning object.

Nr 2.3.2

Name Entity

Explanation The identification of and information about entities (i.e., people, organizations) contributing to this learning object. The entities shall be ordered as most relevant first.

Change item 2.3.2 of Table 2 as shown below

Nr 1.1

Change item 1.1: of Table 1 as shown below:

Size smallest permitted maximum:40 items

Size smallest permitted maximum:10 items

Value Space

2

Value Space vCard, as defined by IMC vCard 3.0 (IETF RFC 2425:1998, IETF RFC 2426:1998).

-

Copyright © 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved.

Order ordered

Order unordered unspecified

Table 1 —LOMv1.0 base schema

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype

Datatype CharacterString (smallest permitted maximum: 1000 char)

-

Example

NOTE—In this example the only characterescaping rules applied are those defined in RFC 2426. Other binding-specific characterescaping rules may be necessary.

Example “BEGIN:VCARD N:Friday;Joe FN:Joe Friday TEL:+1-919-555-7878 TITLE:Area Administrator\, Assistant EMAIL;TYPE=INTERNET:jfriday@host.com VERSION:3.0 END:VCARD” “BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe Friday\nTEL:+1-919-555-7878\nTITLE:Area Administrator\, Assistant\n EMAIL\;TYPE=INTERN\nET:jfriday@host.com\nEND:VCARD\n”

-

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Name Identifier

Explanation A globally unique label that identifies this metadata record.

Nr 3.2.2

Name Entity

Explanation The identification of and information about entities (i.e., people, organizations) contributing to this metadata instance. The entities shall be ordered as most relevant first.

Change item 3.2.2 as shown below:

Nr 3.1

Change item 3.1 as shown below:

Size Smallest permitted maximum:10 items

Size smallest permitted maximum:10 items

Value Space

3

Value Space vCard, as defined by IMC vCard 3.0 (IETF RFC 2425:1998, IETF RFC 2426:1998).

-

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Order ordered

Order unordered unspecified

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype

Datatype CharacterString (smallest permitted maximum: 1000 char)

-

Example

NOTE—In this example the only characterescaping rules applied are those defined in RFC 2426. Other binding-specific characterescaping rules may be necessary.

Example “BEGIN:VCARD N:Friday;Joe FN:Joe Friday TEL:+1-919-555-7878 TITLE:Area Administrator\, Assistant EMAIL;TYPE=INTERNET:jfriday@host.com VERSION:3.0 END:VCARD” “BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe Friday\nTEL:+1-919-555-7878\nTITLE:Area Administrator\, Assistant\n EMAIL\;TYPE=INTERN\nET:jfriday@host.com\nEND:VCARD\n”

-

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Nr 4.2

Name Size

NOTE— While 4.1:Format and 4.3: Location can have multiple entries per learning object, only a single value of 4.2: Size is single value of 4.2:Size is permitted for each learning object metadata record.

Explanation The size of the digital learning object in bytes (octets). The size is represented as a decimal value (radix 10).

Consequently, only the digits “0” through “9” should be used. The unit is bytes, not Mbytes, GB, etc.

This data element shall refer to the actual size of this learning object. If the learning object is compressed, then this data element shall refer to the uncompressed size.

Change item 4.2 as shown below: 1

Size

4

Value Space ISO/IEC 646:1991, but only the digits “0”..”9”

Copyright © 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved.

Order unspecified

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype CharacterString (smallest permitted maximum: 30 char) “4200”

Example

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Name Name

NOTES 1—The value for this data element may be derived from 4.1:Technical.Format automatically, e.g., “video/mpeg” implies “multi-os.”

2—This vocabulary includes most values in common use at the time that this Standard was approved.

Explanation Name of the required technology to use this learning object.

Nr 5

Name Educational

NOTE— This is the pedagogical information essential to those involved in achieving a quality learning experience. The audience for this metadata includes teachers, managers, authors, and learners.

Explanation This category describes the key educational or pedagogic characteristics of this learning object.

Change item 5 as shown below:

Nr 4.4.1.2

Size

Size smallest permitted maximum:100 items

1

5

-

Value Space

if Type= “browser” then: any netscape communicator netscape communicator ms-internet explorer opera amaya

-

Value Space if Type= “operating system” then: pc-dos ms-windows macos unix multi-os none

Copyright © 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved.

Order unordered unspecified

Order unspecified

Change item 4.4.1.2 (setting netscape communicator on one line) as shown below:

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype -

Datatype Vocabulary (State) -

Example

Example

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Nr 5.1

Name Interactivity Type

Explanation Predominant mode of learning supported by this learning object project.

“Active” learning (e.g., learning by doing) is supported by content that directly induces productive action by the learner. An active learning object prompts the learner for semantically meaningful input or for some other kind of productive action or decision, not necessarily performed within the learning object's framework. Active documents include simulations, questionnaires, and exercises.

“Expositive” learning (e.g., passive learning) occurs when the learner's job mainly consists of absorbing the content exposed to him (generally through text, images or sound). An expositive learning object displays information but does not prompt the learner for any semantically meaningful input. Expositive documents include essays, video clips, all kinds of graphical material, and hypertext documents.

Change item 5.1 as shown below: 1

Size

6

Value Space active expositive mixed

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Order unspecified

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype Vocabulary (State)

expositive documents (with learner's action): — hypertext document (reads, navigates); — video (views, rewinds, starts, stops); — graphical material (views); — audio material (listens, rewinds, starts, stops). mixed document: — hypermedia document with embedded simulation applet.

Example active documents (with learner's action): — simulation (manipulates, controls or enters data or parameters); — questionnaire (chooses or writes answers); — exercise (finds solution); — problem statement (writes solution).

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Nr 5.2

Name Learning Resource Type

NOTE— The vocabulary terms are defined as in the OED:1989 and as used by educational communities of practice.

Explanation Specific kind of learning object. The most prominent dominant kind shall be first.

Change item 5.2 as shown below:

When a learning object blends the active and expositive interactivity types, then its interactivity type is “mixed.”

NOTE—Activating links to navigate in hypertext documents is not considered to be a productive action.

Size smallest permitted maximum:10 items

7

Value Space exercise simulation questionnaire diagram figure graph index slide table narrative text exam experiment problem statement self assessment lecture

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Order ordered

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype Vocabulary (State)

-

Example

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Nr 5.5

Name Intended End User Role

Explanation Principal user(s) for which this learning object was designed, most prominent dominant first.

NOTES 1— A learner works with a learning object in order to learn something. An author creates or publishes a learning object. A manager manages the delivery of this learning object, e.g., a university or college. The document for a manager is typically a curriculum.

2— In order to describe the intended end user role through the skills the user is intended to master, or the tasks he or she is intended to be able to accomplish, the category 9:Classification can be used.

Change item 5.5 as shown below: Size smallest permitted maximum:10 items

8

Value Space teacher author learner manager

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Order ordered

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype Vocabulary (State)

Example An authoring tool that produces pedagogical material is a typical example of a learning object whose intended end user is an author.

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Name Description

Explanation Comments on how this learning object is to be used.

Name Identifier

Explanation A globally unique label that identifies the target learning object.

Name Description

Explanation Description of the target learning object.

Nr 8.1

Name Entity

Explanation Entity (i.e., people, organization) that created this annotation.

Change item 8.1 as shown below:

Nr 7.2.2

Change item 7.2.2 as shown below:

Nr 7.2.1

Change item 7.2.1 as shown below:

Nr 5.10

Change item 5.10 as shown below:

1

Size

Size smallest permitted maximum: 10 items

Size smallest permitted maximum: 10 items

Size smallest permitted maximum:10 items

Value Space

Value Space

Value Space

9

Value Space vCard, as defined by IMC vCard 3.0 (IETF RFC 2425:1998, IETF RFC 2426:1998).

-

-

-

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Order unspecified

Order unordered unspecified

Order unordered unspecified

Order unordered unspecified

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype

Datatype CharacterString (smallest permitted maximum: 1000 char)

Datatype LangString (smallest permitted maximum: 1000 char)

-

Datatype LangString (smallest permitted maximum: 1000 char)

Example

Example “BEGIN:VCARD N:Friday;Joe FN:Joe Friday TEL:+1-919-555-7878 TITLE:Area Administrator\, Assistant EMAIL;TYPE=INTERNET:jfriday@host.com

Example (“en,” “The QuickTime movie of the Mona Lisa on the web site of the Louvre museum.”)

-

Example (“en,” “Teacher guidelines that come with a textbook.”)

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Nr 9.1

Name Purpose

Explanation The purpose of classifying this learning object.

1

Size

10

Value Space discipline idea prerequisite educational objective accessibility restrictions accessibility restrictions educational level skill level security level competency

Copyright © 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved.

Order unspecified

Change item 9.1 (setting accessibility restrictions to one line) as shown below:

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype Vocabulary (State)

-

Example

NOTE—In this example the only characterescaping rules applied are those defined in RFC 2426. Other binding-specific characterescaping rules may be necessary.

VERSION:3.0 END:VCARD” “BEGIN:VCARD\nFN:Joe Friday\nTEL:+1-919-555-7878\nTITLE:Area Administrator\, Assistant\n EMAIL\;TYPE=INTERN\nET:jfriday@host.com\nEND:VCARD\n”

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Nr 9.2.1

Name Source

NOTE—An indexation, cataloging or query tool may provide the top-level entries of a well established classification, such as the Library of Congress Classification (LOC), Universal Decimal Classification (UDC), Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), etc.

Explanation The name of the classification system.

This data element may use any recognized “official” taxonomy or any userdefined taxonomy.

Change item 9.2.1 as shown below: 1

Size

11

Value Space - Repertoire of ISO/IEC 10646-1:2000

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Order unspecified

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype LangString (smallest permitted maximum: 1000 char)

Example (“en,” “ACM”), (“en,” “MESH”), (“en,” “ARIADNE”)

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

8. DateTime Table 3 defines the structure of DateTime item (The remainder of this page is intentionally blank. Table 3 is on the following page.)

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Nr 1

Name DateTime

Explanation A point in time with accuracy at least as small as one second.

Change item 1 as shown below: Size 1

Order unspecified

Copyright © 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved.

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Value Space YYYY[-MM[-DD[Thh[:mm[:ss[.s[TZD]]]]]]] YYYY[-MM[-DD[Thh[:mm[:ss[.s]]][TZD]]]] where: YYYY is the four-digit year (>=0001) MM is the two-digit month (01 through 12 where 01=January, etc.)

DD is the two-digit day of month (01 through 31, depending on value of month and year) hh is two digits of hour (00 through 23) (am/pm NOT allowed) mm is two digits of minute (00 through 59) ss is two digits of second (00 through 59) s is one or more digits representing a decimal fraction of a second TZD is the time zone designator (“Z” for UTC or +hh, -hh, +hh:mm or -hh:mm, where hh is two digits of an hour and mm is two digits of a minute) At least the four-digit year must be present. If additional parts of the DateTime are included, the character literals “-”, “T”, “:”, and “.” are part of the character lexical representation for the datetime.

If the time portion is present, but the time zone designator is not present, the time zone is interpreted as being UTC. NOTES 1—This value space is based on ISO 8601:2000. (see also http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-datetime970915.html) 2—The date portion only represents dates in the Common Era (CE). The date portion follows the Gregorian calendar for dates after October 15, 1582, and the Julian calendar for dates prior to October 15, 1582, independent of locale. Dates Before Common Era (BCE) and other cases should be represented using the “Description” data item.

Table 3 —DateTime

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1

Datatype CharacterString (smallest permitted maximum: 200 char)

“1997-07-16T19:20:30+01:00” (July 16th, 1997, 30 seconds past 7.20 p.m. with a time offset of 1 hour with respect to UTC)

Example “1999-01-11” (January 11th, 1999)

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3—The square bracket meta characters (“[“, “]”) indicate optional elements that may appear zero or one time in the character lexical representation of the DateTime. These meta characters do not appear in the result; only the associated values described appear, e.g., “DD” is replaced by the corresponding 2 digit value for day of month.

IEEE Std 1484.12.1-2002/Cor 1-2011 IEEE Standard for Learning Object Metadata Corrigendum 1