Fuses Introduction

Fuses Contents Fuse Information 30 Fuse Cross Reference Table 32 British Standard Fuses 34 Miniature Fuses 46 Cartridge Fuses 59 NH Blade Fuses 80 Automotive Fuses 90 Bottle Fuses 94 European Semiconductor Fuses 98 Photovoltaic (PV) Fuses 108 American Standard Fuses 109 Medium Voltage Fuses 122 P: 1300 387 326

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Fuse Information Is choosing the right fuse important?

Does it really matter what fuse I use?

Is the voltage rating important?

Yes, very important! The voltage rating of the selected fuse must be greater than or equal to the circuit voltage. Since fuses have such low resistance, the voltage rating becomes critical only when the fuse is trying to open. The fuse must be able to open quickly, extinguish the arc after the fuse element has melted and prevent the system open circuit voltage from re-striking across the open fuse element.

Choosing the right fuse for your application is vital. A fuse is a protective device so if it’s not selected with care, the level of protection that your circuit will experience may be compromised. When your machine/circuit was designed, the designer carefully considered the level of protection that was required, so getting it wrong may have serious consequences.

Also, please refer to ‘What is a Utilisation Category?’ in this section.

Can I use an AC rated fuse in a DC application?

What are fuses used for?

Fuses serve two main purposes: 1. T o protect components and equipment from costly damage caused by overcurrents.

2. To isolate sub-systems from the main system once a fault has occurred.

Also, please refer to ‘Can I replace a fuse with a circuit breaker?’ in this section.

What are Overcurrents?

Overcurrents exist when the normal load for a circuit is exceeded and they can be either (1) overloads, or (2) short circuits. An overload is any current flowing within the normal circuit path that is higher than the circuit normal full load current. A short circuit is an overcurrent which greatly exceeds the normal full load current of the circuit. Also, as the name infers, a short circuit leaves the normal current carrying path of the circuit and takes a “short cut” around the load and back to the power source. Short circuits are also referred to as ‘fault currents’. Components and equipment can be seriously damaged by both types of overcurrents.

However if they are not immediately cut-off or limited, short circuits can have catastrophic consequences.

Direct currents are very difficult to stop or interrupt when compared to alternating currents. Alternating current sources reverse the flow of current many times a second (in some locations 100 times a second on 50 Hz systems). Each time the current reverses, it goes to zero in magnitude.

A zero current is very easy for a melting fuse to stop or interrupt—it is already stopped, and there is no force trying to sustain an arc across the fuse element.

DC currents, as the name implies, are currents that travel in one direction only. They do not reverse. Fuses bear the entire burden (with no help from the current) of acting to stop these currents. The internal elements of a fuse must react to an over-current condition (usually by melting) and as they react, they must do so with enough capability to interrupt the current from flowing while extinguishing any arc that might form. DC fuses are relatively sophisticated devices that have many different internal elements that must work together.

There are fuses with equal AC and DC voltage ratings but in most cases, the DC voltage rating is significantly less than the AC voltage rating. If a fuse only has an AC voltage rating, it most probably was not designed for DC applications and hence has never been tested within a DC environment.

If you would like to ask if a specific AC rated fuse can be used in a DC environment, please call Fuseco.

How do I identify & replace a blown fuse?

Is the current rating important?

In most cases, people contact Fuseco when they need to replace an existing fuse that has blown. In such cases, it is paramount that either the identical fuse or an exact equivalent is provided. Care must be taken to make sure that the fuse provided is of the same utilisation category and has the same electrical performance of the original. If you need assistance with this, I welcome you to contact us and we would be very happy to assist you. Also, we provide many types of cross-reference charts in this catalogue, on our website or in a wall chart format. These tools can help you identify equivalent fuse types.

Yes, very important! Each fuse is marked with a nominal current rating.

The current rating of the fuse must be higher than the circuit’s normal operating current. As to how much greater, it depends on a number of factors, including what type of opening characteristic you desire.

Contact Fuseco for more specific advice.

How do I select a fuse for a new application?

During normal conditions, the fuse must carry the load current of the circuit without blowing and opening the circuit. However, when an overcurrent occurs, the fuse must interrupt the overcurrent and withstand the voltage across the fuse after arcing. It is important that designers take account of temporary conditions such as surges & spikes during fuse selection. To properly select a fuse the following items must be considered: • Available short circuit current

• Full load current • Characteristics of components to be protected • Any in-rush characteristics of the circuit (eg. Motor start-up) • The available space • The ambient conditions • Any standards requirements • Suitability to the proposed fuse holder (eg. Power loss)

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HRC means high rupturing capacity. Also known as high breaking capacity (HBC) or interrupting capacity. Usually ceramic and measured in kA.

Is the breaking capacity important?

Yes, very important! A fuse must be able to open the circuit during a short circuit without losing physical integrity. In other words, it should be able to exist under a maximum fault level load without physically cracking or disintegrating. The breaking capacity of a fuse is the maximum available current, at the rated voltage that the device can safely open without physically rupturing. The breaking capacity of the fuse must be greater than the potential fault (short circuit) current of the circuit.

The Breaking Capacity is also known as the ‘Interrupting Rating’. It is expressed in amps (A) but breaking capacity values are often large numbers.

For example, a breaking capacity of 120,000A is usually expressed as 120kA.

• Voltage rating (AC or DC)

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What does HRC mean?

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Should I care about standards and approvals?

Yes, it’s an important consideration. The IEC standards are followed by many European and Asian countries while the UL standards are followed by North America. Both of these standards have different ways of defining and measuring their criteria so UL and IEC rated fuses are not interchangeable. If you are replacing fuses, it is a good idea to replace with a fuse that complies to the same standard as the original fuse. If you are sourcing fuses to be used in exported equipment, make sure that the fuses comply with the destination country’s required standards.

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Fuse Information What is a Utilisation Category?

All fuses are designed to open a circuit to protect other valuable components from overcurrents. However, they are not all designed to do it in the same way! There are many different types of fuse performance options and selecting the correct performance for your application is vital. For this purpose, the IEC created ‘Utilisation Categories’ (please refer to the inside cover of the Fuse separator in this catalogue).

For example, fuses that are designed to protect sensitive semiconductor devices are designed to open very quickly and let through a minimum amount of energy during an overcurrent yet motor protection fuses are designed to withstand large in-rush currents in multiple start-up situations.

Some fuses only protect against short circuits when others also protect against overloads. There are many differences. Choosing the wrong fuse could potentially cause serious damage by under-protecting or could cause excessive down time due to nuisance-blowing. Fuseco can assist you to make the right choice.

What are the main fuse groups?

There are literally millions of different fuses that exist around the world, however most of them belong to one of the following groups: 1. Sub-miniature and SMD fuses

Can I enclose a semiconductor fuse in a fuse holder?

Semiconductor fuses run hotter than most fuses. In order to achieve a very accurate melting temperature, these fuses have been engineered with a high proportion of pure silver in their element and their body filling is high quality silica, which helps to draw heat away from the fuse element. Due to this fact, it is generally accepted that they should not be enclosed so as to ensure sufficient cooling of the fuses so they can operate as specified. Fuse cooling is very challenging if the fuse holder doesn’t allow sufficient airflow around the fuse.

The ‘power loss’ value of a fuse is a measure of the heat emanating from the fuse under full load. It is used to determine how quickly the fuse dissipates its heat. This is also known as the ‘heat loss’, ‘watts loss’ or ‘heat dissipation value’. Power loss is measured in Watts.

If any fuse is to be used in a fully enclosed holder, then the power loss rating of the fuse holder used must be greater than that of the fuse to ensure that there is sufficient dissipation of the heat around the fuse. In other words, the fuse holder’s ability to tolerate heat must be higher than the heat the fuse produces. If this is not followed, the fuse holder may warp, melt or explode. Due to the fact that semiconductor fuses run much hotter than type gG or type aM fuses, extra care must be taken when choosing fuse holders for them.

2. Miniature fuses 3. Cartridge fuses 4. British Standard fuses 5. DIN NH Blade fuses 6. Automotive & DC fuses 7. European Standard & Bottle Fuses

Can I replace a semiconductor fuse with a standard gG fuse?

8. American Standard fuses

Please don’t! If you do, then in the event of an overcurrent, you run the risk of experiencing critical damage to the semiconductor devices in the circuit.

In plain words, your expensive components will blow before your fuse does.

9. Medium Voltage fuses

What is the I²t of a fuse?

The I²t value of a fuse is a measure of the energy which is required to open the fuse element and to interrupt the current. It is determined by factors such as the design of the fuse element, the type of filler, etc.

The I²t value is also a direct measure for the let-through energy which is exposed to the item being protected by the fuse in case of an overcurrent situation. It is a function of current squared and time, hence it is expressed in A²s (amps x amps x seconds).

What is a semiconductor fuse?

Semiconductor fuses are fuses that have been specifically designed to protect semiconductor devices. They are often also referred to as solid state fuses, rectifier fuses or ultra-rapid fuses. Semiconductor devices are extremely sensitive to current fluctuations and require special protection. To perform this function, semiconductor fuses are able to open the circuit (blow) significantly quicker than other fuse types, and it is extremely important that they are replaced by direct equivalents when required. Semiconductor fuses belong to the utilisation categories aR, gR and gS.

How do I choose the right semiconductor fuse?

Semiconductor fuses are not selected like other fuse types. The main selection criteria for a semiconductor fuse is its I2t value…. even more important than its current rating! This is because semiconductor devices are extremely sensitive to current fluctuations and the maximum amount of letthrough energy that they are exposed to during an overcurrent needs to be accurately controlled. This is super-important when selecting fuse protection for semiconductor devices.

If you are replacing an existing fuse, make sure that the new selected fuse has an I2t value that within ±10% of the original fuse’s I2t value. In this case, I2t values need to be compared at the same system voltage.

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If you are selecting a semiconductor fuse for a new application, the I2t value of the selected fuse must be lower (or quicker) than the lowest I2t value of any of the components being protected. This ensures that the fuse opens before allowing any damaging let-through current to reach the components.

In addition, refer to the question ‘Can I enclose a semiconductor fuse in a fuse holder?’ in this section.

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Can I replace a fuse with a circuit breaker?

Circuit breakers have the advantage of being resettable and operationally cheaper and they have certainly taken over the downstream protective role where the potential fault currents are lower. So if you have a fuse in a downstream role, then in some cases, YES you can replace it with a circuit breaker.

However, due to their unique qualities, fuses are still required upstream in the critical role. They are, in essence, the ‘gatekeepers’ of the protection system. They are actually the most important protective device in the system.

Fuses have three unique characteristics: 1. They are safe. Modern fuses have extremely high breaking capacities – can withstand very high fault currents without rupturing.

2. Properly applied, fuses prevent ‘blackouts’. Only the fuse nearest the fault opens without upstream fuses (feeders or mains) being affected. Fuses can provide selective co-ordination.

3. Fuses provide optimum component protection by keeping fault currents to a low value… They are said to be current limiting.

So if you have a fuse in a critical upstream role. Then NO you cannot replace it with a circuit breaker.

We welcome you to contact the team at Fuseco to assist you with any questions or projects. Also, please explore our website www.fuseco. com.au as you will find plenty of useful information, tools and crossreference charts.

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Fuse Cross Reference Table Competitor

Fuseco

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TCP TC LC 4200..

MD

36 37 61 63 74

TF NIT NS MP205DA M205 DA205 MP205 41NM 4220..

AUTO MINI MAXI

37 35 34 51 50 50 51 55 77 90 90 90

1

2 200B_C 20B 20C 215 217 218 219 225 22G 257 297 299 3 3057F 312 313 314 315B_C 326 32B 3NA21 3NA22 3NA28 3NA33

MF 3AG 3AGDA 3AB TKF 3ABDA TIA NH1F NH2F NH00F NH3F

79 46 46 47 37 47 35 82 84 80 86

TMF TM

37 38

TTM E27F E33F E44F E27UR E33UR E44UR NZF

38 95 94 95 95 94 95 96

TIS

35

189020 189140

48 48

TLM PL

38 54

4 400B_C 404B_C 5 504B_C 5SB2 5SB4 5SC4 5SD2 5SD4 5SD5 5SE2 6 63B 7 7006563 7006565 8

A AAO ABC AC AGC AGW AGX ANL ANN ATC

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Fuseco

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OTM OTM TIS SBS TB OTM OTM SBS 5007606 5005306 5005406 5007306 5007706 5007406 5007106 2055920 5007506

62 62 35 61 36 62 62 61 41 41 41 42 41 42 44 43 44

4205..

4200..

4210..

4220..

41NM ACK ACL ATDR TC TCP 480032 480332 485201 485205 485301 485305 485301 5007706

59 63 71 77 55 93 93 66 37 36 69 69 73 73 78 78 78 41

E16F E27F E33F TF TFP NH00-3DS NH1-3DS NH2-3DS NH3-3DS FSM

94 95 94 37 36 88 88 88 88 68

TKF TMF 2055920 TKM TM ESD 5007306

37 37 43 37 38 34 42

B

100B 100B_C 1026F 10G 1329F

804B_C 8AB

Competitor

TIS 3AB TBC 3AG 7AG 8AG CNL CNN AUTO

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BAF BAN BAO BBS BC BLF BLN BLS BSUR1 BSUR2 BSUR3 BSUR4 BSUR5 BSUR6 BSUR7 BSUR8 BSUR9

D D16 D27 D33 DD DEO DIND003S DIND013S DIND023S DIND033S DMM E ED ED EET EFS EFS ES ET

35 47 37 46 55 54 92 92 90

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NS NIT TTM TT TRM TR-R ATQ TRS-R FSM RS20H RS32BW RS32H RS63H 480032 480332 485201 TRM ATQ ATQR TR-R TRS-R A50P A100P A70P A25X

34 35 38 38 62 70 65 110 68 39 39 39 39 69 69 73 62 65 66 70 110 71, 116 121 72, 119 114

MP205 M205 DA205 TLM TLT 5005406 5005306 5007106 5007606 5007406 5007306 5007506 5007706 5007306 5007406 5007506 5007506 2055920 5007306 5007406 5007506 5007406 5007506 5007506 2055920 5007306 2055920

51 50 50 38 38 41 41 44 41 42 42 44 41 42 42 44 44 43 42 42 44 42 44 44 43 42 43

TIA SFH22BW SFH22FW SFH30BW SFH30FW

35 76 76 79 79

F

C C08G C10G C14G C22G C520 CCK CCL CCMR CD CEO CH101 CH103 CH141 CH143 CH221 CH223 CMS221 CT

Competitor

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F06 F21 FF FG FLM FLNR FLQ FLSR FLU FM20H FM32BW FM32H FM63H FMC101 FMC103 FMC141 FNM FNQ FNQ-R FRN-R FRS-R FWH FWJ FWP FWX G GDA GDB GDC GF GG GSA 125-250A GSA 25-100A GSA 300-600A GSA 5-20A GSB 100-250A GSB 25-80A GSB 300-500A GSB 5-20A GSG1000 16-55A GSG1000 170, 190A GSG1000 175A GSG1000 200-500A GSG1000 75-160A GSGB 16-63A GSGB 170, 190A GSGB 175, 200A GSGB 225, 250A GSGB 300-800A GSGB 235A GSGB 75A GSGB 80A GSGB 85-160A H H07 HSH22B/W HSH22F/W HSH30B/W HSH30F/W

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Fuse Cross Reference Table Competitor

Fuseco

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A3T A6T A4J A3T A6T A4J AJT

112 112 111 112 112 111 111

J JJN JJS JKS JLLN JLLS JLS JTD

TIS TB TBC A25X ATQR ATM ATMR 2258F ATM ATMR

35 36 37 114 66 64 64 76 64 64

TC TCP A15QS A25X A50P A60X A70P A30QS A50QS A70QS 5007606 MD 5005306 LC 1735F LC MD 5007106 5005406 ATDR AJT 3057F

37 36 113 114 71, 116 118 72, 119 115 117 120 41 74 41 61 74 61 74 44 41 66 111 79

L L09 L14 L15QS L25S L50S L60S L70S LA30QS LA50QS LA70QS LCT LD LET LK LK LKC LKC LMMT LMT LP-CC LPJ-SP LPN-RK

Fuseco

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TF TFP MAXI 3ABDA 3AGDA 2258F ESD 5007506 5007406

37 36 90 47 46 76 34 44 42

TKF TCP TC TKM TFP TF NIT NS TKF TKM TIA TMF TM TB TTM TT TIS TBC TLM TLT NH00F NH00F NH1F NH2F NH3F NIT OT OTS OT OTS NS 2258F 3057F NZF NZF

37 36 37 37 36 37 35 34 37 37 35 37 38 36 38 38 35 37 38 38 80 80 82 84 86 35 70, 109 109 70, 109 109 34 76 79 96 96

TMF TM 1451F

37 38 71

M

K K07 K08 K09 KAB KLDR KLK KLKR KR85 KTK KTK-R

Competitor M09 M14 MAX MDA MDL ME MES MMT MT

P P09 P11 PK

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Fuseco

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TTM TT 2258F 2258F 3057F

38 38 76 76 79

TLM TLT M205 MP205 DA205 MP205DA DA205 SFH22BW SFH22FW SFH30BW SFH30FW NIT TIA TIS AG TCP TFP TB TBC TC TF TKF TMF TKM TLM TM TTM MD AG NS ESD SS LST TLT TT

38 38 50 51 50 51 50 76 76 79 79 35 35 35 68 36 36 36 37 37 37 37 37 37 38 38 38 74 68 34 34 34 35 38 38

PL

54

1751F

74

2076F

76

R

N N09 N100B N100B_C N11 N200B N200B_C N20B N20C N315B_C N315BS_C N32B N400B_C N404B_C N40TB_C N504B_C N630B_C N63B_C N63B_C N804B_C N805B_C NHC00G NHG00 NHG1 NHG2 NHG3 NITD NLN NLS NON NOS NSD NVK NYK NZ01 NZ02

Competitor

R11 R12 RHB RHF RHLF S S11 S12 S500 S501 S504 S505 S506 S71002ABWS S71002AFWS S71002BBW S71002BFW SA2 SB3 SB4 SC SD5 SD6 SE4 SF3/SF4 SF5 SF6 SF7 SF8 SG7 SH10 SH8 SH9 SK SLC SN2 SP SSD STD SY10 SY9 T TDC180 U UK X XK

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