Building Services Assessment 1 Group 8

School of Architecture, Building & Design

Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture Building Services (BLD 61904) Assessment 1: High-Rise Building at Taylor’s

Lecturers : Mr. Mohd Adib Ramli Ts. Dr. Mohamed Rizal Mohamed

Group Members of Group 8 : 1. Alyssa Nasrina Faizal 2. Ng Jiin Li 3. Sandra Lee May Ee 4. Woo Wai Kee 5. Yap Eon Sheng

0339601 0339181 0337793 0337733 0337953

CONTENT A. INTRODUCTION ● ● ●

Project Overview Initial Project Planning Building Orthographic Drawings

B. AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM ● ● ● ●

Introduction to Air Regulation Type by Space Type Vertical Planning: Elements of AC Systems as a Whole Horizontal Planning: Elements of AC Systems by Floor Types Justification: Elements of AC Systems by Space Types

D. FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

Location of Fire Protection System Purpose Group Vertical Planning: Escape Route Horizontal Planning: Escape Route Vertical Planning: Fire Spread Prevention Horizontal Planning: Fire Spread Prevention Passive Details Water Based Extinguisher Circulation Immediate Response Features Auto Response Features

E. MECHANICAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM C. MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM ● ● ●

Location of Mechanical Ventilation Mechanical Ventilation Components Mechanical Ventilation System by Floors

● ● ● ● ● ●

Location of Transportation System Vertical Planning & Circulation Horizontal / Vertical Planning Overview Detail Section of Lift Traction System Horizontal Planning for Performance In Conjunction to Fire Safety Effectiveness

F. TES PEER EVALUATION AND REFERENCES

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION PROJECT OVERVIEW Project Brief: For this assignment, we are required to form a group of 5 people to design a high-rise building which consists of basement parking, classrooms and students' accommodation within the plinth area of the open car park area of Taylors Lakeside Campus. The building's design is precedented from the existing building blocks and is fully equipped with centralized air-conditioning, fire protection, ventilation and mechanical transport systems. Hence, our proposal intends to create a fully functioning building with its systems to cater for the incredibly high number of students within the limited land area.

PROJECT NARRATIVE The year is 2030. Following the most harrowing world-wide health crisis in a century, there is a surge in the number of students who enrolled into the various programmes at Taylor’s University. To cater for the incredibly high number of students, the management of the University have decided to build a high-rise building which consists of basement parking, classrooms and students’ accommodation, complete with the building’s own central air-conditioning system, active fire protection system, mechanical ventilation system and mechanical transportation system. However, due to other expansion plans of the University there is only limited land area to site the new building. Additionally, the management requires the new building to resemble the existing academic blocks, hence minimal architectural design activities are required. The high-rise building will be located next Building Services to Block E, occupying a portion of the existing open car park, with the same plinth area as Block E. As an aspiring architect you have been appointed to work on this project. But since the design would resemble the existing blocks, the management is more interested to see your proposed solutions for the services systems stated above rather than the architectural design as the priority is on the staff’s and student’s safety and convenience. Therefore, you need to come up with a proposal of a creative and workable scheme of services systems to impress the management of the University.

INTRODUCTION INITIAL PROJECT PLANNING Zoning of building complying to the requirements of the project brief: ● ● ● ●

5 floors of parking, including 3 basement floors below LG level 1 shop floor 12 floors of classroom & lecture theatres 7 floors of student accommodation

20M 100 M

Plinth Size of Block E measured from Google Maps – 100m x 20m was approximated with a structural grid of 8.35mx8.35m

INTRODUCTION

N Site Plan

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

N Basement 1 (B1) Floor Plan | Carparks

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

N Lower Ground (LG) Floor Plan | Carparks

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

N Ground Floor Plan | Carparks

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

N Level 1 Floor Plan | Shoplots

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

N Level 2-13 Floor Plan | Classrooms & Lecture Theaters

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

N Level 14 Floor Plan | Hostel Management

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

N Level 15-20 Floor Plan | Hostel Accommodation

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

N Roof Level | Main Services

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

South Elevation

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

East Elevation

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

Long Section A

ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS OF BUILDINGS

Short Section B

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION: AIR REGULATION TYPE BY SPACE TYPE - Axonometry & Table 1: Air Conditioning System Spaces VERTICAL PLANNING: ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS AS A WHOLE - Table 1: Conditioning Process Elements - Table 2: Horizontal Connection Elements - Table 3: Vertical Connection Elements HORIZONTAL PLANNING : ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS BY FLOOR TYPES - Table 1: Conditioning Process Elements - Table 2: Horizontal Connection Elements - Table 3: Vertical Connection Elements - Table 4: Diffusion Method Elements JUSTIFICATION: ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS BY SPACE TYPES - Callout & Table 1: RL Plant Room & Support System (AHU & FCU combined plant)

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM INTRODUCTION: AIR REGULATION TYPE BY SPACE TYPE Air Conditioning System Spaces

Legend symbol

Rvt model axono diagram

Space Types' Table

Space Types' Code

Space Types' Name

Space Type's Floor levels

1

Plant Room & Support System

RL

2

Car Park System

B3-GL

3

Lecture Room and Classroom System

L2-L13

4

Shoplots System

L1

5

Management Office, Common Kitchen and Gym & Indoor Sport Facilities System

L14

6

Hostel Room Units System

L15-L20

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM VERTICAL PLANNING: ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS AS A WHOLE Conditioning Process Elements, Horizontal Connection Elements, Vertical Connection Elements

Split Unit System

FCU System

Rvt Model Long Sec Diagram (refer legend on next page)

AHU System Rvt Model Short Sec Diagram (refer legend on next page)

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM VERTICAL PLANNING: ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS AS A WHOLE Conditioning Process Elements, Vertical Connection Elements, Horizontal Connection Elements Element name

Location/Function

Element name

Chiller Plant Condenser

Chiller plant room, Reject heat from chiller

Make up water supply

Channel water from makeup tank Into cooling tower

Chiller Plant Evaporator

Chiller plant room, Cool down chilled water False ceiling with ductworks

Most rooms using AHU and FCU, Conceal ductworks for aesthetic purposes

Split unit refrigerant line and drain hose

Concealed in ceiling or cover kit, Channel refrigerant liquid and remove condensation

Cooling Water Pump

Element Photo

Element Photo

Location/Function

Pump cooling water (Towercondenser)

Chilled Water Pump

Pump chilled water (Evaporator AHU/FCU)

Chiller Switchboard

Chiller plant room, To control the chiller plant

Element name

Element Photo

Location/Function

Cooling water return Cooling Tower

Rooftop, adjacent to plant room, To cool condenser water

Cooling water supply

Chiller plant room, Main channels of chilled wand cooling water

Chilled water return Make up Tank

Rooftop, adjacent to cooling tower, Replenish loss water

Chilled water supply Chilled water return branch pipe

Air Handling Unit

AHU rooms, Regulate and circulate indoor air, bring in outdoor air

False ceiling space, Channel chilled water horizontally across the same floors with AHU and FCU

Chilled water supply branch pipe

Horizontal Connection Elements Fan Coil Unit

Split Unit Evaporator (Indoor Unit)

False ceiling of small shops and classrooms, Circulate existing air within a room

Element name Chilled water return riser pipe

Hostel rooms, Refrigerant absorb heat

Chilled water supply riser pipe

Split Unit Condenser (Outdoor Unit)

Conditioning Process Elements

Balcony, Transfer absorbed heat outside by compressing refrigerant

Not Shown in Section

Chilled water riser shaft

Vertical Connection Elements

Element Photo

Location/Function Channel chilled water vertically between different floors with ACU and FCU

Allows chilled water riser pipe to pass through, can be concealed for aesthetic purposes

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS BY FLOOR TYPES Conditioning Process Elements, Vertical Connection Elements, Horizontal Connection Elements

L1 Shoplots diagram AHU System

Conditioning Process Elements

Horizontal Connection Elements

1320x2585 Daikin AHU 1

Supply air header duct

Fresh air supply duct

1320x2585 Daikin AHU 2

From AHU 1

1320x2585 Daikin AHU 3

From AHU 2

1200x1500 fan coil unit

From AHU 3

FCU System

AHU Room

Vertical Connection Elements

Diffusion Method Elements

Chilled water supply & return

Riser Shaft

600x600mm supply air diffuser

Branch supply air duct

From Chiller plant 1

Chiller water pipe continues from chiller plant 1

600x600mm return air grille

Return air duct

From Chiller plant 2

Chiller water pipe continues from chiller plant 2

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS BY FLOOR TYPES Conditioning Process Elements, Vertical Connection Elements, Horizontal Connection Elements

L2-L13 Lecture and Classroom diagram

AHU System

Conditioning Process Elements

Horizontal Connection Elements

1320x2585 Daikin AHU 1

Supply air header duct

Fresh air supply duct

1320x2585 Daikin AHU 2

From AHU 1

1320x2585 Daikin AHU 3

From AHU 2

1200x1500 fan coil unit

From AHU 3

FCU System

AHU Room

Vertical Connection Elements

Diffusion Method Elements

Chilled water supply & return

Riser Shaft

600x600mm supply air diffuser

Branch supply air duct

From Chiller plant 1

Chiller water pipe continues from chiller plant 1

600x600mm return air grille

Return air duct

From Chiller plant 2

Chiller water pipe continues from chiller plant 2

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS BY FLOOR TYPES Conditioning Process Elements, Vertical Connection Elements, Horizontal Connection Elements

L14 Hostel Management diagram FCU System

Split Unit System

Conditioning Process Elements

Horizontal Connection Elements

Vertical Connection Elements

Diffusion Method Elements

1320x2585 Fan Coil Unit

Branch supply air duct

Riser Shaft

600x600mm supply air diffuser

Split AC Indoor Unit (Evaporator)

Chilled Water supply & Return from Chiller 3

Chiller water pipe continues from chiller plant 3

600x600mm return air grille

Split AC Indoor Unit (Condenser)

Split unit Refrigerant pipe

Centrifugal fresh supply air fan

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS BY FLOOR TYPES Conditioning Process Elements, Vertical Connection Elements, Horizontal Connection Elements

L15-L20 Hostel Accommodation diagram Split Unit System

Conditioning Process Elements

Horizontal Connection Elements

Vertical Connection Elements

Diffusion Method Elements

1320x2585 Fan Coil Unit

Branch supply air duct

Riser Shaft

600x600mm supply air diffuser

Split AC Indoor Unit (Evaporator)

Chilled Water supply & Return from Chiller 3

Chiller water pipe continues from chiller plant 3

600x600mm return air grille

Split AC Indoor Unit (Condenser)

Split unit Refrigerant pipe

Centrifugal fresh supply air fan

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ELEMENTS OF AC SYSTEMS BY FLOOR TYPES Conditioning Process Elements, Horizontal Connection Elements, Vertical Connection Elements , Diffusion Method Elements

Conditioning Process Elements

Horizontal Connection Elements

6000kg make up tank

LG water cooled screw chiller 3900x1656mm

Cooling water supply and return

Chilled water supply

Chilled water return

Truwater 2600x5600mm cooling tower

Evaporator

Make up water supply

From chiller plant 1

From chiller plant 1

Chilled plant pump

Condenser

From chiller plant 2

From chiller plant 2

From chiller plant 3

From chiller plant 3

Switchboard Panel 1600x3800

Vertical Connection Elements Riser shaft

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM JUSTIFICATION: ELEMENTS OF MECHANICALLY ASSISTED VENTILATION SUB SYSTEMS BY 11 SPACE TYPES Considerations for elements for Plant Room Sub System

Element Name

Type Characteristic

Functional Consideration

LG water cooled screw chiller

Cooling Capacity: 754 kW/chiller 4000 (L)x 1650 (W)x 2180 (H) 3 In total serving LG-L4, L5-L10, L11-L14 respectively

Clearance of min, 1600mm at rear, light and front, Mtn. 3100mm at left for tube exchanging

Truwater cooling tower

2590 (L)x 5920 (W)x 4115 (H) 3 in total, each serving one chiller plant

Make up tank

6100kg, one serving all 3 chiller plant

Pipe connection space

For connection of CHWR, CHWS, CWR and CWS

Riser Pipe Shaft

2950 (L)x 593 (W), covered with grille and concealed

Switchboard Panel

Rvt model axono diagram key

Rvt model callout 1 axono diagram of Space Type

3950 (L)x 1490 (W)x 1950 (H)

Aesthetic consideration

Min. clearance of 200mm at louvre side and 1000mm panel side for ventilation

Clear ceiling height of mln.

1000mm to accommodate piping connection

Allows the passage or chilled water pipes vertically across floor

To provide min. 1.500mm it rear side and 2000mm at three other Side, for ease of maintenance

Table 1: RL Plant Room & Support SV$tem (AHU & FCU combined plant)

Conceal exposed piping on wall

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM 1. LOCATION OF MECHANICAL VENTILATION ● Sectional Axono of System

2. MECHANICAL VENTILATION COMPONENTS ● Section of Connection between Components

3. ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

MECHANICAL VENTILATION BY FLOOR Level Basement 1 (B1) Level Ground (GL) Level 1 (L1) Level 2 (L2) Level 14 (L14) Level 15 (L15) Roof Level (RL)

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Location of Mechanical Ventilation Systems LEGEND

SYSTEM

Pressurization System

Sectional Axono Interior Systems

of

Building

SPACES

Enclosed Fire Staircases

FLOOR BY SPACES

GL-RL

Extract System

● ● ● ● ● ●

Toilets Storage Refuse Chamber Lift Lobby Kitchen Laundry Rooms

GL-L20

Combined System

● ●

Basement Service Rooms

B3-RL

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Location of Mechanical Ventilation Systems LEGEND

SYSTEM

SPACES

FLOOR BY SPACES

Extract System

● ● ●

Toilets Storage Refuse Chamber

GL-L20

Combined System

● ●

Basement Service Rooms

B3-RL

Sectional Axono of Building Interior Systems

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM

LEGEND

SYSTEMS

Mechanical Ventilation System Components

COMPONENTS

Blower

SPACES

●

Fire Staircase

● ● ●

Toilets Storage Refuse Chamber Lift Lobby

Vertical Duct

L21 Pressurization System

Damper with Double Blade

L14

Exhaust Propeller Fan

●

L2 L1 GL

Extract System

B1

South Section

Ductwork with Diffuser

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Mechanical Ventilation System Components LEGEND

SYSTEMS

L21

COMPONENTS Supply Fan

SPACES ● ●

Basement Service Rooms

Exhaust Fan

L14

Exhaust Ductwork

Combined System

Axial Fan

Grille Inlet

L2 L1 GL LG B1

Vertical Ductwork with Diffuser

Short Section

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Basement 1, 2 & 3 : Combined System

B1-B3 Basement Carpark Diagram SYSTEM

COMPONENTS Cast Aluminium Axial Fan

JUSTIFICATION

●

The compressor of the fan increases pressure flowing through it and pushes stale air towards the vertical ductwork with steel diffuser The axial fan is located in along the driving paths as there’s more vertical space

Air Supply Duct

● ●

Supply fresh air from the supply fan located on Ground Level Located on the East end to supply air throughout the basement

Aluminium Vertical Ductwork with Steel Diffuser

● ●

Transport stale air from the basement upwards to the exhaust fan located on Lower Ground Level Located on the West end to receive stale air supply

●

Provides Ventilation but also stopes fire and smoke from spreading

Steel Damper with Double Blade

●

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Basement 1, 2 & 3 Subsystems

Vertical Ductwork with Diffuser Air Supply Duct

Axial Fan

Vertical Ductwork with Diffuser

LEGEND

SYSTEM

VENTILATION FLOW

Combined System

Air from the supply duct ventilates the Basement through the pressure pull of the axial fan before the then fresh air becomes stale and is removed through the vertical ductwork with a diffuser towards an exhaust fan, directing the stale air towards the outside at Ground Level.

JUSTIFICATION

Sectional Axono of Ground Level Combined System

The components are placed to ensure optimal ventilation flow by ensuring the supply and extract systems are placed opposite each other, ensuring the entire space receives fresh ventilated air which can be removed quickly once stale.

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Ground Level : Combined System

GL Ground Level Plan Diagram SYSTEM

COMPONENTS Cast Aluminium Axial Fan

JUSTIFICATION ● ●

The compressor of the fan increases pressure flowing through it and pushes stale air towards the vertical ductwork with steel diffuser The axial fan is located in along the driving paths as there’s more vertical space

Supply Fan

● ●

Supply fresh air from the centrifugal fan located on Ground Level Fresh air flows through it and enters the building to flush out stale air

Exhaust Fan

● ●

Expels stale air from the Basement and Lower Ground level to the outside Stale air is supplied from the vertical ductworks

Steel Damper with Double Blade

●

Provides Ventilation but also stops fire and smoke from spreading

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Ground Level Subsystems Open Area Air Supply Duct Axial Fan

Exhaust Fan

LEGEND

SYSTEM

VENTILATION FLOW

Combined System

Air from the supply fan ventilates the Ground Level through the pressure pull of the axial fan before the then fresh air becomes stale and is removed through the exhaust fan with a propeller directing the stale air towards the outside.

JUSTIFICATION

Sectional Axono of Ground Level Combined System

The stale air from the basement and lower ground level is easily removed as the West part of the Ground Level floor is in contact with the outside, hence supply and extract can be provided for the lower floors.

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Level 1 : Extract System & Combined System

L1 Shoplots Plan Diagram SYSTEM

COMPONENTS

JUSTIFICATION

Ductwork with Diffuser

● ●

Absorbs stale air from the spaces to be transported outside of the building Directly moves stale air out of the building from each space

Exhaust Propeller Fan

●

Pushes the stale air out of the ductwork system towards the outside

Supply Fan

● ●

Directs fresh air towards the inside of the building Each space receives fresh air directly

Supply Ductwork

●

Carries fresh air from the supply fan towards the grille inlet

Grille Inlet

●

Allows fresh air to enter a space from the ductwork system

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Level 2

L2 Classroom & Lecture Plan Diagram SYSTEM

COMPONENTS

JUSTIFICATION

Ductwork with Diffuser

● ●

Absorbs stale air from the spaces to be transported outside of the building Directly moves stale air out of the building from each space

Exhaust Propeller Fan

●

Pushes the stale air out of the ductwork system towards the outside

Supply Fan

● ●

Directs fresh air towards the inside of the building Each space receives fresh air directly

Supply Ductwork

●

Carries fresh air from the supply fan towards the grille inlet

Grille Inlet

●

Allows fresh air to enter a space from the ductwork system

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Open Air Lobby

Level 2 Subsystems Inlet Grille

Exhaust Fan

Supply Fan Ductwork with Diffusers

LEGEND

SYSTEM

VENTILATION FLOW

Extract System

Air from internal spaces are absorbed by a diffuser attached to a ductwork system which directs the stale air towards an exhaust fan. The stale air is then transferred to the outside environment.

Combined System

Fresh air is supplied to the AHU room through a supply fan and ductwork. Stale air is absorbed by the diffuser and is passed through the ductwork and exhaust fan.

JUSTIFICATION

Sectional Axono of Ground Level Combined System

Extract system with its components ensures stale air is directly disposed from the space with minimal mechanical requirements.

Combined system ensures the AHU is constantly ventilated to prevent overheating.

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Level 14

L14 Hostel Management Plan Diagram SYSTEM

COMPONENTS

JUSTIFICATION

Ductwork with Diffuser

● ●

Absorbs stale air from the spaces to be transported outside of the building Directly moves stale air out of the building from each space

Exhaust Propeller Fan

●

Pushes the stale air out of the ductwork system towards the outside

Window Openings

●

Direct & operable ventilation method to let stale air out and fresh air in at the same time

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Lift Lobby Extract System

Level 14 Subsystems Exhaust Fan Ductwork with Diffusers Windows

LEGEND

SYSTEM

VENTILATION FLOW

Extract System

Air from internal spaces are absorbed by a diffuser attached to a ductwork system which directs the stale air towards an exhaust fan. The stale air is then transferred to the outside environment.

Window Openings

Air enters and escapes directly from the space.

JUSTIFICATION

Sectional Axono of Ground Level Combined System

Extract system with its components ensures stale air is directly disposed from the space with minimal mechanical requirements.

Fenestrations ensures ventilation can be controlled and space is constantly receiving fresh air when open.

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Roof Level : Extract System & Combined System

L21 Roof Level Plan Diagram SYSTEM

COMPONENTS

JUSTIFICATION

Ductwork with Diffuser

● ●

Absorbs stale air from the spaces to be transported outside of the building Directly moves stale air out of the building from each space

Exhaust Propeller Fan

●

Pushes the stale air out of the ductwork system towards the outside

Supply Fan

●

Directs fresh air towards the inside of the service room

Supply Ductwork

●

Carries fresh air from the supply fan towards the grille inlet

Steel Damper with Double Blade

●

Provides Ventilation but also stops fire and smoke from spreading

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Extract System

Natural Ventilation

Roof Level Subsystems

Combined System

Natural Ventilation

Extract System

LEGEND

SYSTEM

VENTILATION FLOW

Extract System

Air from the service rooms is directly transferred out to ensure the room is constantly well ventilated for optimal service production.

Combined System

Air is supplied to maintain optimal internal temperature of the room to ensure the system runs optimally.

JUSTIFICATION

Sectional Axono of Ground Level Combined System

Extract and combined system functions directly to constantly ventilate service rooms as well as is surrounded by natural ventilation. Hence, internal and external temperatures are maintained.

MECHANICAL VENTILATION SYSTEM Basement to Level 14 Ventilation Flow

Uniform Building By-Laws 1984 Part 1: Preliminary Clause 41: Mechanical Ventilation and Air Conditioning (1) Where permanent mechanical ventilation or air-conditioning is intended, the relevant building bylaws relating to natural ventilation, natural lighting and heights of rooms may be waived at the discretion of the local authority. (2) Any application for the waiver of the relevant by-laws shall only be considered if in addition to the permanent air-conditioning system there is provided alternative approved means of ventilating the airconditioned enclosure, such that within half an hour of the air-conditioning system failing, not less than the stipulated volume of fresh air specified hereinafter shall be introduced into the enclosure during the period when the air-conditioning system is not functioning. (3) The provisions of Third Schedule to these By-laws shall apply to buildings which are mechanically ventilated or air-conditioned. (4) Where permanent mechanical ventilation in respect of lavatories, water-closets, bathrooms or corridors is provided for and maintained in accordance with the requirements of the Third Schedule to these By-laws, the provisions of these By-laws relating to natural ventilation and natural lighting shall not apply to such lavatory, water-closets, bathrooms or corridors.

Part VII: Fire Requirements Clause 202: Pressurized System for Staircase All staircase serving building of more than 45.75 metres in height where there is no adequate ventilation as required shall be provided with a basic system of pressurization.

MS1525 - 2007 Clause 8.4.5 : Mechanical Ventilation Control Each mechanical ventilation system (supply and/or exhaust) should be equipped with a readily accessible switch or other means for shut-off or volume reduction when ventilation is not required. Examples of such devices would include their timer switch control, thermostat control, duty cycle programming and CO/CO2 sensor

Sectional Axono Diagram

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM /Passive fire strategy.

1. LOCATION OF FIRE PROTECTION VENTILATION

6. VERTICAL PLANNING: FIRE PREVENTION

●

Fire Appliance Access

●

Table 1: Legend with Justification

●

Fire Hydrant Placement

●

South Elevation: Slab Compartments, False

●

Safe Zone Strategy

Ceiling Fire Retardancy, Beams & Smoke

●

Fire Brigade

Exhausting ●

West Elevation: Slab Compartments, False Ceiling Fire Retardancy, Beams & Smoke

2. PURPOSE GROUP ●

Exhausting

UBBL: Travel Distance Requirements

7. HORIZONTAL PLANNING: FIRE PREVENTION 3. VERTICAL PLANNING: ESCAPE OVERVIEW ●

Table1: Legend with Justification

●

West Elevation: Escape Route (Horizontal)

●

South Elevation: Escape Route (Vertical)

●

Table 1: Legend with Justification

●

Floor Plans: Smoke Removal Path & Wall Compartments

8. PASSIVE DETAILS 4. HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ESCAPE OVERVIEW ● ●

●

Ergonomic Safety

●

Material Safety

●

Environmental Safety

Table 1: Legend with Justification Floor Plans: Escape Route

LOCATION OF FIRE PROTECTION VENTILATION Site plan: Fire Appliance Location, Hydrant Placement, Safe Zone, Fire Brigade 8.0m Wide Fire Brigade Access Road

8.0m Wide Fire Brigade Access Road

8.0m Wide Fire Brigade Access Road

8.0m Wide Fire Brigade Access Road

SYMBOL

ELEMENT NAME

Safe Zone (North, South, West)

Fire Brigade (Wide Road)

Water Storage Tank (Fire Protect)

Fire Brigade (Access Route)

Backup Water Storage Tank

Fire Hydrant (within 90m of each other)

Domestic Water Storage Tank

PURPOSE GROUP Site plan: Fire Appliance Location, Hydrant Placement, Safe Zone, Fire Brigade

Floor Level

Purpose group (fifth schedule)

Max. Travel Distance Requirement by Floor Type (Sprinklered)

B3-B1

Parking Garages

45m

LG

Parking Garages

45m

GL

Parking Garages

45m

L1

Shoplots

45m

L2

Classrooms

60m

L14

Student Accommodation

45m

L15

Student Accommodation

45m

Table 1: Max. Travel Distance Requirements referring to the Seventh Schedule of UBBL

VERTICAL PLANNING: ESCAPE ROUTE. Fire Staircase Location, Placement Justification SYMBOL

STAIRCASE

JUSTIFICATION

EXIT NAME

JUSTIFICATION

Occupants are allowed to use this staircase from Basement Car Park to Roof Level ● Ease of Movement ● Reduce confusion to users

WEST SAFE ZONE

Placed at Western Corner of the building to direct users towards Lower Ground Level.

Located 16m away from the Fire Staircase 1 to allow central exit as a backup exit ● Occupants are only allowed to go up from Level 1 until Level 20 ● Easy to reach to the Safe Zone when there is incidents happens ● Mainly for users who are using the hostel and classrooms

EAST SAFE ZONE

Placed at Eastern Corner of the building to direct users towards Level 1.

NORTH SAFE ZONE

Placed at Northern Corner of the building to direct users towards Lower Ground Level.

SOUTH SAFE ZONE

Placed at Southern Corner of the building to direct users towards Lower Ground Level.

● FIRE STAIRCASE 1

SYMBOL

●

FIRE STAIRCASE 2

● FIRE STAIRCASE 3

Located 45m away from the Fire Staircase 2 to allow central exit as a backup exit ● Occupants are only allowed to go up from Level 1 until Level 20 ● Easy to meet the assembly point ● Mainly for users who are using the hostel and classrooms

● FIRE STAIRCASE 4

Occupants are allowed to use this staircase from Basement Car Park to Roof Level ● Ease of Movement ● Reduce confusion to users ● Easy to meet the Safe Zone

VERTICAL PLANNING: ESCAPE ROUTE. Fire Staircase Location, Placement Justification

South Sectional Elevation.

West Sectional Elevation.

HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ESCAPE ROUTE Fire Staircase Location, Placement Justification, Escape Route, Travel Distance

Basement 1 Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

ELEMENT NAME Furthest Point

Escape Direction

SYMB OL

TRAVEL DISTANCE ROUTE 1 (LEFT)

ROUTE 2 (RIGHT)

UBBL STANDARD (BASEMENT PARKING)

45m

23m

45m

45m

41m

45m

45m

38m

45m

22m

45m

45m

HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ESCAPE ROUTE Fire Staircase Location, Placement Justification, Escape Route, Travel Distance

Lower Ground Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

ELEMENT NAME Furthest Point

Escape Direction

SYMB OL

TRAVEL DISTANCE ROUTE 1 (LEFT)

ROUTE 2 (RIGHT)

UBBL STANDARD (BASEMENT PARKING)

44m

25m

45m

45m

37m

45m

20m

45m

45m

23m

24m

45m

25m

39m

45m

HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ESCAPE ROUTE Fire Staircase Location, Placement Justification, Escape Route, Travel Distance

Ground Level Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

ELEMENT NAME Furthest Point

Escape Direction

SYMB OL

TRAVEL DISTANCE ROUTE 1 (LEFT)

ROUTE 2 (RIGHT)

UBBL STANDARD (BASEMENT PARKING)

45m

23m

45m

43m

41m

45m

32m

36m

45m

22m

45m

45m

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ESCAPE ROUTE. Fire Staircase Location, Placement Justification, Escape Route, Travel Distance

Level 1 (Shops) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

ELEMENT NAME Furthest Point

Escape Direction

SYMB OL

TRAVEL DISTANCE ROUTE 1 (LEFT)

ROUTE 2 (RIGHT)

UBBL STANDARD (BASEMENT PARKING)

34m

25m

45m

32m

43m

45m

20m

19m

45m

33m

35m

45m

45m

22m

45m

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ESCAPE ROUTE. Fire Staircase Location, Placement Justification, Escape Route, Travel Distance

Level 2 (Classroom) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

ELEMENT NAME Furthest Point

Escape Direction

SYMB OL

TRAVEL DISTANCE ROUTE 1 (LEFT)

ROUTE 2 (RIGHT)

UBBL STANDARD (BASEMENT PARKING)

35m

22m

60m

43m

28m

60m

45m

35m

60m

23m

35m

60m

35m

33m

60m

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ESCAPE ROUTE. Fire Staircase Location, Placement Justification, Escape Route, Travel Distance

Level 14 (Hostel Lobby) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

ELEMENT NAME Furthest Point

Escape Direction

SYMB OL

TRAVEL DISTANCE ROUTE 1 (LEFT)

ROUTE 2 (RIGHT)

UBBL STANDARD (BASEMENT PARKING)

34m

19m

45m

45m

27m

45m

29m

17m

45m

22m

33m

45m

30m

33m

45m

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: ESCAPE ROUTE. Fire Staircase Location, Placement Justification, Escape Route, Travel Distance

Level 15 (Hostel) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

ELEMENT NAME Furthest Point

Escape Direction

SYMB OL

TRAVEL DISTANCE ROUTE 1 (LEFT)

ROUTE 2 (RIGHT)

UBBL STANDARD (BASEMENT PARKING)

34m

19m

45m

45m

27m

45m

29m

17m

45m

22m

33m

45m

30m

33m

45m

/VERTICAL PLANNING: FIRE SPREAD PREVENTION OVERVIEW. Considerations on Slab Compartments, False Ceiling Fire Retardancy, Beams & Smoke Exhausting.

Slab Compartments SYMBOLS

FIRE RATING MATERIAL

PLANNING CONSIDERATION

FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

4-hours Fire Rating

Level 1 to Roof Level slabs comply to UBBL requirements for the fire and as to be done for floors above Ground Level

Slabs thats cover the plinth are fully maximise GFA of the Level 1 to Level 20’ spaces.

Basement 3 to Ground Level slabs consist of voids as seen on the plan to allow stack removal of smoke

Slabs that contain voids suit the car park planning rather than artificial creating voids.

ELEMENT NAME

200mm thk. RC Floor Slab 150mm thk. Rc Floor Slab

2-hours Fire Rating

False Ceiling Fire Retardancy

SYMBOLS

ELEMENT NAME

FIRE RATING MATERIAL

FINISHES FIRE RETARDANCY

FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

GYPROC Fire Rated Ceiling System (50mm)

2-hours Fire Rating of Board

Gypsum board with Fire Resistive Coating

Provides additional vertical compartment while concealing ductwork within 900mm ceiling space

Beams Fire Retardancy SYMBOLS

ELEMENT NAME

FIRE RATING MATERIAL

FUNCTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

600mm thk. RC Beams

HENSOTHERM 820 KS extends duration of fire rating up to 240 minutes for RC Beams

Beams are concealed within the ceiling space

/VERTICAL PLANNING: FIRE SPREAD PREVENTION OVERVIEW. Considerations on Slab Compartments, False Ceiling Fire Retardancy, Beams & Smoke Exhausting.

South Sectional Elevation.

West Sectional Elevation.

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: FIRE SPREAD PREVENTION OVERVIEW. Considerations on Walls, Doors, Smoke Removal Path.

Level 1 (Shops) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

COMPARTMENTS NAME COMPARTMENT FIRE RATING MATERIAL

JUSTIFICATION (MINUTES)

Compartment Wall

200mm Thickness Reinforced Concrete Wall

240

Fire Rated Roller Shutter

W3200 x H4200 1.0mm thickness Zincalume AZ150 by BlueScope Steel (Motorised)

240

E120 Fire Door

2 layers of Reinforcement Fiberglass with Galvanised Steel Guide Rail

120

SYMBOL

NAME Vertical Removal of Smoke Vertical Mechanical Pressurisation against smoke Horizontal Removal of Smoke

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: FIRE SPREAD PREVENTION OVERVIEW. Considerations on Walls, Doors, Smoke Removal Path.

Lower Ground Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

COMPARTMENTS NAME COMPARTMENT FIRE RATING MATERIAL

JUSTIFICATION (MINUTES)

Compartment Wall

200mm Thickness Reinforced Concrete Wall

240

Fire Rated Roller Shutter

W3200 x H4200 1.0mm thickness Zincalume AZ150 by BlueScope Steel (Motorised)

240

E120 Fire Door

2 layers of Reinforcement Fiberglass with Galvanised Steel Guide Rail

120

SYMBOL

NAME Vertical Removal of Smoke Vertical Mechanical Pressurisation against smoke Horizontal Removal of Smoke

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: FIRE SPREAD PREVENTION OVERVIEW. Considerations on Walls, Doors, Smoke Removal Path.

Ground Level Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

COMPARTMENTS NAME COMPARTMENT FIRE RATING MATERIAL

JUSTIFICATION (MINUTES)

Compartment Wall

200mm Thickness Reinforced Concrete Wall

240

Fire Rated Roller Shutter

W3200 x H4200 1.0mm thickness Zincalume AZ150 by BlueScope Steel (Motorised)

240

E120 Fire Door

2 layers of Reinforcement Fiberglass with Galvanised Steel Guide Rail

120

SYMBOL

NAME Vertical Removal of Smoke Vertical Mechanical Pressurisation against smoke Horizontal Removal of Smoke

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: FIRE SPREAD PREVENTION OVERVIEW. Considerations on Walls, Doors, Smoke Removal Path.

Level 1 Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

COMPARTMENTS NAME COMPARTMENT FIRE RATING MATERIAL

JUSTIFICATION (MINUTES)

Compartment Wall

200mm Thickness Reinforced Concrete Wall

240

Fire Rated Roller Shutter

W3200 x H4200 1.0mm thickness Zincalume AZ150 by BlueScope Steel (Motorised)

240

E120 Fire Door

2 layers of Reinforcement Fiberglass with Galvanised Steel Guide Rail

120

SYMBOL

NAME Vertical Removal of Smoke Vertical Mechanical Pressurisation against smoke Horizontal Removal of Smoke

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: FIRE SPREAD PREVENTION OVERVIEW. Considerations on Walls, Doors, Smoke Removal Path.

Level 2 Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

COMPARTMENTS NAME COMPARTMENT FIRE RATING MATERIAL

JUSTIFICATION (MINUTES)

Compartment Wall

200mm Thickness Reinforced Concrete Wall

240

Fire Rated Roller Shutter

W3200 x H4200 1.0mm thickness Zincalume AZ150 by BlueScope Steel (Motorised)

240

E120 Fire Door

2 layers of Reinforcement Fiberglass with Galvanised Steel Guide Rail

120

SYMBOL

NAME Vertical Removal of Smoke Vertical Mechanical Pressurisation against smoke Horizontal Removal of Smoke

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: FIRE SPREAD PREVENTION OVERVIEW. Considerations on Walls, Doors, Smoke Removal Path.

Level 14 Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

COMPARTMENTS NAME COMPARTMENT FIRE RATING MATERIAL

JUSTIFICATION (MINUTES)

Compartment Wall

200mm Thickness Reinforced Concrete Wall

240

Fire Rated Roller Shutter

W3200 x H4200 1.0mm thickness Zincalume AZ150 by BlueScope Steel (Motorised)

240

E120 Fire Door

2 layers of Reinforcement Fiberglass with Galvanised Steel Guide Rail

120

SYMBOL

NAME Vertical Removal of Smoke Vertical Mechanical Pressurisation against smoke Horizontal Removal of Smoke

/HORIZONTAL PLANNING: FIRE SPREAD PREVENTION OVERVIEW. Considerations on Walls, Doors, Smoke Removal Path.

Level 15 Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

COMPARTMENTS NAME COMPARTMENT FIRE RATING MATERIAL

JUSTIFICATION (MINUTES)

Compartment Wall

200mm Thickness Reinforced Concrete Wall

240

Fire Rated Roller Shutter

W3200 x H4200 1.0mm thickness Zincalume AZ150 by BlueScope Steel (Motorised)

240

E120 Fire Door

2 layers of Reinforcement Fiberglass with Galvanised Steel Guide Rail

120

SYMBOL

NAME Vertical Removal of Smoke Vertical Mechanical Pressurisation against smoke Horizontal Removal of Smoke

/PASSIVE DETAIL: STAIRCASE & RAILING ERGONOMIC SAFETY Anthropometry considerations and running circulation considerations

Railing-Wall Gap: 85mm

Landing Width: 900mm (more than staircase width)

Railing Height: 1100mm

Staircase Width: 1075mm Fire Door Width: 1800mm (Fire Exit Sign for Legibility)

/PASSIVE DETAIL: STAIRCASE & RAILING MATERIAL SAFETY Material types and fire durability considerations

200mm RC Wall: 4 hours rated wall to prevent heat transfer to lobby and consequently staircase

Stainless Steel Railing: High strength and reflective surface minimises heat absorptance Micro Aggregate Finish Screed: very durable material that does not crack, anti-slip expose surface of floors to staircase finish

Precast RC Staircase Unit: High durability to fire,structural damage and etc

/PASSIVE DETAIL: STAIRCASE & RAILING ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY Climate and Situational considerations

Wall to block climate elements from affecting the stair: Minimise rain, glare and heat towards users escaping around the stairs.

Stair Ventilation: Allows to improve cross ventilation of staircase core.

Stair nosing and slant: To angle downwards slightly to prevent rainwater collection on the thread of the stairs and ensure flow downwards.

FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM /Active fire strategy.

1. WATER BASED EXTINGUISHER CIRCULATION ●

Table 1: Legend with Justification

●

South Elevation: Water Sources, Storage Elements, Connection Elements, Discharge Elements

●

West Elevation: Water Sources, Storage Elements, Connection Elements, Discharge Elements

2. IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FEATURES ●

Table 1: Legend with Justification

●

Floor Plans: Heat Detectors, Air/Smoke Detector, Audio & Visual Alarms, Occupant Portable Fire Extinguisher, Bomba Wet Riser, Bomba Hose Reel

3. AUTO RESPONSE FEATURES ●

Table 1: Legend with Justification

●

Floor Plans: Sprinkler

/WATER BASED EXTINGUISHER CIRCULATION. Water sources, Storage elements, Connections elements, Discharge elements.

SYMBOL

ELEMENT NAME Fire Protection Tank

Landing Valve

Sprinkle Water Pipe (water source from fire truck)

Sprinkle Water Pipe (water source from water tank)

Air Release Valve

Siamese Connection

Fire Fighting Shaft

Hose

/WATER BASED EXTINGUISHER CIRCULATION. Vertical Planning: Water sources, Storage elements, Connections elements, Discharge elements.

South Sectional Elevation.

West Sectional Elevation.

/IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FEATURES.

FCAP

Horizontal Planning: Heat Detectors, Air/Smoke Detector, Audio & Visual Alarms, Occupant Portable Fire Extinguisher, Bomba Wet Riser, Bomba Hose Reel .

Basement 1 Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

EX

NAME

SYMBOL

NAME

Heat Detector

FCAP

Founder Alarm Control Panel

Heat Detector( Explosion proof)

Sounder with Xenon Flasher

Table 1: Heat Detectors.

Manual Alarm Call Point Table 3: Audio & Visual Alarms

SYMBOL

NAME Smoke Detector Ceiling Mounted

Table 2: Air/Smoke Detectors.

SYMBOL

NAME Bomba Wet Riser( Landing Valve) Bomba Hose Reel

Table 4: Fire Extinguisher.

/IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FEATURES.

FCAP

Horizontal Planning: Heat Detectors, Air/Smoke Detector, Audio & Visual Alarms, Occupant Portable Fire Extinguisher, Bomba Wet Riser, Bomba Hose Reel .

Lower Ground Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

EX

NAME

SYMBOL

NAME

Heat Detector

FCAP

Founder Alarm Control Panel

Heat Detector( Explosion proof)

Sounder with Xenon Flasher

Table 1: Heat Detectors.

Manual Alarm Call Point Table 3: Audio & Visual Alarms

SYMBOL

NAME Smoke Detector Ceiling Mounted

Table 2: Air/Smoke Detectors.

SYMBOL

NAME Bomba Wet Riser( Landing Valve) Bomba Hose Reel

Table 4: Fire Extinguisher.

/IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FEATURES.

FCAP

Horizontal Planning: Heat Detectors, Air/Smoke Detector, Audio & Visual Alarms, Occupant Portable Fire Extinguisher, Bomba Wet Riser, Bomba Hose Reel .

Ground Level Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

EX

NAME

SYMBOL

NAME

Heat Detector

FCAP

Founder Alarm Control Panel

Heat Detector( Explosion proof)

Sounder with Xenon Flasher

Table 1: Heat Detectors.

Manual Alarm Call Point Table 3: Audio & Visual Alarms

SYMBOL

NAME Smoke Detector Ceiling Mounted

Table 2: Air/Smoke Detectors.

SYMBOL

NAME Bomba Wet Riser( Landing Valve) Bomba Hose Reel

Table 4: Fire Extinguisher.

/IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FEATURES.

FCAP

Horizontal Planning: Heat Detectors, Air/Smoke Detector, Audio & Visual Alarms, Occupant Portable Fire Extinguisher, Bomba Wet Riser, Bomba Hose Reel .

Level 1 (Shops) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

EX

NAME

SYMBOL

NAME

Heat Detector

FCAP

Founder Alarm Control Panel

Heat Detector( Explosion proof)

Sounder with Xenon Flasher

Table 1: Heat Detectors.

Manual Alarm Call Point Table 3: Audio & Visual Alarms

SYMBOL

NAME Smoke Detector Ceiling Mounted

Table 2: Air/Smoke Detectors.

SYMBOL

NAME Bomba Wet Riser( Landing Valve) Bomba Hose Reel

Table 4: Fire Extinguisher.

/IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FEATURES.

FCAP

Horizontal Planning: Heat Detectors, Air/Smoke Detector, Audio & Visual Alarms, Occupant Portable Fire Extinguisher, Bomba Wet Riser, Bomba Hose Reel .

Level 2 (Classroom) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

EX

NAME

SYMBOL

NAME

Heat Detector

FCAP

Founder Alarm Control Panel

Heat Detector( Explosion proof)

Sounder with Xenon Flasher

Table 1: Heat Detectors.

Manual Alarm Call Point Table 3: Audio & Visual Alarms

SYMBOL

NAME Smoke Detector Ceiling Mounted

Table 2: Air/Smoke Detectors.

SYMBOL

NAME Bomba Wet Riser( Landing Valve) Bomba Hose Reel

Table 4: Fire Extinguisher.

/IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FEATURES.

FCAP

Horizontal Planning: Heat Detectors, Air/Smoke Detector, Audio & Visual Alarms, Occupant Portable Fire Extinguisher, Bomba Wet Riser, Bomba Hose Reel .

Level 14 (Hostel Lobby) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

EX

NAME

SYMBOL

NAME

Heat Detector

FCAP

Founder Alarm Control Panel

Heat Detector( Explosion proof)

Sounder with Xenon Flasher

Table 1: Heat Detectors.

Manual Alarm Call Point Table 3: Audio & Visual Alarms

SYMBOL

NAME Smoke Detector Ceiling Mounted

Table 2: Air/Smoke Detectors.

SYMBOL

NAME Bomba Wet Riser( Landing Valve) Bomba Hose Reel

Table 4: Fire Extinguisher.

/IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FEATURES.

FCAP

Horizontal Planning: Heat Detectors, Air/Smoke Detector, Audio & Visual Alarms, Occupant Portable Fire Extinguisher, Bomba Wet Riser, Bomba Hose Reel .

Level 15 (Hostel) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

EX

NAME

SYMBOL

NAME

Heat Detector

FCAP

Founder Alarm Control Panel

Heat Detector( Explosion proof)

Sounder with Xenon Flasher

Table 1: Heat Detectors.

Manual Alarm Call Point Table 3: Audio & Visual Alarms

SYMBOL

NAME Smoke Detector Ceiling Mounted

Table 2: Air/Smoke Detectors.

SYMBOL

NAME Bomba Wet Riser( Landing Valve) Bomba Hose Reel

Table 4: Fire Extinguisher.

/AUTO RESPONSE FEATURES. Horizontal Planning: Auto Extinguisher (Sprinkler Planning) .

Basement 1 Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

Distance Between 2 Sprinkles = 4500mm

SUPPLY ELEMENTS’ NAME Dry Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Sprinkler Coverage area Dry Sprinkler Pipe Foam Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Foam Sprinkler Pipe

/AUTO RESPONSE FEATURES. Horizontal Planning: Auto Extinguisher (Sprinkler Planning) .

Lower Ground Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

Distance Between 2 Sprinkles = 4500mm

SUPPLY ELEMENTS’ NAME Dry Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Sprinkler Coverage area Dry Sprinkler Pipe Foam Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Foam Sprinkler Pipe

/AUTO RESPONSE FEATURES. Horizontal Planning: Auto Extinguisher (Sprinkler Planning) .

Ground Level Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

Distance Between 2 Sprinkles = 4500mm

SUPPLY ELEMENTS’ NAME Dry Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Sprinkler Coverage area Dry Sprinkler Pipe Foam Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Foam Sprinkler Pipe

/AUTO RESPONSE FEATURES. Horizontal Planning: Auto Extinguisher (Sprinkler Planning) .

Level 1 (Shops) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

Distance Between 2 Sprinkles = 4500mm

SUPPLY ELEMENTS’ NAME Dry Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Sprinkler Coverage area Dry Sprinkler Pipe Foam Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Foam Sprinkler Pipe

/AUTO RESPONSE FEATURES. Horizontal Planning: Auto Extinguisher (Sprinkler Planning) .

Level 2 (Classroom) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

Distance Between 2 Sprinkles = 4500mm

SUPPLY ELEMENTS’ NAME Dry Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Sprinkler Coverage area Dry Sprinkler Pipe Foam Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Foam Sprinkler Pipe

/AUTO RESPONSE FEATURES. Horizontal Planning: Auto Extinguisher (Sprinkler Planning) .

Level 14 (Hostel Lobby) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

SUPPLY ELEMENTS’ NAME Dry Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Sprinkler Coverage area Dry Sprinkler Pipe Foam Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Foam Sprinkler Pipe

Distance Between 2 Sprinkles = 4500mm

/AUTO RESPONSE FEATURES. Horizontal Planning: Auto Extinguisher (Sprinkler Planning)

Level 15 (Hostel) Floor Plan.

SYMBOL

Distance Between 2 Sprinkles = 4500mm

SUPPLY ELEMENTS’ NAME Dry Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Sprinkler Coverage area Dry Sprinkler Pipe Foam Pipe Commercial Sprinkler Foam Sprinkler Pipe

MECHANICAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

MECHANICAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM 1. ● ●

LOCATION OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS Sectional Axono of System Building Occupancy

2. ● ● ● ●

VERTICAL PLANNING & CIRCULATION User Circulation Access User Transportation on Daily Analysis Number of Lifts Required Lift Zoning

3. ●

HORIZONTAL/VERTICAL PLANNING OVERVIEW Operation of Lifts ○ Public ○ Hostel [Accomodation] ○ Bomba

4.

DETAIL SECTION OF LIFT TRACTION SYSTEM CONNECTION TO MACHINE ROOM Motor Room Components Lift Car Components

● ●

5. ● ●

HORIZONTAL PLANNING FOR PERFORMANCE Lift Lobby & Features Lift User Experience ○ Lift Performance ○ Travel Distance

6. IN CONJUNCTION TO FIRE SAFETY EFFECTIVENESS ● ● ●

UBBL Requirements Lobby & Lift Design Considerations External Features & Specifications

1.

LOCATION OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS

Building Occupancy

Zoning on Floor Types

Symbol

Axonometric Diagram

Floor Name

Main Spaces

by Floor

8AM Population by Floor

B3-GL

285 Basement Carpark Bays

2x285 bays = 570pax HIGH

1x285 bays = 285pax MEDIUM

2x285 bays = 570pax HIGH

L1

Shoplots & eateries

10x13 bays = 130pax LOW

20x13 bays = 260pax HIGH

10x13 bays = 130pax LOW

-

L2-L13

Lecture & classrooms

25x15 baysx12 floors = 4500pax HIGH

15x15 baysx12 floors = 1800pax MEDIUM

25x15 baysx12 floors = 4500pax HIGH

-

L14L20

Hostel Accomodation Rooms & Lounge Areas

15x 7 floors = 105pax LOW

15x 7 floors = 105pax LOW

15x 7 floors = 105pax LOW

30x7 floors = 210pax HIGH

Roof Level

Services

B3 Roof Level

Total Building Spaces (nett)

12PM Population by Floor

5PM Population by Floor

9PM Ppoulation by Floor

-

-

-

-

-

Approx 5200pax (high transport needed)

Approx 2500pax (reduced approximate as high temporary mobility)

Approx 5200pax (high transport needed)

Approx 230pax (low transfer needed)

Time Based Spatial Population Assumption Analysis: B3-GL : 285 Basement Carpark bays L1 : 13 Shoplot bays (Approximately 15pax/bay) L2-L13 : Classrooms & Lecture bays (approximately 25 pax/bay) by floor L14 : 8 hostel rooms consisting of single & double twin rooms (Approx 30pax) L15-L20 : Combination of single & double twin rooms 9 (Approx 30pax/floor)

2.

VERTICAL PLANNING & CIRCULATION

Determining Number of Lifts Needed on Vertical Route

8AM Travel

8AM total pax/hour (approximate)

12PM Travel

12PM total pax/hour

5PM Travel

5PM total pax/hour

Legend Symbol

Explanation

-

B3-L13 Users travel from Carpark to Classrooms

400-700 = 4 LIFTS NEEDED

L13-L1 Users travel from lecture to shops

300-400 = 2 LIFTS NEEDED

L13-B3 Users travel from lecture to carpark

Legend Symbol

Explanation

TOTAL Transfer Needs

400-600 = 3 LIFTS NEEDED

-

L20-L2 Users travel from hostel to lecture

400-600 = 3 LIFTS NEEDED

Approx 5200pax

7 LIFTS NEEDED

L13-B3 Users travel from lecture to carpark

Approx 2500pax

300-400 = 2 LIFTS NEEDED

4 LIFTS NEEDED

L2-L20 Users travel from lecture to hostel

Approx 5200pax

400-600 = 3 LIFTS NEEDED

6 LIFTS NEEDED

Summary of assumptions of maximum number of lifts needed are done based on time based analysis of total number of passengers per hour.

Calculation of maximum needs on average has accumulated to a total of 7 lifts in need.

Note: Total lifts were assumed of 200 passengers/lift)

Determining number of users based on the number of rooms & occupants (floor based).

2.

VERTICAL PLANNING & CIRCULATION Users Vertical Mode of Movement (Lift Route)

Long Sectional Diagram (Refer legend on previous page)

Short Sectional Diagram (Refer legend on previous page)

2.

Malaysian Standards

VERTICAL PLANNING & CIRCULATION

61 diameter coverage for multiple lifts to service its users who preferably choose lifts placed at end or centre depending on the users location, destination & permittance (keycard access).

Lift Zoning, Type & Handling Capacity

L1 Shoplot Diagram

Legend

Lift Type

Lift Quantity

Placement

Car Size

Handling Capacity (Peak Period)

Justification

Passenger Lift

5

Side & Central

2.2m x 2.6m

12-13 pax

Passenger lifts are grouped and placed centrally for ease of access.

BOMBA Lift

2

Side

2.5m x 3.0m

18-20 pax

FIre lifts placed at end of corners & are near exits to guide to get to safety (assembly points).

Lift Zonings

B3-L20 Side Lifts (Passenger & Bomba Lifts) L1-L20 Central Lifts (Passenger Lifts)

3. HORIZONTAL/VERTICAL PLANNING OVERVIEW Operation of lifts PUBLIC VERTICAL TO HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT

Long Sectional Diagram

3. HORIZONTAL/VERTICAL PLANNING OVERVIEW

Malaysian Standards 61 diameter coverage for multiple lifts to service its users who preferably choose lifts placed at end or centre depending on the users location, destination & permittance (keycard access).

L2-L13 Classroom Diagram

Symbol

User Types

Common User Route Path

Preferred Use of Lift

Non residents

From Ground Floor main shoplots area to classrooms upon arrival to Block.

Residents

Higher number of lifts allow residents to transport to classroom at a faster pace.

Central Placed Lifts

Users from Basement

Direct access from basement carpark levels to classroom upon parking made.

Side Lifts

Central Placed Lifts

User to Transport Considerations

Entry for users to be centrally placed as all rooms are close by.

Residents avoiding peak hour traffic may take side lifts instead to be brought directly to basement without changing lifts. Giving options to residents.

Bomba lifts as alternative to bigger lifts to accommodate more occupants from basement to upper floors.

3. HORIZONTAL PLANNING OVERVIEW Operation of lifts HOSTEL (RESIDENTS) VERTICAL TO HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT

Heavy use of side placed lifts for further & longer transport.

Parked residents may have direct access from basement carpark to hostel.

Long Sectional Diagram

Malaysian Standards

3. HORIZONTAL PLANNING OVERVIEW

61 diameter coverage for multiple lifts to service its users who preferably choose lifts placed at end or centre depending on the users location, destination & permittance (keycard access).

L14-L20 Hostel Accomodation Diagram

Symbol

User Types

Common User Route Path

Preferred Use of Lift

Residents

Residents from L1 Shoplots & L2-L13 Classrooms.

Both

Service Attendants

Cleaning or air conditioning service attendants to get to servicing/maintenance required areas.

Central Placed Lifts

Residents from Basement

LG, GL & B1-B3 Basement carpark transport residents directly to hostel with card access.

Side Lifts

User to Transport Considerations

Lifts becomes commercial lifts. Depending during the day, heavy traffic allow residents to transport in a quicker pace by having options on all lifts with key card feature available.

Residents avoiding peak hour traffic may take side lifts instead to be brought directly to basement without changing lifts. Giving options to residents.

Side lifts with card system feature for ensuring residents’ safety.

3. HORIZONTAL PLANNING OVERVIEW

Operation of lifts

BOMBA VERTICAL TO HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT

Long Sectional Diagram

Malaysian Standards

3. HORIZONTAL PLANNING OVERVIEW

61 diameter coverage for multiple lifts to service its users who preferably choose lifts placed at end or centre depending on the users location, destination & permittance (keycard access).

L14 Hostel Management Diagram L14 Hostel Management Diagram

Symbol

User & Situations

Firefighters to Occupants

Common User Route Path

Utilize BOMBA lifts to evacuate occupants.

Preferred Use of Lift

BOMBA Side Lifts only

User to Transport Considerations

Side placed lifts are nearer to building exits & evacuation for safety.

Malaysian Standards

3. HORIZONTAL PLANNING OVERVIEW

61 diameter coverage for multiple lifts to service its users who preferably choose lifts placed at end or centre depending on the users location, destination & permittance (keycard access).

L21 Roof Level

Symbol

User & Situations

Firefighters to Fire Occurrence

Common User Route Path

Utilize BOMBA lifts to put off fire.

Preferred Use of Lift

BOMBA Side Lifts to connecting Fire Staircase

User to Transport Considerations

Fire staircase connecting to L21 roof level as lift stops on L20 Hostel Level. Prevention of occupants to access to Roof level.

4. DETAIL SECTION OF LIFT TRACTION SYSTEM CONNECTION TO MACHINE ROOM LIFT TYPE: Traction with Machine Room

Motor Room Components Control Panel Cabinet & Control Board

Hoisting Motor

Functionality

Houses electrical components large sized control panels cabinets located beside gearless traction motors for ease of maintenance. ● ●

● ●

Driving Sheave

●

● ●

Governor

Lift Car Components

-

Main component is moving lift cabin An electrical motor directly connected to the driving sheave & brake Use of cable ropes.

Motor driving sheaves and governors are secured in a steel cage to prevent accidents.

Component that provides supprt and grips the cable rope Acts as the fulcrum to lift pulley system Lift cabin ascends/descends when driving sheave is rotated.

A stopping mechanism of an elevator device just in case elevator beyond the specified speed.

Functionality

Car Ceiling with Trap Door

Maintenance work for car-top repair work accessibility.

Safety Top Balustrade

Safety purposes during maintenance work.

Cap Rollers

Aiding lift car vertical movement in conjunction to the rotation of driving sheave.

4. DETAIL SECTION OF LIFT TRACTION SYSTEM CONNECTION TO MACHINE ROOM LIFT TYPE: Traction with Machine Room

Lift Core Components

Functionality

Travelling Cable

Element to transfer movement of hoisting shevae to the cap rollers.

Counterweights

Counterweight balances lift car and load and smoothens ride, making lifting load easier.

Roller Guides Steel track for safe & precise movement of lift car.

Lift Pit Components

Functionality

Counterweight Buffer

Placed at the bottom of lift, a ‘stopper’ of preventing counterweight from traveling past base of lift shaft.

Lift Car Buffer

Safety component on preventing lift car from travelling past base of lift shaft.

Cab Rollers

Aiding lift car vertical movement in conjunction to the rotation of driving sheave.

4. DETAIL SECTION OF LIFT TRACTION SYSTEM CONNECTION TO MACHINE ROOM DETAILS: Traction System

Symbol

Components Chosen System Type = Gearless Traction Lift System

Justification ● ●

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Motor Room Placement/Location = Roof Level (L21)

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(Referenced Diagram)

AC or DC motor used.

Counterweight ○ offsets the weight of cabin & passengers of lift, thus reducing strain on lift motos, making it more efficient Connected directly to dirving sheave, ○ system does not consist of any gears ○ Leads to a faster travels peed & more powerful motor To accommodate the increased weight & stress of motor & lift cabins Floor slab or motor room has increased reinforcement & thickness

4. DETAIL SECTION OF LIFT TRACTION SYSTEM CONNECTION TO MACHINE ROOM INTRODUCTION - HOW IT WORKS & LIFT TYPE

HOW IT WORKS. Hosting ropes are connected to the top of the elevator cabin and surrounded around the drive sheave for motion. The other end of the rope is connected to a counterweight for providing balance and stability to a mechanical system.

This type of elevator can be used for tall building designs.

Uniform Building By-Laws 1984 Part V1: Constructional Requirements Clause 124: Lifts For all non residential buildings exceeding 4 storeys above or below the main access level at least one lift must be provided.

GEARLESS TRACTION WITH MACHINE ROOM WHY CHOOSE GEARLESS TRACTION WITH MACHINE ROOM?

Justification

Wheel Attached.

Wheels are attached directly to motor.

Costing.

Suitability for high rise buildings.

High travel speed for for larger capacity at one time.

Variety of advantages.

Initial cost is high but with medium maintenance costs. Energy usage is efficiently used compared to geared traction lift systems.

High travel distance of 600m.

Travel speed reaches up to 600m/minute or 2.54m/second. ● ● ● ●

Superior efficiency Quietness Durability Le-ss maintainance required

5. HORIZONTAL PLANNING FOR PERFORMANCE & USER EXPERIENCE

Long Sectional Elevation Diagram (Refer legend on next page)

Short Sectional Elevation Diagram (Refer legend on next page)

Uniform Building By-Laws 153

5. HORIZONTAL PLANNING FOR PERFORMANCE & USER EXPERIENCE

Smoke detector to be provided at lift lobbies.

Lift Car Type Design

Legend

Car Type Name

Lift Model Reference

Ergonomics Considerations

Aesthetic Considerations ●

Passenger Lift Mitsubishi NEXIER-MR (Residential/ Commercial Use)

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BOMBA Lift Mitsubishi NEXIEZ-MR (BOMBA/Residenti al/Commercial Use)

Car operating panel at the height of 900m from floor.

Braille for the disabled.

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Larger car size suitable for service transport.

User friendly

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LED indicators for high visibility of board panel Smooth aluminium finish & reflective mirrors

Car operating panel provided with LED indicators Display & signal features

Comfort Considerations

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Energy efficient use of light & internal fan

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Energy efficient light & fan.

Motion sensors on door opening for safe boarding.

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Additional Features & Considerations

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Key card system to residential access to hostel

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Railings are up to 900mm in height.

Lift Lobby Design

Legend

Car Type Name

Lift Model Reference

Ergonomics Considerations ●

Natural Ventilated Lobby 1

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Natural Ventilated Lobby 2

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Natural Ventilated Lobby 3

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Lift lobby size 7800 x 5800mm Lift buttons are at 900mm from floor

Lift lobby size 6000 x 8350mm Lift buttons are at 900mm from floor

Lift lobby 5500 x 5800mm Lift buttons are at 900mm from floor

Aesthetic Considerations

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●

Comfort Considerations ●

Natural ventilation with window channels for passing air.

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Natural ventilation with window channels for passing air.

Larger lobby area to accommodate higher traffic.

Bare concrete finishing

Bare concrete finishing

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Bare concrete finishing

Natural ventilation with window channels for passing air.

Additional Features & Considerations ●

Smoke detector & sprinkler system for fire protection.

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Smoke detector & sprinkler system for fire protection.

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Smoke detector & sprinkler system for fire protection.

5. HORIZONTAL PLANNING FOR PERFORMANCE 6. IN CONJUNCTION TO FIRE SAFETY EFFECTIVENESS Planning/Guides Requirements Lift Lobby Lift Core, BOMBA

Cat ego ry

Lift Car

Guide to Fire Protection in Malaysia (16.2.8-16.2.10) Requirements

Application on Considerations

Lift lobby area is twice the depth of car

Lift lobby is is 5500mm whilst lift car is in 2500m depth

Minimum load for fire lift is 550kg

Maximum lift capacity is 1360kg

Minimum fire lift door clearing of 800mm

Fire lift door clearing of 1800mm

Lift lobby area should have a floor area of no less than 5.7m2.

Lift lobby area is 33.6m2.

Fire lift car to cover total travel distance in under 1 minute.

Fire lift car travels 2.5m/s.

Active Design System Cat ego ry

Lobby Area Size: 5500x 5800mm

Active Fire Response Measures

Lift lobbies are to be equipped with smoke detectors, UBBL By Law 153 with keyless power switch to be designated on fire floor, installed adjacent to the lift opening.

Smoke Detector

Designated FIre Floor Designated Fire Floor Level 1 - Shoplots

Application on Considerations

Reason

Designated fire floor is at Level 1 where all lifts can be accessed occupants be transported out to safety open area.

All fire lifts return in sequence directly to designated floors commencing with fire lifts without landing calls.

Illumination for emergency lights are to be activated in fire lifts during power failure.

Keyless power swtich

Fire lifts will fully operate during Fire Mode Operation to response to fire lift switch operations.

Fire lifts Mitsubishi has 8W Fluorescent lighting & ability to last for minimum of 3 hours.

UBBL BUILDING BY LAWS FOR MECHANICAL TRANSPORTATION (COMPILATION)

UBBL 124 For all non-residential buildings more than 4-storeys above the main access level at least one lift shall be provided.

UBBL 151 ‘VENTILATION FOR SHAFTS’ 1. Every opening in a lift shaft or lift entrance shall open into a protected lobby unless other suitable means of protection to the opening to the satisfaction of the local authority is provided. These requirements shall not apply to open type industrial and other special buildings as may be approved by D.G.F.S. 2. Landing doors shall have an FRP of not less than half the FRP of the hoist way structure with a minimum FRP of half hour.

UBBL 153 ‘SMOKE DETECTORS FOR LIFT LOBBIES’ 1. All lift lobbies shall be provided with smoke detectors.

2. Lift not opening in a soke lobby shall not use door opening devices controlled by light beam or photo-detector unless incorporated with a force close feature which after 30 seconds of any interruption of the beam causes the door to close within a present time.

UBBL 154 ‘EMERGENCY MODE OF OPERATION IN THE EVENT OF MAINS POWER FAILURE’ 1. On failure of mains power of lifts shall return in sequence directly to the designated floor, commencing with the fire lifts, without answering any car or landing calls and park with door open.

2. After all lifts are packed, the lifts on emergency power shall resume after normal operation. Provide that where sufficient emergency power is available for operation of all lifts, this mode of operation needs to apply.

UBBL 155 ‘FIRE MODE OF OPERATIONS’ 1. The fire mode of operation shall be initiated by a signal from fire alarm panel which may be activated automatically be one of the alarm devices in building or manually.

2. Fire lifts shall then be available for use by fire brigade on operation of the firemen’s switch. (Fire control) 3.

Under this mode of operation, the fire lifts shall only operate in response to car cells but not to landing calls in a mode of operation in accordance with by law 154.

4. In the events of main power failure, all lifts shall return in sequence directly to the designated floor, commencing with fire firs, without answering any car or landing calls, overriding the emergency stop button inside the car, but not any other emergency or safety devices and park with doors open.

REFERENCES Mechanical Ventilation 1. Linquip team. (2020, October 27). Mechanical Ventilation System, Types, Advantages and Disadvantages. Retrieved from https://www.linquip.com/blog/mechanical-ventilation-system/.

2. Ismail, M.R. (2009, March 17).

Mechanical Ventilation.

Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/arkam_slideshare/mechanical-ventilation 3. Greeno, R. (2015). Building Services, Technology & Design. Published by : Routledge.

Air Conditioning System 1. Sisson, P. (2017, May 9). How Air Conditioning Shaped Modern Architecture & Changed Our Climate. Retrieved from https://archive.curbed.com/2017/5/9/15583550/air-conditioning-architecture-skyscraper-wright-lever-house.

2. Chaudhry, H.N. (2016, May 5). The Role of Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning. Retrieved from https://www.sustainable-buildings-journal.org/articles/sbuild/full_html/2016/01/sbuild160009/sbuild160009.html.

3. Rigamonti, D. (2014, October 23). Air Conditioning. Retrieved from https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Air_conditioning.

Fire Protection System 1. Nieminen, R. (2008, April 1).

The Basics of Passive Fire Protection.

Retrieved from https://www.buildings.com/articles/34692/basics-passive-fire-protection#:~:text=Fire%20barriers%2C%20firewalls%2C%20fire%2 0partitions,building%20and%20allow%20safe%20egress.

2. Mein, S. (2019, June 13).

What is a Fire Protection System?.

Retrieved from https://www.firetrace.com/fire-protection-blog/what-is-a-fire-protection-system.

3. Sutton, I. (2017). Active Fire Protection. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/active-fire-protection.

Mechanical Transportation System 1. Srivastav, A. (2019, September 19).

Mechanical transportation system in building.

Retrieved https://www.slideshare.net/arabhinavknp/mechanical-transportation-system-in-building-expert-lecture-on-19092019.

2. Mohd Puzi, N.S. (n.d).

Transportation Systems in Buildings.

Retrieved https://www.academia.edu/7580505/TRANSPORTATION_SYSTEMS_IN_BUILDINGS. 3. Lim, F.S. (2014, December 24).

Mechanical Transportation.

Retrieved https://issuu.com/limfousing/docs/mechanical_transportation

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