JESSICA THESIS REPORT by Jessica Raj S

ATHESISREPORT

Submitted by JESSICA RAJ S (311719251017) in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE

ANNAUNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 600 025

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “REDEFINING MULTI-MODAL URBAN

CONNECTIVITY: REVITALIZATION OF EGMORE STATION

PRECINCT” is the bonafide work of “JESSICA RAJ S” who carried out the project work under my supervision.

AR. SHILPA DAS

PROF. VANDANA BALAKRISHNAN THESIS SUPERVISOR THESIS INTERNAL COORDINATOR

PROF. VANDANA BALAKRISHNAN HEAD OF DEPARTMENT(Academic)

EXTERNAL EXAMINER 1

DR. RANEE VEDAMUTHU DIRECTOR

EXTERNAL EXAMINER 2

ABSTRACT

This Architectural Thesis project endeavours to reimagine the Egmore railway station precinct in Chennai as a vibrant cultural and heritage centre, celebrating the rich history and significance of railway transportation in the region. Spanning across 75 acres, the proposed redevelopment aims to seamlessly integrate various modes of transit while fostering a sense of community and cultural identity.

The design envisions the transformation of the existing railway station into a dynamic hub that not only facilitates efficient transportation but also serves as a destination for leisure, commerce, and cultural exchange. Central to the concept is the establishment of two additional railwaystationsalongPoonamalleeHighRoadandGandhiIrwinRoad,strategicallypositioned to enhance connectivity and accessibility within the precinct.

Commercial and retail spaces are strategically integrated into the fabric of the precinct, offering opportunities for economic growth and revitalization. Moreover, the design prioritizes the creation of open and inviting public spaces that encourage social interaction and engagement. These spaces will showcase the connectivity between different modes of transit while providing recreational amenities for visitors and residents alike.

The proposed redevelopment of the Egmore station precinct not only seeks to enhance connectivity and accessibility but also to address the evolving needs and aspirations of the surrounding communities. By integrating green spaces, pedestrian-friendly pathways, and sustainable design practices, the project aspires to create a holistic environment that promotes health and well-being. These elements will not only contribute to the aesthetic appeal of the precinct but also foster a sense of environmental stewardship among its users.

At its core, this project aims to redefine the Egmore station precinct as a pulsating nucleus of urban life, where diverse communities converge and thrive. By embracing the principles of transit-oriented development and placemaking, the proposed design seeks to cultivate a vibrant and inclusive urban environment that stimulates social interaction, cultural exchange, and economic vitality.

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1.

Why Egmore Railway station precinct?

The selection of Egmore Railway Station as the subject for my B.Arch thesis project stems from a deeply rooted passion for urban revitalization and cultural heritage preservation. Egmore Railway Station, with its rich historical significance and strategic location as a major transportation hub in Chennai, presents a compelling canvas for architectural exploration and intervention.

Firstly, the station's sprawling 75-acre precinct offers a vast canvas for architectural experimentation and innovation, providing ample scope to address diverse urban challenges and opportunities. Moreover, Egmore's status as a critical node in Chennai's transit network underscores its pivotal role in shaping the city's socio-economic landscape.

Furthermore, the choice of Egmore Railway Station aligns with my academic interests in transit-oriented development and placemaking, two pivotal concepts in contemporary urban design. By leveraging these principles, I seek to create a holistic and sustainable urban environment that fosters connectivity, community engagement, and economic vitality. Additionally, the station's proximity to key urban landmarks and neighborhoods presents an opportunity to catalyze positive spillover effects, revitalizing surrounding areas and fostering a sense of urban renewal.

Ultimately, my decision to embark on this thesis journey with Egmore Railway Station reflects a commitment to creating meaningful architectural interventions that not only address present-day urban challenges but also honor the rich heritage and cultural identity of Chennai. Through this project, I aspire to contribute to the discourse on urban regeneration and shape a more inclusive and vibrant built environment for future generations to enjoy.

1.2. Introduction to Chennai Egmore Railway Station

Chennai Egmore Railway Station, located in the bustling city of Tamil Nadu, is an emblem of historical significance and modern convenience. This railway station, nestled in the heart of Egmore, not only serves as a pivotal transportation hub for Chennai but also holds a prominent place in the rich tapestry of India's railway heritage. With its blend of colonial architecture, strategic location, and comprehensive facilities, Chennai Egmore Railway Station plays a vital role in facilitating both local commuter traffic and long-distance travel across southern India. Steeped in the echoes of its colonial past, this iconic railway terminus serves as a gateway to the cultural and commercial heart of southern India.

Revitalization of Egmore Station Precinct

1.2.1. History

In the mid-19th century, as British colonial rule prevailed in India, the significance of a wellfunctioning transportation infrastructure became increasingly apparent. The South Indian Railway Company, founded in 1853, played a pivotal role in the expansion of the railway network throughout southern India. In pursuit of its ambitious objectives to interlink important cities and regions, the company embarked on the construction of numerous railway stations, among which was the notable Egmore station.

Chennai Egmore Railway Station traces its origins back to this era of rapid railway expansion. Originally known as "Egmore Station," it was inaugurated in 1908 to serve as a terminus for the South Indian Railway Company's operations in the region. The station's strategic location in Egmore, a prominent neighborhood in Chennai, positioned it as a vital link in the burgeoning railway network, facilitating the movement of passengers and goods between Chennai and other parts of the country.

Revitalization of Egmore Station Precinct

TheconstructionofChennai EgmoreRailwayStation showcases the colonial aestheticthatwas prominentduringitstime.Withitsimpressivefacades,archedentrances,andintricatedetailing, the station serves as a testament to the magnificent influence of British architecture in India. Throughout the years, the station has undergone renovations and modernizations to cater to the evolving requirements of travelers, all while maintaining its historical allure.

Throughout its history, Chennai Egmore Railway Station has witnessed significant milestones and events that have shaped its identity. From serving as a crucial transportation hub during India's struggle for independence to facilitating economic growth and urban development in post-independence India, thestationhasplayedamultifacetedroleinthesocioeconomic fabric of Chennai and beyond.

Revitalization of Egmore Station Precinct

1.2.2. LocationAnd Accessibility

The strategic location and accessibility of Chennai Egmore Railway Station make it a pivotal transportation hub within the city of Chennai, and the broader region of southern India.

Strategic Location

Situated in the heart of Egmore, one of Chennai's oldest and most prominent neighborhoods, the Chennai Egmore Railway Station benefits from its central location. This prim e position places it in close proximity to key commercial, cultural, and administrative centers, making it a convenient point of entry for both local and out-of-town travelers.

Furthermore, the strategic location of Egmore positions the railway station as a gateway to various destinations across Tamil Nadu and neighboring states. Its connectivity to major highways and arterial roads allows for seamless integration with other modes of transportation, such as buses, taxis, and auto-rickshaws, further enhancing its accessibility.

Accessibility

The Chennai Egmore Railway Station is easily accessible through multiple modes of transportation, ensuring convenient connectivity for passengers arriving from different parts of Chennai and beyond.\

Revitalization of Egmore Station Precinct

➢ RoadAccess:

The station is well-connected to the city's road network, with major roads and highways providing direct access to its premises. Whether arriving by private vehicle, taxi, or bus, passengers can easily reach the station without any inconvenience.

➢ Public Transport:

An extensive network of public transportation options, including buses and metro trains, serves the Chennai Egmore Railway Station. Local buses and metro services offer affordable and efficient means of reaching the station from various parts of the city, catering to the needs of both daily commuters and travellers.

➢ Airport Connectivity:

Chennai International Airport, located approximately 20 kilometres away, provides air travellers with a convenient link to the Chennai Egmore Railway Station. Taxi services, airport shuttles, and app-based ride-hailing services ensure seamless connectivity between the airport and the railway station, facilitating smooth transitions for passengers.

1.2.3. Role as a Transport Hub

Chennai Egmore Railway Station serves as a vital transportation hub, facilitating the smooth movement of passengers and goods within Chennai and throughout southern India. Its importance can be attributed to several key factors:

➢ Connectivity:

As a major railway junction, Egmore Station acts as a crucial link connecting Chennai with various destinations inTamil Nadu and neighboring states. It serves as a terminus for numerous suburban and longdistance trains, providing connectivity to cities like Madurai, Coimbatore, Bangalore, Hyderabad, and beyond.

➢ Integration of Multiple Modes of Transportation:

Egmore Station seamlessly integrates with other modes of transportation, including buses, taxis, and auto-rickshaws. Its strategic location within Chennai ensures easy access to major roads and highways, facilitating onward travel for passengers arriving at or departing from the station.

➢ Transfer Point:

The station serves as a transfer point for passengers traveling between different railway lines and routes. With multiple platforms and tracks, Egmore Station efficiently manages train movements, allowing for smooth transfers and minimizing transit times for passengers.

➢ Cargo Handling:

Apart from passenger services, Egmore Station also handles a significant volume of freight and cargo traffic. Its facilities for cargo handling and warehousing support the transportation of goods, contributing to the economic activity and trade networks of the region.

➢ Regional Connectivity:

Egmore Station plays a crucial role in enhancing regional connectivity and promoting economic development across southern India. By providing access to key commercial, industrial, and tourist destinations, the station facilitates business activities, tourism, and cultural exchange between different regions.

➢ Logistical Support:

Revitalization of Egmore Station Precinct

The station provides logistical support for various sectors, including tourism, hospitality, and commerce. Its proximity to hotels, restaurants, and commercial establishments makes it a convenient gateway for travellers visiting Chennai.

2. LITERATURE STUDY

2.1 Platform Type

2.1.1 Centre Platforms

Centre Platform (Plan)

Centre Platform (Section)

2.1.2. Side Platform Plan

Side Platform (Section)

2.1.3. Split-Level Platform Stations

Split-Level Platform (Section)

2.1.4. Stub Terminal Stations

Stub Terminal Platform Plan (e.g., Chattrapati Shivaji Terminus, Mumbai: suburban platforms)

2.1.5. Flow-Through Platforms

Flow-Through Platform Plan

Flow-Through Platform Section

3. CASE STUDY

3.1. COMPARATIVEANALYSIS OF NET CASE STUDY

Components Taken into Consideration

Mixed-Use Transportation Hub

Urban Design

SITE STUDY

LOCATION

MODES OF TRANSPORTATION

HOW DOES THE STATIONS ACTS AS A SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE?

VADODARA BUS STATION MARINE GATEWAY, CANADA

Gujarat, India

City bus, Intercity buses, regional buses, trains, autorickshaws, taxis, and private vehicles

The bus stand serves as a meeting point and social hub for residents from diverse backgrounds.

It becomes a microcosm of the city's cultural tapestry, fostering cross-cultural encounters stand serves as a forum for information exchange, dialogue, and storytelling.

It serves as a gateway to economic mobility and social advancement for many individuals and families.and understanding.

The bus

IMAGES FOR THE ABOVE

Accessibility

Universal Accessibility

Mall area connected to bus station helps people to axis it while they are waiting

Vancouver, Canada

Metro, bus and private vehicles

Public Plaza and Gathering Spaces

Transit Accessibility

Inclusive Design and Accessibility

Retail and Dining Diversity

POSITIVE IMPACTS

Separate entry and exit for bus and public

Cultural exchange

Public services

Encourages sustainable transportation habits by promoting the use of public transit and active modes of transportation.

Offers a mix of residential, commercial, retail, and recreational amenities, creating a vibrant urban environment and enhancing the quality of life for residents.

Contributes to the revitalization of the surrounding area, attracting investment, increasing property values, and spurring economic growth.

Provides public spaces and amenities

Revitalization of Egmore Station Precinct

The dormitory, guest rooms and first-class waiting area is not accessible for physically challenged

NEGATIVE IMPACTS

PERCENTAGE OF SPACES

A few areas are not ventilated properly.

Does not have a fuel filling station.

Gentrification: Displacing lowerincome residents and altering the social fabric of the neighbourhood.

Loss of Affordability

Commercialization: Displace small businesses and local establishments, reducing diversity and character within the community.

ATOCHA STATION

KING'S CROSS STATION

LOCATION MADRID LONDON

AREA 18 HECTARES 27 HECTARES

Public Art Installations

Cultural Exhibitions and Events

HOW ARE THE STATIONS MADE INTERACTIVE AND A SOCIO-CULTURAL NODE?

Tropical Garden: The iconic tropical garden within Atocha Station's central hall creates a unique and interactive environment for passengers and visitors.

Retail and Dining

Community Space

Information and Technology: Interactive displays, digital signage, and information kiosks

Accessibility and Inclusivity

Atocha Station in Madrid is not just a transportation hub but a multifaceted socio-cultural node that embodies the essence of the city.

Public Art Installations

Historical Preservation and Heritage

Retail and Dining

Community Space

Information and Technology

Green Spaces and Sustainability

Cultural Events and Festivals

INFERENCE

The integration of art, nature, and technology within the station creates an immersive and interactive environment that fosters creativity, relaxation, and social interaction.

The iconic tropical garden, vibrant cultural events, and diverse retail and dining options contribute to Atocha Station's status as a dynamic urban space where people come together to connect, explore, and experience the richness of Madrid's cultural heritage.

King Cross is been transformed from once inaccessible and unused industrial land to vibrant mixed-use development.

With the development of this urban area, it transformed and improved the life around it.

Commercial development taking the lead helped in boosting the economy of the city while working closely and accommodating the lives and needs of the local communities.

Revitalization of Egmore Station Precinct

SECTIONS AND VIEWS

PERCENTAGE OF SPACES

3.2. COMPARATIVEAREASTUDYTHROUGH PIE CHART

3.3. COMMON SPACES IN STATIONS

Circulation

• Departure concourse

• Arrival concourse

• Corridor

• Interior subways

• Entry ramps

• Exit ramps

• Platforms

• Canteen and small food court

• Lobby Admin

• Station master room

• Ticketing area

• Tourist information centre

• Telecommunication room

• Public address system room (control room)

• Customer service center

• Lostand found centre

• Baggage handling room

• Security office

• Cleaning supply room

• Staff room

• Station director

• Cloak room

• Current reservation room

• Station manager's room

• Station superintendent's room

• Station control room

• Station operation centre

• Un-ticket area

• Sub divisional ticket manager

• Senior coaching department officer

• Station master train branch

• Chief station manager

• Station superintendent Service

• Electrical room

• Fire control room

• Maintenance room

• Ahu room

• Store room

• Generator room

• Pump room

• Feeding room

• Crs (commission of railway safety) in charge

• Parking management office

Waiting area

• Waiting area (ac)

• Waiting area (non-ac)

• Second -class waiting area

• General waiting room

• Vip waiting room

• Female waiting room

Shops

• Souvenier shop kiosk

• Book stall plus chemist

• Restaurant (8 clubbed)

• Environmental awareness kiosk

• Food store room

5. DESIGN BRIEF

The Egmore Station Precinct, located in Chennai, serves as a pivotal hub for various modes of transportation, including metro, railway, cars, bikes, smart bikes, cycles, buses, and autorickshaws. This vibrant area holds significant historical and cultural value, particularly in relation to its railway heritage.

The proposed redevelopment aims to transform the existing Egmore Station into a dynamiccultural and heritagecenterwhile enhancingconnectivityand fosteringsociocultural interactions within the precinct.

5.1.

Project Title

Redefining Multimodal Urban Connectivity - Revitalization of Egmore Station

Precinct

5.2. Aim

To reimagine Egmore Station as a vibrant cultural and heritage center, seamlessly integrated with diverse transportation modes, fostering connectivity and promoting socio-cultural interactions within the precinct.

5.3.

Project Objectives

Enhance multimodal connectivity by integrating various transportation modes seamlessly within the precinct.

Implement sustainable design strategies to minimize environmental impact and promote resilience.

Create a distinctive urban identity for the precinct while respecting its historical context and local character.

Preserve and celebrate Egmore's rich railway history through the existing station building as a cultural and heritage center.

5.4.

DesignApproach

The design approach for the Egmore Station Precinct redevelopment will be guided by two main theories: Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) and Placemaking.

TOD principles will inform the layout to prioritize pedestrian-friendly environments, efficient transit access, and mixed-use developments centered around transportation nodes.

Revitalization of Egmore Station Precinct

Placemaking strategies will focus on creating engaging public spaces that encourage social interaction, cultural exchange, and community participation.

5.5. Key Design Elements

➢ Multimodal Transportation Hub:

Designated areas will be allocated for metro, railway, cars, bikes, smart bikes, cycles, buses, and autorickshaws to ensure seamless connectivity and efficient transfer between modes.

➢ Public Realm Enhancement:

Plazas, promenades, and green spaces will be incorporated to create inviting gathering areas for residents, commuters, and visitors. Street furniture, lighting, and landscaping will enhance the pedestrian experience and promote outdoor activities.

➢ Cultural Programming:

Cultural events, art installations, and community activities will be curated to enrich the socio-cultural fabric of the precinct and celebrate its diverse heritage.

5.6.

Conclusion

The revitalization of the Egmore Station Precinct presents an exciting opportunity to redefineurbanconnectivity,celebratecultural heritage,andcreateavibrant destination that reflects the spirit of Chennai. By embracing Transit-Oriented Development principles and Placemaking strategies, the proposed design will establish the precinct as a dynamic socio-cultural node that enriches the lives of residents and visitors alike.